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snmp_exporter监控交换机网络流量_snmp exporter

作者：繁依Fanyi0 | 2024-02-27 23:58:05

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snmp exporter

一.背景与需求

    最近收到机房账单多出了将近70M下行带宽，多交了8K多的费用，很是蛋疼。IDC机房使用每月保底带宽模式, 例如保底100M带宽/月，如果利用955计费方式，没超出100M则只收机柜和保底带宽的费用，如果超出1M则按照额外进行收费。  这里比较蛋疼的是，上行和下行带宽默认不做限制，最高可以跑到1G。。。，之前没做好交换机流量监控，导致没能及时发现问题。Zabbix可以根据交换机开启的snmp服务，采集到交换机各个口的流量指标，但是由于现在已经全面转向Prometheus体系，所以只能通过一些方法将这个监控接入Prometheus。

   简单网络管理协议（Simple Network Management Protocol, SNMP）原名叫做简单网关监控协议（Simple Gateway Monitoring Protocol, SGMP）。最早是IETF的研究小组提出来的，在SGMP协议的基础之上，加上新的管理信息结构和管理信息库，让SGMP更加全面。简单性和扩展性是SNMP所体现出来的，其中包含数据库类型（Database Schema），一个应用层协议（Application Layer Protocol）和一些资料文件。SNMP管理协议不光能够加强网络管理系统的效能，而且还可以用来对网络中的资源进行管理和实时监控。

二.snmp_exporter

    正好官方prometheus项目就提供了这个关于snmp的exporter，按照对接方式将snmp指标采集即可。

   运行命令测试snmp是否正常(默认community是public, 但是如果改过了记得改，要不然测试不通):

snmpwalk -v2c -c my_community 10.23.0.253 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1

    返回获取到交换机端口列表则表示正常。

    snmp_exporter独立运行，并且要加载一个snmp.yml配置文件。 snmp.yml配置文件内容就是包含如下(默认指标):

