C语言实现的WebSocket服务_websocket c

废话不说, 直接上代码:

头文件:

#if !defined(_WEBSOCKET_H_)
#define _WEBSOCKET_H_

// 引入 APR 相关头文件
#include <apr-1/apr.h>
#include <apr-1/apr_version.h>
#include <apr-1/apr_env.h>
#include <apr-1/apr_general.h>
#include <apr-1/apr_atomic.h>
#include <apr-1/apr_thread_proc.h>		// 线程支持
#include <apr-1/apr_thread_mutex.h>		// 锁
#include <apr-1/apr_thread_rwlock.h>	// 读写锁
#include <apr-1/apr_thread_pool.h>		// 线程池
#include <apr-1/apr_thread_cond.h>		// 条件
#include <apr-1/apr_time.h>				// 时间
#include <apr-1/apr_network_io.h>		// 网络
#include <apr-1/apr_portable.h>			// 端口
#include <apr-1/apr_pools.h>			// 内存池
#include <apr-1/apr_signal.h>			// 信号
#include <apr-1/apr_hash.h>				// 哈希表
#include <apr-1/apr_strings.h>			// 字符串
#include <apr-1/apr_queue.h>			// 队列
#include <apr-1/apr_fnmatch.h>			// 字符串匹配
#include <apr-1/apr_tables.h>
#include <apr-1/apr_getopt.h>
#include <apr-1/apr_sha1.h>
#include <apr-1/apr_poll.h>
#include <apr-1/apr_base64.h>
#include <apr-1/apr_sha1.h>
#include <apr-1/apr_strmatch.h>

typedef struct websocket_t websocket_t;
typedef struct websocket_client_t websocket_client_t;
typedef void (*ws_handler)(websocket_client_t*, const char*, int);

websocket_t* websocket_create(int port);
void websocket_destroy(websocket_t* ws);

int websocket_send(websocket_client_t* client, struct evbuffer* evb);
int websocket_send2(websocket_client_t* client, const char* data, size_t size);

// 需要设置处理函数
void websocket_set_handler(websocket_t* ws, const char* path, ws_handler handler);

#endif //!defined(WEBSOCKET_H_)

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C文件:

#include "websocket.h"

#define WS_KEY_NAME "Sec-WebSocket-Key"
#define WS_GUID	"258EAFA5-E914-47DA-95CA-C5AB0DC85B11"

// opcode.
enum
{
	OPCODE_SLICE = 0,	///< 数据分片, 其中一片
	OPCODE_TEXT_FRAME = 1,	///< 文本
	OPCODE_BINARY_FRAME = 2,	///< 二进制数据
	OPCODE_DISCONNECT = 8,	///< 连接断开.
	OPCODE_PING = 9,
	OPCODE_PONG = 10,
};

//定义websocket 头部操作数 (下面利用了结构体的位域  给每个变量分配空间)
typedef struct websocket_ophdr_t websocket_ophdr_t;
struct websocket_ophdr_t
{   //websocket   operator holder 操作符
	//注意opcode对应的是高位，fin是低位。（要根据网络字节序来）
	unsigned char opcode : 4;
	unsigned char rsv3 : 1;
	unsigned char rsv2 : 1;
	unsigned char rsv1 : 1;
	unsigned char fin : 1;

	unsigned char pl_len : 7;
	unsigned char mask : 1;
};

// 连接的客户端
struct websocket_client_t
{
	apr_pool_t* pool;
	apr_socket_t* socket;
	apr_pollfd_t pollfd;
	apr_byte_t handshark;

	char* ip;
	char* url;
	char buffer[4096];
	char zero;
	int buffer_size;

	ws_handler handler;

	websocket_client_t* next;
	websocket_client_t* prev;
};

// 处理函数映射关系
struct websocket_handler_t
{
	const char* pattern;
	size_t size;
	ws_handler handler;
	struct websocket_handler_t* next;
};

