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设计模式-构造者模式

作者：笔触狂放9 | 2024-03-01 07:30:16

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设计模式-构造者模式

案例引入

假如我们有下面这个config，其中必填的参数有很多，非必填的参数也有几个，maxThread和cpuCore 存在依赖关系。我们可以通过构造参数 + set 来进行赋值操作, 可以实现我们的功能。

public class VirtualHostConfig {
    /**
     * 构造函数
     */
    public VirtualHostConfig(String host, int port, int cpuCore, int diskSize, int netWorkTraffic, int maxThread, boolean allowSsh) {
        this.host = host;
        this.port = port;
        this.cpuCore = cpuCore;
        this.diskSize = diskSize;
        this.netWorkTraffic = netWorkTraffic;
        this.allowSsh = allowSsh;
        this.maxThread = maxThread;
        if (StrUtil.isBlank(host)) {
            System.out.println("host must fill");
            throw new RuntimeException("host must fill");
        }
        if (this.port <= 0 || this.port >= 65535) {
            System.out.println("port invalid");
            throw new RuntimeException("port invalid");
        }
        if (this.cpuCore <= 0 || this.cpuCore > 8) {
            System.out.println("cpu core must lt 8");
            throw new RuntimeException("cpu core must lt 8");
        }
        if (this.maxThread <= 0 || this.maxThread > 8) {
            System.out.println("maxThread must lt 8");
            throw new RuntimeException("maxThread must lt 8");
        }
        if (this.diskSize < 256 || this.diskSize > 1024 || this.diskSize % 8 != 0) {
            System.out.println("diskSize not valid");
            throw new RuntimeException("diskSize not valid");
        }

        if (this.netWorkTraffic < 1 || this.netWorkTraffic > 10) {
            System.out.println("netWorkTraffic invalid");
            throw new RuntimeException("netWorkTraffic invalid");
        }
        // 存在依赖关系
        if (this.maxThread > this.cpuCore) {
            System.out.println("maxThread invalid");
            throw new RuntimeException("maxThread invalid");
        }

    }
    /**
     *  必填 主机名称
     */
    private String host;
    /**
     *  必填 0~65535
     */
    private int port = -1;

    /**
     * 非必填 但是不能超过 cpuCore
     */
    private int maxThread;

    /**
     * 必填 CPU 不超过8 填完不允许修改
     */
    private int cpuCore = -1;


    /**
     * 非必填 缓存 不超过 512
     */
    private int cacheSize = -1;

    /**
     *  非必填 服务器别名
     */
    private String alisaName;

    /**
     * 必填 磁盘大小
     */
    private int diskSize = -1;

    /**
     * 必填 网络带宽
     */
    private int netWorkTraffic = -1;

    /**
     * 必填 是否允许ssh
     */
    private boolean allowSsh;

    public int getMaxThread() {
        return maxThread;
    }

    public void setMaxThread(int maxThread) {
        this.maxThread = maxThread;
    }

    public int getCacheSize() {
        return cacheSize;
    }

    public void setCacheSize(int cacheSize) {
        this.cacheSize = cacheSize;
    }

    public String getAlisaName() {
        return alisaName;
    }

    public void setAlisaName(String alisaName) {
        this.alisaName = alisaName;
    }

    public String getHost() {
        return host;
    }

    public int getPort() {
        return port;
    }

    public int getCpuCore() {
        return cpuCore;
    }

    public int getDiskSize() {
        return diskSize;
    }

    public int getNetWorkTraffic() {
        return netWorkTraffic;
    }

    public boolean isAllowSsh() {
        return allowSsh;
    }
}
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现在有这样几个需求：
1 要求这个config一旦填好了以后不可以修改。
2 公司要求参数方法的参数列表不可超过5个，否则扣钱。

为了满足2这个时候我们可以也可以把必填的参数通过set的方式来注入，但是这样违背了1，同样之前非必填通过set注入也违背了1.并且如果通过set注入的话，我们的校验逻辑也没有地方放置。这个时候构造模式来拯救我们了。

构造者模式

public class VirtualHostConfig {
    /**
     *  必填 主机名称
     */
    private String host;
    /**
     *  必填 0~65535
     */
    private int port = -1;

    /**
     * 非必填 但是不能超过 cpuCore
     */
    private int maxThread;

    /**
     * 必填 CPU 不超过8 填完不允许修改
     */
    private int cpuCore = -1;


    /**
     * 非必填 缓存 不超过 512
     */
    private int cacheSize = -1;

    /**
     *  非必填 服务器别名
     */
    private String alisaName;

    /**
     * 必填 磁盘大小
     */
    private int diskSize = -1;

    /**
     * 必填 网络带宽
     */
    private int netWorkTraffic = -1;

