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先电openstack2.4云计算省赛任务一:iaas平台搭建任务_云计算竞赛 xiandian
作者：繁依Fanyi0 | 2024-02-11 13:49:45
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云计算竞赛 xiandian
任务一、IaaS云平台搭建（15分）
修改云平台IaaS各节点的系统配置，按云平台搭建步骤逐步安装，并完成相应的答题。
1.操作系统环境配置（1分）
按以下要求设置主机名、防火墙及SELinux：
（1）设置控制节点主机名为controller，计算节点主机名为compute；
（2）关闭控制节点和计算节点的防火墙，设置开机不启动；
（3）设置控制节点和计算节点的SELinux为Permissive模式；
（4）退出SecureCRT，重新通过ssh连接各节点服务器；
使用命令查询控制节点和计算节点的主机名、防火墙是否处于关闭状态及SELinux的状态。以文本形式依次将命令行及查询信息提交到答题框。
[root@controller ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname controller/compute [root@controller ~]# hostname controller [root@compute ~]# hostname compute [root@controller ~]#systemctl stop firewalld//停止防火墙 [root@controller ~]#systemctl disable firewalld//禁止开机自启=永久关闭防火墙 [root@controller ~]#systemctl status firewalld//查看防火墙状态 ● firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; disabled; vendor preset: enabled) Active: inactive (dead) Docs: man:firewalld(1) [root@controller ~]# setenforce 0 [root@controller ~]# getenforce //查看selinux的状态 Permissive
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2.上传镜像源并挂载（1分）
将提供的 CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1804.iso 和 chinaskill_cloud_iaas.iso光盘镜像上传到 controller 节点/root 目录下，然后在/opt 目录下分别创建centos目录和 OpenStack 目录，并将镜像文件 CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1804.iso 挂载到centos目录下，将镜像文件 chinaskill_cloud_iaas.iso 挂载到OpenStack 目录下；使用df命令查看挂载的信息（需显示挂载的文件系统类型）。依次将操作命令及执行结果以文本形式提交到答题框。
[root@controller ~]# mkdir /opt/{centos，openstack}//同时创建两个目录
[root@controller ~]# mount -o loop CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso /opt/centos/ //挂载镜像到centos目录
mount: /dev/loop0 is write-protected, mounting read-only//显示只读挂载成功
[root@controller ~]# mount -o loop XianDian-IaaS-v2.2.iso /opt/openstack/
mount: /dev/loop1 is write-protected, mounting read-only
[root@controller ~]# df -Th//查看挂载的详情信息
Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/vda1 xfs 50G 7.6G 43G 16% /
devtmpfs devtmpfs 984M 0 984M 0% /dev
tmpfs tmpfs 1001M 0 1001M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs tmpfs 1001M 17M 985M 2% /run
tmpfs tmpfs 1001M 0 1001M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/loop0 iso9660 4.1G 4.1G 0 100% /opt/centos
/dev/loop1 iso9660 2.7G 2.7G 0 100% /opt/openstack
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3.配置本地以及远程yum源（1分）
配置控制节点本地yum源文件local.repo，搭建ftp服务并配置根目录为指向存放yum源的路径；配置计算节点yum源文件ftp.repo，使用控制节点ftp服务作为yum源，其中节点的地址以主机名表示；使用cat命令查看控制节点和计算节点的yum源全路径配置文件。依次将操作命令及返回结果以文本形式提交到答题框。
[root@controller ~]# mv /etc/yum.repos.d/* /mnt //移走所有自带yum.repo配置文件 [root@controller ~]# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo //新建本地yum源配置文件 compute节点同理 名称改为ftp.repo即可 [root@controller ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo [centos] name=centos baseurl=file:///opt/centos enabled=1 gpgcheck=0 [iaas] name=iaas baseurl=file:///opt/openstack/iaas-repo enabled=1 gpgcheck=0 [root@controller ~]# yum install vsftpd -y [root@controller ~]# vi /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf anon_root=/opt/ //在ftp的配置文件里添加一行 指定匿名用户的根目录在/opt下 [root@controller ~]# systemctl restart vsftpd //在linux系统里,修改完任何服务的配置文件后,想要新配置生效必须重启此服务. [root@controller ~]# systemctl enable vsftpd // 设置开机自启 [root@compute ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/ftp.repo [centos] name=centos baseurl=ftp://controller/centos enabled=1 gpgcheck=0 [iaas] name=iaas baseurl=ftp://controller/openstack/iaas-repo enabled=1 gpgcheck=0 //想要在配置文件里使用主机名去访问 就得在两个节点上配置hosts的主机名映射 [root@controller ~]# vi /etc/hosts //两个节点都要是添加 添加两行: controller节点IP 192.168.100.10 controller compute节点IP 192.168.100.20 compute
