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【flask-sqlalchemy】SQLAlchemy+PyMysql到mysql的映射_sqlalchemy mysql

作者：盐析白兔 | 2024-03-02 14:39:11

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sqlalchemy mysql

目录

简介

第三方包

优势

ORM

数据库的连接配置

ROM模型

数据类型

新建表

增加数据

查找数据

修改数据

删除数据

外键与表的关系

migrate迁移

简介

第三方包

pip install flask-sqlalchemy

pip install Pymysql

优势

不用写SQL语句，底层代码强大（方便更改、维护和迁移）

ORM

目前，许多主流的语言，都实现了对象关系映射（Object Relational Mapper，简称ORM）的库包。ORM的主要功能是将数据库表中的每条记录映射成一个对象。所有的数据库操作，都转化为对象的操作。这样可以增加代码的可读性和安全性。

ORM优点：

  1. 简洁易读：将数据表抽象为对象（数据模型），更直观易读。
  2. 可移植：封装了多种数据库引擎，面对多个数据库，操作基本一致，代码易维护。
  3. 更安全：有效避免SQL注入。

当然性能上会低于直接执行SQL语句，本文介绍SQLAlchemy的一些基础操作。

数据库的连接配置

<协议名称>://<⽤户名>:<密码>@<ip地址>:<端⼝>/<数据库名>

如果使⽤的是mysqldb驱动,协议名: mysql
如果使⽤的是pymysql驱动,协议名: mysql+pymysql

  1. from flask import Flask
  2. from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
  3.  
  4. app = Flask(__name__)
  5.  
  6. # 数据库配置
  7. HOSTNAME = '127.0.0.1'
  8. PORT = 3306
  9. DATABASE = 'flask'
  10. USERNAME = 'root'
  11. PASSWORD = '123456'
  12. app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI']=f"mysql+pymysql://{USERNAME}:{PASSWORD}@{HOSTNAME}:{PORT}/{DATABASE}?charset=utf8mb4"
  13. db=SQLAlchemy(app)
  14.  
  15. with app.app_context():
  16.     with db.engine.connect() as conn:
  17.         rs=conn.execute(SQLAlchemy().text("select 1"))
  18.         print(rs.fetchone())
  19.  
  20. @app.route('/')
  21. def hello_world():
  22.     return 'Hello World!'
  23.  
  24. if __name__ == '__main__':
  25.     app.run()

此时输出为(1,) 

如图 

ROM模型

数据类型

​ Interger：整型，映射到数据库中是int类型

​ Float：浮点类型，float

​ Double; String; Boolean;

​ Decimal: 定点类型，专门为解决浮点类型精度丢失的问题而设定。Decimal需要传入两个参数，第一个参数标记该字段能存储多少位数，第二个参数表示小数点后有又多少个小数位。

​ Enum：枚举类型；

​ Date：日期类型，年月日；

​ DateTime： 时间类型，年月日时分毫秒；

​ Time：时间类型，时分秒；

​ Text：长字符串，可存储6万多个字符，text；

​ LongText：长文本类型，longtext.

新建表

  1. from flask import Flask
  2. from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
  3.  
  4. app = Flask(__name__)
  5.  
  6. # 数据库配置
  7. HOSTNAME = '127.0.0.1'
  8. PORT = 3306
  9. DATABASE = 'flask'
  10. USERNAME = 'root'
  11. PASSWORD = '123456'
  12. app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI']=f"mysql+pymysql://{USERNAME}:{PASSWORD}@{HOSTNAME}:{PORT}/{DATABASE}?charset=utf8mb4"
  13. db=SQLAlchemy(app)
  14.  
  15. # with app.app_context():
  16. #     with db.engine.connect() as conn:
  17. #         rs=conn.execute(SQLAlchemy().text("select 1"))
  18. #         print(rs.fetchone())
  19.  
  20. class User(db.Model):
  21.     __tablename__ = 'user'
  22.     id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
  23.     # varchar(50),唯一约束，不能为空
  24.     username = db.Column(db.String(50), nullable=False)
  25.     email = db.Column(db.String(120), unique=True, nullable=False)
  26. user1=User(username="coleak",email="666@qq.com")
  27. user2=User()
  28. user2.username="ayue"
  29. user2.email="999@qq.com"
  30. with app.app_context():
  31.     db.create_all()
  32.  
  33.  
  34. @app.route('/')
  35. def hello_world():
  36.     return 'Hello World!'
  37.  
  38. if __name__ == '__main__':
  39.     app.run()

