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用C语言实现采用最佳适应算法的动态分区分配过程和回收过程。
其中,空闲分区通过空闲分区链(表)来管理;在进行内存分配时,系统优先使用空闲区低端的空间,要求每次分配和回收后显示出空闲内存分区链的情况。
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <stdbool.h> #define FREE 0 #define BUSY 1 #define Max_length 640 typedef struct freearea//空闲区的结构体 { int ID;//分区号 int size;//分区大小 int address;//分区地址 bool isUsed;//使用状态,0为未占用,1为已占用 } freearea; typedef struct DuNode//首尾不互连的双向链表结点 { freearea data;//数据域 struct DuNode *prior;//指针域 struct DuNode *next; } DuNode, *DuLinkList; DuLinkList m_rid; DuLinkList m_last; void init()//空闲区队列初始化 { m_rid = (DuLinkList)malloc(sizeof(DuNode)); m_last = (DuLinkList)malloc(sizeof(DuNode)); m_rid->prior = NULL; m_rid->next = m_last; m_last->prior = m_rid; m_last->next = NULL; m_rid->data.size = 0; m_rid->data.isUsed = BUSY; //首结点不会被使用,定义为占用状态防止分区合并失败 m_last->data.address = 0; m_last->data.size = Max_length; m_last->data.ID = 0; m_last->data.isUsed = 0; } int best_fit(int ID,int size)//最佳适应算法 { int surplus;//记录可用内存与需求内存的差值 DuLinkList temp = (DuLinkList)malloc(sizeof(DuNode)); DuNode *p = m_rid->next; DuNode *q = NULL;//记录最佳位置 temp->data.ID = ID; temp->data.size = size; temp->data.isUsed = BUSY; while(p)//遍历链表,找到第一个可用的空闲区间赋给q { if (p->data.isUsed==FREE && p->data.size >= size) { q = p; surplus = p->data.size - size; break; } p=p->next; } while(p)//继续遍历,找到合适的位置 { if (p->data.isUsed == FREE && p->data.size == size) //分区大小刚好是作业申请的大小 { p->data.isUsed = BUSY; p->data.ID = ID; return 1; } if (p->data.isUsed == FREE && p->data.size > size) //可用内存与需求内存的差值更小 { if (surplus > p->data.size - size) { surplus = p->data.size-size; q = p; } } p=p->next; } if (q == NULL)//没有找到位置 return 0; else//找到最佳位置 { //将temp插入到结点q之前 temp->next = q; temp->prior = q->prior; temp->data.address = q->data.address; q->prior->next = temp; q->prior = temp; q->data.size = surplus; q->data.address += size; return 1; } } void alloc()//分配内存 { int ID,size1; printf("请输入作业号:"); scanf("%d", &ID); printf("请输入所需内存大小:"); scanf("%d", &size1); if (ID<=0 || size1<=0) printf("错误!请输入正确的作业号和请求的内存大小"); if(best_fit(ID,size1)) printf("分配内存成功!\n"); else printf("分配内存失败!\n"); } void freeNode()//释放内存 { int ID; DuNode *p = m_rid->next; printf("输入需要释放内存的作业号:"); scanf("%d", &ID); while (p) { if (p->data.ID == ID) { p->data.ID = 0; p->data.isUsed = FREE; if (!p->prior->data.isUsed && p->next->data.isUsed)//与前一个空闲区相邻,则合并 { p->prior->data.size += p->data.size; p->prior->next = p->next; p->next->prior = p->prior; } if (!p->next->data.isUsed && p->prior->data.isUsed) //与后一个空闲区相邻,则合并 { p->data.size += p->next->data.size; if(p->next->next) { p->next->next->prior=p; p->next = p->next->next; } else p->next = p->next->next; } if(!p->prior->data.isUsed && !p->next->data.isUsed) //前后的空闲区均为空 { p->prior->data.size += p->data.size + p->next->data.size; if(p->next->next) { p->next->next->prior = p->prior; p->prior->next = p->next->next; } else p->prior->next = p->next->next; } printf("释放内存成功!\n"); break; } p = p->next; if(!p) printf("内存中没有该需要释放内存的作业!"); } } void show() { printf("------------------"); printf("内存分配情况"); printf("------------------\n"); DuNode *p = m_rid->next; while(p) { printf("分区号:"); if (p->data.ID==FREE) printf("FREE\n"); else printf("%d \n", p->data.ID); printf("起始地址:%d\n", p->data.address); printf("内存大小:%d\n", p->data.size); printf("分区状态:"); if (p->data.isUsed==FREE) printf("空闲\n"); else printf("已分配\n"); printf("------------------\n"); p=p->next; } } int main() { printf("------------------"); printf("最佳适应算法"); printf("------------------\n"); init(); int tag = 1; while(tag < 3 && tag > 0) { printf("输入要进行的操作"); printf("(1-分配内存,2-内存释放,其他-退出程序):"); scanf("%d", &tag); switch(tag) { case 1: alloc(); show(); break; case 2: freeNode(); show(); break; default: printf("程序已退出!"); } } }
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