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用JAVA创做学生管理系统_用java编写一个学生管理系统

作者：知新_RL | 2024-05-14 00:57:45

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用java编写一个学生管理系统

目录

前言：本项目不仅可以用来做学生管理系统，还可以用来做图书管理系统，商品管理系统，食堂菜系系统等。。。。

一、项目内容

1.1 、idea创建一个新的项目

1.1.1、选择依赖

1.1.2、项目的结构

1.2、连接自己的数据库

1.2.2、新建一个数据库并添加表和各列

1.3.、实现过程

1.3.1、model层

1.3.2Repository层

1.3.3service层

1.3.4、controller控制层

1.3.5templates层

二、最终效果

1.主页面

2.新增学生页面

3.修改学生页面

4.细节展示

总结：java是一中非常强大的语言，我们在学习的过程中不仅发现java不经可以完成复杂的逻辑计算，还可将数据进行在网页上的展示，把数据更直观的体现在我们面前，在探索java的道路上我们会发现越来越多的乐趣，有时候甚至忘记了时间的流逝，所以java值得我们深入的去学习，要用自己的耐心去发现更深奥更有趣的功能。

前言：本项目不仅可以用来做学生管理系统，还可以用来做图书管理系统，商品管理系统，食堂菜系系统等。。。。

一、项目内容

1.1 、idea创建一个新的项目

 

1.1.1、选择依赖

Lombok

Spring Web

Spring Data

 JPAThymeleaf

MySQL Driver

 

1.1.2、项目的结构

 

1.2、连接自己的数据库

以下是在application.properties文件中进行的配置

然后在idea的左侧找到数据库

数据源 ----> mysql

测试连接成功后就可以啦

注意：如果连接的是本机的数据库，需要打开本机的mysql才能连接

1.2.2、新建一个数据库并添加表和各列

  1. CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS 'Student'(
  2.     'id' INT UNSIGNED AUTO_INCREMENT,
  3.     'name' VARCHAR(5) NOT NULL,
  4.     'gender' VARCHAR(1) NOT NULL,
  5.     'grade' INT NOT NULL,
  6.     'gan' VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
  7.     'Class' VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
  8.     PRIMARY KEY ('id')
  9. )ENGINE=Student DEFAULT CHARSET =utf8;

 

1.3.、实现过程

1.3.1、model层

创建各种属性

id学号

name姓名

gender性别

grade年级

gan 专业

class1班级

注解：

@Date注解包含了get、set方法
@Entity注解进行实体类的持久化操作
@GeneratedValue注解指定主键生成，实现自增长

  1. package com.example.java1.model;
  2.  
  3. import jakarta.persistence.*;
  4. import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
  5. import lombok.Data;
  6. import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
  7.  
  8. @Data
  9. @AllArgsConstructor
  10. @NoArgsConstructor
  11. @Entity
  12. @Table(name="students")
  13. public class Student {
  14.     @Id
  15.     @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
  16.     private long id; //学号
  17.  
  18.     @Column(name = "namee")//姓名
  19.     private String name;
  20.  
  21.     @Column(name = "gender")//性别
  22.     private String gender;
  23.  
  24.     @Column(name = "grade")//年级
  25.     private int grade;
  26.  
  27.     @Column(name = "gan")//专业
  28.     private String gan;
  29.  
  30.     @Column(name = "class1")//班级
  31.     private String class1;
  32. }

1.3.2Repository层

Repository层创建一个StudentManage接口并继承JpaRepository接口

  1. package com.example.java1.repository;
  2.  
  3. import com.example.java1.model.Student;
  4. import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
  5. import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Query;
  6. import org.springframework.data.repository.query.Param;
  7. import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
  8.  
  9. import java.util.List;
  10.  
  11. @Repository
  12. public interface StudentManage extends JpaRepository <Student, Long>{
  13.     @Query("select h from Student h where h.name like %:name%")
  14.     List<Student> findByName(@Param("name") String name);
  15. }

