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1.什么是Mybatis?
mybatis是一个支持普通sql查询,存储过程以及高级映射的持久层框架。
mybatis也称为ORM(对象关系映射框架),ORM就是一种为了解决面向对象与关系数据库中数据类型不匹配的技术,通过描述Java对象与数据库表之间的映射关系,自动地将应用程序中的对象持久化到关系数据库的表中。
2.Mybatis的工作原理?
(1)读取配置文件mybatis-config.xml;
(2)加载映射文件xxxMapper.xml;
(3)构建会话工厂SqlSession;
(4)构建会话对象SqlSession;
(5)Executor执行器,执行相关操作;
(6)MappedStatement对象;
(7)输入映射;
(8)输出映射;
3.查询客户,分为单条客户数据的精确查询和多条数据的模糊查询;
(1)精确查询:
例:select * from t_customer where id=#{id}
(2)模糊查询:
例:select * from t_customer where username like concat(’%’,#{username},’%’)
4.添加、更新、删除客户都需要在对应的测试方法中进行事物的提交commit()操作。
5.实际在单元测试中分5步完成mybatis框架的使用:
(1)读取配置文件mybatis-config.xml;
(2)根据配置文件创建会话工厂SqlSessionFactory;
(3)根据会话工厂创建会话SqlSession;
(4)会话执行相应的操作;
(5)关闭会话(若是增删改操作需要先提交事务);
(1)database.sql
#创建一个名称为mybatis的数据库 create database mybatis; #使用mybatis数据库 use mybatis; #创建t_customer的表 create table t_customer( id int(32) primary key auto_increment, username varchar(50), jobs varchar(50), phone varchar(16) ); #插入数据 insert into t_customer values('1','joy','doctor','17339821917'); insert into t_customer values('2','jack','teacher','17339821916'); insert into t_customer values('3','rose','student','17339821911'); insert into t_customer values('4','tom','cooker','17339821910');
(2)日志信息log4j.properties
# Global logging configuration
log4j.rootLogger=ERROR, stdout
# MyBatis logging configuration...
log4j.logger.com.wds=DEBUG
# Console output...
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%5p [%t] - %m%n
(3)配置文件mybatis-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"> <configuration> <!--1.配置环境--> <environments default="mysql"> <environment id="mysql"> <!--只用JDBC的事务管理--> <transactionManager type="JDBC"></transactionManager> <!--数据库连接池--> <dataSource type="POOLED"> <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/> <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis"/> <property name="username" value="root"/> <property name="password" value="12345678"/> </dataSource> </environment> </environments> <!--2.映射文件--> <mappers> <mapper resource="com/wds/po/CustomerMapper.xml"/> </mappers> </configuration>
(4)实体类Customer.java
package com.wds.po; public class Customer { private Integer id; private String username; private String jobs; private String phone; public Integer getId() { return id; } public void setId(Integer id) { this.id = id; } public String getUsername() { return username; } public void setUsername(String username) { this.username = username; } public String getJobs() { return jobs; } public void setJobs(String jobs) { this.jobs = jobs; } public String getPhone() { return phone; } public void setPhone(String phone) { this.phone = phone; } @Override public String toString() { return "Customer{" + "id=" + id + ", username='" + username + '\'' + ", jobs='" + jobs + '\'' + ", phone='" + phone + '\'' + '}'; } }
(5)映射文件CustomerMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="com.wds.po.Customer"> <select id="findCustomerById" parameterType="Integer" resultType="com.wds.po.Customer"> <!--#{id}相当于占位符?--> select * from t_customer where id = #{id} </select> <select id="findCustomerByName" parameterType="String" resultType="com.wds.po.Customer"> <!--select * t_customer where username like '%${value}%'--> <!--使用concat('%',#{username},'%')防止sql注入问题--> select * from t_customer where username like concat('%',#{username},'%') </select> <insert id="addCustomer" parameterType="com.wds.po.Customer"> insert into t_customer(username, jobs, phone) values (#{username}, #{jobs}, #{phone}) </insert> <update id="updateCustomer" parameterType="com.wds.po.Customer"> update t_customer set username = #{username}, jobs = #{jobs}, phone = #{phone} where id = #{id} </update> <delete id="deleteCustomer" parameterType="com.wds.po.Customer"> delete from t_customer where id = #{id} </delete> </mapper>