  1. # WARNING: This file was auto-generated using snmp_exporter generator, manual changes will be lost.
  2. if_mib:
  3.   version: 2
  4.   auth:
  5.     community: my_community #这个要根据情况定,默认是public,但是如果已经自定义,则填入自定义的community
  6.   walk:
  7.   - 1.3.6.1.2.1.2
  8.   - 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1
  9.   get:
  10.   - 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1.0
  11.   - 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.3.0
  12.   - 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.5.0
  13.   metrics:
  14.   - name: sysDescr
  15.     oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1
  16.     type: DisplayString
  17.     help: A textual description of the entity - 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1
  18.   - name: sysUpTime
  19.     oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.3
  20.     type: gauge
  21.     help: The time (in hundredths of a second) since the network management portion
  22.       of the system was last re-initialized. - 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.3
  23.   - name: sysName
  24.     oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.5
  25.     type: DisplayString
  26.     help: An administratively-assigned name for this managed node - 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.5
  27.   - name: ifNumber
  28.     oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.1
  29.     type: gauge
  30.     help: The number of network interfaces (regardless of their current state) present
  31.       on this system. - 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.1
  32.   - name: ifIndex
  33.     oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.1
  34.     type: gauge
  35.     help: A unique value for each interface - 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.1
  36.     indexes:
  37.     - labelname: ifIndex
  38.       type: gauge
  39.     lookups:
  40.     - labels:
  41.       - ifIndex
  42.       labelname: ifAlias
  43.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.18
  44.       type: DisplayString
  45.     - labels:
  46.       - ifIndex
  47.       labelname: ifDescr
  48.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.2
  49.       type: DisplayString
  50.     - labels:
  51.       - ifIndex
  52.       labelname: ifName
  53.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.1
  54.       type: DisplayString
  55.   - name: ifType
  56.     oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.3
  57.     type: EnumAsInfo
  58.     help: The type of interface, distinguished according to the physical/link protocol(s)
  59.       immediately `below' the network layer in the protocol stack. - 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.3
  60.     indexes:
  61.     - labelname: ifIndex
  62.       type: gauge
  63.     lookups:
  64.     - labels:
  65.       - ifIndex
  66.       labelname: ifAlias
  67.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.18
  68.       type: DisplayString
  69.     - labels:
  70.       - ifIndex
  71.       labelname: ifDescr
  72.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.2
  73.       type: DisplayString
  74.     - labels:
  75.       - ifIndex
  76.       labelname: ifName
  77.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.1
  78.       type: DisplayString
  79.     enum_values:
  80.       1: other
  81.       2: regular1822
  82.       3: hdh1822
  83.       4: ddn-x25
  84.       5: rfc877-x25
  85.       6: ethernet-csmacd
  86.       7: iso88023-csmacd
  87.       8: iso88024-tokenBus
  88.       9: iso88025-tokenRing
  89.       10: iso88026-man
  90.       11: starLan
  91.       12: proteon-10Mbit
  92.       13: proteon-80Mbit
  93.       14: hyperchannel
  94.       15: fddi
  95.       16: lapb
  96.       17: sdlc
  97.       18: ds1
  98.       19: e1
  99.       20: basicISDN
  100.       21: primaryISDN
  101.       22: propPointToPointSerial
  102.       23: ppp
  103.       24: softwareLoopback
  104.       25: eon
  105.       26: ethernet-3Mbit
  106.       27: nsip
  107.       28: slip
  108.       29: ultra
  109.       30: ds3
  110.       31: sip
  111.       32: frame-relay
  112.   - name: ifMtu
  113.     oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.4
  114.     type: gauge
  115.     help: The size of the largest datagram which can be sent/received on the interface,
  116.       specified in octets - 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.4
  117.     indexes:
  118.     - labelname: ifIndex
  119.       type: gauge
  120.     lookups:
  121.     - labels:
  122.       - ifIndex
  123.       labelname: ifAlias
  124.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.18
  125.       type: DisplayString
  126.     - labels:
  127.       - ifIndex
  128.       labelname: ifDescr
  129.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.2
  130.       type: DisplayString
  131.     - labels:
  132.       - ifIndex
  133.       labelname: ifName
  134.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.1
  135.       type: DisplayString
  136.   - name: ifSpeed
  137.     oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.5
  138.     type: gauge
  139.     help: An estimate of the interface's current bandwidth in bits per second - 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.5
  140.     indexes:
  141.     - labelname: ifIndex
  142.       type: gauge
  143.     lookups:
  144.     - labels:
  145.       - ifIndex
  146.       labelname: ifAlias
  147.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.18
  148.       type: DisplayString
  149.     - labels:
  150.       - ifIndex
  151.       labelname: ifDescr
  152.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.2
  153.       type: DisplayString
  154.     - labels:
  155.       - ifIndex
  156.       labelname: ifName
  157.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.1
  158.       type: DisplayString
  159.   - name: ifPhysAddress
  160.     oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.6
  161.     type: PhysAddress48
  162.     help: The interface's address at the protocol layer immediately `below' the network
  163.       layer in the protocol stack - 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.6
  164.     indexes:
  165.     - labelname: ifIndex
  166.       type: gauge
  167.     lookups:
  168.     - labels:
  169.       - ifIndex
  170.       labelname: ifAlias
  171.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.18
  172.       type: DisplayString
  173.     - labels:
  174.       - ifIndex
  175.       labelname: ifDescr
  176.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.2
  177.       type: DisplayString
  178.     - labels:
  179.       - ifIndex
  180.       labelname: ifName
  181.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.1
  182.       type: DisplayString
  183.   - name: ifAdminStatus
  184.     oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.7
  185.     type: gauge
  186.     help: The desired state of the interface - 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.7
  187.     indexes:
  188.     - labelname: ifIndex
  189.       type: gauge
  190.     lookups:
  191.     - labels:
  192.       - ifIndex
  193.       labelname: ifAlias
  194.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.18
  195.       type: DisplayString
  196.     - labels:
  197.       - ifIndex
  198.       labelname: ifDescr
  199.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.2
  200.       type: DisplayString
  201.     - labels:
  202.       - ifIndex
  203.       labelname: ifName
  204.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.1
  205.       type: DisplayString
  206.     enum_values:
  207.       1: up
  208.       2: down
  209.       3: testing
  210.   - name: ifOperStatus
  211.     oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.8
  212.     type: gauge
  213.     help: The current operational state of the interface - 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.8
  214.     indexes:
  215.     - labelname: ifIndex
  216.       type: gauge
  217.     lookups:
  218.     - labels:
  219.       - ifIndex
  220.       labelname: ifAlias
  221.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.18
  222.       type: DisplayString
  223.     - labels:
  224.       - ifIndex
  225.       labelname: ifDescr
  226.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.2
  227.       type: DisplayString
  228.     - labels:
  229.       - ifIndex
  230.       labelname: ifName
  231.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.1
  232.       type: DisplayString
  233.     enum_values:
  234.       1: up
  235.       2: down
  236.       3: testing
  237.   - name: ifLastChange
  238.     oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.9
  239.     type: gauge
  240.     help: The value of sysUpTime at the time the interface entered its current operational
  241.       state - 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.9
  242.     indexes:
  243.     - labelname: ifIndex
  244.       type: gauge
  245.     lookups:
  246.     - labels:
  247.       - ifIndex
  248.       labelname: ifAlias
  249.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.18
  250.       type: DisplayString
  251.     - labels:
  252.       - ifIndex
  253.       labelname: ifDescr
  254.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.2
  255.       type: DisplayString
  256.     - labels:
  257.       - ifIndex
  258.       labelname: ifName
  259.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.1
  260.       type: DisplayString
  261.   - name: ifInOctets
  262.     oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.10
  263.     type: counter
  264.     help: The total number of octets received on the interface, including framing
  265.       characters. - 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.10
  266.     indexes:
  267.     - labelname: ifIndex
  268.       type: gauge
  269.     lookups:
  270.     - labels:
  271.       - ifIndex
  272.       labelname: ifAlias
  273.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.18
  274.       type: DisplayString
  275.     - labels:
  276.       - ifIndex
  277.       labelname: ifDescr
  278.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.2
  279.       type: DisplayString
  280.     - labels:
  281.       - ifIndex
  282.       labelname: ifName
  283.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.1
  284.       type: DisplayString
  285.   - name: ifInUcastPkts
  286.     oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.11
  287.     type: counter
  288.     help: The number of subnetwork-unicast packets delivered to a higher-layer protocol.
  289.       - 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.11
  290.     indexes:
  291.     - labelname: ifIndex
  292.       type: gauge
  293.     lookups:
  294.     - labels:
  295.       - ifIndex
  296.       labelname: ifAlias
  297.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.18
  298.       type: DisplayString
  299.     - labels:
  300.       - ifIndex
  301.       labelname: ifDescr
  302.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.2
  303.       type: DisplayString
  304.     - labels:
  305.       - ifIndex
  306.       labelname: ifName
  307.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.1
  308.       type: DisplayString
  309.   - name: ifInNUcastPkts
  310.     oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.12
  311.     type: counter
  312.     help: The number of non-unicast (i.e., subnetwork- broadcast or subnetwork-multicast)
  313.       packets delivered to a higher-layer protocol. - 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.12
  314.     indexes:
  315.     - labelname: ifIndex
  316.       type: gauge
  317.     lookups:
  318.     - labels:
  319.       - ifIndex
  320.       labelname: ifAlias
  321.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.18
  322.       type: DisplayString
  323.     - labels:
  324.       - ifIndex
  325.       labelname: ifDescr
  326.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.2
  327.       type: DisplayString
  328.     - labels:
  329.       - ifIndex
  330.       labelname: ifName
  331.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.1
  332.       type: DisplayString
  333.   - name: ifInDiscards
  334.     oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.13
  335.     type: counter
  336.     help: The number of inbound packets which were chosen to be discarded even though
  337.       no errors had been detected to prevent their being deliverable to a higher-layer
  338.       protocol - 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.13
  339.     indexes:
