Docker学习(04)——容器命令_docker启动tomcat容器失败:exited (1) 2 minutes ago

1. 下载镜像

docker pull centos

2. 新建容器并启动

docker run [可选参数] image

参数说明：

--name="Name"   # 容器名
 
-d              # 后台方式运行
 
-it             # 使用交互方式运行 查看容器内容
 
-p              # 指定容器端口
 
-P              # 随机指定端口

例如，启动并进入容器：

[root@192 ~]# docker run -it centos /bin/bash
[root@081da4d71b9f /]# ls
bin  dev  etc  home  lib  lib64  lost+found  media  mnt  opt  proc  root  run  sbin  srv  sys  tmp  usr  var
[root@081da4d71b9f /]# 

3. 退出容器

exit

例如：

[root@192 ~]# docker run -it centos /bin/bash
[root@000361735e96 /]# ls
bin  dev  etc  home  lib  lib64  lost+found  media  mnt  opt  proc  root  run  sbin  srv  sys  tmp  usr  var
[root@000361735e96 /]# exit
exit
[root@192 ~]# 

4. 列出所有运行的容器

docker ps [参数选项]

参数选项：

-a              # 列出历史运行的容器
 
-n=             # 显示最近创建的容器
 
-q              # 显示容器编号

例如：

[root@192 ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE          COMMAND                  CREATED              STATUS                          PORTS     NAMES
000361735e96   centos         "/bin/bash"              About a minute ago   Exited (0) About a minute ago             determined_swartz
e6c3827354c7   mysql          "docker-entrypoint.s…"   2 minutes ago        Exited (1) 2 minutes ago                  confident_cerf
081da4d71b9f   centos         "/bin/bash"              3 minutes ago        Exited (0) 2 minutes ago                  recursing_williams
4faad9eeee5d   centos         "/bin/bash"              25 hours ago         Exited (0) 23 hours ago                   epic_mclaren
b6cd9f523eff   centos         "/bin/bash"              25 hours ago         Exited (0) 25 hours ago                   blissful_lalande
129ae722b6a4   centos         "/bin/bash"              25 hours ago         Exited (0) 23 hours ago                   great_bhabha
046741dd1f06   centos         "/bin/bash"              25 hours ago         Exited (0) 25 hours ago                   inspiring_burnell
36334e32c2b6   centos         "/bin/bash"              25 hours ago         Exited (0) 25 hours ago                   adoring_moore
540acab799ad   d1165f221234   "/hello"                 9 days ago           Exited (0) 9 days ago                     eager_noether
072d7504621d   d1165f221234   "/hello"                 9 days ago           Exited (0) 9 days ago                     intelligent_antonelli
[root@192 ~]# 

5. 容器退出时不停止

按键操作命令：

Ctrl + P + Q

例如：

[root@192 ~]# docker run -it centos
[root@e1a1ad252475 /]# [root@192 ~]# 
[root@192 ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND       CREATED          STATUS          PORTS     NAMES
e1a1ad252475   centos    "/bin/bash"   15 seconds ago   Up 14 seconds             practical_lamport
[root@192 ~]# 

6. 删除容器

docker rm 容器id                 # 删除指定容器
 
docker rm -f $(docker ps -aq)    # 删除所有容器
 
docker ps -aq | xargs docker rm  # 删除所有容器

例如：

[root@192 ~]# docker rm -f $(docker ps -aq)
e1a1ad252475
000361735e96
e6c3827354c7
081da4d71b9f
4faad9eeee5d
b6cd9f523eff
129ae722b6a4
046741dd1f06
36334e32c2b6
540acab799ad
072d7504621d
[root@192 ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED   STATUS    PORTS     NAMES
[root@192 ~]# 

注意：不能直接删除运行中的容器

[root@192 ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND       CREATED          STATUS          PORTS     NAMES
e1a1ad252475   centos    "/bin/bash"   15 seconds ago   Up 14 seconds             practical_lamport
[root@192 ~]# 
[root@192 ~]# 
[root@192 ~]# 
[root@192 ~]# 
[root@192 ~]# docker rm e1a1ad252475
Error response from daemon: You cannot remove a running container e1a1ad252475df7b76ca74135c2b9a1efc4859b0b253350feba825d767e015e0. Stop the container before attempting removal or force remove
[root@192 ~]# 

7. 容器启动和停止

容器启动

docker start 容器id     # 容器启动
 
docker restart 容器id   # 容器重启
 
docker stop 容器id      # 容器停止
 
docker kill 容器id      # 杀掉容器

例如：

[root@192 ~]# docker ps    -----------------查看容器
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND       CREATED          STATUS          PORTS     NAMES
3fadac1354b0   centos    "/bin/bash"   25 seconds ago   Up 24 seconds             eloquent_tharp
[root@192 ~]# docker stop 3fadac1354b0      -----------容器停止
3fadac1354b0
[root@192 ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED   STATUS    PORTS     NAMES
[root@192 ~]# docker ps -aq
3fadac1354b0
[root@192 ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND       CREATED          STATUS                      PORTS     NAMES
3fadac1354b0   centos    "/bin/bash"   52 seconds ago   Exited (0) 14 seconds ago             eloquent_tharp
[root@192 ~]# docker restart 3fadac1354b0        -------------容器重启
3fadac1354b0
[root@192 ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND       CREATED              STATUS         PORTS     NAMES
3fadac1354b0   centos    "/bin/bash"   About a minute ago   Up 2 seconds             eloquent_tharp
[root@192 ~]# docker kill 3fadac1354b0   ----------------杀掉容器
3fadac1354b0
[root@192 ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND       CREATED              STATUS                       PORTS     NAMES
3fadac1354b0   centos    "/bin/bash"   About a minute ago   Exited (137) 2 seconds ago             eloquent_tharp
[root@192 ~]#