效果如图

增加数据

  1. from flask import Flask
  2. from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
  3.  
  4. app = Flask(__name__)
  5.  
  6. # 数据库配置
  7. HOSTNAME = '127.0.0.1'
  8. PORT = 3306
  9. DATABASE = 'flask'
  10. USERNAME = 'root'
  11. PASSWORD = '123456'
  12. app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI']=f"mysql+pymysql://{USERNAME}:{PASSWORD}@{HOSTNAME}:{PORT}/{DATABASE}?charset=utf8mb4"
  13. db=SQLAlchemy(app)
  14.  
  15. class User(db.Model):
  16.     __tablename__ = 'user'
  17.     id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
  18.     # varchar(50),唯一约束，不能为空
  19.     username = db.Column(db.String(50), nullable=False)
  20.     email = db.Column(db.String(120), unique=True, nullable=False)
  21.  
  22. @app.route('/uesr/add')
  23. def add_user():
  24.     user1 = User(username="coleak", email="666@qq.com")
  25.     user2 = User()
  26.     user2.username = "ayue"
  27.     user2.email = "999@qq.com"
  28.     db.session.add(user1)
  29.     db.session.add(user2)
  30.     db.session.commit()
  31.     return "用户创建成功"
  32.  
  33. @app.route('/')
  34. def hello_world():
  35.     return 'Hello World!'
  36.  
  37. if __name__ == '__main__':
  38.     app.run()

效果如图 

查找数据

  1. from flask import Flask,request
  2. from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
  3.  
  4. app = Flask(__name__)
  5.  
  6. # 数据库配置
  7. HOSTNAME = '127.0.0.1'
  8. PORT = 3306
  9. DATABASE = 'flask'
  10. USERNAME = 'root'
  11. PASSWORD = '123456'
  12. app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI']=f"mysql+pymysql://{USERNAME}:{PASSWORD}@{HOSTNAME}:{PORT}/{DATABASE}?charset=utf8mb4"
  13. db=SQLAlchemy(app)
  14.  
  15. # 继承了db.Model
  16. class User(db.Model):
  17.     __tablename__ = 'user'
  18.     id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
  19.     # varchar(50),唯一约束，不能为空
  20.     username = db.Column(db.String(50), nullable=False)
  21.     email = db.Column(db.String(120), unique=True, nullable=False)
  22.  
  23. @app.route('/uesr/add')
  24. def add_user():
  25.     user1 = User(username="coleak", email="66666@qq.com")
  26.     user2 = User()
  27.     user2.username = "ayue"
  28.     user2.email = "99999@qq.com"
  29.     db.session.add(user1)
  30.     db.session.add(user2)
  31.     db.session.commit()
  32.     return "用户创建成功"
  33.  
  34. @app.route("/user/query")
  35. # get查找和filter_by查找
  36. def query_user():
  37.     # id=request.args.get('id')
  38.     # user=User.query.get(id)
  39.     # # http: // 127.0.0.1: 5000 / user / query?id = 1
  40.     username = request.args.get('username')
  41.     users=User.query.filter_by(username=username)
  42.     for user in users:
  43.         print(f"{user.id}:{user.username}-{user.email}")
  44.     return "数据查找成功！"
  45.  
  46. @app.route('/')
  47. def hello_world():
  48.     return 'Hello World!'
  49.  
  50. if __name__ == '__main__':
  51.     app.run()
http://127.0.0.1:5000/user/query?username=coleak

