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『牛角书』鸿蒙——简易通讯录项目开发_鸿蒙开发项目简历

作者：知新_RL | 2024-03-25 10:00:30

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鸿蒙开发项目简历

目录


# 简易通讯录小项目

作为一名初级学者来说，这个小项目适合初学者，综合多个文章，写出了此篇文章，如有不足，还请担待。

CV一下代码，一小时内也能运行，适合新手接触鸿蒙，想做一个有意思的小项目的朋友们。欢迎大家点赞收藏，支持~

什么是鸿蒙

鸿蒙目前作为主流的华为国产新系统，在某种程度上，热度空前的高。所以萌生的想了解一下鸿蒙的初步的开端。

正文开始

1.项目运行


系统：windows11 DevEco Studio

2.代码示例

2.1 前端代码示例

主要由text和btton控件完成 颜色随机
  • 1.
  1. <DirectionalLayout
  2.     xmlns:ohos="http://schemas.huawei.com/res/ohos"
  3.     ohos:height="match_parent"
  4.     ohos:width="match_parent"
  5.     ohos:orientation="vertical"
  6.     >
  7.     <Text
  8.         ohos:height="match_content"
  9.         ohos:width="match_content"
  10.         ohos:background_element="$graphic:background_ability_main"
  11.         ohos:layout_alignment="horizontal_center"
  12.         ohos:text="简易通讯录"
  13.         ohos:text_size="80"
  14.         ohos:margin="15vp"
  15.         />
  16.     <TextField
  17.         ohos:id="$+id:tf_id"
  18.         ohos:height="match_content"
  19.         ohos:width="match_parent"
  20.         ohos:layout_alignment="horizontal_center"
  21.         ohos:hint="请输入编号"
  22.         ohos:text="编号"
  23.         ohos:basement="#000099"
  24.         ohos:text_size="60"
  25.         ohos:text_color="red"
  26.         ohos:top_margin="10vp"
  27.         ohos:left_margin="50vp"
  28.         ohos:right_margin="50vp"
  29.         />
  30.     <TextField
  31.         ohos:id="$+id:tf_name"
  32.         ohos:height="match_content"
  33.         ohos:width="match_parent"
  34.         ohos:basement="#000099"
  35.         ohos:layout_alignment="horizontal_center"
  36.         ohos:hint="请输入姓名"
  37.         ohos:text="姓名"
  38.         ohos:text_size="60"
  39.         ohos:text_color="red"
  40.         ohos:top_margin="10vp"
  41.         ohos:left_margin="50vp"
  42.         ohos:right_margin="50vp"
  43.         />
  44.     <TextField
  45.         ohos:id="$+id:tf_sex"
  46.         ohos:height="match_content"
  47.         ohos:width="match_parent"
  48.         ohos:basement="#000099"
  49.         ohos:layout_alignment="horizontal_center"
  50.         ohos:hint="请输入性别"
  51.         ohos:text="性别"
  52.         ohos:text_size="60"
  53.         ohos:text_color="red"
  54.         ohos:top_margin="10vp"
  55.         ohos:left_margin="50vp"
  56.         ohos:right_margin="50vp"
  57.         />
  58.     <TextField
  59.         ohos:id="$+id:tf_age"
  60.         ohos:height="match_content"
  61.         ohos:width="match_parent"
  62.         ohos:basement="#000099"
  63.         ohos:layout_alignment="horizontal_center"
  64.         ohos:hint="请输入手机号"
  65.         ohos:text="手机号"
  66.         ohos:text_size="60"
  67.         ohos:text_color="red"
  68.         ohos:top_margin="10vp"
  69.         ohos:left_margin="50vp"
  70.         ohos:right_margin="50vp"
  71.         />
  72.     <DirectionalLayout
  73.         ohos:height="match_content"
  74.         ohos:width="match_parent"
  75.         ohos:orientation="horizontal"
  76.         ohos:alignment="horizontal_center"
  77.         >
  78.     <Button
  79.         ohos:id="$+id:btn_add"
  80.         ohos:height="match_content"
  81.         ohos:width="match_content"
  82.         ohos:clickable="true"
  83.         ohos:text="  添 加  "
  84.         ohos:text_size="60"
  85.         ohos:background_element="green"
  86.         ohos:margin="15vp"
  87.         />
  88.     <Button
  89.         ohos:id="$+id:btn_delete"
  90.         ohos:height="match_content"
  91.         ohos:width="match_content"
  92.         ohos:clickable="true"
  93.         ohos:text="  删 除  "
  94.         ohos:text_size="60"
  95.         ohos:background_element="green"
  96.         ohos:margin="15vp"
  97.         />
  98.     <Button
  99.         ohos:id="$+id:btn_update"
  100.         ohos:height="match_content"
  101.         ohos:width="match_content"
  102.         ohos:clickable="true"
  103.         ohos:text="  修 改  "
  104.         ohos:text_size="60"
  105.         ohos:background_element="green"
  106.         ohos:margin="15vp"
  107.         />
  108.     </DirectionalLayout>
  109.     <Button
  110.         ohos:id="$+id:btn_query"
  111.         ohos:height="match_content"
  112.         ohos:width="match_content"
  113.         ohos:clickable="true"
  114.         ohos:text="  查询全部数据  "
  115.         ohos:text_size="60"
  116.         ohos:layout_alignment="horizontal_center"
  117.         ohos:background_element="yellow"
  118.         ohos:margin="10vp"
  119.         />
  120.     <Text
  121.         ohos:id="$+id:t_show"
  122.         ohos:height="match_parent"
  123.         ohos:width="match_parent"
  124.         ohos:text=""
  125.         ohos:multiple_lines="true"
  126.         ohos:text_size="50"
  127.         ohos:layout_alignment="horizontal_center"
  128.         ohos:text_alignment="start"
  129.         ohos:background_element="#22C9C9C9"
  130.         ohos:margin="10vp"
  131.         />
  132. </DirectionalLayout>

