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嵌入式linux开发实用工具小程序_海思linux嵌入开发

作者：繁依Fanyi0 | 2024-03-25 23:12:45

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海思linux嵌入开发

Table of Contents

（一）十六进制字符转整型数字

（二）字符串转整型

（三）创建文件并填充固定数据

（四）批量处理图片

（五）海思HI3520 IO控制小程序

（六）路由追踪

（七）文件固定位置插入数据

（七）H264 I帧与P帧偏移

（八）获取本地IP地址

    在学习和工作开发的时候，经常需要使用到各种各样不太常用的操作，这种情况一般是自己手动写一些小程序来处理。因为它们不太常用，所以经常用了又没保存，等到下一次在使用的时候又需要重写，这样的非常浪费时间和精力。所以想在这里统一记录一下，以备下次重新使用。代码以实用为主，如果缺陷，欢迎指出。

（一）十六进制字符转整型数字

    功能：将16进制的字符串转换为10进制的数字。我是没有找到相应的库函数，所以参考网上的代码自己手动写了个函数来实现。常用的函数有atoi,atol,他们都是将10进制的数字字符串转换为int或是long类型，所以在有些情况下不适用。

  1. /*=============================================================================
  2. #     FileName: hex2dec.cpp
  3. #         Desc: Convert a hex string to a int number
  4. #       Author: Caibiao Lee
  5. #      Version: 
  6. #   LastChange: 2018-11-26 
  7. #      History:
  8. =============================================================================*/
  9.  
  10. #include <stdio.h>  
  11. #include <stdlib.h>  
  12. #include <string.h>  
  13. #include <ctype.h>
  14.  
  15. int c2i(char ch)  
  16. {  
  17.     // 如果是数字，则用数字的ASCII码减去48, 如果ch = '2' ,则 '2' - 48 = 2  
  18.     if(isdigit(ch))  
  19.             return ch - 48;  
  20.  
  21.     // 如果是字母，但不是A~F,a~f则返回  
  22.     if( ch < 'A' || (ch > 'F' && ch < 'a') || ch > 'z' )  
  23.             return -1;  
  24.  
  25.     // 如果是大写字母，则用数字的ASCII码减去55, 如果ch = 'A' ,则 'A' - 55 = 10  
  26.     // 如果是小写字母，则用数字的ASCII码减去87, 如果ch = 'a' ,则 'a' - 87 = 10  
  27.     if(isalpha(ch))  
  28.             return isupper(ch) ? ch - 55 : ch - 87;  
  29.  
  30.     return -1;  
  31. } 
  32.  
  33. int hex2dec(char *hex)  
  34. {  
  35.     int len;  
  36.     int num = 0;  
  37.     int temp;  
  38.     int bits;  
  39.     int i;  
  40.     char str[64] = {0};
  41.  
  42. 	if(NULL==hex)
  43. 	{
  44. 		printf("input para error \n");
  45. 		return 0;
  46. 	}
  47.  
  48.  
  49. 	if(('0'==hex[0])&&(('X'==hex[1])||('x'==hex[1])))
  50. 	{
  51. 		strcpy(str,&hex[2]);
  52. 	}else
  53. 	{
  54. 		strcpy(str,hex);
  55. 	}
  56. 	
  57. 	printf("input num = %s \n",str);
  58. 	
  59.     // 此例中 str = "1de" 长度为3, hex是main函数传递的  
  60.     len = strlen(str);  
  61.  
  62.     for (i=0, temp=0; i<len; i++, temp=0)  
  63.     {  
  64.             // 第一次：i=0, *(str + i) = *(str + 0) = '1', 即temp = 1  
  65.             // 第二次：i=1, *(str + i) = *(str + 1) = 'd', 即temp = 13  
  66.             // 第三次：i=2, *(str + i) = *(str + 2) = 'd', 即temp = 14  
  67.             temp = c2i( *(str + i) );  
  68.             // 总共3位，一个16进制位用 4 bit保存  
  69.             // 第一次：'1'为最高位，所以temp左移 (len - i -1) * 4 = 2 * 4 = 8 位  
  70.             // 第二次：'d'为次高位，所以temp左移 (len - i -1) * 4 = 1 * 4 = 4 位  
  71.             // 第三次：'e'为最低位，所以temp左移 (len - i -1) * 4 = 0 * 4 = 0 位  
  72.             bits = (len - i - 1) * 4;  
  73.             temp = temp << bits;  
  74.  
  75.             // 此处也可以用 num += temp;进行累加  
  76.             num = num | temp;  
  77.     }  
  78.  
  79.     // 返回结果  
  80.     return num;  
  81. }  
  82.  
  83. int main(int argc, char **argv)
  84. {
  85. 	int l_s32Ret = 0;
  86. 	
  87. 	if(2!=argc)
  88. 	{
  89. 		printf("=====ERROR!======\n");
  90. 		printf("usage: %s Num \n", argv[0]);
  91. 		printf("eg 1: %s 0x400\n", argv[0]);
  92. 		return 0;
  93. 	}
  94.  
  95. 	l_s32Ret = hex2dec(argv[1]);
  96. 	printf("value hex = 0x%x \n",l_s32Ret);
  97. 	printf("value dec = %d \n",l_s32Ret);
  98. 	return 0;
  99. }

运行结果： 

  1. biao@ubuntu:~/test/flash$ ./a.out 0x400
  2. input num = 400 
  3. value hex = 0x400 
  4. value dec = 1024 
  5. biao@ubuntu:~/test/flash$

