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Springboot整合Json（Jackson，Gson，FastJson）_springboot整合jackjson

作者：空白诗007 | 2024-08-19 04:36:51

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springboot整合jackjson

文章目录

springboot整合json有三种方式,springboot默认是使用jackson的，如果要使用其他两种，要排除掉jackson

1.springboot整合jackson

1.1 pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.5.4</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.yl</groupId>
    <artifactId>springbootjackson</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>springbootjackson</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

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1.2 实体类,jackson注解的使用

package com.yl.springbootjackson.model;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.*;

import java.util.Date;

//序列化/反序列化时批量忽略属性
@JsonIgnoreProperties({"score","message"})
public class User {
    @JsonProperty(index = 92)
    private String name;
    //序列化/反序列化时忽略某一个属性
    @JsonIgnore
    private Integer sex;
    //指定属性序列化/反序列化时的名称，默认就是属性名,value指定新的属性名，index主要用于排序
    @JsonProperty(value = "aage",index = 91)
    //类似于JsonProperty中的index，用于排序
    //@JsonPropertyOrder()
    private int age;
    @JsonProperty(index = 90)
    //日期格式化，注意时区问题
    @JsonFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss",timezone = "Asia/Shanghai")
    private Date birth;
    @JsonProperty(index = 89)
    private Integer score;
    @JsonProperty(index = 88)
    private String message;


    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public Date getBirth() {
        return birth;
    }

    public void setBirth(Date birth) {
        this.birth = birth;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", birth=" + birth +
                '}';
    }
}

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1.3 controller

package com.yl.springbootjackson.controller;

import com.yl.springbootjackson.model.User;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.Date;

@RestController
public class UserController {

    @GetMapping("/getUser")
    public User getUser() {
        User user = new User();
        user.setName("小兰");
        user.setAge(19);
        user.setBirth(new Date());
        return user;
    }

    @PostMapping("/save")
    public void save(@RequestBody User user) {
        System.out.println(user);
    }

 }

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1.4 jackson全局配置

package com.yl.springbootjackson.config;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;

/**
 * jackson全局配置方式,注入ObjectMapper即可
 */
@Configuration
public class WebMVCConfig {
    @Bean
    ObjectMapper objectMapper() {
        ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
        objectMapper.setDateFormat(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"));
        return objectMapper;
    }
}

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2.springboot整合gson

2.1 pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.5.4</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.yl</groupId>
    <artifactId>springbootgson</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>springbootgson</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            <!--排除jackson依赖-->
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-json</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
        <!--gson依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId>
            <artifactId>gson</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

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2.2 实体类

package com.yl.springbootgson.model;

import com.google.gson.annotations.Expose;

import java.util.Date;

public class User {
    @Expose
    private String name;
    @Expose
    private Date birth;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Date getBirth() {
        return birth;
    }

    public void setBirth(Date birth) {
        this.birth = birth;
    }
}

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2.3 controller

package com.yl.springbootgson.controller;

import com.yl.springbootgson.model.User;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.Date;

@RestController
public class UserController {

    @GetMapping("/getUser")
    public User getUser() {
        User user = new User();
        user.setName("小南");
        user.setBirth(new Date());
        return user;
    }
}

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2.4 gson的全局配置方式

2.4.1 application.properties
spring.gson.date-format=yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss
# 是否禁用HTML的转义字符
spring.gson.disable-html-escaping=true
# 序列化时是否排除内部类
spring.gson.disable-inner-class-serialization=false
# 序列化时是否弃用复杂映射键
spring.gson.enable-complex-map-key-serialization=
# 是否排除没有@Expose注解的字段
spring.gson.exclude-fields-without-expose-annotation=true
# 序列化时字段名的命名策略
spring.gson.field-naming-policy=lower_case_with_underscores
# 在输出之前添加一些特殊的的文本来生成一个不可执行的json
spring.gson.generate-non-executable-json=
# 是否序列化空字段
spring.gson.serialize-nulls=false

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2.4.2 通过配置文件，提供一个GsonBuilder或者转换器的Bean
package com.yl.springbootgson.config;

import com.google.gson.GsonBuilder;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

/**
 * 自定义一个GsonBuilder,配置一些gson的属性
 */
@Configuration
public class WebMVCConfig {
    @Bean
    GsonBuilder gsonBuilder() {
        GsonBuilder gsonBuilder = new GsonBuilder();
        gsonBuilder.setDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
        return gsonBuilder;
    }
}