2.3后端数据库创建

  1. public void onStart(Intent intent) {
  2.         super.onStart(intent);
  3.         super.setUIContent(ResourceTable.Layout_ability_main);
  4.         //初始化数据库
  5.         initDB();
  6.         //初始化组件
  7.         initCompoment();
  8.     }
  9.  
  10.     //初始化数据库
  11.     private void initDB() {
  12.         config = StoreConfig.newDefaultConfig(DB_NAME);
  13.         dbHelper = new DatabaseHelper(this);
  14.         //回调初始化
  15.         rdbOpenCallback = new RdbOpenCallback() {
  16.             @Override
  17.             public void onCreate(RdbStore store) {
  18.                 //创建表
  19.                 store.executeSql("create table if not exists "
  20.                         + TABLE_NAME + " ("
  21.                         + COLUMN_ID + " integer primary key, "
  22.                         + COLUMN_NAME + " text not null, "
  23.                         + COLUMN_SEX + " , "
  24.                         + COLUMN_AGE + " integer)");
  25.             }
  26.  
  27.             @Override
  28.             public void onUpgrade(RdbStore store, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
  29.             }
  30.         };
  31.         //创建数据库
  32.         rdbStore = dbHelper.getRdbStore(config, DB_VERSION, rdbOpenCallback, null);
  33.     }