（二）字符串转整型

     功能：将正常输入的16进制或是10进制的字符串转换为int数据类型

  1. /*=============================================================================
  2. #     FileName: hex2dec.cpp
  3. #         Desc: Convert a hex/dec string to a int number
  4. #       Author: Caibiao Lee
  5. #      Version: 
  6. #   LastChange: 2018-12-03 
  7. #      History:
  8. =============================================================================*/
  9. #include <stdio.h>  
  10. #include <stdlib.h>  
  11. #include <string.h>  
  12. #include <ctype.h>
  13.  
  14. int String2int(char *strChar)
  15. {
  16. 	int len=0;
  17. 	const char *pstrCmp1="0123456789ABCDEF";
  18. 	const char *pstrCmp2="0123456789abcdef";
  19. 	
  20. 	char *pstr=NULL;
  21. 	int uiValue=0;
  22. 	int j=0;	
  23. 	unsigned int t=0;
  24. 	int i=0;
  25. 	if(NULL==strChar)
  26. 		return -1;
  27. 	if(0>=(len=strlen((const char *)strChar)))
  28. 		return -1;
  29. 	if(NULL!=(pstr=strstr(strChar,"0x"))||NULL!=(pstr=strstr(strChar,"0X")))
  30. 	{
  31. 		pstr=(char *)strChar+2;
  32. 		
  33. 		if(0>=(len=strlen((const char *)pstr)))
  34. 			return -1;
  35. 		for(i=(len-1);i>=0;i--)
  36. 		{
  37. 			if(pstr[i]>'F')
  38. 			{
  39. 				for(t=0;t<strlen((const char *)pstrCmp2);t++)
  40. 				{	
  41. 					if(pstrCmp2[t]==pstr[i])
  42. 						uiValue|=(t<<(j++*4));
  43. 				}
  44. 			}
  45. 			else
  46. 			{
  47. 				for(t=0;t<strlen((const char *)pstrCmp1);t++)
  48. 				{	
  49. 					if(pstrCmp1[t]==pstr[i])
  50. 						uiValue|=(t<<(j++*4));
  51. 				}
  52. 			}
  53. 		}
  54. 	}
  55. 	else
  56. 	{
  57. 		uiValue=atoi((const char*)strChar);
  58. 	}
  59. 	return uiValue;
  60. }
  61.  
  62. int main(int argc, char **argv)
  63. {
  64. 	int l_s32Ret = 0;
  65. 		
  66. 	if(2!=argc)
  67. 	{
  68. 		printf("=====ERROR!======\n");
  69. 		printf("usage: %s Num \n", argv[0]);
  70. 		printf("eg 1: %s 0x400\n", argv[0]);
  71. 		return 0;
  72. 	}
  73. 	l_s32Ret = String2int(argv[1]);
  74. 	printf("value hex = 0x%x \n",l_s32Ret);
  75. 	printf("value dec = %d \n",l_s32Ret);
  76. 	return 0;
  77. }

（三）创建文件并填充固定数据

    功能：创建固定大小的一个文件，并且把这个文件填充为固定的数据。

  1. /*=============================================================================
  2. #     FileName: CreateFile.cpp
  3. #         Desc: 创建固定大小的文件，然后填充固定的数据
  4. #       Author: Caibiao Lee
  5. #      Version: 
  6. #   LastChange: 2018-11-26 
  7. #      History:
  8. =============================================================================*/
  9. #include <stdio.h>  
  10. #include <stdlib.h>  
  11. #include <string.h>  
  12. #include <ctype.h>
  13.  
  14. //#define	FILL_DATA_VALUE		0xff
  15. #define	FILL_DATA_VALUE		0x30 //char 0
  16.  
  17. int c2i(char ch)  
  18. {  
  19.     if(isdigit(ch))  
  20.             return ch - 48;  
  21.  
  22.     if( ch < 'A' || (ch > 'F' && ch < 'a') || ch > 'z' )  
  23.             return -1;  
  24.  
  25.     if(isalpha(ch))  
  26.             return isupper(ch) ? ch - 55 : ch - 87;  
  27.  
  28.     return -1;  
  29. } 
  30.  
  31. int hex2dec(char *hex)  
  32. {  
  33.     int len;  
  34.     int num = 0;  
  35.     int temp;  
  36.     int bits;  
  37.     int i;  
  38.     char str[64] = {0};
  39.  
  40. 	if(NULL==hex)
  41. 	{
  42. 		printf("input para error \n");
  43. 		return 0;
  44. 	}
  45.  
  46. 	if(('0'==hex[0])&&(('X'==hex[1])||('x'==hex[1])))
  47. 	{
  48. 		strcpy(str,&hex[2]);
  49. 	}else
  50. 	{
  51. 		strcpy(str,hex);
  52. 	}
  53. 	
  54. 	printf("input num = %s \n",str);
  55. 	
  56.     len = strlen(str);  
  57.  
  58.     for (i=0, temp=0; i<len; i++, temp=0)  
  59.     {  
  60.             temp = c2i( *(str + i) );  
  61.  
  62.             bits = (len - i - 1) * 4;  
  63.             temp = temp << bits;  
  64.  
  65.             num = num | temp;  
  66.     }  
  67.     return num;  
  68. }  
  69.  
  70. int main(int argc, char **argv)
  71. {
  72. 	FILE *l_pFile = NULL;
  73. 	int 	l_s32Rest = 0;
  74. 	unsigned int l_WriteLen = 0;
  75. 	unsigned int l_FileLen = 0;
  76. 	unsigned char TempData[1024] = {FILL_DATA_VALUE};
  77.  
  78. 	if(3!=argc)
  79. 	{
  80. 		printf("usage: %s FileName  FileLen \n ", argv[0]);
  81. 		printf("eg: %s ./Outfile.bin 0x400 \n ", argv[0]);
  82. 		return 0;
  83. 	};
  84.  
  85. 	const char *l_pFileName = argv[1];
  86. 	if(NULL==l_pFileName)
  87. 	{
  88. 		printf("input file name is NULL \n");
  89. 		return -1;
  90. 	}
  91. 	
  92. 	if(('0'==argv[2][0])&&(('X'==argv[2][1])||('x'==argv[2][1])))
  93. 	{
  94. 		l_FileLen = hex2dec(argv[2]);
  95. 		
  96. 	}else
  97. 	{
  98. 		l_FileLen = atoi(argv[2]);
  99. 	}
  100. 	
  101. 	printf("Need To Write Data Len %d \n",l_FileLen);
  102. 	printf("Fill Data Vale = 0x%x \n",FILL_DATA_VALUE);
  103. 	
  104. 	for(int i=0;i<1024;i++)
  105. 	{
  106. 		TempData[i] = FILL_DATA_VALUE;
  107. 	}
  108. 	
  109.  
  110. 	l_pFile = fopen(l_pFileName,"w+");
  111. 	if(l_pFile==NULL)
  112. 	{
  113. 		printf("open file %s error \n",l_pFileName);
  114. 		return -1;
  115. 	}
  116.  
  117. 	
  118. 	while(l_WriteLen<l_FileLen)
  119. 	{
  120. 		if(l_FileLen<1024)
  121. 		{
  122. 			l_s32Rest = fwrite(TempData,1,l_FileLen,l_pFile);
  123. 			
  124. 		}
  125. 		else
  126. 		{
  127. 			l_s32Rest = fwrite(TempData,1,1024,l_pFile);
  128. 		}
  129.  
  130. 		if(l_s32Rest <= 0)
  131. 		{
  132. 			break;
  133. 		};
  134.  
  135. 		l_WriteLen +=l_s32Rest; 
  136. 	}
  137. 	
  138. 	if(NULL!=l_pFile)
  139. 	{
  140. 		fclose(l_pFile);
  141. 		l_pFile = NULL;
  142. 	}
  143.  
  144. 	return 0;
  145.  
  146. }
  147.