1.3.3service层

service层中StudentBc是业务类，是封装我们要实现增删改查的方法

  1. package com.example.java1.service;
  2.  
  3. import com.example.java1.model.Student;
  4. import org.springframework.data.domain.Page;
  5.  
  6. import java.util.List;
  7.  
  8. public interface StudentBc {
  9.     List <Student> getTobtainStuden();//获取学生信息
  10.  
  11.     void newStudents(Student name);//新增
  12.  
  13.     Student get(long id);//获取指定ID
  14.  
  15.     void delStudent(long id);//删除
  16.  
  17.     List<Student> findByRoomContaining(String name);
  18.     Student seekStudent(Long id);//查找
  19. //    List<Student> bb(String name);
  20.     void deleteAByid(Long id);
  21.     Page<Student> paging (int pageNo, int pageSize, String sortField, String sortDirection);//分页
  22.  
  23. }

StudentBcachieve是实现类，用于实现方法的增删改查

  1. package com.example.java1.service;
  2.  
  3. import com.example.java1.model.Student;
  4. import com.example.java1.repository.StudentManage;
  5. import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
  6. import org.springframework.data.domain.Page;
  7. import org.springframework.data.domain.PageRequest;
  8. import org.springframework.data.domain.Pageable;
  9. import org.springframework.data.domain.Sort;
  10. import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
  11.  
  12. import java.util.List;
  13. import java.util.Optional;
  14.  
  15. @Service
  16. public class StudentBcachieve implements StudentBc{
  17.     @Autowired
  18.     private StudentManage DepositStudent;
  19.     @Override
  20.     public List<Student> getTobtainStuden() {return DepositStudent.findAll();}
  21.     @Override
  22.     public void newStudents(Student name) {
  23.         this.DepositStudent.save(name);
  24.     }
  25.     @Override
  26.     public Student get(long id) {
  27.         //调用数据访问层查找指定ID的学生，返回Optional对象
  28.         Optional< Student > optional = DepositStudent.findById(id);
  29.  
  30.         Student name = null;
  31.         //如果存在指定id的学生
  32.         if (optional.isPresent()) {
  33.             //从Optional对象中获取学生对象
  34.             name = optional.get();
  35.         } else {
  36.             //否则抛出运行时异常
  37.             throw new RuntimeException(" 找不到学生ID :: " + id);
  38.         }
  39.         return name;
  40.     }
  41.     @Override
  42.     public void delStudent(long id) {
  43.         this.DepositStudent.deleteById(id);
  44.     }
  45.  
  46.     @Override
  47.     public List<Student> findByRoomContaining(String name) {
  48.         return null;
  49.     }
  50.  
  51.  
  52.     @Override
  53.     public Student seekStudent(Long id) {
  54.         Optional<Student> optional = DepositStudent.findById(id);
  55.         Student name = null;
  56.         if( optional.isPresent()){
  57.             name = optional.get();
  58.         }else{
  59.             throw new RuntimeException(" 查无此人，请重新输入, id :  "+ id);
  60.         }
  61.         return name;
  62.     }
  63.     @Override
  64.     public void deleteAByid(Long id) {
  65.         this.DepositStudent.deleteById(id);
  66.  
  67.     }
  68.     @Override
  69.     public Page<Student> paging(int pageNo, int pageSize, String sortField, String sortDirection) {
  70.         //设置排序参数，升序ASC/降序DESC？
  71.         Sort sort = sortDirection.equalsIgnoreCase(Sort.Direction.ASC.name())
  72.                 ? Sort.by(sortField).ascending()
  73.                 : Sort.by(sortField).descending();
  74.  
  75.         //根据页号/每页记录数/排序依据返回某指定页面数据。
  76.         Pageable pageable = PageRequest.of(pageNo - 1, pageSize, sort);
  77.         return this.DepositStudent.findAll(pageable);
  78.     }
  79. }
  80.

