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今天在安装Python第三方库时,提示pip需要升级,没有多想直接升级,结果报错:
- 1 ERROR: Could not install packages due to an OSError: [WinError 5] 拒绝访问。: 'd:\\python\\scripts\\pip.exe'
- 2 Consider using the `--user` option or check the permissions.
报错处理
从报错信息看,大概是权限问题,于是使用管理员身份运行CMD,再次升级依旧报错。
- D:\Python\Lib\site-packages>pip install --upgrade pip
- Requirement already satisfied: pip in d:\python\lib\site-packages (21.1.1)
- Collecting pip
- Downloading pip-23.0.1-py3-none-any.whl (2.1 MB)
- |████████████████████████████████| 2.1 MB 2.2 MB/s
- Installing collected packages: pip
- Attempting uninstall: pip
- Found existing installation: pip 21.1.1
- Uninstalling pip-21.1.1:
- ERROR: Could not install packages due to an OSError: [WinError 5] 拒绝访问。: 'd:\\python\\scripts\\pip.exe'
- Consider using the `--user` option or check the permissions.
升级时PyCharm未关闭,联想到之前处理过的报错,查看了 D:\Python\Lib\site-packages 目录,果然pip相关的两个文件夹已经不在了。此时执行命令报错:
- D:\Python\Lib\site-packages>pip install --upgrade pip
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- File "d:\python\lib\runpy.py", line 194, in _run_module_as_main
- return _run_code(code, main_globals, None,
- File "d:\python\lib\runpy.py", line 87, in _run_code
- exec(code, run_globals)
- File "D:\Python\Scripts\pip.exe\__main__.py", line 4, in <module>
- ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'pip'
最终解决方法,先执行 python -m ensurepip 命令,再升级pip。
- D:\Python\Lib\site-packages>python -m ensurepip
- WARNING: Ignoring invalid distribution -ip (d:\python\lib\site-packages)
- WARNING: Ignoring invalid distribution -ip (d:\python\lib\site-packages)
- Looking in links: c:\Users\EDISON~1\AppData\Local\Temp\tmphubo0umq
- Requirement already satisfied: setuptools in d:\python\lib\site-packages (56.0.0)
- Processing c:\users\edisonyao\appdata\local\temp\tmphubo0umq\pip-21.1.1-py3-none-any.whl
- WARNING: Ignoring invalid distribution -ip (d:\python\lib\site-packages)
- Installing collected packages: pip
- WARNING: Ignoring invalid distribution -ip (d:\python\lib\site-packages)
- Successfully installed pip-21.1.1
- D:\Python\Lib\site-packages>python -m pip install --upgrade pip
- WARNING: Ignoring invalid distribution -ip (d:\python\lib\site-packages)
- WARNING: Ignoring invalid distribution -ip (d:\python\lib\site-packages)
- Requirement already satisfied: pip in d:\python\lib\site-packages (21.1.1)
- Collecting pip
- Using cached pip-23.0.1-py3-none-any.whl (2.1 MB)
- WARNING: Ignoring invalid distribution -ip (d:\python\lib\site-packages)
- Installing collected packages: pip
- Attempting uninstall: pip
- WARNING: Ignoring invalid distribution -ip (d:\python\lib\site-packages)
- Found existing installation: pip 21.1.1
- Uninstalling pip-21.1.1:
- Successfully uninstalled pip-21.1.1
- WARNING: Ignoring invalid distribution -ip (d:\python\lib\site-packages)
- Successfully installed pip-23.0.1
- WARNING: Ignoring invalid distribution -ip (d:\python\lib\site-packages)
- WARNING: Ignoring invalid distribution -ip (d:\python\lib\site-packages)
- WARNING: Ignoring invalid distribution -ip (d:\python\lib\site-packages)
ensurepip 包为在已有的Python安装实例或虚拟环境中引导 pip 安装器提供了支持。需要使用引导才能使用pip的这一事实也正好反映了 pip 是一个独立的项目,有其自己的发布周期,其最新版本随CPython解释器的维护版本和新特性版本一同捆绑。
在大多数情况下,Python的终端使用者不需要直接调用这个模块( pip 默认应该已被引导),不过,如果在安装Python(或创建虚拟环境)时跳过了安装 pip 步骤,或者使用过程中卸载了 pip ,则需要使用这个模块。
最常用的调用命令:python -m ensurepip ,其含义是在未安装pip的情况下安装pip,若已安装则不做任何处理。
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