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kafka内存溢出分析：OutOfMemoryError_cannot resolve org.apache.kafka:kafka-clients

作者：繁依Fanyi0 | 2024-05-26 08:42:29

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cannot resolve org.apache.kafka:kafka-clients

线上Kafka问题分析：OutOfMemoryError

欢迎来到实力至上主义的教室

前言：

最近在线上遇到个奇怪的问题，具体的情景是：由于客户有相应的需求，我们需要提前在程序中判断Kafka集群是否可用，于是我们使用了Kafka0.11.0.0版本之后提供的KafkaAdminClient，这可以方便的创建一个kafka客户端进行集群的管理操作。

经过：

我们使用listTopics()来获取kafka集群所有的topic，如果能获取到相应数据，则能够说明kafka集群运行正常，代码很简单：

package com.wenjie.demo.kafkaconnector.client;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.admin.AdminClient;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.admin.KafkaAdminClient;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.admin.ListTopicsResult;

import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import java.util.Properties;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;

/**
 * @author BlackSugar
 * @date 2020/11/19
 */
@Slf4j
public class MyAdminClient {
   
    private static InetAddress localInetAddr = null;

    static {
   
        try {
   
            localInetAddr = InetAddress.getLocalHost();
        } catch (UnknownHostException e) {
   
            e.printStackTrace();
            log.error("Get local host error!!!");
        }
    }

    private static void isReachable(InetAddress remoteInetAddr, int port, int timeout) {
   
        Properties properties = new Properties();
        String host = remoteInetAddr.getHostAddress() + ":" + port;
        properties.put("bootstrap.servers", host);
        properties.put("connections.max.idle.ms", 10000);
        properties.put("request.timeout.ms", timeout);
        try (AdminClient client = KafkaAdminClient.create(properties)) {
   
            ListTopicsResult topics = client.listTopics();
            Set<String> names = topics.names().get();
            log.info("SUCCESS - Connection established! Local:{}, remote:{}, port:{}, topic:[{}]",
                    localInetAddr.getHostAddress(), remoteInetAddr.getHostAddress(), port, names);
        } catch (InterruptedException | ExecutionException e) {
   
            // Kafka is not available
            log.error("FAILED - Can not connect to kafka cluster! Local:{}, remote:{}, port:{}, exception: ",
                    localInetAddr.getHostAddress(), remoteInetAddr.getHostAddress(), port, e);
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
   
        try {
   
            isReachable(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"), 9092, 5000);
        } catch (UnknownHostException e) {
   
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}



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仅依赖kafka客户端即可，POM文件：

		<dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.kafka</groupId>
            <artifactId>kafka-clients</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.1</version>
        </dependency>
            
        <!--lombok -->    
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

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成功日志（返回topics）：

2020-11-18 16:33:25.085  INFO 45508 --- [http-nio-8990-exec-8] o.a.kafka.common.utils.AppInfoParser     : Kafka startTimeMs: 1605774805085
2020-11-18 16:33:25.096  INFO 45508 --- [http-nio-8990-exec-8] com.wenjie.demo.kafkaconnector.client.MyAdminClient       : SUCCESS - Connection established! Local:127.0.0.1, remote:127.0.0.1, port:9092, topic:[topic1,topic2]

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失败日志(超时)：

15:47:15.942 [main] DEBUG org.apache.kafka.clients.admin.KafkaAdminClient - [AdminClient clientId=adminclient-1] Kafka admin client closed.
15:47:15.942 [main] ERROR com.wenjie.demo.kafkaconnector.client.MyAdminClient - FAILED - Can not connect to kafka cluster! Local:127.0.0.1, remote:127.0.0.1, port:9091, exception: 
java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.kafka.common.errors.TimeoutException: Timed out waiting for a node assignment.
	at org.apache.kafka.common.internals.KafkaFutureImpl.wrapAndThrow(KafkaFutureImpl.java:45)
	at org.apache.kafka.common.internals.KafkaFutureImpl.access$000(KafkaFutureImpl.java:32)
	at org.apache.kafka.common.internals.KafkaFutureImpl$SingleWaiter.await(KafkaFutureImpl.java:89)
	at org.apache.kafka.common.internals.KafkaFutureImpl.get(KafkaFutureImpl.java:260)
	at com.wenjie.demo.kafkaconnector.client.MyAdminClient.isReachable(MyAdminClient.java:39)
	at com.wenjie.demo.kafkaconnector.client.MyAdminClient.main(MyAdminClient.java:51)
Caused by: org.apache.kafka.common.errors.TimeoutException: Timed out waiting for a node assignment.

