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实验二 UI设计(一)
实验目的:
自主完成一个简单APP的设计工作,综合应用已经学到的Android UI设计技巧,重点注意合理使用布局。
实验要求:
1.完成一个计算器的设计,可以以手机自带的计算器为参考。设计过程中,注意考虑界面的美观性,不同机型的适应性,以及功能的完备性。
2.注意结合Activity的生命周期,考虑不同情况下计算器的界面状态。
3.如有余力,可以考虑实现一个高精度科学计算型的计算器。
实现效果:
整数和浮点数的加减乘除、取余、开根号,异号、清零 计算结果全部实现。
精度保留到小数点后100位,比如下面是√3的计算结果。(可以自行修改精度)
完全满足日常使用,可以取代手机自带的计算器软件。。。
程序主要包含Mainactivity.java、Calculator.java 和 activity_main.xml三个文件,分别用于控制、逻辑和视图。符合MVC框架。
文件结构:
代码:
MainActivity.java
package com.example.calculator; import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.View; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.TextView; public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity { TextView textView1,textView2,textView_op,textView_res; Calculator calculator; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); textView1=(TextView) findViewById(R.id.textview_num1); textView2=(TextView)findViewById(R.id.textview_num2); textView_op=(TextView)findViewById(R.id.textview_op); textView_res=(TextView)findViewById(R.id.textview_res); Button t_C=(Button) findViewById(R.id.C); Button t_genhao=(Button) findViewById(R.id.genhao); Button t_quyu=(Button) findViewById(R.id.quyu); Button t_add=(Button) findViewById(R.id.add); Button t_num7=(Button) findViewById(R.id.num7); Button t_num8=(Button) findViewById(R.id.num8); Button t_num9=(Button) findViewById(R.id.num9); Button t_sub=(Button) findViewById(R.id.sub); Button t_num4=(Button) findViewById(R.id.num4); Button t_num5=(Button) findViewById(R.id.num5); Button t_num6=(Button) findViewById(R.id.num6); Button t_xinghao=(Button) findViewById(R.id.xinghao); Button t_num1=(Button) findViewById(R.id.num1); Button t_num2=(Button) findViewById(R.id.num2); Button t_num3=(Button) findViewById(R.id.num3); Button t_chuhao=(Button) findViewById(R.id.chuhao); Button t_jiahuojian=(Button) findViewById(R.id.jiahuojian); Button t_num0=(Button) findViewById(R.id.num0); Button t_dian=(Button) findViewById(R.id.dian); Button t_denhao=(Button) findViewById(R.id.denhao); calculator=new Calculator(); View.OnClickListener buttonlistener=new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View view) { String show=((Button)view).getText().toString(); calculator.process(show); textView1.setText(calculator.getSnum1()); textView_op.setText(calculator.getSop()); textView2.setText(calculator.getSnum2()); textView_res.setText(calculator.getSres()); } }; t_num0.setOnClickListener(buttonlistener); t_num1.setOnClickListener(buttonlistener); t_num2.setOnClickListener(buttonlistener); t_num3.setOnClickListener(buttonlistener); t_num4.setOnClickListener(buttonlistener); t_num5.setOnClickListener(buttonlistener); t_num6.setOnClickListener(buttonlistener); t_num7.setOnClickListener(buttonlistener); t_num8.setOnClickListener(buttonlistener); t_num9.setOnClickListener(buttonlistener); t_C.setOnClickListener(buttonlistener); t_genhao.setOnClickListener(buttonlistener); t_quyu.setOnClickListener(buttonlistener); t_jiahuojian.setOnClickListener(buttonlistener); t_add.setOnClickListener(buttonlistener); t_sub.setOnClickListener(buttonlistener); t_xinghao.setOnClickListener(buttonlistener); t_chuhao.setOnClickListener(buttonlistener); t_dian.setOnClickListener(buttonlistener); t_denhao.setOnClickListener(buttonlistener); } }
Calculator.java
package com.example.calculator; import static java.math.BigDecimal.ROUND_HALF_UP; import java.math.BigDecimal; import java.math.MathContext; import java.math.RoundingMode; public class Calculator { BigDecimal b1,b2,bres; boolean floatflag1,floatflag2; int scale; String snum1,snum2,sop,sres; enum state{state_i1,state_i2,state_init,state_res}; state s; //enum operator{op_add,op_sub,op_mul,op_div,op_none} //operator op; public Calculator(){ scale=100; floatflag1=false; floatflag2=false; clear(); } public void process(String show) { if(show.charAt(0)>='0'&& show.charAt(0)<='9')//输入数字 { switch (s) { case state_init: if(show.charAt(0)=='0')break; snum1=show; s=state.state_i1; break; case state_i1: snum1+=show; break; case state_i2: snum2+=show; break; case state_res: clear(); process(show); break; } } else//输入操作符 { switch (show) { case "C": clear(); break; case "+": switch (s) { case state_init: sop=show;s=state.state_i2; break; case state_i1: sop=show;s=state.state_i2; break; case state_i2: if(snum2=="") { sop=show; break; } snum1=getres(2);snum2="";sres="";sop=show; break; case