SpringBoot3整合Elasticsearch8.x之全面保姆级教程_springboot集成elasticsearch8.x

整合ES

环境准备

1. 安装配置ES：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_50864152/article/details/136724528
2. 安装配置Kibana：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_50864152/article/details/136727707
3. 新建项目：新建名为web的SpringBoot3项目

elasticsearch-java

公共配置

1. 介绍：一个开源的高扩展的分布式全文检索引擎，可以近乎实时的存储 和检索数据
2. 依赖：web模块引入elasticsearch-java依赖---但其版本必须与你下载的ES的版本一致

<!-- 若不存在Spring Data ES的某个版本支持你下的ES版本,则使用  -->
<!-- ES 官方提供的在JAVA环境使用的依赖 -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>co.elastic.clients</groupId>
  <artifactId>elasticsearch-java</artifactId>
  <version>8.11.1</version>
</dependency>

<!-- 和第一个依赖是一起的,为了解决springboot项目的兼容性问题  -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
  <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
</dependency>
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3. 配置：web模块dev目录application-dal添加

使用open＋@Value("${elasticsearch.open}")的方式不能放到Nacos配置中心

# elasticsearch配置
elasticsearch:
  # 自定义属性---设置是否开启ES,false表不开窍ES
  open: true
  # es集群名称,如果下载es设置了集群名称,则使用配置的集群名称
  clusterName: es
  hosts: 127.0.0.1:9200
  # es 请求方式
  scheme: http
  # es 连接超时时间
  connectTimeOut: 1000
  # es socket 连接超时时间
  socketTimeOut: 30000
  # es 请求超时时间
  connectionRequestTimeOut: 500
  # es 最大连接数
  maxConnectNum: 100
  # es 每个路由的最大连接数
  maxConnectNumPerRoute: 100
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4. 配置：web模块config包下新建ElasticSearchConfig类

package cn.bytewisehub.pai.web.config;

import co.elastic.clients.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchClient;
import co.elastic.clients.json.jackson.JacksonJsonpMapper;
import co.elastic.clients.transport.ElasticsearchTransport;
import co.elastic.clients.transport.rest_client.RestClientTransport;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.http.HttpHost;
import org.apache.http.auth.AuthScope;
import org.apache.http.auth.UsernamePasswordCredentials;
import org.apache.http.client.CredentialsProvider;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.BasicCredentialsProvider;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RestClient;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RestClientBuilder;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Slf4j
@Data
@Configuration
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "elasticsearch")
public class ElasticSearchConfig {

    // 是否开启ES
    private Boolean open;

    // es 集群host ip 地址
    private String hosts;

    // es用户名
    private String userName;

    // es密码
    private String password;

    // es 请求方式
    private String scheme;

    // es集群名称
    private String clusterName;

    // es 连接超时时间
    private int connectTimeOut;

    // es socket 连接超时时间
    private int socketTimeOut;

    // es 请求超时时间
    private int connectionRequestTimeOut;

    // es 最大连接数
    private int maxConnectNum;

    // es 每个路由的最大连接数
    private int maxConnectNumPerRoute;

    // es api key
    private String apiKey;


    public RestClientBuilder creatBaseConfBuilder(String scheme){


        // 1. 单节点ES Host获取
        String host = hosts.split(":")[0];
        String port = hosts.split(":")[1];
        // The value of the schemes attribute used by noSafeRestClient() is http
        // but The value of the schemes attribute used by safeRestClient() is https
        HttpHost httpHost = new HttpHost(host, Integer.parseInt(port),scheme);

        // 2. 创建构建器对象
        //RestClientBuilder: ES客户端库的构建器接口,用于构建RestClient实例;允许你配置与Elasticsearch集群的连接,设置请求超时,设置身份验证,配置代理等
        RestClientBuilder builder = RestClient.builder(httpHost);

        // 连接延时配置
        builder.setRequestConfigCallback(requestConfigBuilder -> {
            requestConfigBuilder.setConnectTimeout(connectTimeOut);
            requestConfigBuilder.setSocketTimeout(socketTimeOut);
            requestConfigBuilder.setConnectionRequestTimeout(connectionRequestTimeOut);
            return requestConfigBuilder;
        });

        // 3. HttpClient 连接数配置
        builder.setHttpClientConfigCallback(httpClientBuilder -> {
            httpClientBuilder.setMaxConnTotal(maxConnectNum);
            httpClientBuilder.setMaxConnPerRoute(maxConnectNumPerRoute);
            return httpClientBuilder;
        });

        return builder;
    }
}
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5. 测试：web模块test目录下新建ElasticSearchTest类

@Slf4j
@SpringBootTest
public class ElasticSearchTest {

    @Value("${elasticsearch.open}")
    // 是否开启ES,默认开启
    String open = "true";
}
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直接连接ES