运行结果：

  1. biao@ubuntu:~/test/flash$ gcc CreateFile.cpp 
  2. biao@ubuntu:~/test/flash$ ls
  3. a.out  CreateFile.cpp  hex2dec.cpp  main.cpp  out.bin
  4. biao@ubuntu:~/test/flash$ ./a.out ./out.bin 0x10
  5. input num = 10 
  6. Need To Write Data Len 16 
  7. Fill Data Vale = 0x30 
  8. biao@ubuntu:~/test/flash$ ls
  9. a.out  CreateFile.cpp  hex2dec.cpp  main.cpp  out.bin
  10. biao@ubuntu:~/test/flash$ vim out.bin 
  11.   1 0000000000000000

（四）批量处理图片

功能：批处理将图片前面固定的字节数删除。

  1. /*=============================================================================
  2. #     FileName: CutFile.cpp
  3. #         Desc: 批量处理，将图片的前面固定字节删除
  4. #       Author: Caibiao Lee
  5. #      Version: 
  6. #   LastChange: 2018-11-26 
  7. #      History:
  8. =============================================================================*/
  9. #include <stdio.h>
  10. #include <stdlib.h>
  11. #include <string.h>
  12. #include <unistd.h>
  13. #include <sys/stat.h>
  14.  
  15.  
  16. #define START_READ_POSITION		128
  17. #define PHOTO_START_TIME		83641
  18. //l_s32PhotoTime = 92809;
  19.  
  20. int Cut_file(char * InputFile)
  21. {
  22. 	FILE *l_pFileInput = NULL;
  23. 	FILE *l_pFileOutput = NULL;
  24. 	char l_ars8OutputName[128] = {0};
  25. 	unsigned char l_arru8TempData[1024] = {0};
  26. 	int l_s32Ret = 0;
  27. 	static unsigned int ls_u32Num = 0;
  28.  
  29. 	
  30. 	if(NULL== InputFile) 
  31. 	{
  32. 		goto ERROR;
  33. 	}
  34. 	
  35. 	//sprintf(l_ars8OutputName,"./outfile/_%s",&InputFile[8]);
  36. 	sprintf(l_ars8OutputName,"./outfile/00%d.jpg",ls_u32Num++);
  37.  
  38. 	//printf("out file name %s \n",l_ars8OutputName);
  39. 	
  40. 	l_pFileInput = fopen(InputFile,"rb+");
  41. 	if(NULL==l_pFileInput)
  42. 	{
  43. 		printf("input file open error\n");
  44. 		goto ERROR;
  45. 	}
  46.  
  47. 	l_pFileOutput = fopen(l_ars8OutputName,"w+");
  48. 	if(NULL==l_pFileOutput)
  49. 	{
  50. 		printf("out file open error\n");
  51. 		goto ERROR;
  52. 	}
  53.  
  54. 	fseek(l_pFileInput,START_READ_POSITION,SEEK_SET);
  55.  
  56. 	while(!feof(l_pFileInput))
  57. 	{
  58. 		l_s32Ret = fread(l_arru8TempData,1,1024,l_pFileInput);
  59. 		if(l_s32Ret<0)
  60. 		{
  61. 			break;
  62. 		}
  63.  
  64. 		l_s32Ret = fwrite(l_arru8TempData,1,l_s32Ret,l_pFileOutput);
  65. 		if(l_s32Ret<0)
  66. 		{
  67. 			break;
  68. 		}
  69. 	}
  70.  
  71. ERROR:
  72. 	if(NULL!=l_pFileOutput)
  73. 	{
  74. 		fclose(l_pFileOutput);
  75. 		l_pFileOutput =NULL;
  76. 	};
  77.  
  78. 	if(NULL !=l_pFileInput);
  79. 	{
  80. 		fclose(l_pFileInput);
  81. 		l_pFileInput =NULL;
  82. 	}
  83. }
  84.  
  85. int main(void)
  86. {
  87. 	char l_arrs8InputName[128] = {0};
  88. 	char l_s8PhotoChannel = 0;
  89. 	int  l_s32PhotoTime = 0;
  90.  
  91. 	l_s8PhotoChannel = 3;
  92. 	l_s32PhotoTime = PHOTO_START_TIME;
  93.  
  94. 	/**从第一通道开始**/
  95. 	for(int j=1;j<l_s8PhotoChannel;j++)
  96. 	{
  97. 	
  98. 		for(int i=l_s32PhotoTime;i<235959;i++)
  99. 		{
  100. 			memset(l_arrs8InputName,0,sizeof(l_arrs8InputName));
  101. 			sprintf(l_arrs8InputName,"./image/%dY%06d.jpg",j,i);
  102. 	
  103. 			if(0==access(l_arrs8InputName,F_OK))
  104. 			{
  105. 				printf("%s\n",l_arrs8InputName);
  106. 				Cut_file(l_arrs8InputName);				
  107. 			}
  108. 		}
  109. 	}
  110. }