  340.     - labelname: ifIndex
  341.       type: gauge
  342.     lookups:
  343.     - labels:
  344.       - ifIndex
  345.       labelname: ifAlias
  346.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.18
  347.       type: DisplayString
  348.     - labels:
  349.       - ifIndex
  350.       labelname: ifDescr
  351.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.2
  352.       type: DisplayString
  353.     - labels:
  354.       - ifIndex
  355.       labelname: ifName
  356.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.1
  357.       type: DisplayString
  358.   - name: ifInErrors
  359.     oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.14
  360.     type: counter
  361.     help: The number of inbound packets that contained errors preventing them from
  362.       being deliverable to a higher-layer protocol. - 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.14
  363.     indexes:
  364.     - labelname: ifIndex
  365.       type: gauge
  366.     lookups:
  367.     - labels:
  368.       - ifIndex
  369.       labelname: ifAlias
  370.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.18
  371.       type: DisplayString
  372.     - labels:
  373.       - ifIndex
  374.       labelname: ifDescr
  375.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.2
  376.       type: DisplayString
  377.     - labels:
  378.       - ifIndex
  379.       labelname: ifName
  380.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.1
  381.       type: DisplayString
  382.   - name: ifInUnknownProtos
  383.     oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.15
  384.     type: counter
  385.     help: The number of packets received via the interface which were discarded because
  386.       of an unknown or unsupported protocol. - 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.15
  387.     indexes:
  388.     - labelname: ifIndex
  389.       type: gauge
  390.     lookups:
  391.     - labels:
  392.       - ifIndex
  393.       labelname: ifAlias
  394.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.18
  395.       type: DisplayString
  396.     - labels:
  397.       - ifIndex
  398.       labelname: ifDescr
  399.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.2
  400.       type: DisplayString
  401.     - labels:
  402.       - ifIndex
  403.       labelname: ifName
  404.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.1
  405.       type: DisplayString
  406.   - name: ifOutOctets
  407.     oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.16
  408.     type: counter
  409.     help: The total number of octets transmitted out of the interface, including framing
  410.       characters. - 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.16
  411.     indexes:
  412.     - labelname: ifIndex
  413.       type: gauge
  414.     lookups:
  415.     - labels:
  416.       - ifIndex
  417.       labelname: ifAlias
  418.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.18
  419.       type: DisplayString
  420.     - labels:
  421.       - ifIndex
  422.       labelname: ifDescr
  423.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.2
  424.       type: DisplayString
  425.     - labels:
  426.       - ifIndex
  427.       labelname: ifName
  428.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.1
  429.       type: DisplayString
  430.   - name: ifOutUcastPkts
  431.     oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.17
  432.     type: counter
  433.     help: The total number of packets that higher-level protocols requested be transmitted
  434.       to a subnetwork-unicast address, including those that were discarded or not
  435.       sent. - 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.17
  436.     indexes:
  437.     - labelname: ifIndex
  438.       type: gauge
  439.     lookups:
  440.     - labels:
  441.       - ifIndex
  442.       labelname: ifAlias
  443.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.18
  444.       type: DisplayString
  445.     - labels:
  446.       - ifIndex
  447.       labelname: ifDescr
  448.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.2
  449.       type: DisplayString
  450.     - labels:
  451.       - ifIndex
  452.       labelname: ifName
  453.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.1
  454.       type: DisplayString
  455.   - name: ifOutNUcastPkts
  456.     oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.18
  457.     type: counter
  458.     help: The total number of packets that higher-level protocols requested be transmitted
  459.       to a non- unicast (i.e., a subnetwork-broadcast or subnetwork-multicast) address,
  460.       including those that were discarded or not sent. - 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.18
  461.     indexes:
  462.     - labelname: ifIndex
  463.       type: gauge
  464.     lookups:
  465.     - labels:
  466.       - ifIndex
  467.       labelname: ifAlias
  468.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.18
  469.       type: DisplayString
  470.     - labels:
  471.       - ifIndex
  472.       labelname: ifDescr
  473.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.2
  474.       type: DisplayString
  475.     - labels:
  476.       - ifIndex
  477.       labelname: ifName
  478.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.1
  479.       type: DisplayString
  480.   - name: ifOutDiscards
  481.     oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.19
  482.     type: counter
  483.     help: The number of outbound packets which were chosen to be discarded even though
  484.       no errors had been detected to prevent their being transmitted - 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.19
  485.     indexes:
  486.     - labelname: ifIndex
  487.       type: gauge
  488.     lookups:
  489.     - labels:
  490.       - ifIndex
  491.       labelname: ifAlias
  492.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.18
  493.       type: DisplayString
  494.     - labels:
  495.       - ifIndex
  496.       labelname: ifDescr
  497.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.2
  498.       type: DisplayString
  499.     - labels:
  500.       - ifIndex
  501.       labelname: ifName
  502.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.1
  503.       type: DisplayString
  504.   - name: ifOutErrors
  505.     oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.20