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在Compute节点上利用centos目录中的软件包安装httpd服务器并设置开机自启动，提供yum仓库服务，并分别设置controller节点和compute节点的yum源文件http.repo，其中节点的地址使用IP形式。
[root@controller ~]# yum install httpd -y [root@controller ~]# vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf //修改配置文件 设置个http的访问主页为/opt目录 120 DocumentRoot "/opt/" 121 122 # 123 # Relax access to content within /var/www. 124 # 125 <Directory "/opt/"> 126 AllowOverride None 127 # Allow open access: 128 Require all granted 129 Options Indexes FollowSymLinks 130 </Directory> [root@controller ~]# systemctl restart httpd [root@controller ~]# systemctl enable httpd ---------------------------------- http.repo文件的写法 controller/compute [centos] name=centos baseurl=http://192.168.100.10/centos enabled=1 gpgcheck=0
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在compute节点上利用空白分区划分2个100G分区。
[root@compute ~]# lsblk NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT sda 8:0 0 1T 0 disk ├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot └─sda2 8:2 0 266G 0 part ├─centos-root 253:0 0 256G 0 lvm / └─centos-swap 253:1 0 10G 0 lvm [SWAP] sr0 11:0 1 4.2G 0 rom [root@compute ~]# fdisk /dev/sda Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2). Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. Be careful before using the write command. Command (m for help): n Partition type: p primary (2 primary, 0 extended, 2 free) e extended Select (default p): p Partition number (3,4, default 3): First sector (559947776-2147483647, default 559947776): Using default value 559947776 Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (559947776-2147483647, default 2147483647): +100G Partition 3 of type Linux and of size 100 GiB is set Command (m for help): n Partition type: p primary (3 primary, 0 extended, 1 free) e extended Select (default e): p Selected partition 4 First sector (769662976-2147483647, default 769662976): Using default value 769662976 Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (769662976-2147483647, default 2147483647): +100G Partition 4 of type Linux and of size 100 GiB is set Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sda: 1099.5 GB, 1099511627776 bytes, 2147483648 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk label type: dos Disk identifier: 0x000d4afa Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 2099199 1048576 83 Linux /dev/sda2 2099200 559947775 278924288 8e Linux LVM /dev/sda3 559947776 769662975 104857600 83 Linux /dev/sda4 769662976 979378175 104857600 83 Linux Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy. The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8) Syncing disks. [root@compute ~]# partprobe //刷新分区表 [root@compute ~]# lsblk NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT sda 8:0 0 1T 0 disk ├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot ├─sda2 8:2 0 266G 0 part │ ├─centos-root 253:0 0 256G 0 lvm / │ └─centos-swap 253:1 0 10G 0 lvm [SWAP] ├─sda3 8:3 0 100G 0 part //新建的两个分区 给后面的cinder服务和swift服务使用 └─sda4 8:4 0 100G 0 part sr0 11:0 1 4.2G 0 rom
