赞
踩
Android 平台包含蓝牙网络堆栈支持,此支持能让设备以无线方式与其他蓝牙设备交换数据。应用框架提供通过 Android Bluetooth API 访问蓝牙功能的权限。这些 API 允许应用以无线方式连接到其他蓝牙设备,从而实现点到点和多点无线功能。
原理:蓝牙通信和socket通信原理基本上是一致的,下面我给大家上一张图(图为Socket通信图)。左为客户端Socket连接的一个流程:首先获取一个客户端Socket(),然后连接上,就可以读取数据和发送数据了。右为服务端Socket操作流程:
首先开启蓝牙------搜索可用设备------创建蓝牙socket,获取输入输出流------读取和写入数据------
断开连接关闭蓝牙
安卓蓝牙API可以完成的操作:
(1)扫描其他蓝牙设备
(2)查询本地蓝牙适配器的配对蓝牙设备
(3)建立 RFCOMM 通道
(4)通过服务发现连接到其他设备
(5)与其他设备进行双向数据传输
(6)管理多个连接
代表本地蓝牙适配器(蓝牙无线电)。BluetoothAdapter是所有蓝牙交互的入口。使用这个你可以发现其他蓝牙设备,查询已配对的设备列表,使用一个已知的MAC地址来实例化一个BluetoothDevice,以及创建一个BluetoothServerSocket来为监听与其他设备的通信。
代表一个远程蓝牙设备,使用这个来请求一个与远程设备的BluetoothSocket连接,或者查询关于设备名称、地址、类和连接状态等设备信息。
代表一个蓝牙socket的接口(和TCP Socket类似)。这是一个连接点,它允许一个应用与其他蓝牙设备通过InputStream和OutputStream交换数据。
代表一个开放的服务器socket,它监听接受的请求(与TCP ServerSocket类似)。为了连接两台Android设备,一个设备必须使用这个类开启一个服务器socket。当一个远程蓝牙设备开始一个和该设备的连接请求,BluetoothServerSocket将会返回一个已连接的BluetoothSocket,接受该连接。
描述一个蓝牙设备的基本特性和性能。这是一个只读的属性集合,它定义了设备的主要和次要的设备类以及它的服务。但是,它没有描述所有的蓝牙配置和设备支持的服务,它只是暗示了设备的类型。
一个表示蓝牙配置文件的接口。一个Bluetooth profile是一个基于蓝牙的通信无线接口定义。一个例子是Hands-Free profile。更多的讨论请见Working with Profiles。
提供对移动手机使用的蓝牙耳机的支持。它包含了Headset and Hands-Free (v1.5)配置文件。
定义高品质的音频如何通过蓝牙连接从一个设备传输到另一个设备。”A2DP“是Advanced Audio Distribution Profile的缩写。
表示一个Health Device Profile代理,它控制蓝牙服务。
一个抽象类,你可以使用它来实现BluetoothHealth的回调函数。你必须扩展这个类并实现回调函数方法来接收应用程序的注册状态改变以及蓝牙串口状态的更新。
BluetoothHealthAppConfiguration
表示一个应用程序配置,Bluetooth Health第三方应用程序注册和一个远程Bluetooth Health设备通信。
BluetoothProfile.ServiceListener
一个接口,当BluetoothProfile IPC客户端从服务器上建立连接或断开连接时,它负责通知它们(也就是,运行在特性配置的内部服务)
- package com.example.blue.connect;
-
- import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
- import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
- import android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket;
- import android.os.Handler;
-
- import java.io.IOException;
- import java.util.UUID;
-
-
- public class ConnectThread extends Thread {
- private static final UUID MY_UUID = UUID.fromString(Constant.CONNECTTION_UUID);
- private final BluetoothSocket mmSocket;
- private final BluetoothDevice mmDevice;
- private BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter;
- private final Handler mHandler;
- private ConnectedThread mConnectedThread;
-
- public ConnectThread(BluetoothDevice device, BluetoothAdapter adapter, Handler handler) {
-
- BluetoothSocket tmp = null;
- mmDevice = device;
- mBluetoothAdapter = adapter;
- mHandler = handler;
-
- try {
-
- tmp = device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(MY_UUID);
- } catch (IOException e) { }
- mmSocket = tmp;
- }
-
- public void run() {
-
- mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();
-
- try {
-
- mmSocket.connect();
- } catch (Exception connectException) {
- mHandler.sendMessage(mHandler.obtainMessage(Constant.MSG_ERROR, connectException));
-
- try {
- mmSocket.close();
- } catch (IOException closeException) { }
- return;
- }
-
-
- manageConnectedSocket(mmSocket);
- }
-
- private void manageConnectedSocket(BluetoothSocket mmSocket) {
- mHandler.sendEmptyMessage(Constant.MSG_CONNECTED_TO_SERVER);
- mConnectedThread = new ConnectedThread(mmSocket, mHandler);
- mConnectedThread.start();
- }
-
-
- public void cancel() {
- try {
- mmSocket.close();
- } catch (IOException e) { }
- }
-
- public void sendData(byte[] data) {
- if( mConnectedThread!=null){
- mConnectedThread.write(data);
- }
- }
- }
- package com.example.blue.connect;
-