  506.     type: counter
  507.     help: The number of outbound packets that could not be transmitted because of
  508.       errors. - 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.20
  509.     indexes:
  510.     - labelname: ifIndex
  511.       type: gauge
  512.     lookups:
  513.     - labels:
  514.       - ifIndex
  515.       labelname: ifAlias
  516.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.18
  517.       type: DisplayString
  518.     - labels:
  519.       - ifIndex
  520.       labelname: ifDescr
  521.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.2
  522.       type: DisplayString
  523.     - labels:
  524.       - ifIndex
  525.       labelname: ifName
  526.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.1
  527.       type: DisplayString
  528.   - name: ifOutQLen
  529.     oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.21
  530.     type: gauge
  531.     help: The length of the output packet queue (in packets). - 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.21
  532.     indexes:
  533.     - labelname: ifIndex
  534.       type: gauge
  535.     lookups:
  536.     - labels:
  537.       - ifIndex
  538.       labelname: ifAlias
  539.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.18
  540.       type: DisplayString
  541.     - labels:
  542.       - ifIndex
  543.       labelname: ifDescr
  544.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.2
  545.       type: DisplayString
  546.     - labels:
  547.       - ifIndex
  548.       labelname: ifName
  549.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.1
  550.       type: DisplayString
  551.   - name: ifSpecific
  552.     oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.22
  553.     type: OctetString
  554.     help: A reference to MIB definitions specific to the particular media being used
  555.       to realize the interface - 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.22
  556.     indexes:
  557.     - labelname: ifIndex
  558.       type: gauge
  559.     lookups:
  560.     - labels:
  561.       - ifIndex
  562.       labelname: ifAlias
  563.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.18
  564.       type: DisplayString
  565.     - labels:
  566.       - ifIndex
  567.       labelname: ifDescr
  568.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.2
  569.       type: DisplayString
  570.     - labels:
  571.       - ifIndex
  572.       labelname: ifName
  573.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.1
  574.       type: DisplayString
  575.   - name: ifInMulticastPkts
  576.     oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.2
  577.     type: counter
  578.     help: The number of packets, delivered by this sub-layer to a higher (sub-)layer,
  579.       which were addressed to a multicast address at this sub-layer - 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.2
  580.     indexes:
  581.     - labelname: ifIndex
  582.       type: gauge
  583.     lookups:
  584.     - labels:
  585.       - ifIndex
  586.       labelname: ifAlias
  587.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.18
  588.       type: DisplayString
  589.     - labels:
  590.       - ifIndex
  591.       labelname: ifDescr
  592.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.2
  593.       type: DisplayString
  594.     - labels:
  595.       - ifIndex
  596.       labelname: ifName
  597.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.1
  598.       type: DisplayString
  599.   - name: ifInBroadcastPkts
  600.     oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.3
  601.     type: counter
  602.     help: The number of packets, delivered by this sub-layer to a higher (sub-)layer,
  603.       which were addressed to a broadcast address at this sub-layer - 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.3
  604.     indexes:
  605.     - labelname: ifIndex
  606.       type: gauge
  607.     lookups:
  608.     - labels:
  609.       - ifIndex
  610.       labelname: ifAlias
  611.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.18
  612.       type: DisplayString
  613.     - labels:
  614.       - ifIndex
  615.       labelname: ifDescr
  616.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.2
  617.       type: DisplayString
  618.     - labels:
  619.       - ifIndex
  620.       labelname: ifName
  621.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.1
  622.       type: DisplayString
  623.   - name: ifOutMulticastPkts
  624.     oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.4
  625.     type: counter
  626.     help: The total number of packets that higher-level protocols requested be transmitted,
  627.       and which were addressed to a multicast address at this sub-layer, including
  628.       those that were discarded or not sent - 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.4
  629.     indexes:
  630.     - labelname: ifIndex
  631.       type: gauge
  632.     lookups:
  633.     - labels:
  634.       - ifIndex
  635.       labelname: ifAlias
  636.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.18
  637.       type: DisplayString
  638.     - labels:
  639.       - ifIndex
  640.       labelname: ifDescr
  641.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.2
  642.       type: DisplayString
  643.     - labels:
  644.       - ifIndex
  645.       labelname: ifName
  646.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.1
  647.       type: DisplayString
  648.   - name: ifOutBroadcastPkts
  649.     oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.5
  650.     type: counter
  651.     help: The total number of packets that higher-level protocols requested be transmitted,
  652.       and which were addressed to a broadcast address at this sub-layer, including
  653.       those that were discarded or not sent - 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.5
  654.     indexes:
  655.     - labelname: ifIndex
  656.       type: gauge
  657.     lookups:
  658.     - labels:
  659.       - ifIndex
  660.       labelname: ifAlias
  661.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.18
  662.       type: DisplayString
  663.     - labels:
  664.       - ifIndex
  665.       labelname: ifDescr
  666.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.2
  667.       type: DisplayString
  668.     - labels:
  669.       - ifIndex
  670.       labelname: ifName
  671.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.1
  672.       type: DisplayString
  673.   - name: ifHCInOctets
  674.     oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.6
  675.     type: counter
  676.     help: The total number of octets received on the interface, including framing
  677.       characters - 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.6
  678.     indexes:
  679.     - labelname: ifIndex
  680.       type: gauge
  681.     lookups:
  682.     - labels:
  683.       - ifIndex
  684.       labelname: ifAlias
  685.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.18
  686.       type: DisplayString
  687.     - labels:
  688.       - ifIndex
  689.       labelname: ifDescr
  690.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.2
  691.       type: DisplayString
  692.     - labels:
  693.       - ifIndex
  694.       labelname: ifName
  695.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.1
  696.       type: DisplayString
  697.   - name: ifHCInUcastPkts
  698.     oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.7
  699.     type: counter
  700.     help: The number of packets, delivered by this sub-layer to a higher (sub-)layer,
  701.       which were not addressed to a multicast or broadcast address at this sub-layer
  702.       - 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.7
  703.     indexes:
  704.     - labelname: ifIndex
  705.       type: gauge
  706.     lookups:
  707.     - labels:
  708.       - ifIndex
  709.       labelname: ifAlias
  710.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.18
  711.       type: DisplayString
  712.     - labels:
  713.       - ifIndex
  714.       labelname: ifDescr
  715.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.2
  716.       type: DisplayString
  717.     - labels:
  718.       - ifIndex
  719.       labelname: ifName
  720.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.1
  721.       type: DisplayString
  722.   - name: ifHCInMulticastPkts
  723.     oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.8
  724.     type: counter
  725.     help: The number of packets, delivered by this sub-layer to a higher (sub-)layer,
  726.       which were addressed to a multicast address at this sub-layer - 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.8
  727.     indexes:
  728.     - labelname: ifIndex
  729.       type: gauge
  730.     lookups:
  731.     - labels:
  732.       - ifIndex
  733.       labelname: ifAlias
  734.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.18
  735.       type: DisplayString
  736.     - labels:
  737.       - ifIndex
  738.       labelname: ifDescr
  739.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.2
  740.       type: DisplayString
  741.     - labels:
  742.       - ifIndex
  743.       labelname: ifName
  744.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.1
  745.       type: DisplayString
  746.   - name: ifHCInBroadcastPkts
  747.     oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.9
  748.     type: counter
  749.     help: The number of packets, delivered by this sub-layer to a higher (sub-)layer,
  750.       which were addressed to a broadcast address at this sub-layer - 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.9
  751.     indexes:
  752.     - labelname: ifIndex
  753.       type: gauge
  754.     lookups:
  755.     - labels:
  756.       - ifIndex
  757.       labelname: ifAlias
  758.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.18
  759.       type: DisplayString
  760.     - labels:
  761.       - ifIndex
  762.       labelname: ifDescr
  763.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.2
  764.       type: DisplayString
  765.     - labels:
  766.       - ifIndex
  767.       labelname: ifName
  768.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.1
  769.       type: DisplayString
  770.   - name: ifHCOutOctets
  771.     oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.10
  772.     type: counter
  773.     help: The total number of octets transmitted out of the interface, including framing
  774.       characters - 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.10
  775.     indexes:
  776.     - labelname: ifIndex
  777.       type: gauge
  778.     lookups:
  779.     - labels:
  780.       - ifIndex
  781.       labelname: ifAlias
  782.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.18
  783.       type: DisplayString
  784.     - labels:
  785.       - ifIndex
  786.       labelname: ifDescr
  787.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.2
  788.       type: DisplayString
  789.     - labels:
  790.       - ifIndex
  791.       labelname: ifName
  792.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.1
  793.       type: DisplayString
  794.   - name: ifHCOutUcastPkts
  795.     oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.11
  796.     type: counter
  797.     help: The total number of packets that higher-level protocols requested be transmitted,
  798.       and which were not addressed to a multicast or broadcast address at this sub-layer,
  799.       including those that were discarded or not sent - 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.11
  800.     indexes:
  801.     - labelname: ifIndex
  802.       type: gauge
  803.     lookups:
  804.     - labels:
  805.       - ifIndex
  806.       labelname: ifAlias
  807.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.18
  808.       type: DisplayString
  809.     - labels:
  810.       - ifIndex
  811.       labelname: ifDescr
  812.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.2
  813.       type: DisplayString
  814.     - labels:
  815.       - ifIndex
  816.       labelname: ifName
  817.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.1
  818.       type: DisplayString
  819.   - name: ifHCOutMulticastPkts
  820.     oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.12
  821.     type: counter
  822.     help: The total number of packets that higher-level protocols requested be transmitted,
  823.       and which were addressed to a multicast address at this sub-layer, including
  824.       those that were discarded or not sent - 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.12
  825.     indexes:
  826.     - labelname: ifIndex
  827.       type: gauge
