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【WPF】异步任务更新UI、绑定命令、绑定字符串属性_wpf异步更新ui

作者：盐析白兔 | 2024-07-26 11:12:31

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wpf异步更新ui

WPF异步任务

主界面

属性改变触发UI更新：

  1.         //打印的内容：文本框显示的内容
  2.         public string PrintNumbers
  3.         {
  4.             get { return printNumbers; }
  5.             set
  6.             {
  7.                 printNumbers = value;
  8.                 RaisePropertyChanged();
  9.             }
  10.         }
  1.         <TextBox Name="Execution" HorizontalAlignment="Right"
  2.                  Height="649" Margin="0,10,10,0" TextWrapping="Wrap"
  3.                  ScrollViewer.HorizontalScrollBarVisibility="Visible"
  4.                  ScrollViewer.VerticalScrollBarVisibility="Auto"
  5.                  Text="{Binding PrintNumbers,Mode=TwoWay,
  6.                  UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}"
  7.                  VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="692" Grid.Column="1" />

命令绑定：

在视图模型中定义命令：

  1.         //绑定的命令
  2.         public ICommand StartButtonCommand { get; set; }
  3.         public ICommand AddTaskCommand { get; set; }
  4.         public ICommand ClearAllData { get; set; }

在主界面xaml中绑定命令：

  1.         <Button Content="Start Task"  Height="36"
  2.                 Margin="10,30,797,0" 
  3.                 VerticalAlignment="Top"
  4.                 Width="119" Command="{Binding StartButtonCommand}" Grid.Column="1"/>

 创建命令实例：

  1.             StartButtonCommand = new DelegateCommand(TaskExecutionOrder);
  2.             AddTaskCommand = new DelegateCommand(SelectedTaskExecution);
  3.             ClearAllData = new DelegateCommand(ClearData);

绑定RadioButton属性：

  1.         //radiobutton绑定的属性  
  2.         public bool IsOddChecked //选择奇数属性
  3.         {
  4.             get { return isOddChecked; }
  5.             set { SetProperty(ref isOddChecked, value); RaisePropertyChanged(); }
  6.         }
  7.         //radiobutton绑定的属性 
  8.         public bool IsEvenChecked//选择偶数属性
  9.         {
  10.             get { return isEvenChecked; }
  11.             set { SetProperty(ref isEvenChecked, value); RaisePropertyChanged(); }
  12.         }
  1.  <RadioButton x:Name="chckOddNum" Content="OddNumbers" 
  2.                      HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="10,413,0,0" 
  3.                      VerticalAlignment="Top"  
  4.                      IsChecked="{Binding IsOddChecked,Mode=TwoWay,
  5.                      UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}" Height="44" Width="119" RenderTransformOrigin="1,0.546" Grid.Column="1"/>

执行异步任务：

  1.         private static Queue<Action> queue = new Queue<Action>();//操作队列
  2.         private static readonly object queuelock = new object();//队列锁
Task.Run(() => ExecuteTasks());//执行异步任务，从队列中取出任务动作
  1.   //开始按钮执行异步任务
  2.         private async void ExecuteTasks()
  3.         {
  4.             
  5.             while (true)
  6.             {
  7.                 Action task = null;
  8.                 lock (queuelock)
  9.                 {
  10.                     if (queue.Count > 0)
  11.                     {
  12.                         task = queue.Dequeue();//取出一个任务操作
  13.                     }
  14.                 }
  15.                 if (task != null)
  16.                 {
  17.                     await Task.Run(() =>
  18.                     {
  19.                         task.Invoke();
  20.                         Thread.Sleep(100);
  21.                     });
  22.                 }
  23.  
  24.             }
  25.         }
  1.         //开始按钮委托命令  ：执行 奇数、偶数任务
  2.         public void TaskExecutionOrder()
  3.         {
  4.             queue.Enqueue(OddNumbers);
  5.             queue.Enqueue(EvenNumbers);
  6.             taskCount = queue.Count;//任务数
  7.         }
  1.   //奇数任务操作
  2.         private void OddNumbers()
  3.         {
  4.                 Dispatcher.CurrentDispatcher.Invoke(() =>
  5.                {
  6.                    this.PrintNumbers += Environment.NewLine;
  7.                    this.PrintNumbers += Environment.NewLine;
  8.                    this.PrintNumbers += "OddNumbers between 1 to 100" + Environment.NewLine + "Task:" + " " + taskNumber.ToString();
  9.                    this.PrintNumbers += Environment.NewLine;
  10.                    this.ExecutionOrder += "Task:" + taskNumber.ToString() + "-Started" + "\n";
  11.  
  12.                });
  13.                 for (int i = 0; i <= 100; i++)
  14.                 {
  15.  
  16.                     Dispatcher.CurrentDispatcher.Invoke(() =>
  17.                     {
  18.                         if (i % 2 != 0)//奇数
  19.                         {
  20.                             this.PrintNumbers += i.ToString() + " "; //属性改变，触发UI更新
  21.  
  22.                             Thread.Sleep(10);
  23.                         }
  24.  
  25.                     });
  26.  
  27.                 }
  28.                 
  29.                 this.ExecutionOrder += "Task:" + taskNumber.ToString() + "-Stopped" + "\n";
  30.                 taskNumber++;//下一任务号
  31.                 Thread.Sleep(1000);
  32.             
  33.         }