// 服务信息
struct websocket_t
{
	apr_pool_t* pool;
	apr_socket_t* socket;
	apr_pollset_t* pollset;
	apr_thread_t* thread;
	apr_pollfd_t server;
	apr_byte_t running;
	apr_thread_rwlock_t* lock;
	struct websocket_handler_t* handlers;
	websocket_client_t* clients;
};

static void websocket_handshark(websocket_t* ws, websocket_client_t* client, const char* buf);
static void websocket_remove(websocket_t* ws, websocket_client_t* client);
static void websocket_receiver(websocket_t* ws, websocket_client_t* client);
static void websocket_accept(websocket_t* ws);
static int websocket_transmission(websocket_client_t* client, char* buf, int len);

static void* APR_THREAD_FUNC websocket_thread(apr_thread_t* thread, void* param);


websocket_t* websocket_create(int port)
{
	apr_pool_t* pool;
	websocket_t* ws = NULL;


	apr_pool_create(&pool, 0);
	ws = apr_pcalloc(pool, sizeof(*ws));
	ws->pool = pool;

	apr_thread_rwlock_create(&ws->lock, pool);
	apr_pollset_create_ex(&ws->pollset, 100, pool,
		APR_POLLSET_EPOLL | APR_POLLSET_THREADSAFE | APR_POLLSET_NOCOPY,
		APR_POLLSET_EPOLL);

	ws->socket = socket_create((apr_port_t)port, pool);
	if (NULL == ws->socket)
	{
		apr_pool_destroy(pool);
		return NULL;
	}

	apr_socket_listen(ws->socket, 5);

	ws->server.desc.s = ws->socket;
	ws->server.desc_type = APR_POLL_SOCKET;
	ws->server.reqevents = APR_POLLIN;
	ws->server.client_data = NULL;
	apr_pollset_add(ws->pollset, &ws->server);

	dzlog_info("websocket listen on port %u", port);

	ws->running = TRUE;
	apr_thread_create(&ws->thread, NULL, &websocket_thread, ws, pool);

	return ws;
}

void websocket_destroy(websocket_t* ws)
{
	if (NULL == ws)
		return;
	dzlog_info("destroy websocket");

	if (ws->socket)
		apr_socket_close(ws->socket);
	if (ws->pollset)
		apr_pollset_destroy(ws->pollset);

	apr_thread_rwlock_wrlock(ws->lock);
	if (ws->clients)
	{
		websocket_client_t* ptr, * next;
		ptr = ws->clients;
		while (ptr)
		{
			apr_socket_close(ptr->socket);
			next = ptr->next;
			apr_pool_destroy(ptr->pool);
			ptr = next;
		}
		ws->clients = NULL;
	}
	apr_thread_rwlock_unlock(ws->lock);

	apr_pool_destroy(ws->pool);
}

void websocket_set_handler(websocket_t* ws, const char* path, ws_handler handler)
{
	struct websocket_handler_t* ptr;
	ptr = apr_pcalloc(ws->pool, sizeof(*ptr));
	ptr->pattern = apr_pstrdup(ws->pool, path);
	ptr->size = strlen(ptr->pattern);
	ptr->handler = handler;

	apr_thread_rwlock_wrlock(ws->lock);
	ptr->next = ws->handlers;
	ws->handlers = ptr;
	apr_thread_rwlock_unlock(ws->lock);
}

static void websocket_accept(websocket_t* ws)
{
	apr_pool_t* pool;
	apr_sockaddr_t* addr;
	websocket_client_t* client;

	apr_pool_create(&pool, 0);
	client = apr_pcalloc(pool, sizeof(*client));
	client->pool = pool;
	client->handshark = FALSE;

	if (APR_SUCCESS != apr_socket_accept(&client->socket, ws->socket, pool))
	{
		dzlog_error("accept failed");
		apr_pool_destroy(pool);
		return;
	}

	apr_socket_opt_set(client->socket, APR_SO_NONBLOCK, 1);
	apr_socket_opt_set(client->socket, APR_SO_LINGER, 1);

