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websocket在前端开发中,是一个必须掌握的技术!你可以不用,但必须掌握!
前几天,就遇到这样一个需求,要求界面的数据通过websocket
实时推送,并且必须支持断网重连、自动心跳!
自动心跳是定期向服务端发送小型数据包,如果一段时间内服务端没有收到心跳响应,系统可能会断开连接。
websokect的API非常简单
- // 创建ws连接
- const ws = new WebSocket('ws://localhost:8080/test');
- ws.onopen = function() {
- console.log('WebSocket 连接已经建立。');
- ws.send('Hello, server!');
- };
- ws.onmessage = function(event) {
- console.log('收到服务器消息:', event.data);
- };
- ws.onerror = function(event) {
- console.error('WebSocket 连接出现错误:', event);
- };
- ws.onclose = function() {
- console.log('WebSocket 连接已经关闭。');
- }
但是,要封装一个支持断网重连、自动心跳的websokect没有那么容易!
我们先看我封装的websokect,首先,最重要的,它的使用方法和官方Api完全一致!零学习成本,上手即用!
- import WebSocketClient from "./WebSocketClient"
-
- // 创建实例
- const ws = new WebSocketClient('ws://localhost:3200');
-
- // 连接
- ws.connect()
- // 同原生方法
- ws.onclose(()=>{})
- // 同原生方法
- ws.onerror(()=>{})
- // 同原生方法
- ws.onmessage(()=>{
- // 同原生方法
- ws.send("自定义发送的数据")
- })
- // 同原生方法
- ws.onopen(()=>{})
-
- // 关闭连接
- ws.close()

我们先使用node创建一个后端服务,安装ws库:
npm install ws
创建node index.js文件,引入WebSocket 服务器
- const WebSocket = require("ws");
-
- const wss = new WebSocket.Server({ port: 3200 });
-
- console.log("服务运行在http://localhost:3200/");
-
- wss.on("connection", (ws) => {
- console.log("[服务器]:客官您来了~里边请");
- ws.send(`[websocket云端]您已经连接云端!数据推送中!`);
- let index = 1;
- const interval = setInterval(() => {
- ws.send(`[websocket]数据推送第${index}次`);
- index ++
- }, 1000 * 10);
-
- ws.on("close", () => {
- clearInterval(interval); // 清除定时器
- console.log("[服务器]:客官下次再来呢~");
- });
- });

我们启动这个服务
node index.js
现在,我们在前端服务内进行连接测试
我们先写前端的相关逻辑
- import { WebSocketClient } from '@/utils/dataDispatcher/WebSocketClient';
-
- const ws = new WebSocketClient('ws://localhost:3200');
-
- // 连接
- ws.connect();
- // 同原生方法
- ws.onclose(() => {});
- // 同原生方法
- ws.onerror(() => {});
- // 同原生方法
- ws.onmessage(() => {
- // 同原生方法
- ws.send('自定义发送的数据');
- });
- // 同原生方法
- ws.onopen(() => {});

启动项目,我们会发现控制台已经有了提示
心跳验证:
等待一段时间后,我们可以看到ws连接里,前端已经发送了多次心跳数据
服务端与客户端也一直在进行数据交互
断网重连验证:
可以看到,当我们断开服务端的时候,断网重连被自动触发。
- export class WebSocketClient {
- // #socket链接
- private url = '';
- // #socket实例
- private socket: WebSocket | null = null;
-
- constructor(url: string) {
- super();
- this.url = url;
- }
-
- // >消息发送
- public send(message: string): void {
- if (this.socket && this.socket.readyState === WebSocket.OPEN) {
- this.socket.send(message);
- } else {
- console.error('[WebSocket] 未连接');
- }
- }
-
- // !初始化连接
- public connect(): void {
- if (this.socket && this.socket.readyState === WebSocket.OPEN) {
- return;
- }
- this.socket = new WebSocket(this.url);
-
- // !websocket连接成功
- this.socket.onopen = event => {
- console.log(`连接成功,等待服务端数据推送[onopen]...`);
- };
-
- this.socket.onmessage = event => {
- };
-
- this.socket.onclose = event => {
- console.log(`连接断开[onclose]...`);
- };
-
- this.socket.onerror = event => {
- console.log(`连接异常[onerror]...`);
- };