完整代码：

XAML主界面：

  1.     <Grid>
  2.         <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
  3.             <ColumnDefinition Width="53*"/>
  4.             <ColumnDefinition Width="739*"/>
  5.         </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
  6.         <TextBox Name="Execution" HorizontalAlignment="Right"
  7.                  Height="649" Margin="0,10,10,0" TextWrapping="Wrap"
  8.                  ScrollViewer.HorizontalScrollBarVisibility="Visible"
  9.                  ScrollViewer.VerticalScrollBarVisibility="Auto"
  10.                  Text="{Binding PrintNumbers,Mode=TwoWay,
  11.                  UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}"
  12.                  VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="692" Grid.Column="1" />
  13.  
  14.         <Button Content="Start Task"  Height="36"
  15.                 Margin="10,30,797,0" 
  16.                 VerticalAlignment="Top"
  17.                 Width="119" Command="{Binding StartButtonCommand}" Grid.Column="1"/>
  18.  
  19.         <RadioButton x:Name="chckOddNum" Content="OddNumbers" 
  20.                      HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="10,413,0,0" 
  21.                      VerticalAlignment="Top"  
  22.                      IsChecked="{Binding IsOddChecked,Mode=TwoWay,
  23.                      UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}" Height="44" Width="119" RenderTransformOrigin="1,0.546" Grid.Column="1"/>
  24.  
  25.         <RadioButton x:Name="chckEvenNum" Content="EvenNumbers" 
  26.                      HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="10,462,0,0" 
  27.                      VerticalAlignment="Top" IsChecked="{Binding IsEvenChecked,
  28.                      Mode=TwoWay,UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}" Height="42" Width="119" Grid.Column="1"/>
  29.  
  30.         <Button Content="Add Task"  Height="31" HorizontalAlignment="Left"
  31.             Margin="10,543,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="119"
  32.             Command="{Binding AddTaskCommand}" Grid.Column="1"/>
  33.  
  34.         <TextBox HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="296" 
  35.                  VerticalScrollBarVisibility="Auto" 
  36.                  HorizontalScrollBarVisibility="Auto" Margin="31,88,0,0" 
  37.                  VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="216" 
  38.                  Text="{Binding ExecutionOrder,UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}" Grid.ColumnSpan="2"/>
  39.  
  40.         <Button Content="ClearAll" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="10,604,0,0" 
  41.                 VerticalAlignment="Top" Command="{Binding ClearAllData,
  42.                 UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged,Mode=TwoWay}" Width="119" 
  43.                 Height="30" Grid.Column="1"/>
  44.     </Grid>