运行结果：

  1. biao@ubuntu:~/test/photo$ gcc CutFile.cpp 
  2. biao@ubuntu:~/test/photo$ ls
  3. a.out  CutFile.cpp  image  outfile
  4. biao@ubuntu:~/test/photo$ ./a.out 
  5. ./image/1Y083642.jpg
  6. ./image/1Y083714.jpg
  7. ./image/1Y083747.jpg
  8. ./image/1Y083820.jpg
  9. ./image/1Y083853.jpg
  10. ./image/1Y083925.jpg
  11. ./image/1Y084157.jpg
  12. ./image/1Y084228.jpg
  13. ./image/1Y084301.jpg
  14. ./image/1Y084334.jpg
  15. ./image/1Y084406.jpg
  16. ./image/1Y084439.jpg
  17. ./image/1Y084711.jpg
  18. ./image/1Y084742.jpg
  19. ./image/1Y173524.jpg
  20. ./image/1Y173556.jpg
  21. ./image/1Y173629.jpg
  22. ./image/1Y173702.jpg
  23. ./image/1Y173933.jpg
  24. ./image/1Y174004.jpg
  25. ./image/1Y174244.jpg
  26. ./image/1Y174315.jpg
  27. ./image/1Y174348.jpg
  28. ./image/1Y174420.jpg
  29. ./image/1Y174454.jpg
  30. ./image/1Y174733.jpg
  31. biao@ubuntu:~/test/photo$ tree
  32. .
  33. ├── a.out
  34. ├── CutFile.cpp
  35. ├── image
  36. │   ├── 1Y083642.jpg
  37. │   ├── 1Y083714.jpg
  38. │   ├── 1Y083747.jpg
  39. │   ├── 1Y083820.jpg
  40. │   ├── 1Y083853.jpg
  41. │   ├── 1Y083925.jpg
  42. │   ├── 1Y084157.jpg
  43. │   ├── 1Y084228.jpg
  44. │   ├── 1Y084301.jpg
  45. │   ├── 1Y084334.jpg
  46. │   ├── 1Y084406.jpg
  47. │   ├── 1Y084439.jpg
  48. │   ├── 1Y084711.jpg
  49. │   ├── 1Y084742.jpg
  50. │   ├── 1Y173524.jpg
  51. │   ├── 1Y173556.jpg
  52. │   ├── 1Y173629.jpg
  53. │   ├── 1Y173702.jpg
  54. │   ├── 1Y173933.jpg
  55. │   ├── 1Y174004.jpg
  56. │   ├── 1Y174244.jpg
  57. │   ├── 1Y174315.jpg
  58. │   ├── 1Y174348.jpg
  59. │   ├── 1Y174420.jpg
  60. │   ├── 1Y174454.jpg
  61. │   └── 1Y174733.jpg
  62. └── outfile
  63.     ├── 000.jpg
  64.     ├── 0010.jpg
  65.     ├── 0011.jpg
  66.     ├── 0012.jpg
  67.     ├── 0013.jpg
  68.     ├── 0014.jpg
  69.     ├── 0015.jpg
  70.     ├── 0016.jpg
  71.     ├── 0017.jpg
  72.     ├── 0018.jpg
  73.     ├── 0019.jpg
  74.     ├── 001.jpg
  75.     ├── 0020.jpg
  76.     ├── 0021.jpg
  77.     ├── 0022.jpg
  78.     ├── 0023.jpg
  79.     ├── 0024.jpg
  80.     ├── 0025.jpg
  81.     ├── 002.jpg
  82.     ├── 003.jpg
  83.     ├── 004.jpg
  84.     ├── 005.jpg
  85.     ├── 006.jpg
  86.     ├── 007.jpg
  87.     ├── 008.jpg
  88.     └── 009.jpg
  89.  
  90. 2 directories, 54 files
  91. biao@ubuntu:~/test/photo$

    运行前需要创建两个目录，image用来存放需要处理的图片，outfile用来存放处理过后的文件。这种处理文件批处理方式很暴力，偶尔用用还是可以的。

（五）海思HI3520 IO控制小程序

嵌入式设备系统一般为了节省空间，一般都会对系统进行裁剪，所以很多有用的命令都会被删除。在嵌入式设备中要调试代码也是比较麻烦的，一般只能看串口打印。现在写了个小程序，专门用来查看和控制海思Hi3520DV300芯片的IO电平状态。