1.3.4、controller控制层

用来控制各种数据在客户端的相应和跳转

  1. package com.example.java1.controller;
  2.  
  3. import com.example.java1.model.Student;
  4. import com.example.java1.service.StudentBc;
  5. import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
  6. import org.springframework.data.domain.Page;
  7. import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
  8. import org.springframework.ui.Model;
  9. import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
  10.  
  11. import java.util.List;
  12. @Controller
  13. public class StudenControl {
  14.     @Autowired
  15.     private StudentBc DepositStudent;
  16.     @GetMapping("/")
  17.     public String viewHomePage(Model model) {
  18.         return paging(1, "name", "asc", model);
  19.     }
  20.     //新增
  21.     @GetMapping("/xz")
  22.     public String showNewEmployeeForm(Model model) {
  23.         // create model attribute to bind form data
  24.         Student student = new Student();
  25.         model.addAttribute("student", student);
  26.         return "Increase";
  27.     }
  28.  
  29.     @PostMapping("/xr")
  30.     public String saveEmployee(@ModelAttribute("student") Student student) {
  31.         // save employee to database
  32.         DepositStudent.newStudents(student);
  33.         return "redirect:/";
  34.     }
  35.     //删除
  36.     @GetMapping("/sc/{id}")
  37.     public String showFormForUpdate(@PathVariable(value = "id") long id, Model model) {
  38.  
  39.         // get employee from the service
  40.         Student student = DepositStudent.get(id);
  41.  
  42.         // set employee as a model attribute to pre-populate the form
  43.         model.addAttribute("student", student);
  44.         return "Modify";
  45.     }
  46.  
  47.     @GetMapping("/ee/{id}")
  48.     public String deleteEmployee(@PathVariable(value = "id") long id) {
  49.  
  50.         // call delete employee method
  51.         this.DepositStudent.delStudent(id);
  52.         return "redirect:/";
  53.     }
  54.  
  55.     //获取分页数据
  56.     @GetMapping("/page/{pageNo}")
  57.     public String paging(@PathVariable (value = "pageNo") int pageNo,
  58.                                 @RequestParam("sortField") String sortField,
  59.                                 @RequestParam("sortDir") String sortDir,
  60.                                 Model model) {
  61.         int pageSize = 5;
  62.  
  63.         Page<Student> page = DepositStudent.paging(pageNo, pageSize, sortField, sortDir);
  64.         List<Student> listEmployees = page.getContent();
  65.  
  66.         model.addAttribute("currentPage", pageNo);
  67.         model.addAttribute("totalPages", page.getTotalPages());
  68.         model.addAttribute("totalItems", page.getTotalElements());
  69.  
  70.         model.addAttribute("sortField", sortField);
  71.         model.addAttribute("sortDir", sortDir);
  72.         model.addAttribute("reverseSortDir", sortDir.equals("asc") ? "desc" : "asc");
  73.  
  74.         model.addAttribute("listEmployees", listEmployees);
  75.         return "MainPage";
  76.     }
  77. //    @GetMapping("/student")
  78. //    public String getBooks(Model model){
  79. //        List<Student> students = DepositStudent.findAll();
  80. //        model.addAttribute("student",students);
  81. //        return "search";
  82. //    }
  83.  
  84.     //指定查询
  85. //    @PostMapping("/student/inpname")
  86. //    public String searchBook(@RequestParam("inpname") String inpname, Model model) {
  87. //        List<Student> students = DepositStudent.paging(inpname);
  88. //        model.addAttribute("books",students);
  89. //
  90. //
  91. //        return "search";
  92. //    }
  93.     @GetMapping("/query{inpname}")
  94.     public String query(@PathVariable(value = "inpname") String inpame,Model model){
  95.         List<Student> listA = DepositStudent.findByRoomContaining(inpame);
  96.         model.addAttribute("listA",listA);
  97.         return "index";
  98.     }
  99.  
  100. }