- }
-
- // >关闭连接
- public close(): void {
- if (this.socket) {
- this.socket.close();
- this.socket = null;
- }
- }
- }

上述代码借助官方API实现了一个基本的 WebSocket 客户端,具有以下功能:
初始化连接并处理各种 WebSocket 事件(打开、消息、关闭、错误)。
发送消息到服务器。
关闭连接。
现在,我们开始逐步完善代码,进行封装。
- export class WebSocketClient{
- // #socket链接
- private url = '';
- // #socket实例
- private socket: WebSocket | null = null;
- // #重连次数
- private reconnectAttempts = 0;
- // #最大重连数
- private maxReconnectAttempts = 5;
- // #重连间隔
- private reconnectInterval = 10000; // 10 seconds
-
- constructor(url: string) {
- super();
- this.url = url;
- }
- // >消息发送
- public send(message: string): void {
- if (this.socket && this.socket.readyState === WebSocket.OPEN) {
- this.socket.send(message);
- } else {
- console.error('[WebSocket] 未连接');
- }
- }
-
- // !初始化连接
- public connect(): void {
- if (this.reconnectAttempts === 0) {
- console.log(`初始化连接中...`);
- }
- if (this.socket && this.socket.readyState === WebSocket.OPEN) {
- return;
- }
- this.socket = new WebSocket(this.url);
-
- // !websocket连接成功
- this.socket.onopen = event => {
- // 重置重连尝试成功连接
- this.reconnectAttempts = 0;
- console.log(`连接成功,等待服务端数据推送[onopen]...`);
- };
-
- this.socket.onmessage = event => {
- };
-
- this.socket.onclose = event => {
- if (this.reconnectAttempts === 0) {
- console.log(`连接断开[onclose]...`);
- }
- if (!this.stopWs) {
- this.handleReconnect();
- }
- };
-
- this.socket.onerror = event => {
- if (this.reconnectAttempts === 0) {
- console.log(`连接异常[onerror]...`);
- }
- };
- }
-
- // > 断网重连逻辑
- private handleReconnect(): void {
- if (this.reconnectAttempts < this.maxReconnectAttempts) {
- this.reconnectAttempts++;
- console.log(`尝试重连... (${this.reconnectAttempts}/${this.maxReconnectAttempts})`);
- setTimeout(() => {
- this.connect();
- }, this.reconnectInterval);
- } else {
- console.log(`最大重连失败,终止重连: ${this.url}`);
- }
- }
-
- // >关闭连接
- public close(): void {
- if (this.socket) {
- this.socket.close();
- this.socket = null;
- }
- }
- }

上述代码添加了自动断网重连的机制。其核心逻辑在于以下几个方面:
记录重连次数:通过 reconnectAttempts 属性记录当前已经尝试重连的次数。
设置最大重连次数:通过 maxReconnectAttempts 属性设置允许的最大重连次数。
重连逻辑:在 onclose 和 onerror 事件中调用重连处理函数 handleReconnect。
重连间隔:通过 reconnectInterval 属性设置每次重连的间隔时间,可以在每次重连时增加间隔以实现指数退避。
初始化连接并处理事件
在 connect 方法中,初始化 WebSocket 连接并为其设置事件处理函数。特别关注 onclose 和 onerror 事件,在连接关闭和出现错误时调用重连逻辑。
- public connect(): void {
- if (this.reconnectAttempts === 0) {
- console.log(`初始化连接中...`);
- }
- if (this.socket && this.socket.readyState === WebSocket.OPEN) {
- return;
- }
- this.socket = new WebSocket(this.url);
-
- this.socket.onopen = (event: Event) => {
- this.reconnectAttempts = 0;
- console.log(`连接成功,等待服务端数据推送[onopen]...`);
- };
- this.socket.onclose = (event: CloseEvent) => {
- if (this.reconnectAttempts === 0) {
- console.log(`连接断开[onclose]...`);
- }
- this.handleReconnect();
- };
-
- this.socket.onerror = (event: Event) => {
- if (this.reconnectAttempts === 0) {
- console.log(`连接异常[onerror]...`);
- }
- this.handleReconnect();
