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JdbcTemplate是spring框架中提供的一个对象,是对原始繁琐的Jdbc API对象的简单封装。spring框架为我们提供了很多的操作模板类。例如:操作关系型数据的JdbcTemplate和HibernateTemplate,操作nosql数据库的RedisTemplate,操作消息队列的JmsTemplate等等。
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId> <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.32</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>c3p0</groupId> <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId> <version>0.9.1.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>druid</artifactId> <version>1.1.10</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId> <version>3.0.1</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId> <version>2.2.1</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId> <version>2.9.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId> <version>2.9.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId> <version>2.9.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId> <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId> <version>1.3.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-io</groupId> <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId> <version>2.3</version> </dependency>
CREATE TABLE `account` (
`name` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
`money` double(255,2) DEFAULT NULL
)
public class Account { private String name; private double money; public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public double getMoney() { return money; } public void setMoney(double money) { this.money = money; } @Override public String toString() { return "Account{" + "name='" + name + '\'' + ", money=" + money + '}'; } }
//创建数据源对象
ComboPooledDataSource dataSource = new ComboPooledDataSource();
dataSource.setDriverClass("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
dataSource.setJdbcUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test");
dataSource.setUser("root");
dataSource.setPassword("root");
//创建JdbcTemplate对象并加载数据源
JdbcTemplate jt = new JdbcTemplate();
jt.setDataSource(dataSource);
//执行操作
// int row = jt.update("insert into account(name) values(?)", "lisi");
jt.update("delete from account where name=?", "lisi");
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
">
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=root
<!--加载jdbc.properties-->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>
<!--数据源对象-->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
</bean>
<!--jdbc模板对象-->
<bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>
ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring.xml");
JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = (JdbcTemplate) ac.getBean("jdbcTemplate");
public class JdbcTemplateCRUDTest { AbstractApplicationContext ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring.xml");; JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate=(JdbcTemplate)ac.getBean("jdbcTemplate"); //新增 @Test public void testDelete(){ jdbcTemplate.update("insert into account values (?,?)","zhagnsan","5000"); } //删除 @Test public void testDelete(){ jdbcTemplate.update("delete from account where name=?","zhangsan"); } //修改更新 @Test public void testUpdate(){ jdbcTemplate.update("update account set money=? where name=?",10000,"zhangsan"); } //聚合查询 @Test public void testQueryCount(){ Long count = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject("select count(*) from account", Long.class); System.out.println(count); } //查询一个 @Test public void testQueryOne(){ Account account = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject("select * from account where name=?", new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Account>(Account.class), "zhangsan"); System.out.println(account); } //查询所有 @Test public void testQueryAll(){ List<Account> accountList = jdbcTemplate.query("select * from account", new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Account>(Account.class)); System.out.println(accountList); } }
PlatformTransactionManager 接口是 spring 的事务管理器,它里面提供了我们常用的操作事务的方法。
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注意:
PlatformTransactionManager 是接口类型,不同的 Dao 层技术则有不同的实现类,例如:
Dao 层技术是jdbc 或 mybatis 时:org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager
Dao 层技术是hibernate时:org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTransactionManager
TransactionDefinition 是事务的定义信息对象
事务的定义包括: 事务的隔离级别,事务的传播属性,超时时间设置,是否只读
事务的隔离级别是数据库本身的事务功能,事务的传播属性则是spring为我们提供的功能
该接口的实现DefaultTransactionDefinition,默认的事务定义
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设置隔离级别,可以解决事务并发产生的问题,如脏读、不可重复读和虚读。
TransactionStatus 接口提供的是事务具体的运行状态
TransactionStatus它继承了SavepointManager接口,SavepointManager是对事务中上述保存点功能的封装
public interface SavepointManager {
Object createSavepoint() throws TransactionException;
void rollbackToSavepoint(Object savepoint) throws TransactionException;
void releaseSavepoint(Object savepoint) throws TransactionException;
}
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Spring 的声明式事务顾名思义就是采用声明的方式来处理事务。这里所说的声明,就是指在配置文件中声明,用在 Spring 配置文件中声明式的处理事务来代替代码式的处理事务。
声明式事务处理的作用
注意:Spring 声明式事务控制底层就是AOP。
声明式事务控制明确事项:
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId> <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.32</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>c3p0</groupId> <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId> <version>0.9.1.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>druid</artifactId> <version>1.1.10</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId> <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId> <version>1.8.13</version> </dependency>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<!--加载jdbc.properties--> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/> <!--jdbc模板对象--> <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> </bean> <!--数据源对象--> <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"> <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/> <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/> </bean> <!--平台事务管理器--> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property> </bean> <!--事务增强配置 针对事务进行进一步配置--> <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager"> <tx:attributes> <tx:method name="*"/> </tx:attributes> </tx:advice> <context:component-scan base-package="com.yunhe"></context:component-scan>