  1. /*=============================================================================
  2. #     FileName: Hi3520_IO_CTRL.cpp
  3. #         Desc: Hi3520DV300 IO Write and  Read
  4. #       Author: Caibiao Lee
  5. #      Version: 
  6. #   LastChange: 2018-11-30
  7. #      History:
  8. =============================================================================*/
  9. #include <stdio.h>
  10. #include <stdlib.h>
  11. #include "hstGpioAL.h"
  12.  
  13. int PrintfInputTips(char *ps8Name)
  14. {
  15. 	printf("=========== error!!! ========\n\n");
  16. 	printf("usage Write: %s GPIO bit value \n", ps8Name);
  17. 	printf("usage Read : %s GPIO bit \n", ps8Name);
  18. 	printf("eg Write 1 to GPIO1_bit02  :     %s 1 2 1\n", ps8Name);
  19. 	printf("eg Read  GPIO1_bit02 Value :     %s 1 2 \n\n", ps8Name);
  20. 	
  21. 	printf("=============BT20==================\n")
  22. 	printf("USB HUB    GPIO_0_2  1_UP; 0_Down \n");
  23. 	printf("RESET_HD   GPIO_13_0 0_EN; 1_disEN\n");
  24. 	printf("Power_HD   GPIO_13_3 1_UP; 0_Down \n");
  25. 	return 0;
  26. }
  27.  
  28. int main(int argc, char **argv)
  29. {
  30. 	if((3!=argc)&&(4!=argc))
  31. 	{
  32. 		PrintfInputTips(argv[0]);
  33. 		return -1;
  34. 	}
  35. 	
  36. 	unsigned char l_u8GPIONum = 0;
  37. 	unsigned char l_u8GPIOBit = 0;
  38. 	unsigned char l_u8SetValue = 0;
  39.  
  40. 	GPIO_GROUP_E  l_eGpioGroup;
  41. 	GPIO_BIT_E	  l_eBit;
  42. 	GPIO_DATA_E   l_eData;
  43.  
  44. 	l_u8GPIONum   = atoi(argv[1]);
  45. 	l_u8GPIOBit   = atoi(argv[2]);
  46.  
  47. 	if(l_u8GPIONum<14)
  48. 	{
  49. 		l_eGpioGroup = (GPIO_GROUP_E)l_u8GPIONum;
  50. 	}else
  51. 	{
  52. 		printf("l_u8GPIONum error l_u8GPIONum = %d\n",l_u8GPIONum);
  53. 		return -1;
  54. 	};
  55.  
  56. 	if(l_u8GPIOBit<8)
  57. 	{
  58. 		l_eBit = (GPIO_BIT_E)l_u8GPIOBit;
  59. 	}else
  60. 	{
  61. 		printf("l_u8GPIOBit error l_u8GPIOBit = %d\n",l_u8GPIOBit);
  62. 		return -1;
  63. 	}
  64.  
  65. 	if(NULL!=argv[3])
  66. 	{
  67. 		l_u8SetValue = atoi(argv[3]);
  68. 		if(0==l_u8SetValue)
  69. 		{
  70. 			l_eData = (GPIO_DATA_E)l_u8SetValue;
  71. 		}else if(1==l_u8SetValue)
  72. 		{
  73. 			l_eData = (GPIO_DATA_E)l_u8SetValue;
  74. 		}else
  75. 		{
  76. 			printf("l_u8SetValue error l_u8SetValue = %d\n",l_u8SetValue);
  77. 		}
  78. 	}
  79. 	
  80. 	if(3==argc)                                                       
  81. 	{/**read**/                                                                                                                                                      
  82. 	    printf("read GPIO%d Bit%d \n",l_u8GPIONum,l_u8GPIOBit);           
  83.         /**set input**/                                               
  84.         HstGpio_Set_Direction(l_eGpioGroup, l_eBit, GPIO_INPUT);                        
  85.                                                                                           
  86. 	    /**read **/                                                                               
  87. 	    char l_s8bit_val = 0;                                                                     
  88. 	    HstGpio_Get_Value(l_eGpioGroup, l_eBit, &l_s8bit_val);                                    
  89. 	                                                                                              
  90. 	    printf("read Data = %d \n",l_s8bit_val);                                                  
  91. 	                                                                                                
  92. 	  }else if(4==argc)                                                                             
  93. 	  {/**write**/                                                                                                                                                                            
  94. 	      printf("Write GPIO %d; Bit %d; Value %d\n",l_u8GPIONum,l_u8GPIOBit,l_u8SetValue);         
  95. 	                                                                                                
  96. 	      /***set IO output*/                                                                       
  97. 	      HstGpio_Set_Direction(l_eGpioGroup, l_eBit, GPIO_OUPUT);                                  
  98. 	                                                                                                
  99. 	      /**Write To IO**/ 
  100. 		  HstGpio_Set_Value(l_eGpioGroup,l_eBit,l_eData);
  101. 	  }else                                            
  102. 	  {                                                                                             
  103. 	                                                                                                
  104. 	  }
  105.  
  106. 	return 0;
  107.  
  108. }
  109.

    完整工程代码下载地址：Hi3520DV300 IO读写应用小程序

（六）路由追踪

路由追踪用来查看网络路由状态，在linux设备中，可以使用traceroute 和tracepath 命令来跟踪路由。在我UbuntuPC端我使用tracepath跟踪我主机到百度的路由如下：

  1. biao@ubuntu:~$ 
  2. biao@ubuntu:~$ 
  3. biao@ubuntu:~$ tracepath www.baidu.com
  4.  1?: [LOCALHOST]                                         pmtu 1500
  5.  1:  192.168.20.254                                        1.425ms 
  6.  1:  192.168.20.254                                        1.733ms 
  7.  2:  10.10.10.254                                          1.997ms 
  8.  3:  10.10.10.254                                          1.522ms pmtu 1492
  9.  3:  100.64.0.1                                           10.884ms 
  10.  4:  113.106.44.49                                         4.968ms asymm  5 
  11.  5:  202.105.158.77                                        4.629ms 
  12.  6:  113.96.4.42                                          11.837ms 
  13.  7:  no reply
  14.  8:  14.29.121.190                                         9.454ms 
  15.  9:  no reply
  16. 10:  no reply
  17. 11:  no reply
  18. 12:  no reply
  19. 13:  no reply
  20. 14:  no reply
  21. 15:  no reply
  22. ^C
  23. biao@ubuntu:~$