- };
- }
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处理重连逻辑
在 handleReconnect 方法中,实现了实际的重连逻辑。该方法会递增 reconnectAttempts,检查是否达到最大重连次数,如果没有达到,则在指定的重连间隔后再次调用 connect 方法尝试重连。
- private handleReconnect(): void {
- if (this.reconnectAttempts < this.maxReconnectAttempts) {
- this.reconnectAttempts++;
- console.log(`尝试重连... (${this.reconnectAttempts}/${this.maxReconnectAttempts})`);
- setTimeout(() => {
- this.connect();
- }, this.reconnectInterval * this.reconnectAttempts); // 重连间隔可以增加,例如指数退避
- } else {
- console.log(`最大重连失败,终止重连: ${this.url}`);
- }
- }
关闭连接
在 close 方法中,手动关闭 WebSocket 连接并将 socket 设置为 null。
- public close(): void {
- if (this.socket) {
- this.socket.close();
- this.socket = null;
- }
- }
自动心跳(Automatic Heartbeat)是一种在网络通信中常用的机制,用于维持连接的活跃状态,检测连接是否仍然有效,并及时发现和处理连接断开或故障的情况。心跳机制通过定期发送“心跳”消息(通常是一个简单的 ping 或者 pong 消息)来确认连接双方的状态。
实现自动心跳的基本思路
发送心跳消息:在 WebSocket 连接建立后,启动一个定时器,定期发送心跳消息到服务器。
接收心跳响应:服务器收到心跳消息后返回响应,客户端接收到响应后重置定时器。
检测心跳超时:如果在指定时间内没有收到心跳响应,则认为连接断开,进行重连。
- export class WebSocketClient {
- // #socket链接
- private url = '';
- // #socket实例
- private socket: WebSocket | null = null;
- // #重连次数
- private reconnectAttempts = 0;
- // #最大重连数
- private maxReconnectAttempts = 5;
- // #重连间隔
- private reconnectInterval = 10000; // 10 seconds
- // #发送心跳数据间隔
- private heartbeatInterval = 1000 * 30;
- // #计时器id
- private heartbeatTimer?: NodeJS.Timeout;
- // #彻底终止ws
- private stopWs = false;
- // *构造函数
- constructor(url: string) {
- super();
- this.url = url;
- }
- // >消息发送
- public send(message: string): void {
- if (this.socket && this.socket.readyState === WebSocket.OPEN) {
- this.socket.send(message);
- } else {
- console.error('[WebSocket] 未连接');
- }
- }
-
- // !初始化连接
- public connect(): void {
- if (this.reconnectAttempts === 0) {
- console.log('WebSocket', `初始化连接中...`);
- }
- if (this.socket && this.socket.readyState === WebSocket.OPEN) {
- return;
- }
- this.socket = new WebSocket(this.url);
-
- // !websocket连接成功
- this.socket.onopen = event => {
- this.stopWs = false;
- // 重置重连尝试成功连接
- this.reconnectAttempts = 0;
- // 在连接成功时停止当前的心跳检测并重新启动
- this.startHeartbeat();
- console.log(`连接成功,等待服务端数据推送[onopen]...`);
- };
-
- this.socket.onmessage = event => {
- this.dispatchEvent('message', event);
- this.startHeartbeat();
- };
-
- this.socket.onclose = event => {
- if (this.reconnectAttempts === 0) {
- console.log(`连接断开[onclose]...`);
- }
- if (!this.stopWs) {
- this.handleReconnect();
- }
- };
-
- this.socket.onerror = event => {
- if (this.reconnectAttempts === 0) {
- console.log(`连接异常[onerror]...`);
- }
- this.closeHeartbeat();
- };
- }
-
- // > 断网重连逻辑
- private handleReconnect(): void {
- if (this.reconnectAttempts < this.maxReconnectAttempts) {
- this.reconnectAttempts++;
- console.log('WebSocket', `尝试重连...`);
- setTimeout(() => {
- this.connect();
- }, this.reconnectInterval);
- } else {
- this.closeHeartbeat();
- console.log(`最大重连失败,终止重连: ${this.url}`);
- }
- }
-
- // >关闭连接
- public close(): void {