1.3.5templates层

用来完成各种页面的框架和数据的呈现（可视化）

主页面

  1. <!DOCTYPE html>
  2. <html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
  3. <head>
  4.     <meta charset="UTF-8">
  5.     <title>Employee Management System</title>
  6.  
  7.     <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@4.6.2/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha384-xOolHFLEh07PJGoPkLv1IbcEPTNtaed2xpHsD9ESMhqIYd0nLMwNLD69Npy4HI+N" crossorigin="anonymous">
  8.  
  9. </head>
  10. <body>
  11.  
  12. <div class="container my-2">
  13.     <meta charset="UTF-8">
  14.     <h1>学生管理系统</h1>
  15.  
  16.     <a th:href = "@{/xz}" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm mb-3">添加学生</a>
  17.  
  18.     <h3>查找</h3>
  19.     <form id="query-form" action="/query{inpname}" method="get">
  20.         <input type="text" id="name-input" name="inpname" placeholder="Name">
  21.         <button type="button" onclick="queryStudent()">搜索</button>
  22.     </form>
  23.     <!--    将输入框输入的内容传到url上面去-->
  24.     <script>
  25.         function queryStudent() {
  26.             var name = document.getElementById("name-input").value;
  27.             var url = "/query" + encodeURIComponent(name);
  28.             window.location.href = url;
  29.         }
  30.     </script>
  31.  
  32.     <table border="1" class = "table table-striped table-responsive-md">
  33.         <thead>
  34.         <tr>
  35.             <th>
  36.                 <a th:href="@{'/page/' + ${currentPage} + '?sortField=id&sortDir=' + ${reverseSortDir}}">
  37.                     学号</a>
  38.             </th>
  39.             <th>
  40.                 <a th:href="@{'/page/' + ${currentPage} + '?sortField=name&sortDir=' + ${reverseSortDir}}">
  41.                     姓名</a>
  42.             </th>
  43.             <th>
  44.                 <a th:href="@{'/page/' + ${currentPage} + '?sortField=gender&sortDir=' + ${reverseSortDir}}">
  45.                     性别</a>
  46.             </th>
  47.             <th>
  48.                 <a th:href="@{'/page/' + ${currentPage} + '?sortField=grade&sortDir=' + ${reverseSortDir}}">
  49.                     年级</a>
  50.             </th>
  51.             <th>
  52.                 <a th:href="@{'/page/' + ${currentPage} + '?sortField=gan&sortDir=' + ${reverseSortDir}}">
  53.                     专业</a>
  54.             </th>
  55.             <th>
  56.                 <a th:href="@{'/page/' + ${currentPage} + '?sortField=class1&sortDir=' + ${reverseSortDir}}">
  57.                     班级</a>
  58.             </th>
  59.             <th> 操作 </th>
  60.         </tr>
  61.         </thead>
  62.         <tbody>
  63.         <tr th:each="name : ${listEmployees}">
  64.             <td th:text="${name.id}"></td>
  65.             <td th:text="${name.name}"></td>
  66.             <td th:text="${name.gender}"></td>
  67.             <td th:text="${name.grade}"></td>
  68.             <td th:text="${name.gan}"></td>
  69.             <td th:text="${name.class1}"></td>
  70.             <td> <a th:href="@{/sc/{id}(id=${name.id})}" class="btn btn-primary">修改</a>
  71.                 <a th:href="@{/ee/{id}(id=${name.id})}" class="btn btn-danger">删除</a>
  72.             </td>
  73.         </tr>
  74.         </tbody>
  75.     </table>
  76.  
  77.     <div th:if = "${totalPages > 1}">
  78.         <div class = "row col-sm-10">
  79.             <div class = "col-sm-3">
  80.                 学生人数: [[${totalItems}]]
  81.             </div>
  82.             <div class = "col-sm-5">
  83. 					<span th:each="i: ${#numbers.sequence(1, totalPages)}">
  84. 						<a th:if="${currentPage != i}" th:href="@{'/page/' + ${i}+ '?sortField=' + ${sortField} + '&sortDir=' + ${sortDir}}">[[${i}]]</a>
  85. 						<span th:unless="${currentPage != i}">[[${i}]]</span>  &nbsp; &nbsp;
  86. 					</span>
  87.             </div>
  88.             <div class = "col-sm-1">
  89.                 <a th:if="${currentPage < totalPages}" th:href="@{'/page/' + ${currentPage + 1}+ '?sortField=' + ${sortField} + '&sortDir=' + ${sortDir}}">下一页</a>
  90.                 <span th:unless="${currentPage < totalPages}"></span>
  91.             </div>
  92.  
  93.             <div class="col-sm-1">
  94.                 <a th:if="${currentPage < totalPages}" th:href="@{'/page/' + ${totalPages}+ '?sortField=' + ${sortField} + '&sortDir=' + ${sortDir}}">最后一页</a>
  95.                 <span th:unless="${currentPage < totalPages}"></span>
  96.             </div>
  97.         </div>
  98.     </div>
  99. </div>
  100. </body>
  101. </html>