2.3 思路

用增加，删除，修改和查询 来保证通讯录的运行
> 联系人信息添加至数据库中，
> 在数据库中存储，通过编号查询联系人信息，
> 可用修改来及时更新联系人信息。

  1. //初始化组件
  2.     private void initCompoment() {
  3.         //编号
  4.         tf_id = (TextField) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_tf_id);
  5.         //姓名
  6.         tf_name = (TextField) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_tf_name);
  7.         //性别
  8.         tf_sex = (TextField) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_tf_sex);
  9.         //年龄
  10.         tf_age = (TextField) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_tf_age);
  11.  
  12.         //添加按钮
  13.         btn_add = (Button) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_btn_add);
  14.         //删除按钮
  15.         btn_delete = (Button) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_btn_delete);
  16.         //修改按钮
  17.         btn_update = (Button) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_btn_update);
  18.         //查询全部数据按钮
  19.         btn_query = (Button) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_btn_query);
  20.  
  21.         //显示文本
  22.         t_show = (Text) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_t_show);
  23.  
  24.         //设置按钮监听
  25.         setListener();
  26.     }
  27.  
  28.     private void setListener() {
  29.         //添加按钮监听
  30.         btn_add.setClickedListener(new Component.ClickedListener() {
  31.             @Override
  32.             public void onClick(Component component) {
  33.                 int id = Integer.parseInt(tf_id.getText());
  34.                 String name = tf_name.getText();
  35.                 String sex = tf_sex.getText();
  36.                 int age = Integer.parseInt(tf_age.getText());
  37.                 ToastDialog d = new ToastDialog(getContext());
  38.  
  39.                 //根据输入的数据，加入到数据表中
  40.                 if (id > 0 && name.length() > 0) {
  41.                     //准备添加数据
  42.                     ValuesBucket valuesBucket = new ValuesBucket();
  43.                     valuesBucket.putInteger(COLUMN_ID, id);
  44.                     valuesBucket.putString(COLUMN_NAME, name);
  45.                     valuesBucket.putString(COLUMN_SEX, sex);
  46.                     valuesBucket.putInteger(COLUMN_AGE, age);
  47.  
  48.                     //调用接口添加数据，返回-1表示失败
  49.                     long rowid = rdbStore.insert(TABLE_NAME, valuesBucket);
  50.                     if( rowid==-1 )
  51.                         d.setText("添加数据记录失败");
  52.                     else
  53.                         d.setText("添加数据记录成功");
  54.                 } else {
  55.                     d.setText("编号必须为非负整数且姓名不能为空");
  56.                 }
  57.                 //显示提示
  58.                 d.show();
  59.             }
  60.         });
  61.  
  62.         //删除按钮监听
  63.         btn_delete.setClickedListener(new Component.ClickedListener() {
  64.             @Override
  65.             public void onClick(Component component) {
  66.                 int id = Integer.parseInt(tf_id.getText());
  67.                 ToastDialog d = new ToastDialog(getContext());
  68.  
  69.                 //根据输入的编号，删除对应编号的记录
  70.                 if (id > 0) {
  71.                     //设置删除条件
  72.                     RdbPredicates predicates = new RdbPredicates(TABLE_NAME);
  73.                     predicates.equalTo(COLUMN_ID, id);
  74.  
  75.                     //调用接口删除记录，返回影响的记录数
  76.                     int rows = rdbStore.delete(predicates);
  77.                     d.setText("删除 " + rows + " 行记录");
  78.                 } else {
  79.                     d.setText("请输入编号");
  80.                 }
  81.                 //提示信息
  82.                 d.show();
  83.             }
  84.         });
  85.  
  86.         //修改按钮监听
  87.         btn_update.setClickedListener(new Component.ClickedListener() {
  88.             @Override
  89.             public void onClick(Component component) {
  90.                 int id = Integer.parseInt(tf_id.getText());
  91.                 String name = tf_name.getText();
  92.                 String sex = tf_sex.getText();
  93.                 int age = Integer.parseInt(tf_age.getText());
  94.                 ToastDialog d = new ToastDialog(getContext());
  95.  
  96.                 //修改对应编号的记录数据信息
  97.                 if (id > 0) {
  98.                     //设置修改的数据
  99.                     ValuesBucket valuesBucket = new ValuesBucket();
  100.                     valuesBucket.putString(COLUMN_NAME, name);
  101.                     valuesBucket.putString(COLUMN_SEX, sex);
  102.                     valuesBucket.putInteger(COLUMN_AGE, age);
  103.  
  104.                     //设置删除条件和数据的编号相等
  105.                     RdbPredicates predicates = new RdbPredicates(TABLE_NAME);
  106.                     predicates.equalTo(COLUMN_ID, id);
  107.  
  108.                     //调用接口进行数据修改，返回修改的记录数
  109.                     int rows = rdbStore.update(valuesBucket, predicates);
  110.                     if(rows>0)
  111.                         d.setText("修改了编号为 " + id + " 的记录");
  112.                     else
  113.                         d.setText("没有修改任何记录");
  114.                 } else {
  115.                     d.setText("请输入编号");
  116.                 }
  117.                 //提示显示
  118.                 d.show();
  119.             }
  120.         });
  121.  
  122.         //查询全部按钮监听
  123.         btn_query.setClickedListener(new Component.ClickedListener() {
  124.             @Override
  125.             public void onClick(Component component) {
  126.                 //查询条件
  127.                 RdbPredicates predicates = new RdbPredicates(TABLE_NAME);
  128.  
  129.                 String[] columns = new String[]{COLUMN_ID, COLUMN_NAME, COLUMN_SEX, COLUMN_AGE};
  130.  
  131.                 //调用query接口进行查询，返回结果集
  132.                 ResultSet resultSet = rdbStore.query(predicates, columns);
  133.                 if (resultSet.getRowCount() > 0) {
  134.                     resultSet.goToFirstRow();
  135.                     StringBuilder show = new StringBuilder();
  136.                     show.append("编号  姓名  性别  年龄" + System.lineSeparator());
  137.                     //遍历结果集
  138.                     do {
  139.                         int id = resultSet.getInt(resultSet.getColumnIndexForName(COLUMN_ID));
  140.                         String name = resultSet.getString(resultSet.getColumnIndexForName(COLUMN_NAME));
  141.                         String sex = resultSet.getString(resultSet.getColumnIndexForName(COLUMN_SEX));
  142.                         int age = resultSet.getInt(resultSet.getColumnIndexForName(COLUMN_AGE));
  143.                         show.append(id + "  " + name + "  " + sex + "    " + age);
  144.                         show.append(System.lineSeparator());
  145.                     } while (resultSet.goToNextRow());
  146.  
  147.                     //显示到Text中
  148.                     t_show.setText(show.toString());
  149.                 } else {
  150.                     t_show.setText("没有数据记录！");
  151.                 }
  152.             }
  153.         });
  154.     }

 **参考：**#星光计划2.0# HarmonyOS 项目实战之通讯录Demo(JS)-开源基础软件社区-51CTO.COM
 

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