在我一台使用移动物联网卡的设备上运行traceroute,它是4G卡拨号上网的，他的路由情况如下：

  1. ~ # 
  2. ~ # 
  3. ~ # traceroute www.baidu.com
  4. traceroute to www.baidu.com (111.13.100.92), 30 hops max, 38 byte packets
  5.  1  *  192.168.16.17 (192.168.16.17)  177.186 ms  79.267 ms
  6.  2  *  *  *
  7.  3  117.132.190.74 (117.132.190.74)  68.455 ms  51.361 ms  59.812 ms
  8.  4  *  *  *
  9.  5  221.183.38.90 (221.183.38.90)  83.953 ms  87.263 ms  74.621 ms
  10.  6  111.13.98.101 (111.13.98.101)  81.521 ms  111.13.98.93 (111.13.98.93)  77.664 ms  111.13.98.101 (111.13.98.101)  79.678 ms
  11.  7  *  *  111.13.112.57 (111.13.112.57)  418.551 ms
  12.  8  *  *  *
  13.  9  *  *  *
  14. 10  *

（七）文件固定位置插入数据

       在文件的固定位置插入固定的数据

  1. #include <stdio.h>
  2. #include <stdlib.h>
  3. #include <string.h>
  4.  
  5. #define BASIC_FILE_NAME		"./nandflash.bin"
  6. #define UBOOT_FILE_NAME		"./u-boot.bin"
  7. #define KERNEL_FILE_NAME	"./kernel.bin"
  8. #define ROOTFS_FILE_NAME	"./rootfs.bin"
  9. #define APP_FILE_NAME		"./app.bin"
  10.  
  11.  
  12. #define UBOOT_POSITION		0x00
  13. #define KERNEL_POSITION		0x100000
  14. #define ROOTFS_POSITION		0x500000
  15. #define APP_POSITION		0x2700000
  16.  
  17.  
  18.  
  19. int InsertData(FILE *pfBasic,FILE *psInsert,int s32Position)
  20. {
  21. 	int l_S32Ret = 0;
  22. 	unsigned char l_arru8Temp[1024] = {0xff};
  23. 	
  24. 	fseek(pfBasic,s32Position,SEEK_SET);
  25. 	fseek(psInsert,0,SEEK_SET);
  26. 	while(1)
  27. 	{
  28. 		l_S32Ret = fread(l_arru8Temp,1,1024,psInsert);
  29. 		if(l_S32Ret > 0)
  30. 		{
  31. 			l_S32Ret = fwrite(l_arru8Temp,1,l_S32Ret,pfBasic);
  32. 			if(l_S32Ret<=0)
  33. 			{
  34. 				printf("line %d error l_S32Ret = %d \n",__LINE__,l_S32Ret);
  35. 				return -1;
  36. 			}
  37. 		}else
  38. 		{
  39. 			break;
  40. 		}
  41. 	}
  42. 	
  43. 	return 0;
  44. }
  45.  
  46.  
  47.  
  48. int main(void)
  49. {
  50. 	int l_s32Ret = 0;
  51. 	FILE *l_pfBasec = NULL;
  52. 	FILE *l_pfUboot = NULL;
  53. 	FILE *l_pfKernel = NULL;
  54. 	FILE *l_pfRootfs = NULL;
  55. 	FILE *l_pfApp = NULL;
  56.  
  57.  
  58. 	l_pfBasec = fopen(BASIC_FILE_NAME,"r+");
  59. 	if(NULL==l_pfBasec)
  60. 	{
  61. 		printf("line %d error \n",__LINE__);
  62. 		goto ERROR;
  63. 	}
  64.  
  65. 	l_pfUboot = fopen(UBOOT_FILE_NAME,"r");
  66. 	if(NULL==l_pfUboot)
  67. 	{
  68. 		printf("line %d error \n",__LINE__);
  69. 		goto ERROR;
  70. 	}
  71.  
  72. 	l_pfKernel = fopen(KERNEL_FILE_NAME,"r");
  73. 	if(NULL==l_pfKernel)
  74. 	{
  75. 		printf("line %d error \n",__LINE__);
  76. 		goto ERROR;
  77. 	}
  78.  
  79. 	l_pfRootfs = fopen(ROOTFS_FILE_NAME,"r");
  80. 	if(NULL==l_pfRootfs)
  81. 	{
  82. 		printf("line %d error \n",__LINE__);
  83. 		goto ERROR;
  84. 	}
  85.  
  86. 	l_pfApp = fopen(APP_FILE_NAME,"r");
  87. 	if(NULL==l_pfApp)
  88. 	{
  89. 		printf("line %d error \n",__LINE__);
  90. 		goto ERROR;
  91. 	}
  92.  
  93. 	if(0> InsertData(l_pfBasec,l_pfUboot,UBOOT_POSITION))
  94. 	{
  95. 		printf("line %d error \n",__LINE__);
  96. 		goto ERROR;
  97. 	}
  98.  
  99. 	if(0> InsertData(l_pfBasec,l_pfKernel,KERNEL_POSITION))
  100. 	{
  101. 		printf("line %d error \n",__LINE__);
  102. 		goto ERROR;
  103. 	}
  104.  
  105. 	if(0> InsertData(l_pfBasec,l_pfRootfs,ROOTFS_POSITION))
  106. 	{
  107. 		printf("line %d error \n",__LINE__);
  108. 		goto ERROR;
  109. 	}
  110.  
  111. 	if(0> InsertData(l_pfBasec,l_pfApp,APP_POSITION))
  112. 	{
  113. 		printf("line %d error \n",__LINE__);
  114. 		goto ERROR;
  115. 	}
  116.  
  117.  
  118. ERROR:
  119. 	if(NULL!=l_pfBasec)
  120. 	{
  121. 		fclose(l_pfBasec);
  122. 		l_pfBasec = NULL;
  123. 	}
  124.  
  125. 	if(NULL!=l_pfUboot)
  126. 	{
  127. 		fclose(l_pfUboot);
  128. 		l_pfUboot = NULL;
  129. 	}
  130. 	
  131. 	if(NULL!=l_pfKernel)
  132. 	{
  133. 		fclose(l_pfKernel);
  134. 		l_pfKernel = NULL;
  135. 	}
  136. 	
  137. 	
  138. 	if(NULL!=l_pfRootfs)
  139. 	{
  140. 		fclose(l_pfRootfs);
  141. 		l_pfRootfs = NULL;
  142. 	}
  143. 	
  144. 	if(NULL!=l_pfApp)
  145. 	{
  146. 		fclose(l_pfApp);
  147. 		l_pfApp = NULL;
  148. 	}
  149. 	
  150. 	return 0;
  151.  
  152. }