新增学生

  1. <!DOCTYPE html>
  2. <html lang="en">
  3. <head>
  4.     <meta charset="UTF-8">
  5.     <title>添加学生</title>
  6.     <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@4.6.2/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha384-xOolHFLEh07PJGoPkLv1IbcEPTNtaed2xpHsD9ESMhqIYd0nLMwNLD69Npy4HI+N" crossorigin="anonymous">
  7.  
  8.    </head>
  9.  
  10. <body>
  11. <div class="container">
  12.     <meta charset="UTF-8">
  13.     <h1>添加学生</h1>
  14.     <hr>
  15.     <meta charset="UTF-8">
  16.     <h2>请输入学生信息</h2>
  17.  
  18.     <form action="#" th:action="@{/xr}" th:object="${student}" method="POST">
  19.  
  20.         <!-- Add hidden form field to handle update -->
  21.         <input type="hidden" th:field="*{id}" placeholder="学号" class="form-control mb-4 col-4">
  22.  
  23.         <input type="text" th:field="*{name}" placeholder="姓名" class="form-control mb-4 col-4">
  24.  
  25.         <input type="text" th:field="*{gender}" placeholder="性别" class="form-control mb-4 col-4">
  26.  
  27.         <input type="text" th:field="*{grade}" placeholder="年级" class="form-control mb-4 col-4">
  28.  
  29.         <input type="text" th:field="*{gan}" placeholder="专业" class="form-control mb-4 col-4">
  30.  
  31.         <input type="text" th:field="*{class1}" placeholder="班级" class="form-control mb-4 col-4">
  32.  
  33.         <button type="submit" class="btn btn-info col-2"> 添加 </button>
  34.     </form>
  35.  
  36.     <hr>
  37.  
  38.     <a th:href="@{/}"> 返回首页</a>
  39. </div>
  40. </body>
  41.  
  42. </html>

修改学生信息

  1. <!DOCTYPE html>
  2. <html lang="en">
  3. <head>
  4.     <meta charset="UTF-8">
  5.     <title>Employee Management System</title>
  6.     <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@4.6.2/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha384-xOolHFLEh07PJGoPkLv1IbcEPTNtaed2xpHsD9ESMhqIYd0nLMwNLD69Npy4HI+N" crossorigin="anonymous">
  7. </head>
  8.  
  9. <body>
  10. <div class="container">
  11.     <meta charset="UTF-8">
  12.     <h1>修改系统</h1>
  13.     <hr>
  14.     <h2>输入您的修改</h2>
  15.  
  16.     <form action="#" th:action="@{/xr}" th:object="${student}" method="POST">
  17.         <input type="hidden" th:field="*{id}" placeholder="学号" class="form-control mb-4 col-4">
  18.  
  19.         <input type="text" th:field="*{name}" placeholder="姓名" class="form-control mb-4 col-4">
  20.  
  21.         <input type="text" th:field="*{gender}" placeholder="性别" class="form-control mb-4 col-4">
  22.  
  23.         <input type="text" th:field="*{grade}" placeholder="年级" class="form-control mb-4 col-4">
  24.  
  25.         <input type="text" th:field="*{gan}" placeholder="专业" class="form-control mb-4 col-4">
  26.  
  27.         <input type="text" th:field="*{class1}" placeholder="班级" class="form-control mb-4 col-4">
  28.         <button type="submit" class="btn btn-info col-2"> 确认修改</button>
  29.     </form>
  30.  
  31.     <hr>
  32.  
  33.     <a th:href="@{/}"> Back to Employee List</a>
  34. </div>
  35. </body>
  36.  
  37. </html>

二、最终效果

1.主页面

 

2.新增学生页面

3.修改学生页面

 

4.细节展示

 

 

总结：java是一中非常强大的语言，我们在学习的过程中不仅发现java不经可以完成复杂的逻辑计算，还可将数据进行在网页上的展示，把数据更直观的体现在我们面前，在探索java的道路上我们会发现越来越多的乐趣，有时候甚至忘记了时间的流逝，所以java值得我们深入的去学习，要用自己的耐心去发现更深奥更有趣的功能。

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