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4.环境变量配置（1分）
在控制节点和计算节点分别安装iaas-xiandian软件包，根据表2完成脚本文件openrc.sh的配置。以文本形式提交脚本文件的内容到答题框中。
[root@controller ~]# yum install iaas-xiandian -y [root@compute ~]# yum install iaas-xiandian -y [root@controller ~]# vi /etc/xiandian/openrc.sh //两个节点都要修改 [root@controller ~]# cat /etc/xiandian/openrc.sh // 进入vi编辑后在末行模式下输入 :%s/^#//g 可以删除所有行的第一个#号 #--------------------system Config--------------------## #Controller Server Manager IP. example:x.x.x.x HOST_IP=172.17.1.10 //controller节点nat网卡的ip #Controller HOST Password. example:000000 HOST_PASS=000000 #Controller Server hostname. example:controller HOST_NAME=controller #Compute Node Manager IP. example:x.x.x.x HOST_IP_NODE=172.17.1.20 //compute节点nat网卡IP #Compute HOST Password. example:000000 HOST_PASS_NODE=000000 #Compute Node hostname. example:compute HOST_NAME_NODE=compute #--------------------Chrony Config-------------------## #Controller network segment IP. example:x.x.0.0/16(x.x.x.0/24) network_segment_IP=172.17.1.0/24 //两个节点nat网卡的网段 用于时间同步服务 #--------------------Rabbit Config ------------------## #user for rabbit. example:openstack RABBIT_USER=openstack #Password for rabbit user .example:000000 RABBIT_PASS=000000 #--------------------MySQL Config---------------------## #Password for MySQL root user . exmaple:000000 DB_PASS=000000 #--------------------Keystone Config------------------## #Password for Keystore admin user. exmaple:000000 DOMAIN_NAME=demo ADMIN_PASS=000000 DEMO_PASS=000000 #Password for Mysql keystore user. exmaple:000000 KEYSTONE_DBPASS=000000 #--------------------Glance Config--------------------## #Password for Mysql glance user. exmaple:000000 GLANCE_DBPASS=000000 #Password for Keystore glance user. exmaple:000000 GLANCE_PASS=000000 #--------------------Nova Config----------------------## #Password for Mysql nova user. exmaple:000000 NOVA_DBPASS=000000 #Password for Keystore nova user. exmaple:000000 NOVA_PASS=000000 #--------------------Neturon Config-------------------## #Password for Mysql neutron user. exmaple:000000 NEUTRON_DBPASS=000000 #Password for Keystore neutron user. exmaple:000000 NEUTRON_PASS=000000 #metadata secret for neutron. exmaple:000000 METADATA_SECRET=000000 #Tunnel Network Interface. example:x.x.x.x INTERFACE_IP=172.17.1.10 //当前节点的内网IP 也就是controller节点的nat网卡IP 在compute节点就是172.17.1.20 两个节点的配置文件就这里不一样 其他直接复制即可 #External Network Interface. example:eth1 INTERFACE_NAME=eth1 //内网网卡=nat网卡 #External Network The Physical Adapter. example:provider Physical_NAME=provider //供应商名称 默认 #First Vlan ID in VLAN RANGE for VLAN Network. exmaple:101 minvlan=101 //VLAN id 默认 #Last Vlan ID in VLAN RANGE for VLAN Network. example:200 maxvlan=200 //VLAN id 默认 #--------------------Cinder Config--------------------## #Password for Mysql cinder user. exmaple:000000 CINDER_DBPASS=000000 #Password for Keystore cinder user. exmaple:000000 CINDER_PASS=000000 #Cinder Block Disk. example:md126p3 BLOCK_DISK=vda3 //compute节点分好的区 用于cinder块存储 具体区你们的compute节点上查看 查看分区命令:lsblk #--------------------Swift Config---------------------## #Password for Keystore swift user. exmaple:000000 SWIFT_PASS=000000 #The NODE Object Disk for Swift. example:md126p4. OBJECT_DISK=vda4 //compute节点分好的区 用于swift对象存储 具体区你们的compute节点上查看 查看分区命令:lsblk #The NODE IP for Swift Storage Network. example:x.x.x.x. STORAGE_LOCAL_NET_IP=172.17.1.20 //swift服务运行的节点 compute节点的ip #--------------------Heat Config----------------------## #Password for Mysql heat user. exmaple:000000 HEAT_DBPASS=000000 #Password for Keystore heat user. exmaple:000000 HEAT_PASS=000000 #--------------------Zun Config-----------------------## #Password for Mysql Zun user. exmaple:000000 ZUN_DBPASS=000000 #Password for Keystore Zun user. exmaple:000000 ZUN_PASS=000000 #Password for Mysql Kuryr user. exmaple:000000 KURYR_DBPASS=000000 #Password for Keystore Kuryr user. exmaple:000000 KURYR_PASS=000000 #--------------------Ceilometer Config----------------## #Password for Gnocchi ceilometer user. exmaple:000000 CEILOMETER_DBPASS=000000 #Password for Keystore ceilometer user. exmaple:000000 CEILOMETER_PASS=000000 #--------------------AODH Config----------------## #Password for Mysql AODH user. exmaple:000000 AODH_DBPASS=000000 #Password for Keystore AODH user. exmaple:000000 AODH_PASS=000000 #--------------------Barbican Config----------------## #Password for Mysql Barbican user. exmaple:000000 BARBICAN_DBPASS=000000 #Password for Keystore Barbican user. exmaple:000000 BARBICAN_PASS=000000 [root@controller ~]# source /etc/xiandian/openrc.sh //加载环境变量
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5.数据库安装（2分）
使用脚本安装数据库服务，进入数据库。
（1）创建本地用户examuser，密码为000000；
（2）查询mysql数据库中的user表的host，user，password字段；
（3）赋予这个用户对所有数据库拥有“查询”“删除”“更新”“创建”的本地权限。 依次将操作命令和返回结果以文本形式提交到答题框。
[root@controller ~]# iaas-pre-host.sh //两个节点在跑脚本之前一定要先安装初始化的脚本 [root@controller ~]# iaas-install-mysql.sh [root@controller ~]# mysql -uroot -p000000 //登录数据库 [MariaDB [(none)]> insert into mysql.user(host,user,Password) values("localhost","examuser",Password("000000")); Query OK, 1 row affected, 4 warnings (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> use mysql Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed MariaDB [mysql]> select host,user,password from user; +-----------+----------+-------------------------------------------+ | host | user | password | +-----------+----------+-------------------------------------------+ | localhost | root | *032197AE5731D4664921A6CCAC7CFCE6A0698693 | | xiandian | root | *032197AE5731D4664921A6CCAC7CFCE6A0698693 | | 127.0.0.1 | root | *032197AE5731D4664921A6CCAC7CFCE6A0698693 | | ::1 | root | *032197AE5731D4664921A6CCAC7CFCE6A0698693 | | localhost | keystone | *032197AE5731D4664921A6CCAC7CFCE6A0698693 | | % | keystone | *032197AE5731D4664921A6CCAC7CFCE6A0698693 | | localhost | glance | *032197AE5731D4664921A6CCAC7CFCE6A0698693 | | % | glance | *032197AE5731D4664921A6CCAC7CFCE6A0698693 | | localhost | nova | *032197AE5731D4664921A6CCAC7CFCE6A0698693 | | % | nova | *032197AE5731D4664921A6CCAC7CFCE6A0698693 | | localhost | neutron | *032197AE5731D4664921A6CCAC7CFCE6A0698693 | | % | neutron | *032197AE5731D4664921A6CCAC7CFCE6A0698693 | | localhost | cinder | *032197AE5731D4664921A6CCAC7CFCE6A0698693 | | % | cinder | *032197AE5731D4664921A6CCAC7CFCE6A0698693 | | localhost | heat | *032197AE5731D4664921A6CCAC7CFCE6A0698693 | | % | heat | *032197AE5731D4664921A6CCAC7CFCE6A0698693 | | localhost | aodh | *032197AE5731D4664921A6CCAC7CFCE6A0698693 | | % | aodh | *032197AE5731D4664921A6CCAC7CFCE6A0698693 | | localhost | examuser | *032197AE5731D4664921A6CCAC7CFCE6A0698693 | +-----------+----------+-------------------------------------------+ 19 rows in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [mysql]> grant select,delete,update,create on *.* to examuser@"localhost" identified by "000000"; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) MariaDB [mysql]> flush privileges; //刷新权限 MariaDB [mysql]> exit