<!--事务的aop增强-->
<aop:config>
<aop:pointcut id="myPointcut" expression="execution(* com.yunhe.service.impl.*.*(..))"/>
<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="myPointcut"></aop:advisor>
</aop:config>
AccountDao
public interface AccountDao {
public int out(String outMan,double money);
public int in(String inMan,double money);
}
AccountDaoImpl
@Repository("accountDao")
public class AccountDaoImpl implements AccountDao {
@Autowired
JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
@Override
public int out(String outMan, double money) {
return jdbcTemplate.update("update account set money=money-? where name=? ",money,outMan);
}
@Override
public int in(String inMan, double money) {
return jdbcTemplate.update("update account set money=money+? where name=? ",money,inMan);
}
}
AccountService
public interface AccountService {
public void transfer(String outMan, String inMan, double money);
}
AccountServiceImpl
@Service("accountService")
public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService {
@Autowired
AccountDao accountDao;
@Override
public void transfer(String outMan, String inMan, double money) {
accountDao.out(outMan,money);
int i = 1/0;
accountDao.in(inMan,money);
}
}
@Test
public void tx(){
AccountService accountServiceImpl = (AccountService) ac.getBean("accountService");
accountServiceImpl.transfer("zhangsan","lisi",1000);
}
<!--事务增强配置 针对事务进行进一步配置-->
<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
<tx:attributes>
<tx:method name="*"/>
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
在事务增强配置中可以对于切点方法进行额外的事务配置,针对于不同方法可以使用不同的配置,也可以使用*为所有事务方法配置相同的事务处理方式(默认spring使用默认配置)
<tx:method name="transfer" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" timeout="-1" read-only="false"/>
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId> <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.32</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>c3p0</groupId> <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId> <version>0.9.1.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>druid</artifactId> <version>1.1.10</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId> <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId> <version>1.8.13</version> </dependency>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
Account
public class Account { private String name; private double money; public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public double getMoney() { return money; } public void setMoney(double money) { this.money = money; } @Override public String toString() { return "Account{" + "name='" + name + '\'' + ", money=" + money + '}'; } }
AccountDao
public interface AccountDao {
public int out(String outMan, double money);
public int in(String inMan, double money);
}
AccountDaoImpl
@Repository("accountDao")
public class AccountDaoImpl implements AccountDao {
@Autowired
JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
@Override
public int out(String outMan, double money) {
return jdbcTemplate.update("update account set money=money-? where name=? ",money,outMan);
}
@Override
public int in(String inMan, double money) {
return jdbcTemplate.update("update account set money=money+? where name=? ",money,inMan);
}
}
AccountService
public interface AccountService {
public void transfer(String outMan, String inMan, double money);
}
AccountServiceImpl
@Service("accountService")
//使用默认事务配置对当前类中所有方法进行事务管理
@Transactional
public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService {
@Autowired
AccountDao accountDao;
@Override
//也可以对指定方法事务进行额外设置
@Transactional
public void transfer(String outMan, String inMan, double money) {
accountDao.out(outMan,money);
//int i = 1/0;
accountDao.in(inMan,money);
}
}
1)spring注解开发
<!-- 开启spring 注解扫描 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.yunhe"/>
2)导入properties配置文件
<!-- 加载类路径下的properties配置文件 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>
3)数据源配置
<!-- datasource数据源 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
</bean>
4)jdbc对象与事务管理器
<!--jdbc模板对象-->
<bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>
<!--平台事务管理器-->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
</bean>
5)设置事务扫描
<!-- 事务注解扫描 需要与事务注解一同使用 -->
<tx:annotation-driven/>
@Test
public void tx(){
ApplicationContext ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring.xml");
AccountService accountService = (AccountService) ac.getBean("accountService");
accountService.transfer("zhangsan","lisi",1000);
}
①使用 @Transactional 在需要进行事务控制的类或是方法上修饰,注解可用的属性同 xml 配置方式,例如隔离级别、传播行为等。
②注解使用在类上,那么该类下的所有方法都使用同一套注解参数配置。
③使用在方法上,不同的方法可以采用不同的事务参数配置。
④Xml配置文件中要开启事务的注解驱动<tx:annotation-driven />
k.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
**5)设置事务扫描**
```xml
<!-- 事务注解扫描 需要与事务注解一同使用 -->
<tx:annotation-driven/>
@Test
public void tx(){
ApplicationContext ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring.xml");
AccountService accountService = (AccountService) ac.getBean("accountService");
accountService.transfer("zhangsan","lisi",1000);
}
①使用 @Transactional 在需要进行事务控制的类或是方法上修饰,注解可用的属性同 xml 配置方式,例如隔离级别、传播行为等。
②注解使用在类上,那么该类下的所有方法都使用同一套注解参数配置。
③使用在方法上,不同的方法可以采用不同的事务参数配置。
④Xml配置文件中要开启事务的注解驱动<tx:annotation-driven />
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