(6)测试类MybatisTest
package com.wds.test; import com.wds.po.Customer; import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder; import org.junit.Test; import java.io.InputStream; import java.util.List; public class MybatisTest { @Test /** * 单个客户数据的精确查询 */ public void findCustomerById() throws Exception{ //1.读取配置文件 String resource = "mybatis-config.xml"; InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource); //2.根据配置文件构建会话工厂SqlSessionFactory SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream); //3.根据sqlSessionFactory会话工厂创建对象SqlSession SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(); //4.sqlSession执行sql语句,返回结果 //第一个参数是sql的id,第二个参数是传入给sql的占位符的参数 Customer customer = sqlSession.selectOne("com.wds.po.Customer.findCustomerById",1); //5.输出结果 System.out.println(customer.toString()); //6.关闭sqlSession sqlSession.close(); } /** 根据客户名称模糊查询用户列表 */ @Test public void findCustomerByName() throws Exception{ //1.读取配置文件 String resource = "mybatis-config.xml"; InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource); //2.根据配置问价构建会话工厂SqlSessionFactory SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream); //3.根据sqlSessionFactory创建会话 SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(); //4.执行sqlSession List<Customer> customers = sqlSession.selectList("com.wds.po.Customer.findCustomerByName","j"); //5.输出结果 for(Customer customer:customers){ System.out.println(customer.toString()); } //6.关闭流 sqlSession.close(); } /** * 添加客户 */ @Test public void addCustomer() throws Exception{ //1.读取配置问价 String resource = "mybatis-config.xml"; InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource); //2.根据配置文件创建会话工厂 SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream); //3.根据会话工厂创建会话对象 SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(); //4.执行SqlSession //4.1 创建客户对象 Customer customer = new Customer(); customer.setUsername("东生"); customer.setJobs("coder"); customer.setPhone("18139954468"); //4.2 执行添加方法 //4.3第一个参数是sql的id,第二个是传给sql的占位符参数 int num = sqlSession.insert("com.wds.po.Customer.addCustomer", customer); if(num>0){ System.out.println("插入操作执行成功!!!"); }else { System.out.println("执行失败!!!"); } //4.4执行事务,提交事务 sqlSession.commit(); //5.关闭流 sqlSession.close(); } /** * 更新客户 */ @Test public void updateCustomer() throws Exception{ //1.读取配置问价 String resource = "mybatis-config.xml"; InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource); //2.根据配置文件创建会话工厂 SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream); //3.根据SqlSessionFactory创建会话 SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(); //4.执行操作 //4.1创建对象 Customer customer = new Customer(); customer.setId(1); customer.setUsername("吕憨憨"); customer.setJobs("doctor"); customer.setPhone("110256"); int num = sqlSession.update("com.wds.po.Customer.updateCustomer",customer); if(num>0){ System.out.println("您的修改已经成功!!"); } //4.3提交事务 sqlSession.commit(); //5.关闭 sqlSession.close(); } /** * 删除客户操作 */ @Test public void deleteCustomer() throws Exception{ //1.读取配置问价 String resource = "mybatis-config.xml"; InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource); //2.根据配置问价创建会话工厂 SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream); //3.根据会话工厂创建会话对象 SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(); //4.执行操作 int num = sqlSession.delete("com.wds.po.Customer.deleteCustomer",4); if(num>0){ System.out.println("删除操作执行成功!!!"); }else{ System.out.println("删除操作执行失败!!!"); } //提交事务,增删改都需要事务 sqlSession.commit(); //5.关闭会话 sqlSession.close(); } }
(1)精确查询
(2)模糊查询
(3)添加客户
(4)更新客户
(6)删除客户
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