（七）H264 I帧与P帧偏移

    在H264存储的时候，P帧比I帧存储得快了14帧，需要将所有的P帧往后移动14帧。

  1. #include <stdio.h>
  2. #include <malloc.h>
  3. #include <pthread.h>
  4. #include <unistd.h>
  5. #include <string.h>
  6. #include <stdlib.h>
  7. #include <sys/time.h>
  8. #include <errno.h> 
  9.  
  10. /************************************************* 
  11. Function:    FindStartCode3  
  12. Description: 判断是否为0x00000001,如果是返回1     
  13. Return: 
  14. Others:
  15. Author: licaibiao
  16. Date:   2017-12-06
  17. *************************************************/
  18. static int FindStartCode3 (unsigned char *Buf)  
  19. {  
  20. 	if(Buf[0]!=0 || Buf[1]!=0 || Buf[2] !=0 || Buf[3] !=1) 
  21. 	{
  22. 		return 0;
  23. 	}
  24. 	else
  25. 	{
  26. 		return 1;  
  27. 	}	
  28. } 
  29.  
  30. int read_data(FILE *p_fd,unsigned char* pBuf,int* ps32Len)
  31. {
  32. 	int l_s32Pos = 0;
  33. 	int l_s32Rewind = -4;
  34. 	int l_s32NaluLen = 0;
  35. 	unsigned char l_u8FindFlag = 0;
  36. 	unsigned char *l_pBuf = NULL;
  37. 	l_pBuf = (unsigned char*)malloc (1024*1024*10);
  38. 	
  39. 	/**从码流中读取4个字节**/
  40. 	if (4 != fread (l_pBuf, 1, 4, p_fd))
  41. 	{  
  42. 		free(l_pBuf);  
  43. 		return -1;  
  44. 	} 
  45. 	
  46. 	/**判断是否是00 00 00 01**/
  47. 	if(FindStartCode3(l_pBuf))
  48. 	{
  49. 		l_u8FindFlag = 1;
  50. 		l_s32Pos = 4;
  51. 	}
  52. 	else
  53. 	{
  54. 		l_u8FindFlag = 0;
  55. 		printf("【[%s:%d] start code error  \n", __func__, __LINE__);
  56. 		return -1;
  57. 	}
  58. 	
  59. 	/**查找下一个开始字符标志位**/
  60. 	l_u8FindFlag = 0;
  61. 	while(!l_u8FindFlag)
  62. 	{
  63. 		/**判断是否到了文件尾**/
  64. 		if(feof(p_fd))
  65. 		{
  66. 			l_s32NaluLen = l_s32Pos - 1;
  67. 			memcpy (pBuf, l_pBuf, l_s32NaluLen);
  68. 			free(pBuf);
  69. 			pBuf = NULL;
  70. 			*ps32Len = l_s32NaluLen;
  71. 			return -2;
  72. 		}
  73. 		/**读取一个字节到pBuf 中**/
  74. 		l_pBuf[l_s32Pos++] = fgetc(p_fd);
  75. 		if(FindStartCode3(&l_pBuf[l_s32Pos-4]))
  76. 		{
  77. 			l_u8FindFlag = 1;
  78. 		}
  79. 	}
  80. 	
  81. 		/**把文件指针指向前一个NALU的末尾 **/
  82. 	if (0 != fseek (p_fd, l_s32Rewind, SEEK_CUR))
  83. 	{  
  84. 		free(l_pBuf);  
  85. 		printf("【[%s:%d] GetAnnexbNALU: Cannot fseek in the bit stream file  \n", __func__, __LINE__);
  86. 	} 
  87.  
  88. 	l_s32NaluLen = l_s32Pos + l_s32Rewind;
  89. 	memcpy(pBuf,l_pBuf,l_s32NaluLen);
  90. 	*ps32Len = l_s32NaluLen;
  91. 	
  92. 	return 0;
  93. }
  94.  
  95. int main()
  96. {
  97. 	unsigned char *l_pBuf = NULL;
  98. 	unsigned char *l_pTemp = NULL;
  99. 	unsigned char *l_pIFrame = NULL;
  100. 	unsigned char *l_pPFrame = NULL;
  101. 	unsigned char* l_IPack[30];
  102. 	unsigned char* l_PPack[30];
  103. 	unsigned int l_ILen[33] = {0};
  104. 	unsigned int l_PLen[33] = {0};
  105. 	unsigned int i =0;
  106. 	unsigned int j =0;
  107. 	unsigned int p =0;
  108. 	unsigned int l_s32ILen = 0;
  109. 	unsigned int l_s32PLen = 0;
  110. 	unsigned int l_d = 0;
  111. 	int l_s32Ret = 0;
  112. 	int l_s32Len = 0;
  113. 	
  114. 	FILE *l_fpInput = NULL;
  115. 	FILE *l_fpOutput = NULL;
  116.  
  117.     printf("biao debug %d \n",__LINE__);
  118. 	l_fpInput = fopen("./001.264","rb");
  119. 	if(NULL==l_fpInput)
  120. 	{
  121. 		printf("open error \n");
  122. 		return -1;
  123. 	}
  124. 	
  125. 	l_fpOutput = fopen("./002.h264","w+");
  126. 	if(NULL==l_fpOutput)
  127. 	{
  128. 		printf("open error \n");
  129. 		return -1;
  130. 	}
  131. 	printf("biao debug %d \n",__LINE__);
  132. 	l_pBuf = (unsigned char*)malloc (1024*1024*1);
  133. 	l_pTemp = (unsigned char*)malloc (1024*1024*1);
  134. 	l_pIFrame = (unsigned char*)malloc (1024*1024*1);
  135. 	l_pPFrame = (unsigned char*)malloc (1024*1024*1);
  136. 	
  137. 	for(i=0;i<33;i++)
  138. 	{
  139. 		l_IPack[i] = (unsigned char*)malloc (500*1024);
  140. 		l_PPack[i] = (unsigned char*)malloc (500*1024);	
  141. 	}
  142. 	i = 0;
  143.  
  144. 	p = 14;
  145. 	while(1)
  146. 	{
  147. 		l_s32Ret = read_data(l_fpInput,l_pBuf,&l_s32Len);
  148. 		if(0==l_s32Ret)
  149. 		{			
  150. 			if(0x61!=l_pBuf[4]) /**I**/
  151. 			{
  152. 				memcpy(&l_pIFrame[l_s32ILen],l_pBuf,l_s32Len);
  153. 				l_s32ILen +=l_s32Len;
  154. 				if(0x65==l_pBuf[4])
  155. 				{
  156. 					printf("write I %d\n",i);
  157. 					memcpy(l_IPack[i],l_pIFrame,l_s32ILen);
  158. 					l_ILen[i] = l_s32ILen;
  159. 					i++;
  160. 					l_s32ILen = 0;
  161. 				}
  162. 			}
  163.  
  164. 			if(0x61==l_pBuf[4]) /**P**/
  165. 			{
  166. 				memcpy(&l_pPFrame[l_s32PLen],l_pBuf,l_s32Len);
  167. 				l_s32PLen +=l_s32Len;
  168. 				p++;
  169. 				if(0==(p%44))
  170. 				{
  171. 					printf("write P %d frame=%d l_s32PLen = %d\n",j,p,l_s32PLen);
  172. 					memcpy(l_PPack[j],l_pPFrame,l_s32PLen);
  173. 					l_PLen[j] = l_s32PLen;
  174. 					j++;
  175. 					l_s32PLen = 0;
  176. 				}
  177. 			}
  178. 			
  179. 		}else
  180. 		{
  181. 			break;
  182. 		}
  183. 	}
  184. 	
  185. 	for(i=0;i<j;i++)
  186. 	{
  187. 		fwrite(l_IPack[i+3],1,l_ILen[i+3],l_fpOutput);
  188. 		fwrite(l_PPack[i],1,l_PLen[i],l_fpOutput);	
  189. 	}
  190. 	fclose(l_fpInput);
  191. 	fclose(l_fpOutput);
  192.  
  193. 	free(l_pBuf);
  194. 	free(l_pTemp);
  195. 	free(l_pIFrame);
  196. 	free(l_pPFrame);
  197. 	for(i=0;i<33;i++)
  198. 	{
  199. 		free(l_IPack[i]);
  200. 		free(l_PPack[i]);
  201. 	}
  202. 	return 0;
  203. }
  204.