	client->pollfd.client_data = client;
	client->pollfd.desc.s = client->socket;
	client->pollfd.desc_type = APR_POLL_SOCKET;
	client->pollfd.reqevents = APR_POLLIN;

	apr_thread_rwlock_wrlock(ws->lock);
	client->next = ws->clients;
	if (ws->clients)
	{
		ws->clients->prev = client;
	}
	ws->clients = client;
	apr_thread_rwlock_unlock(ws->lock);

	if (APR_SUCCESS != apr_pollset_add(ws->pollset, &client->pollfd))
	{
		websocket_remove(ws, client);
		return;
	}

	if (APR_SUCCESS == apr_socket_addr_get(&addr, APR_REMOTE, client->socket))
	{
		char buf[64];
		if (APR_SUCCESS == apr_sockaddr_ip_getbuf(buf, sizeof(buf), addr))
		{
			dzlog_info("accept a connection, from: %s", buf);
			client->ip = apr_pstrdup(pool, buf);
		}
	}
	if (NULL == client->ip) client->ip = "unknown";
}

static void websocket_handshark(websocket_t* ws, websocket_client_t* client, const char* buf)
{
	char data[512];
	char sec_data[128] = { 0 };
	const char* str, * p;
	const char* url;
	apr_size_t len;

	// 先找到URL
	if (0 != strncmp(buf, "GET ", 4))
		return;
	url = buf + 4;
	str = strchr(url, ' ');
	if (NULL == str)
		return;
	//if ((int)(str - url) >= sizeof(client->url))
	//	return;
	//strncpy(client->url, url, (size_t)(str - url));
	client->url = apr_pstrndup(client->pool, url, (apr_size_t)(str - url));

	str = strstr(buf, WS_KEY_NAME);
	if (NULL == str)
		return;

	str = strchr(str, ':');
	if (NULL == str)return;
	str++;
	while (' ' == *str) str++;
	p = strchr(str, '\r');
	if (NULL == p) return;
	len = (apr_size_t)(p - str);
	if (len + (apr_size_t)sizeof(WS_GUID) >= (apr_size_t)sizeof(data))
		return;

	strncpy(data, str, (size_t)len);
	strncpy(data + len, WS_GUID, (size_t)sizeof(WS_GUID));

	assert((int)strlen(data) == len + (int)sizeof(WS_GUID) - 1);
	//apr_sha1_base64(data, len + (int)sizeof(WS_GUID) - 1, sec_data);

	apr_sha1_ctx_t ctx = { 0 };
	unsigned char digest[APR_SHA1_DIGESTSIZE] = { 0 };
	apr_sha1_init(&ctx);
	apr_sha1_update(&ctx, data, (unsigned int)len + (unsigned int)sizeof(WS_GUID) - 1);
	apr_sha1_final(digest, &ctx);
	apr_base64_encode(sec_data, (const char*)digest, APR_SHA1_DIGESTSIZE);

	len = (apr_size_t)snprintf(data, sizeof(data),
		"HTTP/1.1 101 Switching Protocols\r\n"
		"Upgrade: websocket\r\n"
		"Connection: Upgrade\r\n"
		"Sec-WebSocket-Accept: %s\r\n\r\n",
		sec_data);

	apr_status_t rv = apr_socket_send(client->socket, data, &len);
	if (APR_SUCCESS != rv)
	{
		apr_strerror(rv, data, sizeof(data));
		dzlog_error("failed to send: %s", data);
	}
	client->handshark = TRUE;