- import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
- import android.bluetooth.BluetoothServerSocket;
- import android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket;
- import android.os.Handler;
-
- import java.io.IOException;
- import java.util.UUID;
-
- //服务器端线程
- public class AcceptThread extends Thread {
- private static final String NAME = "BlueToothClass";
- private static final UUID MY_UUID = UUID.fromString(Constant.CONNECTTION_UUID);
-
- private final BluetoothServerSocket mmServerSocket;
- private final BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter;
- private final Handler mHandler;
- private ConnectedThread mConnectedThread;
-
- public AcceptThread(BluetoothAdapter adapter, Handler handler) {
-
- mBluetoothAdapter = adapter;
- mHandler = handler;
- BluetoothServerSocket tmp = null;
- try {
-
- tmp = mBluetoothAdapter.listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(NAME, MY_UUID);
- } catch (IOException e) { }
- mmServerSocket = tmp;
- }
-
- public void run() {
- BluetoothSocket socket = null;
-
- while (true) {
- try {
- mHandler.sendEmptyMessage(Constant.MSG_START_LISTENING);
- socket = mmServerSocket.accept();
- } catch (IOException e) {
- mHandler.sendMessage(mHandler.obtainMessage(Constant.MSG_ERROR, e));
- break;
- }
-
- if (socket != null) {
-
- manageConnectedSocket(socket);
- try {
- mmServerSocket.close();
- mHandler.sendEmptyMessage(Constant.MSG_FINISH_LISTENING);
- } catch (IOException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- break;
- }
- }
- }
-
- private void manageConnectedSocket(BluetoothSocket socket) {
- //只支持同时处理一个连接
- if( mConnectedThread != null) {
- mConnectedThread.cancel();
- }
- mHandler.sendEmptyMessage(Constant.MSG_GOT_A_CLINET);
- mConnectedThread = new ConnectedThread(socket, mHandler);
- mConnectedThread.start();
- }
-
-
- public void cancel() {
- try {
- mmServerSocket.close();
- mHandler.sendEmptyMessage(Constant.MSG_FINISH_LISTENING);
- } catch (IOException e) { }
- }
-
- public void sendData(byte[] data) {
- if( mConnectedThread!=null){
- mConnectedThread.write(data);
- }
- }
- }
- package com.example.blue.connect;
-
- import android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket;
- import android.os.Handler;
- import android.os.Message;
- import android.util.Log;
-
- import java.io.IOException;
- import java.io.InputStream;
- import java.io.OutputStream;
-
-
- public class ConnectedThread extends Thread {
- private final BluetoothSocket mmSocket;
- private final InputStream mmInStream;
- private final OutputStream mmOutStream;
- private final Handler mHandler;
-
- public ConnectedThread(BluetoothSocket socket, Handler handler) {
- mmSocket = socket;
- InputStream tmpIn = null;
- OutputStream tmpOut = null;
- mHandler = handler;
-
- try {
- tmpIn = socket.getInputStream();
- tmpOut = socket.getOutputStream();
- } catch (IOException e) { }
-
- mmInStream = tmpIn;
- mmOutStream = tmpOut;
- }
-
-
- public void run() {
- byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
- int bytes;
-
-
- //一直读数据
- while (true) {
- try {
-
- bytes = mmInStream.read(buffer);
-
- if( bytes >0) {
- Message message = mHandler.obtainMessage(Constant.MSG_GOT_DATA, new String(buffer, 0, bytes, "utf-8"));
- mHandler.sendMessage(message);
- }
- Log.d("GOTMSG", "message size" + bytes);
- } catch (IOException e) {
- mHandler.sendMessage(mHandler.obtainMessage(Constant.MSG_ERROR, e));
- break;
- }
- }
- }
-
- //发送数据
