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RabbitMq是一个由erlang开发的AMQP(Advanced Message Queue 高级消息队列协议)的开源实现,RabbitMq是一个消息代理:它接收和转发消息。
1)异步消息处理
2)业务解耦
3)错峰流控
4)处理分布式事务
1)生产者:消息的创建者,负责创建和推送数据到消息服务器
2)消费者:消息的接收方,用于处理数据和确认消息
3)代理:就是RabbitMq本身,不生产消息,只做消息代理
1)ConnectionFactory:连接管理器,应用程序与Rabbit之间简历连接的管理器
2)channel:信道,消息推送使用的通道
3)Exchange:交换器,用于接收,分配消息
4)Queue:队列,用于存储生产者的消息
5)RoutingKey:路由键,用户把生产者的数据分配到交换器上
6)BindingKey:绑定键,用于把交换器的消息绑定到队列上
1)direct:默认方式,最基础最简单的模式,发送方把消息发送给订阅方,如果有多个订阅者,默认采取轮询的方式进行消息发送
2)headers:与direct类似,只是性能很差,此类型几乎用不到
3)fanout:分发模式,把消费分发给所有订阅者
4)topic:匹配订阅模式,使用正则匹配到消息队列,能匹配到的都能接收
docker pull rabbitmq:3-management
userName,password 请自行设置,--name 是名称,可以自定义
- docker run \
- -e RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_USER=userName \
- -e RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_PASS=password \
- --name mq \
- --hostname mq1 \
- -p 15672:15672 \
- -p 5672:5672 \
- -d \
- rabbitmq:3-management
docker start mq
网址为你的虚拟机ip加上15672,密码和用户名是自己设置,登录进去页面如下
publisher是生产者模块,consumer是消费者模块
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
- </dependency>
- package cn.zb.publisher;
-
- import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
- import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
- import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
- import org.junit.Test;
- import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
- import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
- import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
-
- import java.io.IOException;
- import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
-
- @RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
- @SpringBootTest
- public class PublisherTest {
-
- @Test
- public void test() throws IOException, TimeoutException {
- ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
- factory.setHost("192.168.182.136");
- factory.setPort(5672);
- factory.setVirtualHost("/");
- factory.setUsername("as");
- factory.setPassword("123456");
-
- //建立连接
- Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
-
- //创建信道Channel
- Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
-
- //创建交换机
- channel.exchangeDeclare("simple:exchange","direct",false,false,null);
-
- //创建队列
- channel.queueDeclare("simple:queue",false,false,false,null);
-
- //队列绑定交换机,"as" 为routingkey
- channel.queueBind("simple:queue","simple:exchange","as");
-
- //发送消息,需要传routingkey
- String message="hello,rabbitmq!";
- channel.basicPublish("simple:exchange","as",null,message.getBytes());
-
- //关闭通道和连接
- channel.close();
- connection.close();
- }
- }
点击队列,进入到队列详情,可以看到队列中的消息详情
- package cn.zb.consumer;
-
- import com.rabbitmq.client.*;
- import org.junit.Test;
- import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
- import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
- import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
-
- import java.io.IOException;
- import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
-
- @RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
- @SpringBootTest
- public class ConsumerTest {
-
- @Test
- public void test() throws IOException, TimeoutException {
- ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
- factory.setHost("192.168.182.136");
- factory.setPort(5672);
- factory.setVirtualHost("/");
- factory.setUsername("as");
- factory.setPassword("123456");
-
- //建立连接
- Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
-
- //创建信道Channel
- Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
-
- //接收消息,true表示,接收到传递过滤的消息后应答服务器
- channel.basicConsume("simple:queue",true,new DefaultConsumer(channel){
- @Override
- public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {
- String message = new String(body);
- System.out.println("接收到消息:"+message);
- }
- });
-
- }
- }
端口号,用户名,密码自行填写,两个模块都是差不多的配置,顶多改一下服务的端口
- server:
- port: 8082
- spring:
- rabbitmq:
- host:
- port: 5672
- virtual-host: /
- username:
- password:
- package cn.zb.publisher.config;
-
- import org.springframework.amqp.core.*;
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
- import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
- import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
-
- @Configuration
- public class RabbitMqConfig {
- public static final String EXCHANGE_DIRECT="exchange_direct";
-
- public static final String QUEUE_MESSAGE="queue:message";
-
- public static final String ROUTINGKEY = "as";
-
- //声明交换机
- @Bean(EXCHANGE_DIRECT)
- public Exchange EXCHANGE_TOPIC(){
- //durable(true) 持久化,mq重启之后交换机还在
- //这里指定了交换机的广播方式为DIRECT默认模式
- return ExchangeBuilder.topicExchange(EXCHANGE_DIRECT).durable(false).build();
- }
-
- //声明队列
- @Bean(QUEUE_MESSAGE)
- public Queue QUEUE_MESSAGE(){
- return new Queue(QUEUE_MESSAGE);
- }
-
- //队列绑定交换机
- @Bean
- public Binding BINDING_QUEUE_MESSAGE(@Qualifier(QUEUE_MESSAGE) Queue queue,@Qualifier(EXCHANGE_DIRECT) Exchange exchange){
- //durable(true) 持久化,mq重启之后交换机还在
- return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(exchange).with(ROUTINGKEY).noargs();
- }
- }
- package cn.zb.publisher.controller;
-
-
- import cn.zb.publisher.config.RabbitMqConfig;
- import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
- import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
- import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
-
-
- @RestController
- public class PublisherController {
- @Autowired
- private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
-
- @GetMapping("/send")
- public void sendMessage() throws InterruptedException {
- for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
- //指定消息发送到那个交换机,routingkey与配置类定义的一致
- rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitMqConfig.EXCHANGE_DIRECT,"as","这是生产者生产的第"+i+"条消息");
- Thread.sleep(1000);
- }
- }
- }
- package cn.zb.consumer.listen;
-
- import cn.zb.consumer.config.RabbitMqConfig;
- import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
- import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
-
- @Component
- public class RabbitMqListen {
-
- @RabbitListener(queues = {RabbitMqConfig.QUEUE_MESSAGE})
- public void getMessage(String msg, Message message){
- System.out.println(msg);
- }
- }
本博客只做记录,参考了其他文献
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