	// 匹配url. 设置handler. 如果没有, 则用默认规则.
	if (ws->handlers)
	{
		struct websocket_handler_t* ptr;

		apr_thread_rwlock_rdlock(ws->lock);
		ptr = ws->handlers;
		while (ptr)
		{
			if (!av_strncasecmp(client->url, ptr->pattern, ptr->size))
			{
				client->handler = ptr->handler;
				break;
			}
			if (APR_SUCCESS == apr_fnmatch(ptr->pattern, client->url, 0))
			{
				client->handler = ptr->handler;
				break;
			}
			ptr = ptr->next;
		}
		apr_thread_rwlock_unlock(ws->lock);
	}

	dzlog_info("handshark success, from: %s", client->ip);
}

static inline void websocket_umask(uint8_t* payload, int length, uint8_t* mask_key)
{
	int i = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < length; i++)
	{
		payload[i] ^= mask_key[i % 4];
	}
}

int websocket_send(websocket_client_t* client, struct evbuffer* evb)
{
	size_t len = evbuffer_get_length(evb);
	const char* data = (const char*)evbuffer_pullup(evb, (ssize_t)len);
	return websocket_send2(client, data, len);
}

int websocket_send2(websocket_client_t* client, const char* data, size_t size)
{
	// 发送非加密数据.

	struct iovec v[2] = { 0 };
	unsigned char header[10];
	size_t header_len = 0;
	apr_size_t bytes;

	// 固定的头
	header[0] = 0x81;
	if (size < 126)
	{
		header[1] = (uint8_t)size; // 最高bit为0，
		header_len = 2;
	}
	else if (size <= 0xffff)
	{
		header[1] = 126;
		*(uint16_t*)(header + 2) = htons((uint16_t)size);
		header_len = 4;
	}
	else
	{
		header[1] = 127;
		*(uint32_t*)(header + 2) = htonl((uint32_t)size);
		header[6] = 0;
		header[7] = 0;
		header[8] = 0;
		header[9] = 0;
		header_len = 10;
	}

	v[0].iov_len = header_len;
	v[0].iov_base = header;

	v[1].iov_len = size;
	v[1].iov_base = (void*)data;

	if (APR_SUCCESS != apr_socket_sendv(client->socket, v, 2, &bytes))
		return -1;
	return (int)(bytes - header_len);
}

static int websocket_transmission(websocket_client_t* client, char* buf, int len)
{
	// 收到ws消息.
	websocket_ophdr_t* hdr;
	uint8_t* payload = NULL;
	int plen, hlen;

	if (client->buffer_size > 0)
	{
		if (client->buffer_size + len >= (int)sizeof(client->buffer))
		{
			// 太长了.
			client->buffer_size = 0;
			return -1;
		}
		memcpy(client->buffer + client->buffer_size, buf, (size_t)len);
		buf = client->buffer;
		len += client->buffer_size;
	}

	while (len > 0)
	{
		hdr = (websocket_ophdr_t*)buf;
		if (hdr->opcode != OPCODE_TEXT_FRAME)
		{
			len = 0;
			break;
		}

		if (hdr->pl_len < 126)
		{
			plen = hdr->pl_len;
			hlen = 2;
		}
		else if (hdr->pl_len == 126)
		{
			plen = (int)ntohs(*(uint16_t*)(buf + sizeof(websocket_ophdr_t)));
			hlen = 4;
		}
		else
		{
			plen = (int)ntohl(*(uint32_t*)(buf + sizeof(websocket_ophdr_t)));
			hlen = 10;
		}

		if (hdr->mask)
		{
			if (plen + hlen + 4 > len)
			{
				// 长度不够.
				break;
			}

			payload = (uint8_t*)(buf + hlen + 4);
			websocket_umask(payload, (int)plen, (uint8_t*)(buf + hlen));

			buf += plen + hlen + 4;
			len -= (plen + hlen + 4);
		}
		else
		{
			assert(plen + hlen == len);
			if (plen + hlen > len)
			{
				break;
			}

			payload = (uint8_t*)(buf + hlen);
			buf += plen + hlen;
			len -= (plen + hlen);
		}
		payload[plen] = 0;

		// 进行处理
		if (client->handler)
		{
			client->handler(client, (const char*)payload, plen);
		}
	}

	if (len > 0)
	{
		memcpy(client->buffer, buf, (size_t)len);
		client->buffer_size = len;
	}
	else
	{
		client->buffer_size = 0;
	}

