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1.2 函数使用方法
Pattern | Description | Remark |
---|---|---|
HH | hour of day (01–12) | |
HH12 | hour of day (01–12) | |
HH24 | hour of day (00–23) | |
MI | minute (00–59) | |
SS | second (00–59) | |
MS | millisecond (000–999) | |
US | microsecond (000000–999999) | |
FF1 | tenth of second (0–9) | |
FF2 | hundredth of second (00–99) | |
FF3 | millisecond (000–999) | |
FF4 | tenth of a millisecond (0000–9999) | |
FF5 | hundredth of a millisecond (00000–99999) | |
FF6 | microsecond (000000–999999) | |
SSSS , SSSSS | seconds past midnight (0–86399) | |
AM , am , PM or pm | meridiem indicator (without periods) | |
A.M. , a.m. , P.M. or p.m. | meridiem indicator (with periods) | |
Y,YYY | year (4 or more digits) with comma | |
YYYY | year (4 or more digits) | |
YYY | last 3 digits of year | |
YY | last 2 digits of year | |
Y | last digit of year | |
IYYY | ISO 8601 week-numbering year (4 or more digits) | |
IYY | last 3 digits of ISO 8601 week-numbering year | |
IY | last 2 digits of ISO 8601 week-numbering year | |
I | last digit of ISO 8601 week-numbering year | |
BC , bc , AD or ad | era indicator (without periods) | |
B.C. , b.c. , A.D. or a.d. | era indicator (with periods) | |
MONTH | full upper case month name (blank-padded to 9 chars) | |
Month | full capitalized month name (blank-padded to 9 chars) | |
month | full lower case month name (blank-padded to 9 chars) | |
MON | abbreviated upper case month name (3 chars in English, localized lengths vary) | |
Mon | abbreviated capitalized month name (3 chars in English, localized lengths vary) | |
mon | abbreviated lower case month name (3 chars in English, localized lengths vary) | |
MM | month number (01–12) | |
DAY | full upper case day name (blank-padded to 9 chars) | |
Day | full capitalized day name (blank-padded to 9 chars) | |
day | full lower case day name (blank-padded to 9 chars) | |
DY | abbreviated upper case day name (3 chars in English, localized lengths vary) | 星期几的英文,前3个字母,3个字母都大写 |
Dy | abbreviated capitalized day name (3 chars in English, localized lengths vary) | 星期几的英文,前3个字母,首字线大写,后2个字母小写 |
dy | abbreviated lower case day name (3 chars in English, localized lengths vary) | 星期几的英文,前3个字母,3个字母都为小写 |
DDD | day of year (001–366) | |
IDDD | day of ISO 8601 week-numbering year (001–371; day 1 of the year is Monday of the first ISO week) | |
DD | day of month (01–31) | |
D | day of the week, Sunday (1 ) to Saturday (7 ) | |
ID | ISO 8601 day of the week, Monday (1 ) to Sunday (7 ) | |
W | week of month (1–5) (the first week starts on the first day of the month) | 月里的周别,1号为周别开始的日期,7天为一个周别,来计算,例如:2023年1月份的第1周的日期为(1月1号至1月7号)第2周的日期为(1月8号至1月14号) |
WW | week number of year (1–53) (the first week starts on the first day of the year) | 年里的周别:1月1号开始计算,7天为周别,依次来计算,例如2022年第1周为(1月1号至1月7号),第2周为(1月8号至1月5号) |
IW | week number of ISO 8601 week-numbering year (01–53; the first Thursday of the year is in week 1) | ISO 8601周编号年份的周编号(01–53;一年的第一个星期四在第1周):看一年里第一个星期四落在的周,为本年的第一周 |
CC | century (2 digits) (the twenty-first century starts on 2001-01-01) | |
J | Julian Date (integer days since November 24, 4714 BC at local midnight; see Section B.7) | |
Q | quarter | |
RM | month in upper case Roman numerals (I–XII; I=January) | |
rm | month in lower case Roman numerals (i–xii; i=January) | |
TZ | upper case time-zone abbreviation (only supported in to_char ) | |
tz | lower case time-zone abbreviation (only supported in to_char ) | |
TZH | time-zone hours | |
TZM | time-zone minutes | |
OF | time-zone offset from UTC (only supported in to_char ) |
select now(); --当前时间 2021-04-21 11:36:56
SELECT EXTRACT (year FROM now()); --年 2021
SELECT EXTRACT (quarter FROM now()); --季 02
SELECT EXTRACT (month FROM now()); --月 04
SELECT EXTRACT (day FROM now()); --月中天 21
SELECT EXTRACT (week FROM now()); --周 16
SELECT EXTRACT (isodow FROM now()); --周中天 3
SELECT EXTRACT (hour FROM now()); --時 11
SELECT EXTRACT (minute FROM now()); --分 36
SELECT EXTRACT (second FROM now()); --秒 56.909161
2.1 周别和星期操作大全
2.1.1 求周别的函数
- select to_char(to_date('2023-01-02','YYYY-MM-DD'),'W');
- select to_char(to_date('2023-01-02','YYYY-MM-DD'),'WW');
- select to_char(to_date('2023-01-02','YYYY-MM-DD'),'IW');
3. 计算小时数实例[包括小时数的加减运算]
将数字型转化成interval,进行运算,得到日期时间型,例如 SELECT now()::timestamp + (qty || ' day')::interval FROM table --把col字段转换成天 然后相加
- --当前日期0点,返回值为时间截
- select date_trunc('day', now())
- --当时时间的小时数,整点,返回值为时间截
- select date_trunc('hour', now())
- --当时日期8点整,返回值为时间截
- select date_trunc('day', now()) + interval '8 h'
- --当前时间,时分秒
- select current_time;
- --关于日期计算,转化成 interval
- SELECT now()::timestamp + '1 year'; --当前时间加1年
- SELECT now()::timestamp + '1 month'; --当前时间加一个月
- SELECT now()::timestamp + '1 day'; --当前时间加一天
- SELECT now()::timestamp + '1 hour'; --当前时间加一个小时
- SELECT now()::timestamp + '1 min'; --当前时间加一分钟
- SELECT now()::timestamp + '1 sec'; --加一秒钟
- select now()::timestamp + '1 year 1 month 1 day 1 hour 1 min 1 sec'; --加1年1月1天1时1分1秒
- SELECT now()::timestamp + (qty || ' day')::interval FROM table --把col字段转换成天 然后相加
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