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6.keystone安装（2分）
使用脚本安装keystone服务，创建用户testuser，密码为xiandian，将testuser用户分配给admin项目，赋予用户admin的权限。依次将操作命令和查询结果以文本形式提交到答题框。
[root@controller ~]# iaas-install-keystone.sh
[root@controller ~]# source /etc/keystone/admin-openrc.sh //加载keystone的环境变量
[root@controller ~]# openstack user create --domain demo --password xiandian testuser
+-----------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-----------+----------------------------------+
| domain_id | 5a486c51bc8e4dffa4a181f6c54e0938 |
| enabled | True |
| id | ec6d67cdb3ac4b3ca827587c14be0a3e |
| name | testuser |
+-----------+----------------------------------+
[root@controller ~]# openstack role add --project admin --user testuser admin
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7.glance安装（2分）
使用脚本安装glance服务。使用CentOS_6.5_x86_64_XD.qcow2文件创建名为examimage的镜像；使用openstack命令查看镜像列表；设置该镜像的标签为lastone，查询镜像详细信息。依次将操作命令和查询结果以文本形式提交到答题框。
[root@controller ~]# iaas-install-glance.sh [root@controller ~]# glance image-create --name "testone" --disk-format "qcow2" --container-format bare --progress < /root/CentOS_6.5_x86_64_XD.qcow2 [=============================>] 100% +------------------+--------------------------------------+ | Property | Value | +------------------+--------------------------------------+ | checksum | 3e565ace16066679ea363dde5411ed25 | | container_format | bare | | created_at | 2018-01-17T09:01:36Z | | disk_format | qcow2 | | id | 3bb63ae0-3129-442b-b19f-9f66298132aa | | min_disk | 0 | | min_ram | 0 | | name | examimage | | owner | 0ab2dbde4f754b699e22461426cd0774 | | protected | False | | size | 283181056 | | status | active | | tags | [] | | updated_at | 2018-01-17T09:01:38Z | | virtual_size | None | | visibility | private | +------------------+--------------------------------------+ [root@controller ~]# openstack image list +--------------------------------------+-----------+--------+ | ID | Name | Status | +--------------------------------------+-----------+--------+ | 3bb63ae0-3129-442b-b19f-9f66298132aa | examimage | active | +--------------------------------------+-----------+--------+ [root@controller ~]# openstack image set examimage --tag lastone [root@controller ~]# openstack image show examimage +------------------+------------------------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +------------------+------------------------------------------------------+ | checksum | 3e565ace16066679ea363dde5411ed25 | | container_format | bare | | created_at | 2018-01-17T09:01:36Z | | disk_format | qcow2 | | file | /v2/images/3bb63ae0-3129-442b-b19f-9f66298132aa/file | | id | 3bb63ae0-3129-442b-b19f-9f66298132aa | | min_disk | 0 | | min_ram | 0 | | name | examimage | | owner | 0ab2dbde4f754b699e22461426cd0774 | | protected | False | | schema | /v2/schemas/image | | size | 283181056 | | status | active | | tags | lastone | | updated_at | 2018-01-18T01:15:18Z | | virtual_size | None | | visibility | private | +------------------+------------------------------------------------------+
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8.nova管理（2分）