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项目运行了一段时间没什么问题，直到有一天线上突然报出OOM:

2020-11-18 17:37:48.107 ERROR 41072 --- [kafka-admin-client-thread | adminclient-5] o.apache.kafka.common.utils.KafkaThread  : Uncaught exception in thread 'kafka-admin-client-thread | adminclient-5':

java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space
        at java.nio.HeapByteBuffer.<init>(HeapByteBuffer.java:57)
        at java.nio.ByteBuffer.allocate(ByteBuffer.java:335)
        at org.apache.kafka.common.memory.MemoryPool$1.tryAllocate(MemoryPool.java:30)
        at org.apache.kafka.common.network.NetworkReceive.readFrom(NetworkReceive.java:112)
        at org.apache.kafka.common.network.KafkaChannel.receive(KafkaChannel.java:424)
        at org.apache.kafka.common.network.KafkaChannel.read(KafkaChannel.java:385)
        at org.apache.kafka.common.network.Selector.attemptRead(Selector.java:651)
        at org.apache.kafka.common.network.Selector.pollSelectionKeys(Selector.java:572)
        at org.apache.kafka.common.network.Selector.poll(Selector.java:483)
        at org.apache.kafka.clients.NetworkClient.poll(NetworkClient.java:539)
        at org.apache.kafka.clients.admin.KafkaAdminClient$AdminClientRunnable.run(KafkaAdminClient.java:1152)
        at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)


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通过观察gc日志，我们发现异常出现的时间进行了Full GC，还GC不掉：

2020-11-18T17:37:48.387+0800: 3.095: [Full GC (Metadata GC Threshold) [PSYoungGen: 6468K->0K(299008K)] [ParOldGen: 5580K->11448K(349696K)] 12049K->11448K(648704K), [Metaspace: 33895K->33895K(1079296K)], 0.0712752 secs] [Times: user=0.20 sys=0.00, real=0.08 secs]

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这就奇怪了，怎么会突然报Full GC呢，看GC应该是出现了大对象，直接把内存撑爆了，于是我开始向这个方向着手排查。

通过一系列的验证，我发现出现OOM的时候，都是Kafka客户端尝试访问一个非Kafka的TCP服务的时候（访问正常的Kafka服务会success，访问不畅通的TCP服务的时候会timout）。

顺着这个情况找下去，最终找到了这个类：NetworkReceive，关键代码如下：

public long readFrom(ScatteringByteChannel channel) throws IOException {
   
        ...
            if (!size.hasRemaining()) {
   
                size.rewind();
                int receiveSize = size.getInt();
                if (receiveSize < 0)
                    throw new InvalidReceiveException("Invalid receive (size = " + receiveSize + ")");
                if (maxSize != UNLIMITED && receiveSize > maxSize)
                    throw new InvalidReceiveException("Invalid receive (size = " + receiveSize + " larger than " + maxSize + ")");
                requestedBufferSize = receiveSize; 
                if (receiveSize == 0) {
   
                    buffer = EMPTY_BUFFER;
                }
            }
 		...
        if (buffer == null && requestedBufferSize != -1) {
    
            buffer = memoryPool.tryAllocate(requestedBufferSize);
           ...
    }

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关键就在于这个buffer，在OOM时想要申请一个1213486160字节（约1.1G）的内存空间，而我们程序的最大堆-Xmx才配的1G，当然会OOM啦。

好的，现在问题是找到了 ，那么原因呢？

拜托了万能的google，我找到了这个：

其中表示当Kafka服务端接受到一个HTTP服务的时候，生成的数据会特别大，然后Kafka在0.10.1.1之后做了更新，解决了这个问题，可是客户端呢？就被遗忘了？坑爹呢！

不过可能Kafka的开发人员也没想到会有这么奇葩的需求吧~

这里我推测是由于无法正常序列化HTTP报文，导致序列化出来的数据特别大（ps：thrift也有类似问题）。

言归正传，原因也发现了，那怎么解决？

回到上面代码，我们可以看到：

if (maxSize != UNLIMITED && receiveSize > maxSize)
                    throw new InvalidReceiveException("Invalid receive (size = " + receiveSize + " larger than " + maxSize + ")");
                requestedBufferSize = receiveSize; 

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好家伙，我直接好家伙，buffer是根据requestedBufferSize来申请的，这不是有相关配置吗，如果这里我们配置一个maxSize，那么程序就会直接抛出异常，而不会到申请内存的地方，我们再在外部将这个异常捕获处理，那一切不就ok了吗？

naive，我是真的naive，我一路追寻这个maxSize，最终找到了它配置的地方： org.apache.kafka.common.network.Selector，它的构造函数：

public Selector(int maxReceiveSize,
            long connectionMaxIdleMs,
            int failedAuthenticationDelayMs,
            Metrics metrics,
            Time time,
            String metricGrpPrefix,
            Map<String, String> metricTags,
            boolean metricsPerConnection,
            boolean recordTimePerConnection,
            ChannelBuilder channelBuilder,
            MemoryPool memoryPool,
            LogContext logContext) {
   
        try {
   
            this.nioSelector = java.nio.channels.Selector.open();
        } catch (IOException e) {
   