主界面交互逻辑：

  1. namespace MultiThreadingWPF
  2. {
  3.     using Prism.Commands;
  4.     using Prism.Mvvm;
  5.     using System;
  6.     using System.Collections.Generic;
  7.     using System.Threading;
  8.     using System.Threading.Tasks;
  9.     using System.Windows.Input;
  10.     using System.Windows.Threading;
  11.     using MultiThreadingWPF.Model;
  12.  
  13.     public class MainWindowViewModel : BindableBase
  14.     {
  15.  
  16.         private static Queue<Action> queue = new Queue<Action>();//操作队列
  17.         private static readonly object queuelock = new object();//队列锁
  18.  
  19.         private string printNumbers;//打印的数字
  20.         private string taskName;//任务名
  21.         private static int taskNumber = 1;//任务号
  22.  
  23.         private TaskModel __taskModel;//任务模型  未使用
  24.  
  25.         private string executionOrder;//             执行订单
  26.  
  27.         private bool isOddChecked;//奇数选择字段
  28.         private bool isEvenChecked;//偶数选择字段
  29.         //绑定的命令
  30.         public ICommand StartButtonCommand { get; set; }
  31.         public ICommand AddTaskCommand { get; set; }
  32.         public ICommand ClearAllData { get; set; }
  33.         //任务数
  34.         private int taskCount;
  35.         //未使用TaskModel 
  36.         public TaskModel TasksModel
  37.         {
  38.             get { return __taskModel; }
  39.             set { SetProperty(ref __taskModel, value); RaisePropertyChanged(); }
  40.         }
  41.         
  42.         public string ExecutionOrder//
  43.         {
  44.             get { return executionOrder; }
  45.             set { SetProperty(ref executionOrder, value); RaisePropertyChanged(); }
  46.         }
  47.         //radiobutton绑定的属性  
  48.         public bool IsOddChecked //选择奇数属性
  49.         {
  50.             get { return isOddChecked; }
  51.             set { SetProperty(ref isOddChecked, value); RaisePropertyChanged(); }
  52.         }
  53.         //radiobutton绑定的属性 
  54.         public bool IsEvenChecked//选择偶数属性
  55.         {
  56.             get { return isEvenChecked; }
  57.             set { SetProperty(ref isEvenChecked, value); RaisePropertyChanged(); }
  58.         }
  59.         //任务名
  60.         public string TaskName
  61.         {
  62.             get { return taskName; }
  63.             set
  64.             {
  65.                 taskName = value;
  66.                 RaisePropertyChanged();
  67.             }
  68.         }
  69.         //打印的内容：文本框显示的内容
  70.         public string PrintNumbers
  71.         {
  72.             get { return printNumbers; }
  73.             set
  74.             {
  75.                 printNumbers = value;
  76.                 RaisePropertyChanged();
  77.             }
  78.         }
  79.        //任务数
  80.         public int TaskCount
  81.         {
  82.             get { return taskCount; }
  83.             set { taskCount = value; RaisePropertyChanged(); }
  84.         }
  85.         //主窗体视图模型
  86.           public MainWindowViewModel()
  87.         {
  88.             TasksModel = new TaskModel(); 
  89.             StartButtonCommand = new DelegateCommand(TaskExecutionOrder);
  90.             AddTaskCommand = new DelegateCommand(SelectedTaskExecution);
  91.             ClearAllData = new DelegateCommand(ClearData);
  92.             Task.Run(() => ExecuteTasks());
  93.         }
  94.         //添加（选择的radiobuttion）任务按钮 委托命令   
  95.         private void SelectedTaskExecution()
  96.         {
  97.             if(isEvenChecked)
  98.             {
  99.                 Task.Run(()=>EvenNumbers());
  100.             }
  101.             else if(isOddChecked)
  102.             {
  103.                 Task.Run(()=>OddNumbers());
  104.             }
  105.             else
  106.             {
  107.                 this.PrintNumbers += "Please select any one Task to be executed"+"\n"; 
  108.             }
  109.         }
  110.         //开始按钮委托命令  ：执行 奇数、偶数任务
  111.         public void TaskExecutionOrder()
  112.         {
  113.             queue.Enqueue(OddNumbers);
  114.             queue.Enqueue(EvenNumbers);
  115.             taskCount = queue.Count;
  116.         }
  117.         //开始按钮执行异步任务
  118.         private async void ExecuteTasks()