  828.     lookups:
  829.     - labels:
  830.       - ifIndex
  831.       labelname: ifAlias
  832.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.18
  833.       type: DisplayString
  834.     - labels:
  835.       - ifIndex
  836.       labelname: ifDescr
  837.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.2
  838.       type: DisplayString
  839.     - labels:
  840.       - ifIndex
  841.       labelname: ifName
  842.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.1
  843.       type: DisplayString
  844.   - name: ifHCOutBroadcastPkts
  845.     oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.13
  846.     type: counter
  847.     help: The total number of packets that higher-level protocols requested be transmitted,
  848.       and which were addressed to a broadcast address at this sub-layer, including
  849.       those that were discarded or not sent - 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.13
  850.     indexes:
  851.     - labelname: ifIndex
  852.       type: gauge
  853.     lookups:
  854.     - labels:
  855.       - ifIndex
  856.       labelname: ifAlias
  857.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.18
  858.       type: DisplayString
  859.     - labels:
  860.       - ifIndex
  861.       labelname: ifDescr
  862.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.2
  863.       type: DisplayString
  864.     - labels:
  865.       - ifIndex
  866.       labelname: ifName
  867.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.1
  868.       type: DisplayString
  869.   - name: ifLinkUpDownTrapEnable
  870.     oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.14
  871.     type: gauge
  872.     help: Indicates whether linkUp/linkDown traps should be generated for this interface
  873.       - 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.14
  874.     indexes:
  875.     - labelname: ifIndex
  876.       type: gauge
  877.     lookups:
  878.     - labels:
  879.       - ifIndex
  880.       labelname: ifAlias
  881.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.18
  882.       type: DisplayString
  883.     - labels:
  884.       - ifIndex
  885.       labelname: ifDescr
  886.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.2
  887.       type: DisplayString
  888.     - labels:
  889.       - ifIndex
  890.       labelname: ifName
  891.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.1
  892.       type: DisplayString
  893.     enum_values:
  894.       1: enabled
  895.       2: disabled
  896.   - name: ifHighSpeed
  897.     oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.15
  898.     type: gauge
  899.     help: An estimate of the interface's current bandwidth in units of 1,000,000 bits
  900.       per second - 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.15
  901.     indexes:
  902.     - labelname: ifIndex
  903.       type: gauge
  904.     lookups:
  905.     - labels:
  906.       - ifIndex
  907.       labelname: ifAlias
  908.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.18
  909.       type: DisplayString
  910.     - labels:
  911.       - ifIndex
  912.       labelname: ifDescr
  913.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.2
  914.       type: DisplayString
  915.     - labels:
  916.       - ifIndex
  917.       labelname: ifName
  918.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.1
  919.       type: DisplayString
  920.   - name: ifPromiscuousMode
  921.     oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.16
  922.     type: gauge
  923.     help: This object has a value of false(2) if this interface only accepts packets/frames
  924.       that are addressed to this station - 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.16
  925.     indexes:
  926.     - labelname: ifIndex
  927.       type: gauge
  928.     lookups:
  929.     - labels:
  930.       - ifIndex
  931.       labelname: ifAlias
  932.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.18
  933.       type: DisplayString
  934.     - labels:
  935.       - ifIndex
  936.       labelname: ifDescr
  937.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.2
  938.       type: DisplayString
  939.     - labels:
  940.       - ifIndex
  941.       labelname: ifName
  942.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.1
  943.       type: DisplayString
  944.     enum_values:
  945.       1: "true"
  946.       2: "false"
  947.   - name: ifConnectorPresent
  948.     oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.17
  949.     type: gauge
  950.     help: This object has the value 'true(1)' if the interface sublayer has a physical
  951.       connector and the value 'false(2)' otherwise. - 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.17
  952.     indexes:
  953.     - labelname: ifIndex
  954.       type: gauge
  955.     lookups:
  956.     - labels:
  957.       - ifIndex
  958.       labelname: ifAlias
  959.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.18
  960.       type: DisplayString
  961.     - labels:
  962.       - ifIndex
  963.       labelname: ifDescr
  964.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.2
  965.       type: DisplayString
  966.     - labels:
  967.       - ifIndex
  968.       labelname: ifName
  969.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.1
  970.       type: DisplayString
  971.     enum_values:
  972.       1: "true"
  973.       2: "false"
  974.   - name: ifCounterDiscontinuityTime
  975.     oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.19
  976.     type: gauge
  977.     help: The value of sysUpTime on the most recent occasion at which any one or more
  978.       of this interface's counters suffered a discontinuity - 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.19
  979.     indexes:
  980.     - labelname: ifIndex
  981.       type: gauge
  982.     lookups:
  983.     - labels:
  984.       - ifIndex
  985.       labelname: ifAlias
  986.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.18
  987.       type: DisplayString
  988.     - labels:
  989.       - ifIndex
  990.       labelname: ifDescr
  991.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.2
  992.       type: DisplayString
  993.     - labels:
  994.       - ifIndex
  995.       labelname: ifName
  996.       oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.1
  997.       type: DisplayString