state_res: if(sres.contains("error")) { clear(); break; } sop=show;snum1=sres;snum2="";sres="";s=state.state_i2; break; } break; case "=": switch (s) { case state_i1: if(snum1.charAt(snum1.length()-1)=='.')snum1+="0"; sres=snum1; snum1=""; snum2=""; sop=""; s=state.state_res; break; case state_i2: if(snum2=="")break; if(snum2.charAt(snum2.length()-1)=='.')break; sres=getres(2); snum1=""; snum2=""; sop=""; s=state.state_res; break; default:break; } break; case "-": switch (s) { case state_init: sop=show;s=state.state_i2; break; case state_i1: sop=show;s=state.state_i2; break; case state_i2: if(snum2=="") { sop=show; break; } snum1=getres(2);snum2="";sres="";sop=show; break; case state_res: if(sres.contains("error")) { clear(); break; } sop=show;snum1=sres;snum2="";sres="";s=state.state_i2; break; } break; case "*": switch (s) { case state_init: sop=show;s=state.state_i2; break; case state_i1: sop=show;s=state.state_i2; break; case state_i2: if(snum2=="") { sop=show; break; } snum1=getres(2);snum2="";sres="";sop=show; break; case state_res: if(sres.contains("error")) { clear(); break; } sop=show;snum1=sres;snum2="";sres="";s=state.state_i2; break; } break; case "/": switch (s) { case state_init: sop=show;s=state.state_i2; break; case state_i1: sop=show;s=state.state_i2; break; case state_i2: if(snum2=="") { sop=show; break; } snum1=getres(2);snum2="";sres="";sop=show; break; case state_res: if(sres.contains("error")) { clear(); break; } sop=show;snum1=sres;snum2="";sres="";s=state.state_i2; break; } break; case "√": switch (s) { case state_init: snum1="";snum2="";sop="";sres="0";s=state.state_res; break; case state_i1: sop=show;sres=getres(1);snum1="";snum2="";sop="";s=state.state_res; break; case state_i2: if(snum2=="")break; String t=snum1;snum1=snum2; String t_op=sop;sop=show; snum2=getres(1); snum1=t; sop=t_op; sres=""; break; case state_res: if(sres.contains("error")) { clear(); break; } sop=show; snum1=sres; sres=getres(1); snum1=""; sop=""; break; } break; case "%": switch (s) { case state_init: break; case state_i1: if(snum1.contains("."))break; sop=show;s=state.state_i2; break; case state_i2: if(snum2=="") { if(!snum1.contains(".")) sop=show; break; } snum1=getres(2);snum2="";sres="";sop=show; break; case state_res: if(sres.contains("error")) { clear(); break; } if(sres.contains("."))break; sop=show;snum1=sres;snum2="";sres="";s=state.state_i2; break; } break; case "+/-": switch (s) { case state_init: break; case state_i1: if(snum1.charAt(0)!='-') snum1="-"+snum1; else snum1=snum1.substring(1); break; case state_i2: if(snum2=="")break; if(snum2.charAt(0)!='-') snum2="-"+snum2; else snum2=snum2.substring(1); break; case state_res: if(sres.contains("error")) { clear(); break; } if(sres.charAt(0)!='-'&& !sres.equals(0)) sres="-"+sres; else sres=sres.substring(1); snum1=sres; snum2=""; sres=""; sop=""; if(snum1.equals("0")) s=state.state_init; else s=state.state_i1; break; } break; case ".": switch (s) { case state_init: snum1+=show; s=state.state_i1; break; case state_i1: if(snum1.contains("."))break; else snum1+=show; break; case state_i2: if(snum2.equals("")){ if(sop.equals("%"))break; snum2="0."; break; } if(sop.equals("%")||snum2.contains("."))break; else snum2+=show; break; case state_res: break; } break; } } } public String getSnum1() { return snum1; } public String getSnum2() { return snum2; } public String getSop() { return sop; } public String getSres() { return sres; } public void clear() { snum1="0"; snum2=""; sop=""; sres=""; s=state.state_init; b1=BigDecimal.valueOf(0); b2=BigDecimal.valueOf(0); bres=BigDecimal.valueOf(0); } public String getres(int flag) { String t="null"; if(flag==1) { b1=new BigDecimal(snum1); if(snum1.equals("0"))return t="0"; if(sop.equals("√")) { bres=sqrt(b1,scale); t=bres.toString(); return t; } else if(sop.equals("+/-")) { //略了,直接字符串处理 } } else if(flag==2) { b1=new BigDecimal(snum1); b2=new BigDecimal(snum2); switch (sop) { case "+": bres=b1.add(b2); t=bres.toString(); break; case "-": bres=b1.subtract(b2); t=bres.toString(); break; case "*": bres=b1.multiply(b2); t=bres.toString(); break; case "/": if(b2.equals(BigDecimal.valueOf(0)))return t="error: / by zero"; bres=b1.divide(b2,scale,RoundingMode.HALF_UP); t=bres.toString(); break; case "%": if(b2.equals(BigDecimal.valueOf(0)))return t="error: / by zero"; bres=b1.remainder(b2); t=bres.toString(); break; } } return t; } public static BigDecimal sqrt(BigDecimal value, int scale){ //高精度浮点数开根号 BigDecimal num2 = BigDecimal.valueOf(2); int precision = 100; MathContext mc = new MathContext(precision, RoundingMode.HALF_UP); BigDecimal deviation = value; int cnt = 0; while (cnt < precision) { deviation = (deviation.add(value.divide(deviation, mc))).divide(num2, mc); cnt++; } deviation = deviation.setScale(scale, BigDecimal.ROUND_HALF_UP); return deviation; } }