  119.         {
  120.             
  121.             while (true)
  122.             {
  123.                 Action task = null;
  124.                 lock (queuelock)
  125.                 {
  126.                     if (queue.Count > 0)
  127.                     {
  128.                         task = queue.Dequeue();//取出一个任务操作
  129.                     }
  130.                 }
  131.                 if (task != null)
  132.                 {
  133.                     await Task.Run(() =>
  134.                     {
  135.                         task.Invoke();
  136.                         Thread.Sleep(100);
  137.                     });
  138.                 }
  139.  
  140.             }
  141.         }
  142.         //偶数任务操作
  143.         private void EvenNumbers()
  144.         {       //线程池线程 调用UI控件绑定属性
  145.                  Dispatcher.CurrentDispatcher.Invoke(() =>
  146.                 {
  147.                     this.PrintNumbers += Environment.NewLine;
  148.                     this.PrintNumbers += Environment.NewLine;
  149.                     this.PrintNumbers += "EvenNumbers between 1 to 100" + Environment.NewLine + "Task:" + " " + taskNumber.ToString();
  150.                     this.PrintNumbers += Environment.NewLine;
  151.                     this.ExecutionOrder += "Task:" + taskNumber.ToString() + "-Started " + "\n";
  152.  
  153.                 });
  154.  
  155.             for (int i = 0; i <= 100; i++)//偶数
  156.             {
  157.                 Dispatcher.CurrentDispatcher.Invoke(() =>
  158.                 {
  159.                     if (i % 2 == 0)
  160.                     {
  161.                         this.PrintNumbers += i.ToString() + " ";
  162.                         Thread.Sleep(10);
  163.                     }
  164.                 });
  165.             }
  166.  
  167.             this.ExecutionOrder += "Task:" + taskNumber.ToString() + "-Stopped" + "\n";
  168.             taskNumber++;
  169.             Thread.Sleep(1000);
  170.         }
  171.         //奇数任务操作
  172.         private void OddNumbers()
  173.         {
  174.                 Dispatcher.CurrentDispatcher.Invoke(() =>
  175.                {
  176.                    this.PrintNumbers += Environment.NewLine;
  177.                    this.PrintNumbers += Environment.NewLine;
  178.                    this.PrintNumbers += "OddNumbers between 1 to 100" + Environment.NewLine + "Task:" + " " + taskNumber.ToString();
  179.                    this.PrintNumbers += Environment.NewLine;
  180.                    this.ExecutionOrder += "Task:" + taskNumber.ToString() + "-Started" + "\n";
  181.  
  182.                });
  183.                 for (int i = 0; i <= 100; i++)
  184.                 {
  185.  
  186.                     Dispatcher.CurrentDispatcher.Invoke(() =>
  187.                     {
  188.                         if (i % 2 != 0)//奇数
  189.                         {
  190.                             this.PrintNumbers += i.ToString() + " ";
  191.  
  192.                             Thread.Sleep(10);
  193.                         }
  194.  
  195.                     });
  196.  
  197.                 }
  198.                 
  199.                 this.ExecutionOrder += "Task:" + taskNumber.ToString() + "-Stopped" + "\n";
  200.                 taskNumber++;//下一任务号
  201.                 Thread.Sleep(1000);
  202.             
  203.         }
  204.         //清空按钮 委托命令
  205.         private void ClearData()
  206.         {
  207.             PrintNumbers = string.Empty;//文本框显示的内容
  208.            
  209.         }
  210.        
  211.     }
  212. }

任务模型 TaskModel.cs----未使用

  1. using System;
  2. using System.Collections.Generic;
  3. using System.ComponentModel;
  4. using System.Linq;
  5. using System.Text;
  6. using System.Threading.Tasks;
  7.  
  8. namespace MultiThreadingWPF.Model 
  9. {
  10.     public class TaskModel : INotifyPropertyChanged
  11.     {
  12.         private string TaskName { get; set; }  //任务名
  13.         private string PrintNumbers { get; set; } //打印的字符串
  14.  
  15.         public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged; //属性改变事件
  16.     }
  17. }

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