- if (this.socket) {
- this.stopWs = true;
- this.socket.close();
- this.socket = null;
- }
- this.closeHeartbeat();
- }
-
- // >开始心跳检测 -> 定时发送心跳消息
- private startHeartbeat(): void {
- if (this.stopWs) return;
- if (this.heartbeatTimer) {
- this.closeHeartbeat();
- }
- this.heartbeatTimer = setInterval(() => {
- if (this.socket) {
- this.socket.send(JSON.stringify({ type: 'heartBeat', data: {} }));
- console.log('WebSocket', '送心跳数据...');
- } else {
- console.error('[WebSocket] 未连接');
- }
- }, this.heartbeatInterval);
- }
-
- // >关闭心跳
- private closeHeartbeat(): void {
- clearInterval(this.heartbeatTimer);
- this.heartbeatTimer = undefined;
- }
- }

上述代码通过定时发送心跳消息来实现自动心跳机制,并结合断网重连逻辑来确保 WebSocket 连接的稳定性。
心跳机制的实现原理简析:
在连接成功时启动心跳检测
在 connect() 方法中,当 WebSocket 连接成功(onopen 事件触发)时,调用 startHeartbeat() 方法。
- this.socket.onopen = event => {
- this.stopWs = false;
- this.reconnectAttempts = 0;
- this.startHeartbeat();
- console.log(`连接成功,等待服务端数据推送[onopen]...`);
- };
定时发送心跳消息
startHeartbeat() 方法启动一个定时器,每隔 heartbeatInterval 时间(30秒)发送一次心跳消息。
- private startHeartbeat(): void {
- if (this.stopWs) return;
- if (this.heartbeatTimer) {
- this.closeHeartbeat();
- }
- this.heartbeatTimer = setInterval(() => {
- if (this.socket) {
- this.socket.send(JSON.stringify({ type: 'heartBeat', data: {} }));
- console.log('WebSocket', '发送心跳数据...');
- } else {
- console.error('[WebSocket] 未连接');
- }
- }, this.heartbeatInterval);
- }
停止心跳检测
closeHeartbeat() 方法用于停止心跳检测,清除定时器。
- private closeHeartbeat(): void {
- clearInterval(this.heartbeatTimer);
- this.heartbeatTimer = undefined;
- }
在连接断开或发生错误时停止心跳检测
在 onclose 和 onerror 事件中调用 closeHeartbeat(),停止心跳检测。
- this.socket.onclose = event => {
- if (this.reconnectAttempts === 0) {
- console.log(`连接断开[onclose]...`);
- }
- if (!this.stopWs) {
- this.handleReconnect();
- }
- };
-
- this.socket.onerror = event => {
- if (this.reconnectAttempts === 0) {
- console.log(`连接异常[onerror]...`);
- }
- this.closeHeartbeat();
- };
现在,我们已经基本完成了功能的封装,那么,我们如何在外部调用原生的websokectApi呢?非常简单,借助几个自定义的生命周期函数即可!
- import { EventDispatcher } from './dispatcher';
-
- export class WebSocketClient extends EventDispatcher {
-
- //...
- constructor(url: string) {
- super();
- this.url = url;
- }
- // >生命周期钩子
- onopen(callBack: Function) {
- this.addEventListener('open', callBack);
- }
- onmessage(callBack: Function) {
- this.addEventListener('message', callBack);
- }
- onclose(callBack: Function) {
- this.addEventListener('close', callBack);
- }
- onerror(callBack: Function) {
- this.addEventListener('error', callBack);
- }
-
- // !初始化连接
- public connect(): void {
- // ...
-
- // !websocket连接成功
- this.socket.onopen = event => {
- // ...
- this.dispatchEvent('open', event);
- };
-
- this.socket.onmessage = event => {
- this.dispatchEvent('message', event);
- this.startHeartbeat();
- };
-
- this.socket.onclose = event => {
- // ...
- this.dispatchEvent('close', event);
- };
-
- this.socket.onerror = event => {
- // ...