修改数据

  1. from flask import Flask,request
  2. from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
  3.  
  4. app = Flask(__name__)
  5.  
  6. # 数据库配置
  7. HOSTNAME = '127.0.0.1'
  8. PORT = 3306
  9. DATABASE = 'flask'
  10. USERNAME = 'root'
  11. PASSWORD = '123456'
  12. app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI']=f"mysql+pymysql://{USERNAME}:{PASSWORD}@{HOSTNAME}:{PORT}/{DATABASE}?charset=utf8mb4"
  13. db=SQLAlchemy(app)
  14.  
  15. # 继承了db.Model
  16. class User(db.Model):
  17.     __tablename__ = 'user'
  18.     id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
  19.     # varchar(50),唯一约束，不能为空
  20.     username = db.Column(db.String(50), nullable=False)
  21.     email = db.Column(db.String(120), unique=True, nullable=False)
  22.  
  23. # 新增数据
  24. @app.route('/uesr/add')
  25. def add_user():
  26.     user1 = User(username="coleak", email="66666@qq.com")
  27.     user2 = User()
  28.     user2.username = "ayue"
  29.     user2.email = "99999@qq.com"
  30.     db.session.add(user1)
  31.     db.session.add(user2)
  32.     db.session.commit()
  33.     return "用户创建成功"
  34.  
  35. # 查询数据
  36. @app.route("/user/query")
  37. # get查找和filter_by查找
  38. def query_user():
  39.     # id=request.args.get('id')
  40.     # user=User.query.get(id)
  41.     # # http: // 127.0.0.1: 5000 / user / query?id = 1
  42.     username = request.args.get('username')
  43.     users=User.query.filter_by(username=username)
  44.     for user in users:
  45.         print(f"{user.id}:{user.username}-{user.email}")
  46.     return "数据查找成功！"
  47.  
  48. # 修改数据
  49. @app.route("/user/update")
  50. def update_user():
  51.     username = request.args.get('username')
  52.     newemail=request.args.get('newemail')
  53.     user = User.query.filter_by(username=username).first()
  54.     user.email=newemail
  55.     db.session.commit()
  56.     return "update--successful"
  57.  
  58.  
  59. # 根路由
  60. @app.route('/')
  61. def hello_world():
  62.     return 'Hello World!'
  63.  
  64. if __name__ == '__main__':
  65.     app.run()
http://127.0.0.1:5000/user/update?username=coleak&newemail=666888@qq.com

删除数据

  1. from flask import Flask,request
  2. from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
  3.  
  4. app = Flask(__name__)
  5.  
  6. # 数据库配置
  7. HOSTNAME = '127.0.0.1'
  8. PORT = 3306
  9. DATABASE = 'flask'
  10. USERNAME = 'root'
  11. PASSWORD = '123456'
  12. app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI']=f"mysql+pymysql://{USERNAME}:{PASSWORD}@{HOSTNAME}:{PORT}/{DATABASE}?charset=utf8mb4"
  13. db=SQLAlchemy(app)
  14.  
  15. # 继承了db.Model
  16. class User(db.Model):
  17.     __tablename__ = 'user'
  18.     id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
  19.     # varchar(50),唯一约束，不能为空
  20.     username = db.Column(db.String(50), nullable=False)
  21.     email = db.Column(db.String(120), unique=True, nullable=False)
  22.  
  23. # 新增数据
  24. @app.route('/uesr/add')
  25. def add_user():
  26.     user1 = User(username="coleak", email="66666@qq.com")
  27.     user2 = User()
  28.     user2.username = "ayue"
  29.     user2.email = "99999@qq.com"
  30.     db.session.add(user1)
  31.     db.session.add(user2)
  32.     db.session.commit()
  33.     return "用户创建成功"
  34.  
  35. # 查询数据
  36. @app.route("/user/query")
  37. # get查找和filter_by查找
  38. def query_user():
  39.     # id=request.args.get('id')
  40.     # user=User.query.get(id)
  41.     # # http: // 127.0.0.1: 5000 / user / query?id = 1
  42.     username = request.args.get('username')
  43.     users=User.query.filter_by(username=username)
  44.     for user in users:
  45.         print(f"{user.id}:{user.username}-{user.email}")
  46.     return "数据查找成功！"
  47.  
  48. # 修改数据
  49. @app.route("/user/update")
  50. def update_user():
  51.     username = request.args.get('username')
  52.     newemail=request.args.get('newemail')
  53.     user = User.query.filter_by(username=username).first()
  54.     user.email=newemail
  55.     db.session.commit()
  56.     return "update--successful"
  57.  
  58. # 删除数据
  59. @app.route("/user/delete")
  60. def delete_user():
  61.     username = request.args.get('username')
  62.     user = User.query.filter_by(username=username).first()
  63.     db.session.delete(user)
  64.     db.session.commit()
  65.     return "delete--successful"
  66.  
  67.  
  68.  
  69. # 根路由
  70. @app.route('/')
  71. def hello_world():
  72.     return 'Hello World!'
  73.  
  74. if __name__ == '__main__':
  75.     app.run()
http://127.0.0.1:5000/user/delete?username=coleak