（八）获取本地IP地址

    在linux设备中获取本地IP地址可以使用下面的程序，支持最大主机有三个网口的设备，当然这个网卡数可以修改。

  1. #include <stdio.h>
  2. #include <ifaddrs.h>
  3. #include <netinet/in.h>
  4. #include <string.h>
  5. #include <arpa/inet.h>
  6.  
  7. int get_local_ip(char *ps8IpList)
  8. {
  9.     struct ifaddrs *ifAddrStruct;
  10.     char l_s8IpAddr[INET_ADDRSTRLEN];
  11.     void *tmpAddrPtr;
  12.     int l_s32IPCount = 0;
  13.     
  14.     getifaddrs(&ifAddrStruct);
  15.     while (ifAddrStruct != NULL) 
  16.     {
  17.         if (ifAddrStruct->ifa_addr->sa_family==AF_INET)
  18.         {
  19.             tmpAddrPtr=&((struct sockaddr_in *)ifAddrStruct->ifa_addr)->sin_addr;
  20.             inet_ntop(AF_INET, tmpAddrPtr, l_s8IpAddr, INET_ADDRSTRLEN);
  21.             if (strcmp(l_s8IpAddr, "127.0.0.1") != 0) 
  22.             {
  23.                 if(l_s32IPCount == 0)
  24.                 {
  25.                         memcpy(ps8IpList, l_s8IpAddr, INET_ADDRSTRLEN);
  26.                 } else 
  27.                 {
  28.                         memcpy(ps8IpList+INET_ADDRSTRLEN, l_s8IpAddr, INET_ADDRSTRLEN);
  29.                 }
  30.                 l_s32IPCount++;
  31.             }
  32.         }
  33.         ifAddrStruct=ifAddrStruct->ifa_next;
  34.     }
  35.  
  36.     freeifaddrs(ifAddrStruct);
  37.     return l_s32IPCount;
  38. }
  39.  
  40. int main()
  41. {
  42.     char l_arrs8IpAddrList[3][INET_ADDRSTRLEN];
  43.     int l_s32AddrCount;
  44.     
  45.     memset(l_arrs8IpAddrList, 0, sizeof(l_arrs8IpAddrList));
  46.  
  47.     l_s32AddrCount = get_local_ip(*l_arrs8IpAddrList);
  48.  
  49.     for(l_s32AddrCount;l_s32AddrCount>0;l_s32AddrCount--)
  50.     {
  51.         printf("Server Local IP%d: %s\n",l_s32AddrCount,l_arrs8IpAddrList[l_s32AddrCount-1]);
  52.     }
  53. 	
  54. 	return 0;
  55. }

------------------------------------------2022.08.28日更新------------------------------------------

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