- this.closeHeartbeat();
- this.dispatchEvent('error', event);
- };
- }
-
- // >关闭连接
- public close(): void {
- if (this.socket) {
- this.stopWs = true;
- this.socket.close();
- this.socket = null;
- this.removeEventListener('open');
- this.removeEventListener('message');
- this.removeEventListener('close');
- this.removeEventListener('error');
- }
- this.closeHeartbeat();
- }
-
- // ...
- }

当原生的onclose、onopen方法触发时,会通过dispatchEvent触发相应的调度,进而触发通过addEventListener绑定的生命周期函数!
注意,这里的this.dispatchEvent方法,addEventListener方法都是通过类继承EventDispatcher方法获得的!
EventDispatcher源码如下:
- export class EventDispatcher {
- private listeners: { [type: string]: Function[] } = {};
-
- protected addEventListener(type: string, listener: Function) {
- if (!this.listeners[type]) {
- this.listeners[type] = [];
- }
- if (this.listeners[type].indexOf(listener) === -1) {
- this.listeners[type].push(listener);
- }
- }
-
- protected removeEventListener(type: string) {
- this.listeners[type] = [];
- }
-
- protected dispatchEvent(type: string, data: any) {
- const listenerArray = this.listeners[type] || [];
- if (listenerArray.length === 0) return;
- listenerArray.forEach(listener => {
- listener.call(this, data);
- });
- }
- }

关于EventDispatcher的实现原理,请参考博主的其他文章:
juejin.cn/post/735851…[1]
- import { EventDispatcher } from './dispatcher';
-
- export class WebSocketClient extends EventDispatcher {
- // #socket链接
- private url = '';
- // #socket实例
- private socket: WebSocket | null = null;
- // #重连次数
- private reconnectAttempts = 0;
- // #最大重连数
- private maxReconnectAttempts = 5;
- // #重连间隔
- private reconnectInterval = 10000; // 10 seconds
- // #发送心跳数据间隔
- private heartbeatInterval = 1000 * 30;
- // #计时器id
- private heartbeatTimer?: NodeJS.Timeout;
- // #彻底终止ws
- private stopWs = false;
- // *构造函数
- constructor(url: string) {
- super();
- this.url = url;
- }
- // >生命周期钩子
- onopen(callBack: Function) {
- this.addEventListener('open', callBack);
- }
- onmessage(callBack: Function) {
- this.addEventListener('message', callBack);
- }
- onclose(callBack: Function) {
- this.addEventListener('close', callBack);
- }
- onerror(callBack: Function) {
- this.addEventListener('error', callBack);
- }
- // >消息发送
- public send(message: string): void {
- if (this.socket && this.socket.readyState === WebSocket.OPEN) {
- this.socket.send(message);
- } else {
- console.error('[WebSocket] 未连接');
- }
- }
-
- // !初始化连接
- public connect(): void {
- if (this.reconnectAttempts === 0) {
- this.log('WebSocket', `初始化连接中... ${this.url}`);
- }
- if (this.socket && this.socket.readyState === WebSocket.OPEN) {
- return;
- }
- this.socket = new WebSocket(this.url);
-
- // !websocket连接成功
- this.socket.onopen = event => {
- this.stopWs = false;
- // 重置重连尝试成功连接
- this.reconnectAttempts = 0;
- // 在连接成功时停止当前的心跳检测并重新启动
- this.startHeartbeat();
- this.log('WebSocket', `连接成功,等待服务端数据推送[onopen]... ${this.url}`);
- this.dispatchEvent('open', event);
- };
-
- this.socket.onmessage = event => {
- this.dispatchEvent('message', event);
- this.startHeartbeat();
- };
-
- this.socket.onclose = event => {
- if (this.reconnectAttempts === 0) {
- this.log('WebSocket', `连接断开[onclose]... ${this.url}`);
- }
- if (!this.stopWs) {
- this.handleReconnect();
- }
- this.dispatchEvent('close', event);
- };
-
- this.socket.onerror = event => {
- if (this.reconnectAttempts === 0) {
- this.log('WebSocket', `连接异常[onerror]... ${this.url}`);
- }
- this.closeHeartbeat();
- this.dispatchEvent('error', event);
