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由于内存和计算资源有限,在嵌入式设备上部署卷积神经网络是困难的。特征图中的冗余是那些成功的细胞神经网络的一个重要特征,但在神经结构设计中很少进行研究。本文提出了一种新的Ghost模块,通过少量的计算生成更多的特征图。基于一组内在特征图,我们以低廉的成本应用一系列线性变换来生成许多重影特征图,这些重影特征图可充分揭示内在特征背后的信息。所提出的Ghost模块可以作为即插即用组件来升级现有的卷积神经网络。Ghost瓶颈被设计为堆叠Ghost模块,然后可以轻松地建立轻量级GhostNet。
适用检测目标: 轻量化或移动端部署
《GhostNet: More Features from Cheap Operations》
论文地址: https://arxiv.org/abs/1911.11907
Ghost Conv的主要思想: 通过一系列线性变换,以很小的计算量从原始特征发掘所需信息的“Ghost”特征图(Ghost feature maps)
总结: 一种类似残差的模块
Ghost Conv模块的原理图
-
- class GhostConv(nn.Module):
- """Ghost Convolution https://github.com/huawei-noah/ghostnet."""
-
- def __init__(self, c1, c2, k=1, s=1, g=1, act=True):
- """Initializes the GhostConv object with input channels, output channels, kernel size, stride, groups and
- activation.
- """
- super().__init__()
- c_ = c2 // 2 # hidden channels
- self.cv1 = Conv(c1, c_, k, s, None, g, act=act)
- self.cv2 = Conv(c_, c_, 5, 1, None, c_, act=act)
-
- def forward(self, x):
- """Forward propagation through a Ghost Bottleneck layer with skip connection."""
- y = self.cv1(x)
- return torch.cat((y, self.cv2(y)), 1)
阅读YOLOv9添加模块教程或使用下文操作
1. 将YOLOv9工程中models下common.py文件中增加模块的代码。
2. 将YOLOv9工程中models下yolo.py文件中的第718行(可能因版本变化而变化)增加以下代码。
RepNCSPELAN4, SPPELAN, GhostConv}:
- # YOLOv9
- # Powered bu https://blog.csdn.net/StopAndGoyyy
- # parameters
- nc: 80 # number of classes
- depth_multiple: 1 # model depth multiple
- width_multiple: 1 # layer channel multiple
- #activation: nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)
- #activation: nn.ReLU()
-
- # anchors
- anchors: 3
-
- # YOLOv9 backbone
- backbone:
- [
- [-1, 1, Silence, []],
-
- # conv down
- [-1, 1, Conv, [64, 3, 2]], # 1-P1/2
-
- # conv down
- [-1, 1, Conv, [128, 3, 2]], # 2-P2/4
-
- # elan-1 block
- [-1, 1, RepNCSPELAN4, [256, 128, 64, 1]], # 3
-
- # avg-conv down
- [-1, 1, ADown, [256]], # 4-P3/8
-
- # elan-2 block
- [-1, 1, RepNCSPELAN4, [512, 256, 128, 1]], # 5
-
- # avg-conv down
- [-1, 1, ADown, [512]], # 6-P4/16
-
- # elan-2 block
- [-1, 1, RepNCSPELAN4, [512, 512, 256, 1]], # 7
-
- # avg-conv down
- [-1, 1, ADown, [512]], # 8-P5/32
-
- # elan-2 block
- [-1, 1, RepNCSPELAN4, [512, 512, 256, 1]], # 9
- ]
-
- # YOLOv9 head
- head:
- [
- # elan-spp block
- [-1, 1, SPPELAN, [512, 256]], # 10
-
- # up-concat merge
- [-1, 1, nn.Upsample, [None, 2, 'nearest']],
- [[-1, 7], 1, Concat, [1]], # cat backbone P4
-
- # elan-2 block
- [-1, 1, RepNCSPELAN4, [512, 512, 256, 1]], # 13
-
- # up-concat merge
- [-1, 1, nn.Upsample, [None, 2, 'nearest']],
- [[-1, 5], 1, Concat, [1]], # cat backbone P3
-
- # elan-2 block
- [-1, 1, RepNCSPELAN4, [256, 256, 128, 1]], # 16 (P3/8-small)
-
- # avg-conv-down merge
- [-1, 1, ADown, [256]],
- [[-1, 13], 1, Concat, [1]], # cat head P4
-
- # elan-2 block
- [-1, 1, RepNCSPELAN4, [512, 512, 256, 1]], # 19 (P4/16-medium)
-
- # avg-conv-down merge
- [-1, 1, ADown, [512]],
- [[-1, 10], 1, Concat, [1]], # cat head P5
-
- # elan-2 block
- [-1, 1, RepNCSPELAN4, [512, 512, 256, 1]], # 22 (P5/32-large)
-
-
- # multi-level reversible auxiliary branch
-
- # routing
- [5, 1, CBLinear, [[256]]], # 23
- [7, 1, CBLinear, [[256, 512]]], # 24
- [9, 1, CBLinear, [[256, 512, 512]]], # 25
-
- # conv down
- [0, 1, Conv, [64, 3, 2]], # 26-P1/2
-
- # conv down
- [-1, 1, Conv, [128, 3, 2]], # 27-P2/4
-
- # elan-1 block
- [-1, 1, RepNCSPELAN4, [256, 128, 64, 1]], # 28
-
- # avg-conv down fuse
- [-1, 1, ADown, [256]], # 29-P3/8
- [[23, 24, 25, -1], 1, CBFuse, [[0, 0, 0]]], # 30
-
- # elan-2 block
- [-1, 1, RepNCSPELAN4, [512, 256, 128, 1]], # 31
-
- # avg-conv down fuse
- [-1, 1, ADown, [512]], # 32-P4/16
- [[24, 25, -1], 1, CBFuse, [[1, 1]]], # 33
-
- # elan-2 block
- [-1, 1, RepNCSPELAN4, [512, 512, 256, 1]], # 34
-
- # avg-conv down fuse
- [-1, 1, ADown, [512]], # 35-P5/32
- [[25, -1], 1, CBFuse, [[2]]], # 36
-
- # elan-2 block
- [-1, 1, RepNCSPELAN4, [512, 512, 256, 1]], # 37
- [-1, 1, GhostConv, [512, 3]], # 38
-
-
-
- # detection head
-
- # detect
- [[31, 34, 38, 16, 19, 22], 1, DualDDetect, [nc]], # DualDDetect(A3, A4, A5, P3, P4, P5)
- ]
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