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在本项目中,我们将使用 Python 编程语言和 Pygame 库实现一个复杂的井字棋游戏。井字棋是一种简单且经典的棋类游戏,本项目将对其进行扩展,增加了计分、重新开始游戏、判断平局等功能,使游戏更加丰富和有趣。
在开始之前,确保已经安装了 Python 和 Pygame 库。可以使用以下命令安装 Pygame:
pip install pygame
import pygame import sys import random # 初始化 Pygame pygame.init() # 设置游戏窗口 SCREEN_WIDTH = 600 SCREEN_HEIGHT = 600 WIN = pygame.display.set_mode((SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT)) pygame.display.set_caption("复杂井字棋游戏") # 定义颜色 WHITE = (255, 255, 255) BLACK = (0, 0, 0) RED = (255, 0, 0) BLUE = (0, 0, 255) # 定义玩家和电脑的棋子 PLAYER_X = "X" PLAYER_O = "O" COMPUTER = "COMPUTER" # 定义棋盘网格 GRID_SIZE = 3 CELL_SIZE = SCREEN_WIDTH // GRID_SIZE # 定义游戏状态 GAME_STATE_PLAYER_TURN = "PLAYER_TURN" GAME_STATE_COMPUTER_TURN = "COMPUTER_TURN" GAME_STATE_GAME_OVER = "GAME_OVER" # 定义游戏状态和棋盘 game_state = GAME_STATE_PLAYER_TURN player_board = [[None for _ in range(GRID_SIZE)] for _ in range(GRID_SIZE)] computer_board = [[None for _ in range(GRID_SIZE)] for _ in range(GRID_SIZE)] # 绘制棋盘网格 def draw_grid(): for x in range(0, SCREEN_WIDTH, CELL_SIZE): pygame.draw.line(WIN, BLACK, (x, 0), (x, SCREEN_HEIGHT), 3) for y in range(0, SCREEN_HEIGHT, CELL_SIZE): pygame.draw.line(WIN, BLACK, (0, y), (SCREEN_WIDTH, y), 3) # 绘制玩家和电脑的棋子 def draw_pieces(): for row in range(GRID_SIZE): for col in range(GRID_SIZE): if player_board[row][col] == PLAYER_X: draw_x(row, col) elif player_board[row][col] == PLAYER_O: draw_o(row, col) if computer_board[row][col] == PLAYER_X: draw_x(row, col) elif computer_board[row][col] == PLAYER_O: draw_o(row, col) # 绘制X棋子 def draw_x(row, col): x = col * CELL_SIZE + CELL_SIZE // 2 y = row * CELL_SIZE + CELL_SIZE // 2 pygame.draw.line(WIN, RED, (x - CELL_SIZE // 4, y - CELL_SIZE // 4), (x + CELL_SIZE // 4, y + CELL_SIZE // 4), 3) pygame.draw.line(WIN, RED, (x - CELL_SIZE // 4, y + CELL_SIZE // 4), (x + CELL_SIZE // 4, y - CELL_SIZE // 4), 3) # 绘制O棋子 def draw_o(row, col): x = col * CELL_SIZE + CELL_SIZE // 2 y = row * CELL_SIZE + CELL_SIZE // 2 radius = CELL_SIZE // 4 pygame.draw.circle(WIN, BLUE, (x, y), radius, 3) # 玩家落子 def player_move(row, col): global game_state if player_board[row][col] is None and game_state == GAME_STATE_PLAYER_TURN: player_board[row][col] = PLAYER_X if check_winner(player_board): game_state = GAME_STATE_GAME_OVER else: game_state = GAME_STATE_COMPUTER_TURN # 电脑落子 def computer_move(): global game_state if game_state == GAME_STATE_COMPUTER_TURN: empty_cells = [(r, c) for r in range(GRID_SIZE) for c in range(GRID_SIZE) if computer_board[r][c] is None] if empty_cells: row, col = random.choice(empty_cells) computer_board[row][col] = PLAYER_O if check_winner(computer_board): game_state = GAME_STATE_GAME_OVER else: game_state = GAME_STATE_PLAYER_TURN # 胜利判定 def check_winner(board): # Check rows