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一、拷贝的引入
创建一个指向对象的引用变量的拷贝。
- Teacher teacher = new Teacher(Taylor,26);
- Teacher otherteacher = teacher;
- System.out.println(teacher);
- System.out.println(otherteacher);
输出结果:
- blog.Teacher@355da254
- blog.Teacher@355da254
结果分析:由输出结果可以看出,它们的地址值是相同的,那么它们肯定是同一个对象。teacher和otherteacher的只是引用而已,他们都指向了一个相同的对象Teacher(“Taylor”,26)。这就叫做引用拷贝。往期:一百期面试题汇总
创建对象本身的一个副本。
- Teacher teacher = new Teacher(Swift,26);
- Teacher otherteacher = (Teacher)teacher.clone();
- System.out.println(teacher);
- System.out.println(otherteacher);
输出结果:
- blog.Teacher@355da254
- blog.Teacher@4dc63996
结果分析:由输出结果可以看出,它们的地址是不同的,也就是说创建了新的对象, 而不是把原对象的地址赋给了一个新的引用变量,这就叫做对象拷贝。
注:深拷贝和浅拷贝都是对象拷贝
被复制对象的所有变量都含有与原来的对象相同的值,而所有的对其他对象的引用仍然指向原来的对象。即对象的浅拷贝会对“主”对象进行拷贝,但不会复制主对象里面的对象。”里面的对象“会在原来的对象和它的副本之间共享。往期:100期面试题汇总
简而言之,浅拷贝仅仅复制所考虑的对象,而不复制它所引用的对象
- package com.test;
-
- public class ShallowCopy {
- public static void main(String[] args) throws CloneNotSupportedException {
- Teacher teacher = new Teacher();
- teacher.setName(riemann);
- teacher.setAge(27);
-
- Student2 student1 = new Student2();
- student1.setName(edgar);
- student1.setAge(18);
- student1.setTeacher(teacher);
-
- Student2 student2 = (Student2) student1.clone();
- System.out.println(拷贝后);
- System.out.println(student2.getName());
- System.out.println(student2.getAge());
- System.out.println(student2.getTeacher().getName());
- System.out.println(student2.getTeacher().getAge());
-
- System.out.println(修改老师的信息后-------------);
- // 修改老师的信息
- teacher.setName(Games);
- System.out.println(student1.getTeacher().getName());
- System.out.println(student2.getTeacher().getName());
-
- }
- }
-
- class Teacher implements Cloneable {
- private String name;
- private int age;
-
- public String getName() {
- return name;
- }
-
- public void setName(String name) {
- this.name = name;
- }
-
- public int getAge() {
- return age;
- }
-
- public void setAge(int age) {
- this.age = age;
- }
- }
-
- class Student2 implements Cloneable {
- private String name;
- private int age;
- private Teacher teacher;
-
- public String getName() {
- return name;
- }
-
- public void setName(String name) {
- this.name = name;
- }
-
- public int getAge() {
- return age;
- }
-
- public void setAge(int age) {
- this.age = age;
- }
-
- public Teacher getTeacher() {
- return teacher;
- }
-
- public void setTeacher(Teacher teacher) {
- this.teacher = teacher;
- }
-
- public Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
- Object object = super.clone();
- return object;
- }
- }
输出结果:
- 拷贝后
- edgar
- 18
- riemann
- 27
- 修改老师的信息后-------------
- Games
- Games
结果分析:两个引用student1和student2指向不同的两个对象,但是两个引用student1和student2中的两个teacher引用指向的是同一个对象,所以说明是浅拷贝。
深拷贝是一个整个独立的对象拷贝,深拷贝会拷贝所有的属性,并拷贝属性指向的动态分配的内存。当对象和它所引用的对象一起拷贝时即发生深拷贝。深拷贝相比于浅拷贝速度较慢并且花销较大。
简而言之,深拷贝把要复制的对象所引用的对象都复制了一遍。
往期:100期面试题汇总
- package com.test;
-
- public class DeepCopy {
- public static void main(String[] args) throws CloneNotSupportedException {
- Teacher2 teacher = new Teacher2();
- teacher.setName(riemann);
- teacher.setAge(27);
-
- Student3 student1 = new Student3();
- student1.setName(edgar);
- student1.setAge(18);
- student1.setTeacher(teacher);
-
- Student3 student2 = (Student3) student1.clone();
- System.out.println(拷贝后);
- System.out.println(student2.getName());
- System.out.println(student2.getAge());
- System.out.println(student2.getTeacher().getName());
- System.out.println(student2.getTeacher().getAge());
-
- System.out.println(修改老师的信息后-------------);
- // 修改老师的信息
- teacher.setName(Games);
- System.out.println(student1.getTeacher().getName());
- System.out.println(student2.getTeacher().getName());
- }
- }
-
- class Teacher2 implements Cloneable {
- private String name;
- private int age;
-
- public String getName() {
- return name;
- }
-
- public void setName(String name) {
- this.name = name;
- }
-
- public int getAge() {
- return age;
- }
-
- public void setAge(int age) {
- this.age = age;
- }
-
- public Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
- return super.clone();
- }
- }
-
- class Student3 implements Cloneable {
- private String name;
- private int age;
- private Teacher2 teacher;
-
- public String getName() {
- return name;
- }
-
- public void setName(String name) {
- this.name = name;
- }
-
- public int getAge() {
- return age;
- }
-
- public void setAge(int age) {
- this.age = age;
- }
-
- public Teacher2 getTeacher() {
- return teacher;
- }
-
- public void setTeacher(Teacher2 teacher) {
- this.teacher = teacher;
- }
-
- public Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
- // 浅复制时:
- // Object object = super.clone();
- // return object;
-
- // 改为深复制:
- Student3 student = (Student3) super.clone();
- // 本来是浅复制,现在将Teacher对象复制一份并重新set进来
- student.setTeacher((Teacher2) student.getTeacher().clone());
- return student;
-
- }
- }
输出结果:
- 拷贝后
- edgar
- 18
- riemann
- 27
- 修改老师的信息后-------------
- Games
- riemann
结果分析:
两个引用student1和student2指向不同的两个对象,两个引用student1和student2中的两个teacher引用指向的是两个对象,但对teacher对象的修改只能影响student1对象,所以说是深拷贝。
作者:riemann
blog.csdn.net/riemann_/article/details/87217229
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