使用脚本安装nova服务，通过nova的相关命令创建名为exam，ID为1234，内存为1024M，硬盘为20G，虚拟内核数量为2的云主机类型，查看exam的详细信息。依次将操作命令及返回结果以文本形式提交到答题框。
[root@controller ~]# iaas-install-nova-controller.sh /iaas-install-nova-compute.sh nova服务是两个节点都要安装 [root@xiandian ~]# nova flavor-create exam 1234 1024 20 2 +------+------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+ | ID | Name | Memory_MB | Disk | Ephemeral | Swap | VCPUs | RXTX_Factor | Is_Public | +------+------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+ | 1234 | exam | 1024 | 20 | 0 | | 2 | 1.0 | True | +------+------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+ [root@xiandian ~]# nova flavor-show 1234 +----------------------------+-------+ | Property | Value | +----------------------------+-------+ | OS-FLV-DISABLED:disabled | False | | OS-FLV-EXT-DATA:ephemeral | 0 | | disk | 20 | | extra_specs | {} | | id | 1234 | | name | exam | | os-flavor-access:is_public | True | | ram | 1024 | | rxtx_factor | 1.0 | | swap | | | vcpus | 2 | +----------------------------+-------+
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9.网络创建（2分）
使用脚本安装neutron服务，并配置为GRE网络：
（1）创建云主机外部网络为ext-net，子网为ext-subnet，虚拟机浮动IP网段为192.168.200.0/24，网关为192.168.200.1;
（2）创建云主机隧道网络int-net1，子网为int-subnet1，虚拟机子网IP网段为10.0.0.0/24，网关为10.0.0.1；
（3）创建云主机隧道网络int-net2，子网为int-subnet2，虚拟机子网IP网段为10.0.1.0/24，网关为10.0.1.1;
（4）添加名为ext-router的路由器，配置路由接口地址，完成隧道网络int-net1和外部网络ext-net的连通。
使用neutron相关命令查询子网的列表信息，并查看int-subnet1的详细信息。依次将操作命令和查询结果以文本形式提交到答题框。
[root@controller ~]# iaas-install-neutron-controller.sh/iaas-install-neutron-compute.sh neutron服务也是双节点 [root@controller ~]# openstack network create --share --external \ --provider-physical-network provider \ --provider-network-type vlan \ --provider-segment 1120 extnet //vlanid 根据自己的情况来设置 [root@controller ~]# openstack subnet create --network extnet \ --allocation-pool start=192.168.200.2,end=192.168.200.254 \ --dns-nameserver 1.2.4.8 --gateway 192.168.200.1 \ --subnet-range 192.168.200.0/24 extsubnet ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [root@controller ~]# openstack network create --share \ intnet1 [root@controller ~]# openstack subnet create --network intnet1 \ --allocation-pool start=10.10.0.2,end=10.10.0.254 \ --dns-nameserver 1.2.4.8 --gateway 10.10.1.1 \ --subnet-range 10.10.0.0/24 intsubnet1 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [root@controller ~]# openstack network create --share \ intnet2 [root@controller ~]# openstack subnet create --network intnet2 \ --allocation-pool start=10.10.1.2,end=10.10.1.254 \ --dns-nameserver 1.2.4.8 --gateway 10.10.1.1 \ --subnet-range 10.10.1.0/24 intsubnet2 路由配置----------------------------------------------------------------- [root@controller ~]# openstack router create ext-router [root@controller ~]# openstack router set \ --enable-snat --external-gateway extnet \ --fixed-ip subnet=extsubnet ext-router [root@controller ~]# openstack router add subnet ext-router intsubnet1 查看------------------------------------------------------------------------------ [root@controller ~]# neutron subnet-list [root@controller ~]# neutron subnet-show 6386b9ad-c446-45ae-a947-8a44b580feaf
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10.dashboard配置（1分）
使用脚本安装dashboard服务，使用curl命令查询http://192.168.100.10/dashboard。依次将操作命令和查询结果以文本形式提交到答题框。
[root@controller ~]# curl http://192.168.100.10/dashboard/auth/login/
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