此时第一个coleak被删除了

外键与表的关系

  • 创造外键
  1. from flask import Flask,request
  2. from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
  3.  
  4. app = Flask(__name__)
  5.  
  6. # 数据库配置
  7. HOSTNAME = '127.0.0.1'
  8. PORT = 3306
  9. DATABASE = 'flask'
  10. USERNAME = 'root'
  11. PASSWORD = '123456'
  12. app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI']=f"mysql+pymysql://{USERNAME}:{PASSWORD}@{HOSTNAME}:{PORT}/{DATABASE}?charset=utf8mb4"
  13. db=SQLAlchemy(app)
  14.  
  15. # 继承了db.Model
  16. class User(db.Model):
  17.     __tablename__ = 'user'
  18.     id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
  19.     # varchar(50),唯一约束，不能为空
  20.     username = db.Column(db.String(50), nullable=False)
  21.     email = db.Column(db.String(120), unique=True, nullable=False)
  22.  
  23. class article(db.Model):
  24.     __tablename__="article"
  25.     arid=db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
  26.     artitle=db.Column(db.String(100), nullable=False)
  27.     arcontent=db.Column(db.Text,nullable=False)
  28.     author_id=db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('user.id'))
  29.     # 自动给User添加一个属性articles来获取文章列表
  30.     author=db.relationship("User",backref="articles")
  31.  
  32. with app.app_context():
  33.     db.create_all()
  34. # 创建user和article
  35. # coleak=User(username="coleak",email="678@163.com")
  36. # article=article()
  37. # article.title="flask_learn"
  38. # article.content="flask_content"
  39. # article.id=1
  40. # article.author_id=coleak.id
  41.  
  42. # 新增数据
  43. @app.route('/uesr/add')
  44. def add_user():
  45.     user1 = User(username="coleak", email="66666@qq.com")
  46.     user2 = User()
  47.     user2.username = "ayue"
  48.     user2.email = "99999@qq.com"
  49.     db.session.add(user1)
  50.     db.session.add(user2)
  51.     db.session.commit()
  52.     return "用户创建成功"
  53.  
  54. # 查询数据
  55. @app.route("/user/query")
  56. # get查找和filter_by查找
  57. def query_user():
  58.     # id=request.args.get('id')
  59.     # user=User.query.get(id)
  60.     # # http: // 127.0.0.1: 5000 / user / query?id = 1
  61.     username = request.args.get('username')
  62.     users=User.query.filter_by(username=username)
  63.     for user in users:
  64.         print(f"{user.id}:{user.username}-{user.email}")
  65.     return "数据查找成功！"
  66.  
  67. # 修改数据
  68. @app.route("/user/update")
  69. def update_user():
  70.     username = request.args.get('username')
  71.     newemail=request.args.get('newemail')
  72.     user = User.query.filter_by(username=username).first()
  73.     user.email=newemail
  74.     db.session.commit()
  75.     return "update--successful"
  76.  
  77. # 删除数据
  78. @app.route("/user/delete")
  79. def delete_user():
  80.     username = request.args.get('username')
  81.     user = User.query.filter_by(username=username).first()
  82.     db.session.delete(user)
  83.     db.session.commit()
  84.     return "delete--successful"
  85.  
  86.  
  87.  
  88. # 根路由
  89. @app.route('/')
  90. def hello_world():
  91.     return 'Hello World!'
  92.  
  93. if __name__ == '__main__':
  94.     app.run()