1. 设置：ES Elasticsearch.yml的xpack.security.enabled属性设置为false

xpack.security.enabled：
● 默认true：必须使用账号连接ES
● 若为false：必须使用http://localhost:9200/访问ES服务+启动Kibana服务会失败+不需要使用账号连接，但必须使用HTTP连接

3. 添加：ElasticSearchConfig类添加下列方法

/**
* @function: 创建使用http连接来直接连接ES服务器的客户端
* 如果@Bean没有指定bean的名称,那么这个bean的名称就是方法名
*/
@Bean(name = "directConnectionESClient")
public ElasticsearchClient directConnectionESClient(){

    RestClientBuilder builder = creatBaseConfBuilder((scheme == "http")?"http":"http");
    
    //Create the transport with a Jackson mapper
    ElasticsearchTransport transport = new RestClientTransport(builder.build(), new JacksonJsonpMapper());

    //And create the API client
    ElasticsearchClient esClient = new ElasticsearchClient(transport);

    return esClient;
};
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3. 添加：ElasticSearchTest类中添加下列代码---索引名必须小写
4. 运行：设置跳过测试--->手动运行/不跳过--->直接install，但不运行测试

@Resource(name = "directConnectionESClient")
ElasticsearchClient directConnectionESClient;


@Test
public void directConnectionTest() throws IOException {

if (open.equals("true")) {
    //创建索引
    CreateIndexResponse response = directConnectionESClient.indices().create(c -> c.index("direct_connection_index"));
    log.info(response.toString());
}
else{
    log.info("es is closed");
}
}
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账号密码连接ES

1. 设置：ES Elasticsearch.yml的xpack.security.enabled属性使用默认值+ xpack.security.http.ssl.enabled设置为false

注意：若xpack.security.enabled属性为false，则xpack.security.http.ssl.enabled属性不生效，即相当于设置为false；所有以xpack开头的属性都不会生效

ES Elasticsearch.yml的xpack.security.http.ssl.enabled：
● 默认true：必须使用https://localhost:9200/访问ES服务+启动Kibana服务会成功+需要使用账号连接+必须使用HTTPS连接
● 若为false：必须使用http://localhost:9200/访问ES服务+启动Kibana服务会失败+需要使用账号连接，但必须使用HTTP连接

2. 配置：dev目录application-dal中添加下列配置

# elasticsearch配置
elasticsearch:
  userName:  #自己的账号名
  password:  #自己的密码
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3. 添加：ElasticSearchTest类中添加下列代码---索引名必须小写+不能有空格
4. 运行：设置跳过测试--->手动运行/不跳过--->直接install，但不运行测试

@Resource(name = "accountConnectionESClient")
ElasticsearchClient accountConnectionESClient;


@Test
public void accountConnectionTest() throws IOException {

if (open.equals("true")) {
    //创建索引
    CreateIndexResponse response = accountConnectionESClient.indices().create(c -> c.index("account_connection_index"));
    log.info(response.toString());
}
else{
    log.info("es is closed");
}
}
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证书账号连接ES

1. 设置：ES Elasticsearch.yml的xpack.security.enabled和xpack.security.http.ssl.enabled配置项使用默认值

设置为true后，ES就走https，若scheme为http，则报Unrecognized SSL message错误

2. 配置：将dev目录application-dal中elasticsearch.scheme配置项改成https
3. 证书添加：终端输入keytool -importcert -alias es_https_ca -keystore "D:\computelTool\Java\JDK\JDK21\lib\security\cacerts" -file "D:\computelTool\database\elasticsearch8111\config\certs\http_ca.crt"

keytool -delete -alias es_https_ca -keystore "D:\computelTool\Java\JDK\JDK21\lib\security\cacerts" ---与上面的命令相反

4. 拷贝：将ESconfig目录下certs目录下的http_ca.crt文件拷贝到web模块resource目录
5. 添加：ElasticSearchConfig类添加下列方法

/**
* @function: 创建用于安全连接(证书 + 账号)ES服务器的客户端
* 如果@Bean没有指定bean的名称,那么这个bean的名称就是方法名
*/
@Bean(name = "accountAndCertificateConnectionESClient")
public ElasticsearchClient accountAndCertificateConnectionESClient() {


    RestClientBuilder builder = creatBaseConfBuilder( (scheme == "https")?"https":"https");

    // 1.账号密码的配置
    //CredentialsProvider: 用于提供 HTTP 身份验证凭据的接口; 允许你配置用户名和密码,以便在与服务器建立连接时进行身份验证
    CredentialsProvider credentialsProvider = new BasicCredentialsProvider();
    credentialsProvider.setCredentials(AuthScope.ANY, new UsernamePasswordCredentials(userName, password));