	//	client->update_time = apr_time_now();

	return 0;
}

static void websocket_remove(websocket_t* ws, websocket_client_t* client)
{
	websocket_client_t* next, * prev;

	apr_pollset_remove(ws->pollset, &client->pollfd);

	apr_thread_rwlock_wrlock(ws->lock);
	next = client->next;
	prev = client->prev;
	if (prev) prev->next = next;
	else ws->clients = next;
	if (next) next->prev = prev;
	apr_thread_rwlock_unlock(ws->lock);

	dzlog_info("remove websocket, from:%s", client->ip);
	apr_socket_close(client->socket);
	apr_pool_destroy(client->pool);
}

static void websocket_receiver(websocket_t* ws, websocket_client_t* client)
{
	char buf[4096] = { 0 };
	apr_size_t len = sizeof(buf);

	if (APR_SUCCESS != apr_socket_recv(client->socket, buf, &len))
	{
		// 异常, 那么断开.
		websocket_remove(ws, client);
		return;
	}

	if (len > 0)
	{
		buf[len] = '\0';
		if (client->handshark)
		{
			websocket_transmission(client, buf, (int)len);
		}
		else
		{
			websocket_handshark(ws, client, buf);
		}
	}
}

//static void websocket_check_timeout(websocket_t* ws)
//{
//	websocket_client_t* ptr, * next, * prev;
//	apr_time_t now = apr_time_now();
//
//	if (now - ws->check_time < 60 * 1000 * 1000L)
//		return;
//
//	ws->check_time = now;
//
//	apr_thread_rwlock_wrlock(ws->lock);
//
//	ptr = ws->clients;
//	while (ptr)
//	{
//		if (now - ptr->update_time >= 10 * 1000 * 1000L)
//		{
//			// 超过10秒无消息, 则释放
//
//			apr_pollset_remove(ws->pollset, &ptr->pollfd);
//
//			next = ptr->next;
//			prev = ptr->prev;
//			if (prev) prev->next = next;
//			else ws->clients = next;
//			if (next) next->prev = prev;
//
//			dzlog_warn("websocket timeout, from:%s", ptr->ip);
//
//			apr_socket_close(ptr->socket);
//			apr_pool_destroy(ptr->pool);
//
//			ptr = next;
//		}
//		else
//		{
//			ptr = ptr->next;
//		}
//	}
//	apr_thread_rwlock_unlock(ws->lock);
//
//}

static void* APR_THREAD_FUNC websocket_thread(apr_thread_t* thread, void* param)
{
	// 不追求极致性能, 使用单个线程处理所有websocket请求.

	websocket_t* ws = param;
	apr_int32_t i, num;
	const apr_pollfd_t* descriptors;

	apr_thread_detach(thread);

#if defined(_DEBUG)
	apr_thread_rwlock_wrlock(ws->lock);
	dzlog_debug("start websocket ");
	apr_thread_rwlock_unlock(ws->lock);
#endif

	while (ws->running)
	{
		if (APR_SUCCESS == apr_pollset_poll(ws->pollset, 100 * 1000L, &num, &descriptors))
		{
			for (i = num - 1; i >= 0; i--)
			{
				if (descriptors[i].client_data)
				{
					// 客户端.
					websocket_receiver(ws, (websocket_client_t*)descriptors[i].client_data);
				}
				else
				{
					// 服务端
					websocket_accept(ws);
				}
			}
		}
		//else
		//{
		//	// 每分钟检查一次, 长时间无消息的删除掉.
		//	websocket_check_timeout(ws);
		//}
	}
	return NULL;
}


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使用

#include "websocket.h"

ws = websocket_create(80);
websocket_set_handler(ws, "/api", &websocket_handler);


static void websocket_handler(websocket_client_t* client, const char* body, int size)
{
	cJSON * root = cJSON_Parse(body);
	// 处理WebSocket的请求
	...
	
	// 返回数据
	websocket_send2(client, data, size);
}
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