  • backref关联查找
  1. from flask import Flask,request
  2. from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
  3.  
  4. app = Flask(__name__)
  5.  
  6. # 数据库配置
  7. HOSTNAME = '127.0.0.1'
  8. PORT = 3306
  9. DATABASE = 'flask'
  10. USERNAME = 'root'
  11. PASSWORD = '123456'
  12. app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI']=f"mysql+pymysql://{USERNAME}:{PASSWORD}@{HOSTNAME}:{PORT}/{DATABASE}?charset=utf8mb4"
  13. db=SQLAlchemy(app)
  14.  
  15. # 继承了db.Model
  16. class User(db.Model):
  17.     __tablename__ = 'user'
  18.     id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
  19.     # varchar(50),唯一约束，不能为空
  20.     username = db.Column(db.String(50), nullable=False)
  21.     email = db.Column(db.String(120), unique=True, nullable=False)
  22.  
  23. class article(db.Model):
  24.     __tablename__="article"
  25.     arid=db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
  26.     artitle=db.Column(db.String(100), nullable=False)
  27.     arcontent=db.Column(db.Text,nullable=False)
  28.     author_id=db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('user.id'))
  29.     # 自动给User添加一个属性articles来获取文章列表
  30.     author=db.relationship("User",backref="articles")
  31.  
  32.  
  33.  
  34. @app.route('/article/add')
  35. def add_article():
  36.     Article1=article(artitle="flask_learn",arcontent="flask_content")
  37.     Article1.author=User.query.get(2)
  38.     Article2 = article(artitle="flask_learn2", arcontent="flask_content2")
  39.     Article2.author = User.query.get(2)
  40.     db.session.add_all([Article1,Article2])
  41.     db.session.commit()
  42.     return "文章1,2添加成功"
  43.  
  44. @app.route("/article/query")
  45. def query():
  46.     user=User.query.get(2)
  47.     for article in user.articles:
  48.         print(article.artitle)
  49.     return "文章查找成功"
  50.  
  51.  
  52. # 新增数据
  53. @app.route('/uesr/add')
  54. def add_user():
  55.     user1 = User(username="coleak", email="66666@qq.com")
  56.     user2 = User()
  57.     user2.username = "ayue"
  58.     user2.email = "99999@qq.com"
  59.     db.session.add(user1)
  60.     db.session.add(user2)
  61.     db.session.commit()
  62.     return "用户创建成功"
  63.  
  64. # 查询数据
  65. @app.route("/user/query")
  66. # get查找和filter_by查找
  67. def query_user():
  68.     # id=request.args.get('id')
  69.     # user=User.query.get(id)
  70.     # # http: // 127.0.0.1: 5000 / user / query?id = 1
  71.     username = request.args.get('username')
  72.     users=User.query.filter_by(username=username)
  73.     for user in users:
  74.         print(f"{user.id}:{user.username}-{user.email}")
  75.     return "数据查找成功！"
  76.  
  77. # 修改数据
  78. @app.route("/user/update")
  79. def update_user():
  80.     username = request.args.get('username')
  81.     newemail=request.args.get('newemail')
  82.     user = User.query.filter_by(username=username).first()
  83.     user.email=newemail
  84.     db.session.commit()
  85.     return "update--successful"
  86.  
  87. # 删除数据
  88. @app.route("/user/delete")
  89. def delete_user():
  90.     username = request.args.get('username')
  91.     user = User.query.filter_by(username=username).first()
  92.     db.session.delete(user)
  93.     db.session.commit()
  94.     return "delete--successful"
  95.  
  96.  
  97.  
  98. # 根路由
  99. @app.route('/')
  100. def hello_world():
  101.     return 'Hello World!'
  102.  
  103. if __name__ == '__main__':
  104.     app.run()
 

