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前几天看了一下eCos的启动代码部分,做了一些笔记,发布在这里,给space增加点人气
由于我用的目标板是MIPS的,所以只分析了For MIPS的启动代码。 启动代码分析(for MIPS): packages/hal/mips/arch/v2_0/src/vector.S FUNC_START(reset_vector) //reset向量,地址为0xbfc00000,内核由此地址启动 #ifndef CYG_HAL_STARTUP_RAM # if defined(CYGPKG_HAL_RESET_VECTOR_FIRST_CODE) hal_reset_vector_first_code # endif # if defined(CYGPKG_HAL_EARLY_INIT) hal_early_init # endif # Decide whether this is an NMI, cold or warm boot. mfc0 k0,status # get status reg //处理NMI位,MIPS R3000中不涉及NMI操作 lui k1,0x0008 # isolate NMI bit and k1,k1,k0 beqz k1,1f # skip if zero nop lar k1,__nmi_entry # jump to ROM nmi code jalr k1 nop 1: lui k1,0x0010 # isolate soft reset bit and k1,k1,k0 beqz k1,2f # skip if zero nop lar k1,__warm_start # jump to ROM warm_start code //__warm_start代码用于调试,可选 jr k1 nop 2: la k0,INITIAL_CONFIG0 # Set up config0 register //初始化config0寄存器,MIPS R3000没有这个寄存器 mtc0 k0,config0 # to disable cache //禁用cache #endif lar v0,_start # jump to start //加载_start标号地址(此处的lar指令MIPS R3000不支持) #ifdef CYGARC_START_FUNC_UNCACHED CYGARC_ADDRESS_REG_UNCACHED(v0) #endif jr v0 //跳转到_start处 nop # (delay slot) FUNC_END(reset_vector) FUNC_START(_start) //_start函数,做大部分初始化工作,具体代码在_start之后分析 # Initialize hardware hal_cpu_init //packages/hal/mips/arch/v2_0/include/arch.inc 初始化watchdog寄存器,cause寄存器清零初始化status寄存器初始化config0寄存器(MIPS R3000没有config0寄存器) hal_diag_init //诊断支持初始化,如果未定义CYGPKG_HAL_MIPS_DIAG_DEFINED,则在packages/hal/mips/arch/v2_0/include/arch.inc中定义一个空宏,如果定义了则实现依赖于特定平台,如packages/hal/mips/tx39/v2_0/src/hal_duag.c hal_mmu_init //初始化mmu,如果未定义CYGPKG_HAL_MIPS_MMU_DEFINED,则表示该variant不支持mmu,则在packages/hal/mips/arch/v2_0/include/arch.inc中定义一个空宏,如果定义了则实现依赖于特定平台,如packages/hal/mips/vrc437x/v2_0/include/platform.inc hal_fpu_init //packages/hal/mips/arch/v2_0/include/arch.inc,初始化fpu hal_memc_init //初始化memory控制器,如果未定义CYGPKG_HAL_MIPS_MEMC_DEFINED,则表示该platform没有memory控制器,则在packages/hal/mips/arch/v2_0/include/arch.inc中定义一个空宏,如果定义了则实现依赖于特定平台,如packages/hal/mips/tx39/v2_0/include/variant.inc,该宏也可能在platform.inc中实现 hal_intc_init //初始化中断控制器,如果未定义CYGPKG_HAL_MIPS_INTC_INIT_DEFINED,则表示该platform没有中断控制器,则在packages/hal/mips/arch/v2_0/include/arch.inc中定义该宏,在status寄存器中禁用所有中断,如果定义了则实现依赖于特定平台,如packages/hal/mips/tx39/v2_0/include/variant.inc,该宏也可能在platform.inc中实现 hal_cache_init //初始化cache,如果未定义CYGPKG_HAL_MIPS_CACHE_DEFINED,则表示该variant的cache是标准cache,则在packages/hal/mips/arch/v2_0/include/arch.inc中定义该宏,使用config寄存器初始化cache,如果定义了则实现依赖于特定variant,如packages/hal/mips/tx49/v2_0/include/variant.inc hal_timer_init //初始化timer,如果未定义CYGPKG_HAL_MIPS_TIMER_DEFINED,则表示该platform没有timer,则在packages/hal/mips/arch/v2_0/include/arch.inc中定义一个空宏,如果定义了则实现依赖于特定platform #ifdef CYGARC_START_FUNC_UNCACHED # switch to cached execution address if necessary # assumption is that hal_cache_init makes this safe lar v0,1f jr v0 nop 1: #endif # Load Global Pointer register. la gp,_gp //加载gp寄存器 # load initial stack pointer //设置stack指针,给c代码使用,通常interrupt stack用于此目的 la a0,__interrupt_stack //定义于vector.S,定义如下: .balign 16 .global cyg_interrupt_stack cyg_interrupt_stack: __interrupt_stack: .long 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 move sp,a0 //加载stack指针 hal_mon_init //初始化monitor,用于安装中断向量,如果未定义CYGPKG_HAL_MIPS_MON_DEFINED,则表示该platform未实现monitor,则在packages/hal/mips/arch/v2_0/include/arch.inc中定义一个空宏,如果定义了则实现依赖于特定platform,如packages/hal/mips/rm7000/v2_0/include/platform.inc,一般会调用hal_vectors_init() #ifdef CYG_HAL_STARTUP_ROM //如果eCos从ROM启动,则拷贝data段到RAM中 # Copy data from ROM to RAM .extern hal_copy_data jal hal_copy_data //packages/hal/mips/arch/v2_0/src/hal_misc.c nop #endif # Zero BSS //bss段清零 .extern hal_zero_bss jal hal_zero_bss //packages/hal/mips/arch/v2_0/src/vectors.S nop # Call variant and platform HAL # initialization routines. .extern hal_variant_init jal hal_variant_init //variant初始化,packages/hal/mips/tx39/v2_0/src/var_misc.c,大部分为空函数,也可在此处进一步初始化中断控制器,PCI桥,IO设备,启用cache等 nop .extern hal_platform_init jal hal_platform_init //platform初始化,packages/hal/mips/vrc437x/v2_0/src/plf_misc.c,可以不实现,也可在此处进一步初始化中断控制器,PCI桥,IO设备,启用cache等 nop # Call constructors .extern cyg_hal_invoke_constructors jal cyg_hal_invoke_constructors //建立构造函数表,运行静态构造函数(packages/hal/mips/arch/v2_0/src/hal_misc.c) nop #if defined(CYGDBG_HAL_DEBUG_GDB_INCLUDE_STUBS) //如果实现了GDB stub,则初始化 .extern initialize_stub jal initialize_stub //初始化GDB stub,packages/hal/common/v2_0/src/generic-stub.c nop #endif #if defined(CYGDBG_HAL_MIPS_DEBUG_GDB_CTRLC_SUPPORT) //如果GDB需要ctrl-c支持,则初始化 .extern hal_ctrlc_isr_init jal hal_ctrlc_isr_init //初始化GDB ctrl-c支持,实现依赖于platform,如packages/hal/mips/vrc437x/v2_0/src/plf_misc.c nop #endif # Call cyg_start .extern cyg_start j cyg_start //调用cyg_start()进入主循环,kernel开始运行,永不返回,cyg_start()由应用程序自己实现,可在此处调用_bsp_init()初始化设备驱动,一般实现如下: void cyg_start(void) { cyg_thread_create(10, // Priority - just a number (cyg_thread_entry_t*)console_test, // entry 0, // "console_thread", // Name &stack[0], // Stack STACK_SIZE, // Size &thread_handle, // Handle &thread_data // Thread data structure ); cyg_thread_resume(thread_handle); cyg_scheduler_start(); } lui ra,0 FUNC_END(_start ) |
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