布局文件:activity_main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:orientation="vertical"> <TextView android:id="@+id/textview_num1" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_weight="1" android:text="0" android:textAlignment="textEnd" android:textColor="#009688" android:textSize="24sp" android:textStyle="bold" /> <TextView android:id="@+id/textview_op" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_weight="1" android:text="" android:textAlignment="textEnd" android:textColor="#009688" android:textSize="24sp" android:textStyle="bold" /> <TextView android:id="@+id/textview_num2" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_weight="1" android:text="" android:textAlignment="textEnd" android:textColor="#009688" android:textSize="24sp" android:textStyle="bold" /> <TextView android:id="@+id/textview_res" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_weight="1" android:text="" android:textAlignment="textEnd" android:textColor="#009688" android:textSize="24sp" android:textStyle="bold" /> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_weight="1" android:orientation="horizontal"> <Button android:id="@+id/C" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_weight="1" android:text="C" /> <Button android:id="@+id/genhao" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_weight="1" android:text="√" /> <Button android:id="@+id/quyu" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_weight="1" android:text="%" /> <Button android:id="@+id/add" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_weight="1" android:text="+" /> </LinearLayout> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_weight="1" android:orientation="horizontal"> <Button android:id="@+id/num7" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_weight="1" android:text="7" /> <Button android:id="@+id/num8" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_weight="1" android:text="8" /> <Button android:id="@+id/num9" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_weight="1" android:text="9" /> <Button android:id="@+id/sub" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_weight="1" android:text="-" /> </LinearLayout> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_weight="1" android:orientation="horizontal"> <Button android:id="@+id/num4" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_weight="1" android:text="4" /> <Button android:id="@+id/num5" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_weight="1" android:text="5" /> <Button android:id="@+id/num6" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_weight="1" android:text="6" /> <Button android:id="@+id/xinghao" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_weight="1" android:text="*" /> </LinearLayout> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_weight="1" android:orientation="horizontal"> <Button android:id="@+id/num1" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_weight="1" android:text="1" /> <Button android:id="@+id/num2" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_weight="1" android:text="2" /> <Button android:id="@+id/num3" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_weight="1" android:text="3" /> <Button android:id="@+id/chuhao" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_weight="1" android:text="/" /> </LinearLayout> <LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_weight="1" android:orientation="horizontal"> <Button android:id="@+id/jiahuojian" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_weight="1" android:text="+/-" /> <Button android:id="@+id/num0" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_weight="1" android:text="0" /> <Button android:id="@+id/dian" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_weight="1" android:text="." /> <Button android:id="@+id/denhao" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_weight="1" android:text="=" /> </LinearLayout> </LinearLayout>
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