for row in range(GRID_SIZE): if all([board[row][col] == board[row][0] for col in range(1, GRID_SIZE)]): return True # Check columns for col in range(GRID_SIZE): if all([board[row][col] == board[0][col] for row in range(1, GRID_SIZE)]): return True # Check diagonals if all([board[i][i] == board[0][0] for i in range(1, GRID_SIZE)]) or \ all([board[i][GRID_SIZE - i - 1] == board[0][GRID_SIZE - 1] for i in range(1, GRID_SIZE)]): return True return False # 绘制分数板 def draw_score(): font = pygame.font.Font(None, 36) player_text = font.render(f"玩家分数: {player_score}", True, BLACK) computer_text = font.render(f"电脑分数: {computer_score}", True, BLACK) WIN.blit(player_text, (20, 20)) WIN.blit(computer_text, (20, 60)) # 重新开始游戏 def restart_game(): global game_state, player_board, computer_board game_state = GAME_STATE_PLAYER_TURN player_board = [[None for _ in range(GRID_SIZE)] for _ in range(GRID_SIZE)] computer_board = [[None for _ in range(GRID_SIZE)] for _ in range(GRID_SIZE)] # 处理事件 def handle_events(): for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == pygame.QUIT: pygame.quit() sys.exit() elif event.type==pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN: if game_state == GAME_STATE_PLAYER_TURN: mouseX, mouseY = pygame.mouse.get_pos() clicked_row = mouseY // CELL_SIZE clicked_col = mouseX // CELL_SIZE player_move(clicked_row, clicked_col) elif game_state == GAME_STATE_GAME_OVER: restart_game() # 主循环 def main(): global player_score, computer_score player_score = 0 computer_score = 0 clock = pygame.time.Clock() while True: WIN.fill(WHITE) draw_grid() draw_pieces() draw_score() handle_events() computer_move() pygame.display.flip() clock.tick(60) if __name__ == "__main__": main()
这段代码完成了主循环部分,整个游戏的逻辑已经实现。你可以在本地运行这段代码,体验一下复杂井字棋游戏的乐趣。
初始化 Pygame 和设置窗口:
pygame.init()
初始化 Pygame 库。定义颜色和棋子标志:
绘制棋盘网格:
draw_grid()
函数在窗口中绘制棋盘的网格线。绘制玩家和电脑的棋子:
draw_pieces()
函数根据棋盘上的棋子位置,在相应位置绘制玩家和电脑的棋子。玩家和电脑落子:
player_move()
函数处理玩家落子的逻辑,检查落子位置是否为空,如果是则在该位置落子。computer_move()
函数处理电脑落子的逻辑,随机选择一个空位置落子。胜利判定:
check_winner()
函数用于检查是否有一方获胜,检查每一行、每一列以及对角线上是否有相同的棋子。绘制分数板:
draw_score()
函数在窗口中显示玩家和电脑的分数。重新开始游戏:
restart_game()
函数用于重新开始游戏,将棋盘重置为初始状态。处理事件:
handle_events()
函数中处理用户的鼠标点击事件,根据游戏状态执行相应的操作。主循环:
main()
函数中,使用一个循环不断更新游戏状态并绘制游戏界面。运行游戏:
if __name__ == "__main__":
语句块中,调用 main()
函数启动游戏。这段代码实现了一个简单的复杂井字棋游戏,包括玩家和电脑的落子、胜利判定、重新开始游戏等基本功能。通过 Pygame 库提供的功能,我们可以轻松地创建游戏窗口并实现游戏逻辑。
AI 算法优化:当前电脑玩家的落子逻辑比较简单,可以尝试实现更复杂的 AI 算法,如 MiniMax 算法或 Alpha-Beta 剪枝算法,以提升电脑玩家的智能水平。
改进界面:可以美化游戏界面,增加背景图片、动画效果或过渡效果,提升游戏的视觉体验。
多种游戏模式:除了单人模式,可以添加双人对战模式或在线对战模式,让玩家可以与其他玩家进行对战。
游戏设置:增加游戏设置界面,允许玩家自定义游戏规则、难度等参数,提升游戏的可玩性和趣味性。
存档和载入:实现游戏存档和载入功能,让玩家可以保存游戏进度并随时恢复游戏。
统计和排行榜:记录玩家的游戏数据,包括胜利次数、失败次数、平局次数等,并实现排行榜功能,展示最高分和最佳成绩。
通过专栏《专栏Python实现复杂小游戏源码教程》(点击可跳转)进一步了解扩展游戏的功能
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