    // 2.设置自签证书,并且还包含了账号密码
    builder.setHttpClientConfigCallback(httpAsyncClientBuilder -> httpAsyncClientBuilder
                                        .setSSLContext(buildSSLContext())
                                        .setSSLHostnameVerifier(NoopHostnameVerifier.INSTANCE)
                                        .setDefaultCredentialsProvider(credentialsProvider));

    RestClientTransport transport = new RestClientTransport(builder.build(), new JacksonJsonpMapper());

    //And create the API client
    ElasticsearchClient esClient = new ElasticsearchClient(transport);

    return esClient;
}

private static SSLContext buildSSLContext() {

    // 读取http_ca.crt证书
    ClassPathResource resource = new ClassPathResource("http_ca.crt");
    SSLContext sslContext = null;
    try {
        // 证书工厂
        CertificateFactory factory = CertificateFactory.getInstance("X.509");
        Certificate trustedCa;
        try (InputStream is = resource.getInputStream()) {
            trustedCa = factory.generateCertificate(is);
        }
        // 密钥库
        KeyStore trustStore = KeyStore.getInstance("pkcs12");
        trustStore.load(null, "liuxiansheng".toCharArray());
        trustStore.setCertificateEntry("ca", trustedCa);
        SSLContextBuilder sslContextBuilder = SSLContexts.custom()
                 .loadTrustMaterial(trustStore, null);
        sslContext = sslContextBuilder.build();
    } catch (CertificateException | IOException | KeyStoreException | NoSuchAlgorithmException |
                 KeyManagementException e) {
        log.error("ES连接认证失败", e);
    }
    return sslContext;
}

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7. 测试：ElasticSearchTest类添加

@Resource(name = "accountAndCertificateConnectionESClient")
ElasticsearchClient accountAndCertificateConnectionESClient;

@Test
public void  accountAndCertificateConnectionTest() throws IOException {

if (open.equals("true")) {
    //创建索引
    CreateIndexResponse response =  accountAndCertificateConnectionESClient.indices().create(c -> c.index("account_and_certificate_connection_index"));
    log.info(response.toString());
    System.out.println(response.toString());
}
else{
    log.info("es is closed");
}
}
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Spring Data ES

公共配置

1. 依赖：web模块引入该依赖---但其版本必须与你下载的ES的版本一致

版本：点击https://spring.io/projects/spring-data-elasticsearch#learn，点击GA版本的Reference Doc，点击version查看Spring Data ES与ES版本的支持关系

参考：https://www.yuque.com/itwanger/vn4p17/wslq2t/https://blog.csdn.net/qq_40885085/article/details/105023026

<!-- 若存在Spring Data ES的某个版本支持你下的ES版本,则使用  -->
<!-- Spring官方在ES官方提供的JAVA环境使用的依赖的基础上做了封装 -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch</artifactId>
</dependency>

<!-- ESTestEntity用到 -->
<dependency>
	<groupId>jakarta.servlet</groupId>
	<artifactId>jakarta.servlet-api</artifactId>
	<version>6.0.0</version>
	<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>

<!-- ESTestEntity用到 -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
  <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
  <scope>provided</scope>
  <!--provided：指定该依赖项在编译时是必需的，才会生效, 但在运行时不需要,也不会生效-->
  <!--这样 Lombok 会在编译期静悄悄地将带 Lombok 注解的源码文件正确编译为完整的 class 文件 -->
</dependency>
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2. 新建：web模块TestEntity目录新建ESTestEntity

@Data
@EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper = false)
@Document(indexName = "test")
public class ESTestEntity implements Serializable {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    @Id
    private Long id;

    @Field(type = FieldType.Text, analyzer = "ik_max_word")
    private String content;

    private String title;

    private String excerpt;
}
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3. 新建：web模块TestRepository包下新建ESTestRepository 接口

import cn.bytewisehub.pai.web.TestEntity.ESTestEntity;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Page;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Pageable;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.repository.ElasticsearchRepository;

public interface ESTestRepository extends ElasticsearchRepository<ESTestEntity, Long> {
}
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直接连接ES

1. 配置：ES Elasticsearch.yml的xpack.security.enabled属性设置为false

xpack.security.enabled：
● 默认true：必须使用账号连接ES
● 若为false：必须使用http://localhost:9200/访问ES服务+启动Kibana服务会失败+不需要使用账号连接，但必须使用HTTP连接

2. 配置：web模块dev目录application-dal添加

spring:
  elasticsearch:
    uris:
      - http://127.0.0.1:9200
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3. 新建：web模块test目录新建ElasticsearchTemplateTest

import cn.bytewisehub.pai.web.TestEntity.ESTestEntity;
import cn.bytewisehub.pai.web.TestRepository.ESTestRepository;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.client.elc.ElasticsearchTemplate;