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3.springboot整合fastjson

3.1 pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.5.4</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.yl</groupId>
    <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>fastjson</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-json</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
        <!--fastjson依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.75</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

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3.2 实体类

package com.yl.fastjson.model;

import java.util.Date;

public class User {
    private String name;
    private Date birth;
    private Integer sex;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Date getBirth() {
        return birth;
    }

    public void setBirth(Date birth) {
        this.birth = birth;
    }

    public Integer getSex() {
        return sex;
    }

    public void setSex(Integer sex) {
        this.sex = sex;
    }
}

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3.3 controller

package com.yl.fastjson.controller;

import com.yl.fastjson.model.User;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.Date;

@RestController
public class UserController {

    @GetMapping("/getUser")
    public User user() {
        User user = new User();
        user.setName("小白");
        user.setBirth(new Date());
        user.setSex(0);
        return user;
    }
}

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3.4 fastjson的配置

package com.yl.fastjson.config;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.serializer.SerializerFeature;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.support.config.FastJsonConfig;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.support.spring.FastJsonHttpMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.http.converter.HttpMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;

import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * fastjson如果想要使用，必须提供一个Converter
 */
@Configuration
public class WebMvcConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {

    //方式一：继承WebMvcConfigurer，重写configureMessageConverters，将converter添加到converters中
    @Override
    public void configureMessageConverters(List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> converters) {
        FastJsonHttpMessageConverter converter = new FastJsonHttpMessageConverter();
        List supportedMediaTypes = new ArrayList<>();
        supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON);
        supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8);
        supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.APPLICATION_ATOM_XML);
        supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED);
        supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM);
        supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF);
        supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.APPLICATION_RSS_XML);
        supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.APPLICATION_XHTML_XML);
        supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.APPLICATION_XML);
        supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.IMAGE_GIF);
        supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.IMAGE_JPEG);
        supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.IMAGE_PNG);
        supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.TEXT_EVENT_STREAM);
        supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.TEXT_HTML);
        supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.TEXT_MARKDOWN);
        supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN);
        supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.TEXT_XML);
        converter.setSupportedMediaTypes(supportedMediaTypes);
        FastJsonConfig config = converter.getFastJsonConfig();
        config.setCharset(Charset.forName("UTF-8"));
        config.setDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
        config.setSerializerFeatures(SerializerFeature.PrettyFormat, SerializerFeature.WriteClassName);
        converter.setFastJsonConfig(config);
        converter.setDefaultCharset(Charset.forName("UTF-8"));
        converters.add(converter);
    }

    //方式二：注册一个Bean
//    @Bean
//    FastJsonHttpMessageConverter fastJsonHttpMessageConverter() {
//        FastJsonHttpMessageConverter converter = new FastJsonHttpMessageConverter();
//        List supportedMediaTypes = new ArrayList<>();
//        supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON);
//        supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8);
//        supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.APPLICATION_ATOM_XML);
//        supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED);
//        supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM);
//        supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF);
//        supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.APPLICATION_RSS_XML);
//        supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.APPLICATION_XHTML_XML);
//        supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.APPLICATION_XML);
//        supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.IMAGE_GIF);
//        supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.IMAGE_JPEG);
//        supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.IMAGE_PNG);
//        supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.TEXT_EVENT_STREAM);
//        supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.TEXT_HTML);
//        supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.TEXT_MARKDOWN);
//        supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN);
//        supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.TEXT_XML);
//        converter.setSupportedMediaTypes(supportedMediaTypes);
//        FastJsonConfig config = converter.getFastJsonConfig();
//        config.setCharset(Charset.forName("UTF-8"));
//        config.setDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
//        config.setSerializerFeatures(SerializerFeature.PrettyFormat, SerializerFeature.WriteClassName);
//        converter.setFastJsonConfig(config);
//        converter.setDefaultCharset(Charset.forName("UTF-8"));
//        return converter;
//    }
}

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3.总结

3.1springboot默认是使用jackson的，对jackson和gson都做了自动配置，所以一般使用这两者之一即可。如果非得要fastjson，那么必须将FastJsonHttpMessageConverter注册到容器中或者实现WebMvcConfigurer接口重写configureMessageConverters方法，将FastJsonHttpMessageConverter对象加到converters集合中即可。
3.2 除此之外，我们也可以自定义jackson或者gson的转换器，然后在里面设置一些自己需要的属性，然后注册到容器中即可使用

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