    /**
     * 必填 是否允许ssh
     */
    private boolean allowSsh;
    public VirtualHostConfig(Builder builder) {
        this.host = builder.host;
        this.port = builder.port;
        this.cpuCore = builder.cpuCore;
        this.diskSize = builder.diskSize;
        this.netWorkTraffic = builder.netWorkTraffic;
        this.allowSsh = builder.allowSsh;
        this.alisaName = builder.alisaName;
        this.cacheSize = builder.cacheSize;
        this.maxThread = builder.maxThread;
    }
    public int getMaxThread() {
        return maxThread;
    }

    public void setMaxThread(int maxThread) {
        this.maxThread = maxThread;
    }

    public int getCacheSize() {
        return cacheSize;
    }

    public void setCacheSize(int cacheSize) {
        this.cacheSize = cacheSize;
    }

    public String getAlisaName() {
        return alisaName;
    }

    public void setAlisaName(String alisaName) {
        this.alisaName = alisaName;
    }

    public String getHost() {
        return host;
    }

    public int getPort() {
        return port;
    }

    public int getCpuCore() {
        return cpuCore;
    }

    public int getDiskSize() {
        return diskSize;
    }

    public int getNetWorkTraffic() {
        return netWorkTraffic;
    }

    public boolean isAllowSsh() {
        return allowSsh;
    }
    static class Builder {
        /**
         *  必填 主机名称
         */
        private String host;
        /**
         *  必填 0~65535
         */
        private int port = -1;

        /**
         * 非必填 但是不能超过 cpuCore
         */
        private int maxThread;

        /**
         * 必填 CPU 不超过8 填完不允许修改
         */
        private int cpuCore = -1;


        /**
         * 非必填 缓存 不超过 512
         */
        private int cacheSize = -1;

        /**
         *  非必填 服务器别名
         */
        private String alisaName;

        /**
         * 必填 磁盘大小
         */
        private int diskSize = -1;

        /**
         * 必填 网络带宽
         */
        private int netWorkTraffic = -1;

        /**
         * 必填 是否允许ssh
         */
        private boolean allowSsh;
        public Builder() {

        }
        public Builder host(String host) {
            this.host = host;
            return this;
        }
        public Builder alisaName(String alisaName) {
            this.alisaName = alisaName;
            return this;
        }
        public Builder port(int port) {
            this.port = port;
            return this;
        }
        public Builder diskSize(int diskSize) {
            this.diskSize = diskSize;
            return this;
        }
        public Builder cacheSize(int cacheSize) {
            this.cacheSize = cacheSize;
            return this;
        }
        public Builder netWorkTraffic(int netWorkTraffic) {
            this.netWorkTraffic = netWorkTraffic;
            return this;
        }
        public Builder cpuCore(int cpuCore) {
            this.cpuCore = cpuCore;
            return this;
        }
        public Builder allowSsh(boolean allowSsh) {
            this.allowSsh = allowSsh;
            return this;
        }
        public Builder maxThread(int maxThread) {
            this.maxThread = maxThread;
            return this;
        }
        public VirtualHostConfig build() {
            if (StrUtil.isBlank(host)) {
                System.out.println("host must fill");
                throw new RuntimeException("host must fill");
            }
            if (this.port <= 0 || this.port >= 65535) {
                System.out.println("port invalid");
                throw new RuntimeException("port invalid");
            }
            if (this.cpuCore <= 0 || this.cpuCore > 8) {
                System.out.println("cpu core must lt 8");
                throw new RuntimeException("cpu core must lt 8");
            }
            if (this.maxThread <= 0 || this.maxThread > 8) {
                System.out.println("maxThread must lt 8");
                throw new RuntimeException("maxThread must lt 8");
            }
            if (this.diskSize < 256 || this.diskSize > 1024 || this.diskSize % 8 != 0) {
                System.out.println("diskSize not valid");
                throw new RuntimeException("diskSize not valid");
            }

            if (this.netWorkTraffic < 1 || this.netWorkTraffic > 10) {
                System.out.println("netWorkTraffic invalid");
                throw new RuntimeException("netWorkTraffic invalid");
            }
            // 存在依赖关系
            if (this.maxThread > this.cpuCore) {
                System.out.println("maxThread invalid");
                throw new RuntimeException("maxThread invalid");
            }
            return new VirtualHostConfig(this);
        }
    }
}
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是不是感觉这种写法更好呢？这样设置了属性以后就不可以被修改了。

public static void main(String[] args) {
    VirtualHostConfig config = new Builder()
            .host("127.0.0.1")
            .cpuCore(8)
            .netWorkTraffic(2)
            .port(8989)
            .diskSize(512)
            .cacheSize(128)
            .alisaName("server1")
            .allowSsh(false)
            .maxThread(7)
            .build();
    System.out.println(JSONUtil.toJsonStr(config));
}
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