@SpringBootTest
public class ElasticsearchTemplateTest {

    @Autowired
    ESTestRepository esTestRepository;

    @Autowired
    ElasticsearchTemplate elasticsearchTemplate;

    @Test
    void save() {
        ESTestEntity esTestEntity = new ESTestEntity();
        esTestEntity.setId(1L);
        esTestEntity.setContent("不安全连接");
        esTestEntity.setTitle("world");
        esTestEntity.setExcerpt("test");
        System.out.println(elasticsearchTemplate.save(esTestEntity));
    }

    @Test
    void insert() {
        ESTestEntity esTestEntity = new ESTestEntity();
        esTestEntity.setId(2L);
        esTestEntity.setContent("不安全连接");
        esTestEntity.setTitle("world");
        esTestEntity.setExcerpt("test");
        System.out.println(esTestRepository.save(esTestEntity));
    }
}
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4. 访问：点击http://localhost:9200/test/_search ---查询索引库test
   

HTTP连接ES

1. 配置：ES Elasticsearch.yml的xpack.security.enabled属性使用默认值+ xpack.security.http.ssl.enabled设置为false

ES Elasticsearch.yml的xpack.security.http.ssl.enabled：
● 默认true：必须使用https://localhost:9200/访问ES服务+启动Kibana服务会成功+需要使用账号连接+必须使用HTTPS连接
● 若为false：必须使用http://localhost:9200/访问ES服务+启动Kibana服务会失败+需要使用账号连接，但必须使用HTTP连接

2. 配置：web模块dev目录application-dal添加

spring:
  elasticsearch:
    uris:
      - http://127.0.0.1:9200
    username:  # 账号用户名
    password:  #账号密码
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3. 修改：web模块test目录下ElasticsearchTemplateTest修改成这样，其他参见直接连接

import cn.bytewisehub.pai.web.TestEntity.ESTestEntity;
import cn.bytewisehub.pai.web.TestRepository.ESTestRepository;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.client.elc.ElasticsearchTemplate;

@SpringBootTest
public class ElasticsearchTemplateTest {

    @Autowired
    ESTestRepository esTestRepository;

    @Autowired
    ElasticsearchTemplate elasticsearchTemplate;

    @Test
    void save() {
        ESTestEntity esTestEntity = new ESTestEntity();
        esTestEntity.setId(1L);
        esTestEntity.setContent("不安全连接");
        esTestEntity.setTitle("world");
        esTestEntity.setExcerpt("test");
        System.out.println(elasticsearchTemplate.save(esTestEntity));
    }

    @Test
    void insert() {
        ESTestEntity esTestEntity = new ESTestEntity();
        esTestEntity.setId(2L);
        esTestEntity.setContent("不安全连接");
        esTestEntity.setTitle("world");
        esTestEntity.setExcerpt("test");
        System.out.println(esTestRepository.save(esTestEntity));
    }
}
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4. 访问：点击http://localhost:9200/test/_search ---查询索引库test

HTTPS连接ES

1. 配置：ES Elasticsearch.yml的xpack.security.enabled和xpack.security.http.ssl.enabled属性使用默认值
2. 配置：web模块dev目录application-dal添加

spring:
  elasticsearch:
    uris:
      - https://127.0.0.1:9200
    username:  # 账号用户名
    password:  #账号密码
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3. 修改：web模块test目录下ElasticsearchTemplateTest修改成这样，其他参见直接连接

import cn.bytewisehub.pai.web.TestEntity.ESTestEntity;
import cn.bytewisehub.pai.web.TestRepository.ESTestRepository;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.client.elc.ElasticsearchTemplate;

@SpringBootTest
public class ElasticsearchTemplateTest {

    @Autowired
    ESTestRepository esTestRepository;

    @Autowired
    ElasticsearchTemplate elasticsearchTemplate;

    @Test
    void save() {
        ESTestEntity esTestEntity = new ESTestEntity();
        esTestEntity.setId(1L);
        esTestEntity.setContent("不安全连接");
        esTestEntity.setTitle("world");
        esTestEntity.setExcerpt("test");
        System.out.println(elasticsearchTemplate.save(esTestEntity));
    }

    @Test
    void insert() {
        ESTestEntity esTestEntity = new ESTestEntity();
        esTestEntity.setId(2L);
        esTestEntity.setContent("不安全连接");
        esTestEntity.setTitle("world");
        esTestEntity.setExcerpt("test");
        System.out.println(esTestRepository.save(esTestEntity));
    }
}
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4. 访问：点击http://localhost:9200/test/_search ---查询索引库test