            throw new KafkaException(e);
        }
        this.maxReceiveSize = maxReceiveSize;
        this.time = time;
        this.channels = new HashMap<>();
        this.explicitlyMutedChannels = new HashSet<>();
        this.outOfMemory = false;
        this.completedSends = new ArrayList<>();
        this.completedReceives = new ArrayList<>();
        this.stagedReceives = new HashMap<>();
        this.immediatelyConnectedKeys = new HashSet<>();
        this.closingChannels = new HashMap<>();
        this.keysWithBufferedRead = new HashSet<>();
        this.connected = new ArrayList<>();
        this.disconnected = new HashMap<>();
        this.failedSends = new ArrayList<>();
        this.sensors = new SelectorMetrics(metrics, metricGrpPrefix, metricTags, metricsPerConnection);
        this.channelBuilder = channelBuilder;
        this.recordTimePerConnection = recordTimePerConnection;
        this.idleExpiryManager = connectionMaxIdleMs < 0 ? null : new IdleExpiryManager(time, connectionMaxIdleMs);
        this.memoryPool = memoryPool;
        this.lowMemThreshold = (long) (0.1 * this.memoryPool.size());
        this.log = logContext.logger(Selector.class);
        this.failedAuthenticationDelayMs = failedAuthenticationDelayMs;
        this.delayedClosingChannels = (failedAuthenticationDelayMs > NO_FAILED_AUTHENTICATION_DELAY) ? new LinkedHashMap<String, DelayedAuthenticationFailureClose>() : null;
    }
    public Selector(int maxReceiveSize,
                    long connectionMaxIdleMs,
                    Metrics metrics,
                    Time time,
                    String metricGrpPrefix,
                    Map<String, String> metricTags,
                    boolean metricsPerConnection,
                    boolean recordTimePerConnection,
                    ChannelBuilder channelBuilder,
                    MemoryPool memoryPool,
                    LogContext logContext) {
   
        this(maxReceiveSize, connectionMaxIdleMs, NO_FAILED_AUTHENTICATION_DELAY, metrics, time, metricGrpPrefix, metricTags,
                metricsPerConnection, recordTimePerConnection, channelBuilder, memoryPool, logContext);
    }
    public Selector(int maxReceiveSize,
                long connectionMaxIdleMs,
                int failedAuthenticationDelayMs,
                Metrics metrics,
                Time time,
                String metricGrpPrefix,
                Map<String, String> metricTags,
                boolean metricsPerConnection,
                ChannelBuilder channelBuilder,
                LogContext logContext) {
   
        this(maxReceiveSize, connectionMaxIdleMs, failedAuthenticationDelayMs, metrics, time, metricGrpPrefix, metricTags, metricsPerConnection, false, channelBuilder, MemoryPool.NONE, logContext);
    }
    public Selector(int maxReceiveSize,
            long connectionMaxIdleMs,
            Metrics metrics,
            Time time,
            String metricGrpPrefix,
            Map<String, String> metricTags,
            boolean metricsPerConnection,
            ChannelBuilder channelBuilder,
            LogContext logContext) {
   
        this(maxReceiveSize, connectionMaxIdleMs, NO_FAILED_AUTHENTICATION_DELAY, metrics, time, metricGrpPrefix, metricTags, metricsPerConnection, channelBuilder, logContext);
    }
    public Selector(long connectionMaxIdleMS, Metrics metrics, Time time, String metricGrpPrefix, ChannelBuilder channelBuilder, LogContext logContext) {
   
        this(NetworkReceive.UNLIMITED, connectionMaxIdleMS, metrics, time, metricGrpPrefix, Collections.emptyMap(), true, channelBuilder, logContext);
    }
    }

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这个maxReceiveSize就是我们找的目标了，而有他的构造函数一个调用都没有，而没有这个参数的构造函数，它的调用方是：
在这里插入图片描述

好吧，一家人整整齐齐。也是不知道为什么Kafka官方不提供一个可配置maxReceiveSize的调用。

我们来看KafkaAdminClient：

static KafkaAdminClient createInternal(AdminClientConfig config, TimeoutProcessorFactory timeoutProcessorFactory) {
   
       		...
           Selector(config.getLong(AdminClientConfig.CONNECTIONS_MAX_IDLE_MS_CONFIG),
                    metrics, time, metricGrpPrefix, channelBuilder, logContext);
            ...
    }

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的确没法配置，没办法，我们只有重写这个类了，这里我们只需要create、listTopics、close方法，其他的就不需要写了，最终代码如下（注意引用我们自己的类）：

最终代码：

package com.wenjie.demo.kafkaconnector.client;

import com.wenjie.demo.kafkaconnector.component.AdminClient;
import com.wenjie.demo.kafkaconnector.component.KafkaAdminClient;
import com.wenjie.demo.kafkaconnector.component.ListTopicsResult;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;

import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import java.util.Properties;
import java.util.Set;

/**
 * @author BlackSugar
 * @date 2020/11/19
 */
@Slf4j
public class MyAdminClient {
   
    private static InetAddress localInetAddr = null;

    static {
   
        try {
   
            localInetAddr = InetAddress.getLocalHost();
        } catch (UnknownHostException e) {
   
            e.printStackTrace();
            log.error("Get local host error!!!");
        }
    }

    private static void isReachable(InetAddress remoteInetAddr, int port, int timeout) 
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