- public void write(byte[] bytes) {
- try {
- mmOutStream.write(bytes);
- } catch (IOException e) { }
- }
-
- public void cancel() {
- try {
- mmSocket.close();
- } catch (IOException e) { }
- }
- }
- public class Constant {
-
- public static final String CONNECTTION_UUID = "00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB";
-
- /**
- * 开始监听
- */
-
- public static final int MSG_START_LISTENING = 1;
-
- /**
- * 结束监听
- */
- public static final int MSG_FINISH_LISTENING = 2;
-
- /**
- * 有客户端连接
- */
- public static final int MSG_GOT_A_CLINET = 3;
-
- /**
- * 连接到服务器
- */
- public static final int MSG_CONNECTED_TO_SERVER = 4;
-
- /**
- * 获取到数据
- */
- public static final int MSG_GOT_DATA = 5;
-
- /**
- * 出错
- */
- public static final int MSG_ERROR = -1;
-
- }
- public class BlueToothController {
- private BluetoothAdapter mAapter;
-
- public BlueToothController() {
- mAapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
- }
-
- public BluetoothAdapter getAdapter() {
- return mAapter;
- }
- /**
- * 打开蓝牙
- * @param activity
- * @param requestCode
- */
- public void turnOnBlueTooth(Activity activity, int requestCode) {
- Intent intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);
- activity.startActivityForResult(intent, requestCode);
- // mAdapter.enable();
- }
-
- /**
- * 打开蓝牙可见性
- * @param context
- */
- public void enableVisibly(Context context) {
- Intent discoverableIntent = new
- Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE);
- discoverableIntent.putExtra(BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_DISCOVERABLE_DURATION, 300);
- context.startActivity(discoverableIntent);
- }
-
- /**
- * 查找设备
- */
- public void findDevice() {
- assert (mAapter != null);
- mAapter.startDiscovery();
- }
-
- /**
- * 获取绑定设备
- * @return
- */
- public List<BluetoothDevice> getBondedDeviceList() {
- return new ArrayList<>(mAapter.getBondedDevices());
- }
- }
- public class DeviceAdapter extends BaseAdapter {
- private Context mContext;
- private List<BluetoothDevice> mDate;
-
- public DeviceAdapter(List<BluetoothDevice> Date, Context context){
- mDate = Date;
- mContext = context;
-
- }
- @Override
- public int getCount() {
- return mDate.size();
- }
-
- @Override
- public Object getItem(int position) {
- return mDate.get(position);
- }
-
- @Override
- public long getItemId(int position) {
- return position;
- }
-
- @Override
- public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
- ViewHolder viewHolder = null;
- if(convertView==null){
- viewHolder = new ViewHolder();
- convertView = LayoutInflater.from(mContext).inflate(R.layout.deviceadapter_layout,null);
- viewHolder.textView1 = (TextView)convertView.findViewById(R.id.textview1);
- viewHolder.textView2 = (TextView)convertView.findViewById(R.id.textview2);
- convertView.setTag(viewHolder);
- }else{
- viewHolder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag();
- }
- //获取蓝牙设备
- BluetoothDevice bluetoothDevice = (BluetoothDevice) getItem(position);
- viewHolder.textView1.setText("Name="+bluetoothDevice.getName());
- viewHolder.textView2.setText("Address"+bluetoothDevice.getAddress());
- return convertView;
- }
-
- public class ViewHolder{
- public TextView textView1;
- public TextView textView2;
-
- }
- public void refresh(List<BluetoothDevice> data){
- mDate = data;
- notifyDataSetChanged();
- }
- }
开始: 执行程序:
结果:打开蓝牙
相关学习链接:
Developers--Bluetooth Bluetooth2 蓝牙通信
Copyright © 2003-2013 www.wpsshop.cn 版权所有,并保留所有权利。