- };
- }
-
- // > 断网重连逻辑
- private handleReconnect(): void {
- if (this.reconnectAttempts < this.maxReconnectAttempts) {
- this.reconnectAttempts++;
- this.log('WebSocket', `尝试重连... (${this.reconnectAttempts}/${this.maxReconnectAttempts}) ${this.url}`);
- setTimeout(() => {
- this.connect();
- }, this.reconnectInterval);
- } else {
- this.closeHeartbeat();
- this.log('WebSocket', `最大重连失败,终止重连: ${this.url}`);
- }
- }
-
- // >关闭连接
- public close(): void {
- if (this.socket) {
- this.stopWs = true;
- this.socket.close();
- this.socket = null;
- this.removeEventListener('open');
- this.removeEventListener('message');
- this.removeEventListener('close');
- this.removeEventListener('error');
- }
- this.closeHeartbeat();
- }
-
- // >开始心跳检测 -> 定时发送心跳消息
- private startHeartbeat(): void {
- if (this.stopWs) return;
- if (this.heartbeatTimer) {
- this.closeHeartbeat();
- }
- this.heartbeatTimer = setInterval(() => {
- if (this.socket) {
- this.socket.send(JSON.stringify({ type: 'heartBeat', data: {} }));
- this.log('WebSocket', '送心跳数据...');
- } else {
- console.error('[WebSocket] 未连接');
- }
- }, this.heartbeatInterval);
- }
-
- // >关闭心跳
- private closeHeartbeat(): void {
- clearInterval(this.heartbeatTimer);
- this.heartbeatTimer = undefined;
- }
- }

- class Log {
- private static console = true;
- log(title: string, text: string) {
- if (!Log.console) return;
- if (import.meta.env.MODE === 'production') return;
- const color = '#ff4d4f';
- console.log(
- `%c ${title} %c ${text} %c`,
- `background:${color};border:1px solid ${color}; padding: 1px; border-radius: 2px 0 0 2px; color: #fff;`,
- `border:1px solid ${color}; padding: 1px; border-radius: 0 2px 2px 0; color: ${color};`,
- 'background:transparent'
- );
- }
- closeConsole() {
- Log.console = false;
- }
- }
- export class EventDispatcher extends Log {
- private listeners: { [type: string]: Function[] } = {};
-
- protected addEventListener(type: string, listener: Function) {
- if (!this.listeners[type]) {
- this.listeners[type] = [];
- }
- if (this.listeners[type].indexOf(listener) === -1) {
- this.listeners[type].push(listener);
- }
- }
-
- protected removeEventListener(type: string) {
- this.listeners[type] = [];
- }
-
- protected dispatchEvent(type: string, data: any) {
- const listenerArray = this.listeners[type] || [];
- if (listenerArray.length === 0) return;
- listenerArray.forEach(listener => {
- listener.call(this, data);
- });
- }
- }

- export class WebSocketClient extends EventDispatcher {
- // #socket链接
- url = '';
- // #socket实例
- socket = null;
- // #重连次数
- reconnectAttempts = 0;
- // #最大重连数
- maxReconnectAttempts = 5;
- // #重连间隔
- reconnectInterval = 10000; // 10 seconds
- // #发送心跳数据间隔
- heartbeatInterval = 1000 * 30;
- // #计时器id
- heartbeatTimer = undefined;
- // #彻底终止ws
- stopWs = false;
- // *构造函数
- constructor(url) {
- super();
- this.url = url;
- }
- // >生命周期钩子
- onopen(callBack) {
- this.addEventListener('open', callBack);
- }
- onmessage(callBack) {
- this.addEventListener('message', callBack);
- }
- onclose(callBack) {
- this.addEventListener('close', callBack);
- }
- onerror(callBack) {
- this.addEventListener('error', callBack);
- }
- // >消息发送
- send(message) {
- if (this.socket && this.socket.readyState === WebSocket.OPEN) {
- this.socket.send(message);
- } else {
- console.error('[WebSocket] 未连接');
- }
- }
-
- // !初始化连接
- connect() {
- if (this.reconnectAttempts === 0) {
- this.log('WebSocket', `初始化连接中... ${this.url}`);
