redhat7配置yum repos软件仓库&远程yum_loaded plugins: product-id, search-disabled-repos,

作者：盐析白兔 | 2024-02-29 22:10:31

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loaded plugins: product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager

redhat7配置yum repos软件仓库&远程yum

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 安装后，执行yum命令是提示无可用yum repos（There are no enabled repos），报错信息如下：

[root@localhost opt]# yum install -y vim
Loaded plugins: product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager
This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use subscription-manager to register.
There are no enabled repos.
Run "yum repolist all" to see the repos you have.
To enable Red Hat Subscription Management repositories:
subscription-manager repos --enable <repo>
To enable custom repositories:
yum-config-manager --enable <repo>
[root@localhost opt]#

按照提示查看repolist为0：
[root@localhost opt]# yum repolist all
Loaded plugins: product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager
This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use subscription-manager to register.
repolist: 0

[root@localhost opt]# ls -l /etc/yum.repos.d/
total 4
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 358 Jul 13 19:37 redhat.repo

[root@localhost opt]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/redhat.repo
#
# Certificate-Based Repositories
# Managed by (rhsm) subscription-manager
#
# *** This file is auto-generated. Changes made here will be over-written. ***
# *** Use "subscription-manager repo-override --help" if you wish to make changes. ***
#
# If this file is empty and this system is subscribed consider
# a "yum repolist" to refresh available repos
#
[root@localhost opt]#

cat /etc/yum.repos.d/redhat.repo 查看软件仓库配置文件确实为空。

RedHatEnterpriseLinux 为了得系统更新并安装新软件，需要配置软件包存储库。

解决办法：

方法1）使用Redhat ISO配置本地软件仓库

mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/
mkdir -p /opt/rhel7-iso
cp -r /mnt/* /opt/rhel7-iso/ #拷贝软件包

echo '
[RHEL_7]
name=RHEL_7_x86_64 #仓库名称
baseurl="file:///opt/rhel7-iso" #仓库路径
gpgcheck=0
' > /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel7.repo

通过yum安装vim测试一下
yum install -y vim
命令执行后，会在 /opt/rhel7-iso 目录下生成一个 repodata 目录。

# yum repolist
Loaded plugins: product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager

This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use subscription-manager to register.

repo id repo name status
RHEL_7 RHEL_7_x86_64 5,231
repolist: 5,231

配置提供局域网其他服务器的远程共享软件仓库
安装Apache(httpd)服务
yum install -y httpd

默认将网站的根目录指向 /var/www/html 目录
默认的主配置文件是 /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
配置存储在的 /etc/httpd/conf.d/ 目录

修改配置文件：
vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
ServerName 192.168.1.100:80

启动/查询/停止服务：
service httpd start
netstat -an |grep 80 #默认监听80端口
service httpd stop

设置开机自启动服务
systemctl enable httpd.service

设置防火墙：
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port 80/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --reload

cd /var/www/html/
创建一个测试页面：
touch '<html><head>yum repos server</head><body> rhel7.repo file: http://192.168.1.100/rhel7.repo , save to /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel7.repo </body></html>' > index.html

测试浏览器能正常访问：http://192.168.1.100/index.html
在 /var/www/html/ 下创建软件仓库目录 rhel7-iso。由于我已创建过了 /opt/rhel7-iso/，所以这里直接创建软连接（不再创建仓库软件包目录了）：
ln -s /opt/rhel7-iso/ rhel7
浏览器测试能正常访问： http://192.168.1.100/rhel7/

在 /var/www/html/ 下创建文件 rhel7.repo for 其他机器可以远程下载
echo '
[RHEL_7]
name=RHEL_7_x86_64
baseurl="http://192.168.1.100/rhel7/"
gpgcheck=0
' > /var/www/html/rhel7.repo

其他局域网的机器，直接下载rhel7.repo或者直接手动创建 /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel7.repo 文件：

echo '
[RHEL_7]
name=RHEL_7_x86_64
baseurl="http://192.168.1.100/rhel7/"
gpgcheck=0
' > /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel7.repo

测试通过网络仓库进行 yum 安装：
yum install -y vim

方法2）配置Centos仓库
去阿里云下载一个OS对应的仓库：http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/
wget http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
也可以直接 vi /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo 创建文件，内容如下：

# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#

[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#released updates
[updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#contrib - packages by Centos Users
[contrib]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Contrib - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/
http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/
http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

清除yum缓存
yum clean all

使用yum安装vim
yum install -y vim

方法2）使用subscription-manager
提示使用 subscription-manager 并遵循说明来注册您的 RHEL7 系统，从而启用 RHEL 的回购，这样的话，需要付费或试用 Redhat 订阅。
如果您只是想在不需要最新Redhat订阅的情况下进行游戏并安装软件，则可以安装下载的Redhat ISO映像，配置使用本地仓库，并从而克服 There are no enabled repos。
这个方法我没有尝试。

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