Android stdio调试程序闪退或者报错:"xxx keeps stopping"解决方案_安卓 keeps stopping

初入安卓，写程序的途中遇到了好几次调试闪退，研究之后都成功解决，以此发文记录一下。

MainActivity.java

package com.example.testdemo;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
   

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
   
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        //添加跳转事件
        Button btn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.list_view_vertical_stander);
        btn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
   
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
   
                Intent it = new Intent();
                it.setClass(MainActivity.this,SecondActivity.class);
                startActivity(it);
            }
        });
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
   
        //加载建好的菜单xml文件
        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.menu,menu);
        return super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
   
        //拿到菜单每项id,然后 switch判断具
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