使用sar -u查看cpu使用率情况

[root@abc ~]# man sar
 
      -u [ ALL ]
              Report CPU utilization. The ALL keyword indicates that all the CPU fields should be displayed.  The report may show the following fields:
 
              %user
                     Percentage of CPU utilization that occurred while executing at the user level (application). Note that this field includes time spent running virtual processors.
 
              %usr
                     Percentage of CPU utilization that occurred while executing at the user level (application). Note that this field does NOT include time spent running  virtual  proces-
                     sors.
 
              %nice
                     Percentage of CPU utilization that occurred while executing at the user level with nice priority.
 
              %system
                     Percentage  of  CPU  utilization  that  occurred while executing at the system level (kernel). Note that this field includes time spent servicing hardware and software interrupts.
 
              %sys
                     Percentage of CPU utilization that occurred while executing at the system level (kernel). Note that this field does NOT include time spent servicing hardware or  soft-ware interrupts.
 
              %iowait
                     Percentage of time that the CPU or CPUs were idle during which the system had an outstanding disk I/O request.
 
              %steal
                     Percentage of time spent in involuntary wait by the virtual CPU or CPUs while the hypervisor was servicing another virtual processor.
 
              %irq
                     Percentage of time spent by the CPU or CPUs to service hardware interrupts.
 
              %soft
                     Percentage of time spent by the CPU or CPUs to service software interrupts.
 
              %guest
                     Percentage of time spent by the CPU or CPUs to run a virtual processor.
 
              %idle
                     Percentage of time that the CPU or CPUs were idle and the system did not have an outstanding disk I/O request.
 
              Note: On SMP machines a processor that does not have any activity at all (0.00 for every field) is a disabled (offline) processor.

[root@abc ~]# sar -u ALL 1 10
Linux 2.6.32-642.el6.x86_64 (abc) 	06/06/2018 	_x86_64_	(4 CPU)
 
 
01:56:08 PM     CPU      %usr     %nice      %sys    %iowait   %steal      %irq     %soft    %guest     %idle
01:56:09 PM     all      0.00      0.00      0.25      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00     99.75
01:56:10 PM     all      0.25      0.00      0.25      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00     99.50
01:56:11 PM     all      0.00      0.00      0.25      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00     99.75
01:56:12 PM     all      0.00      0.00      0.25      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00     99.75
01:56:13 PM     all      0.25      0.00      0.50      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00     99.25
01:56:14 PM     all      0.00      0.00      0.25      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00     99.75
01:56:15 PM     all      0.00      0.00      0.25      0.25      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00     99.50
01:56:16 PM     all      0.00      0.00      0.25      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00     99.75
01:56:17 PM     all      0.00      0.00      0.50      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00     99.50
01:56:18 PM     all      0.00      0.00      0.25      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00     99.75
Average:        all      0.05      0.00      0.30      0.03      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00     99.62
[root@abc ~]# 

Spending time in %user is expected behavior, as this is where all non-system tasks are accounted for. 
If cycles are actively being spent in %system then much of the execution time is being spent in lower-level code. 
If %iowait is high then it indicates processes are actively waiting due to disk accesses being a bottleneck on the system.

注意上面的 %iowait列

来源于：https://access.redhat.com/articles/325783