 我使用的是docker-compose的方式运行snmp_exporter, docker-compose.yml如下:

  1. version: "3"
  2. services:
  3.   snmp-exporter:
  4.     image: prom/snmp-exporter:latest
  5.     restart: always
  6.     ports:
  7.       - "9116:9116"
  8.     volumes:
  9.       - ./docker/snmp/snmp.yml:/etc/snmp_exporter/snmp.yml
  10.     healthcheck:
  11.       test: [ "CMD-SHELL", "ps aux | grep 'snmp_exporter' || exit 1" ]
  12.       interval: 10s
  13.       timeout: 10s
  14.       retries: 3

  prometheus.yml配置文件如下:

  我采用文件发现的形式，将配置写在switch.json中, 这样以后修改关于交换机的信息，更改后直接热加载，如果直接写死在promeths.yml每次都要重启prometheus.

  1.   - job_name: 'snmp' #交换机SNMP监控
  2.     file_sd_configs:
  3.       - files:
  4.           - /etc/prometheus/customer_conf/switch.json
  5.         refresh_interval: 1m
  6.     metrics_path: /snmp
  7.     params:
  8.       auth: [public_v2]
  9.       module: [if_mib]
  10.     relabel_configs:
  11.       - source_labels: [__address__]
  12.         target_label: __param_target
  13.       - source_labels: [__param_target]
  14.         target_label: instance
  15.       - target_label: __address__
  16.         replacement: 10.23.30.2:9116 #这个换成snmp_exporter的ip:port

 switch.json内容如下:  默认填入交换机的IP地址

  1. [
  2.   {
  3.     "targets": ["10.23.0.253"],
  4.     "labels": {}
  5.   }
  6. ]

三.Grafana面板ID: 11169

  官方Grafana Dashbord面板: https://grafana.com/grafana/dashboards/11169-snmp-stats/

  接入面板就可以看到交换机各个口的流量(上行/下行)都可以一览无余了，哈哈哈。再配置告警即可。

  面板可以再自定义做一个监控连接防火墙/公网流量的出口即可监控整个机房的公网流量(上行和下行)。

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