migrate迁移
 

  1. from flask import Flask,request
  2. from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
  3. from flask_migrate import Migrate
  4.  
  5. app = Flask(__name__)
  6.  
  7. # 数据库配置
  8. HOSTNAME = '127.0.0.1'
  9. PORT = 3306
  10. DATABASE = 'flask'
  11. USERNAME = 'root'
  12. PASSWORD = '123456'
  13. app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI']=f"mysql+pymysql://{USERNAME}:{PASSWORD}@{HOSTNAME}:{PORT}/{DATABASE}?charset=utf8mb4"
  14. db=SQLAlchemy(app)
  15.  
  16.  
  17. migrate=Migrate(app,db)
  18. # flask db init
  19. # flask db migrate
  20. # flask db upgrade
  21.  
  22. # 继承了db.Model
  23. class User(db.Model):
  24.     __tablename__ = 'user'
  25.     id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
  26.     # varchar(50),唯一约束，不能为空
  27.     username = db.Column(db.String(50), nullable=False)
  28.     passw = db.Column(db.String(50), nullable=False)
  29.     email = db.Column(db.String(120), unique=True, nullable=False)
  30.  
  31. class article(db.Model):
  32.     __tablename__="article"
  33.     arid=db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
  34.     artitle=db.Column(db.String(100), nullable=False)
  35.     arcontent=db.Column(db.Text,nullable=False)
  36.     author_id=db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('user.id'))
  37.     # 自动给User添加一个属性articles来获取文章列表
  38.     author=db.relationship("User",backref="articles")
  39.  
  40.  
  41.  
  42. @app.route('/article/add')
  43. def add_article():
  44.     Article1=article(artitle="flask_learn",arcontent="flask_content")
  45.     Article1.author=User.query.get(2)
  46.     Article2 = article(artitle="flask_learn2", arcontent="flask_content2")
  47.     Article2.author = User.query.get(2)
  48.     db.session.add_all([Article1,Article2])
  49.     db.session.commit()
  50.     return "文章1,2添加成功"
  51.  
  52. @app.route("/article/query")
  53. def query():
  54.     user=User.query.get(2)
  55.     for article in user.articles:
  56.         print(article.artitle)
  57.     return "文章查找成功"
  58.  
  59.  
  60. # 新增数据
  61. @app.route('/uesr/add')
  62. def add_user():
  63.     user1 = User(username="coleak", email="66666@qq.com")
  64.     user2 = User()
  65.     user2.username = "ayue"
  66.     user2.email = "99999@qq.com"
  67.     db.session.add(user1)
  68.     db.session.add(user2)
  69.     db.session.commit()
  70.     return "用户创建成功"
  71.  
  72. # 查询数据
  73. @app.route("/user/query")
  74. # get查找和filter_by查找
  75. def query_user():
  76.     # id=request.args.get('id')
  77.     # user=User.query.get(id)
  78.     # # http: // 127.0.0.1: 5000 / user / query?id = 1
  79.     username = request.args.get('username')
  80.     users=User.query.filter_by(username=username)
  81.     for user in users:
  82.         print(f"{user.id}:{user.username}-{user.email}")
  83.     return "数据查找成功！"
  84.  
  85. # 修改数据
  86. @app.route("/user/update")
  87. def update_user():
  88.     username = request.args.get('username')
  89.     newemail=request.args.get('newemail')
  90.     user = User.query.filter_by(username=username).first()
  91.     user.email=newemail
  92.     db.session.commit()
  93.     return "update--successful"
  94.  
  95. # 删除数据
  96. @app.route("/user/delete")
  97. def delete_user():
  98.     username = request.args.get('username')
  99.     user = User.query.filter_by(username=username).first()
  100.     db.session.delete(user)
  101.     db.session.commit()
  102.     return "delete--successful"
  103.  
  104.  
  105.  
  106. # 根路由
  107. @app.route('/')
  108. def hello_world():
  109.     return 'Hello World!'
  110.  
  111. if __name__ == '__main__':
  112.     app.run()
 

  1. migrate=Migrate(app,db)
  2. # flask db init 只执行一次生成文件目录
  3. # flask db migrate
  4. # flask db upgrade
 


                

        
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