- }
- if (this.socket && this.socket.readyState === WebSocket.OPEN) {
- return;
- }
- this.socket = new WebSocket(this.url);
-
- // !websocket连接成功
- this.socket.onopen = event => {
- this.stopWs = false;
- // 重置重连尝试成功连接
- this.reconnectAttempts = 0;
- // 在连接成功时停止当前的心跳检测并重新启动
- this.startHeartbeat();
- this.log('WebSocket', `连接成功,等待服务端数据推送[onopen]... ${this.url}`);
- this.dispatchEvent('open', event);
- };
-
- this.socket.onmessage = event => {
- this.dispatchEvent('message', event);
- this.startHeartbeat();
- };
-
- this.socket.onclose = event => {
- if (this.reconnectAttempts === 0) {
- this.log('WebSocket', `连接断开[onclose]... ${this.url}`);
- }
- if (!this.stopWs) {
- this.handleReconnect();
- }
- this.dispatchEvent('close', event);
- };
-
- this.socket.onerror = event => {
- if (this.reconnectAttempts === 0) {
- this.log('WebSocket', `连接异常[onerror]... ${this.url}`);
- }
- this.closeHeartbeat();
- this.dispatchEvent('error', event);
- };
- }
-
- // > 断网重连逻辑
- handleReconnect() {
- if (this.reconnectAttempts < this.maxReconnectAttempts) {
- this.reconnectAttempts++;
- this.log('WebSocket', `尝试重连... (${this.reconnectAttempts}/${this.maxReconnectAttempts}) ${this.url}`);
- setTimeout(() => {
- this.connect();
- }, this.reconnectInterval);
- } else {
- this.closeHeartbeat();
- this.log('WebSocket', `最大重连失败,终止重连: ${this.url}`);
- }
- }
-
- // >关闭连接
- close() {
- if (this.socket) {
- this.stopWs = true;
- this.socket.close();
- this.socket = null;
- this.removeEventListener('open');
- this.removeEventListener('message');
- this.removeEventListener('close');
- this.removeEventListener('error');
- }
- this.closeHeartbeat();
- }
-
- // >开始心跳检测 -> 定时发送心跳消息
- startHeartbeat() {
- if (this.stopWs) return;
- if (this.heartbeatTimer) {
- this.closeHeartbeat();
- }
- this.heartbeatTimer = setInterval(() => {
- if (this.socket) {
- this.socket.send(JSON.stringify({ type: 'heartBeat', data: {} }));
- this.log('WebSocket', '送心跳数据...');
- } else {
- console.error('[WebSocket] 未连接');
- }
- }, this.heartbeatInterval);
- }
-
- // >关闭心跳
- closeHeartbeat() {
- clearInterval(this.heartbeatTimer);
- this.heartbeatTimer = undefined;
- }
- }

- class Log {
- static console = true;
- log(title, text) {
- if (!Log.console) return;
- if (import.meta.env.MODE === 'production') return;
- const color = '#ff4d4f';
- console.log(
- `%c ${title} %c ${text} %c`,
- `background:${color};border:1px solid ${color}; padding: 1px; border-radius: 2px 0 0 2px; color: #fff;`,
- `border:1px solid ${color}; padding: 1px; border-radius: 0 2px 2px 0; color: ${color};`,
- 'background:transparent'
- );
- }
- closeConsole() {
- Log.console = false;
- }
- }
- export class EventDispatcher extends Log {
- listeners = {};
-
- addEventListener(type, listener) {
- if (!this.listeners[type]) {
- this.listeners[type] = [];
- }
- if (this.listeners[type].indexOf(listener) === -1) {
- this.listeners[type].push(listener);
- }
- }
-
- removeEventListener(type) {
- this.listeners[type] = [];
- }
-
- dispatchEvent(type, data) {
- const listenerArray = this.listeners[type] || [];
- if (listenerArray.length === 0) return;
- listenerArray.forEach(listener => {
- listener.call(this, data);
- });
- }
- }

这篇文章封装了weboskect,完美支持了断网重连、自动心跳的功能,且完全兼容原生写法,无任何学习负担,开开箱即用!但美中不足的是,断网重连时间、心跳数据内容目前都是写死的,大家可以根据自己的情况做一些更改,让它更灵活!
参考资料
[1]
https://juejin.cn/post/7358518759118700607: https://juejin.cn/post/7358518759118700607
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