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CSS能够生成各种形状。正方形和矩形很容易,因为它们是 web 的自然形状。添加宽度和高度,就得到了所需的精确大小的矩形。添加边框半径,你就可以把这个形状变成圆形,足够多的边框半径,你就可以把这些矩形变成圆形和椭圆形。
我们还可以使用 CSS 伪元素中的 ::before
和 ::after
,这为我们提供了向原始元素添加另外两个形状的可能性。通过巧妙地使用定位、转换和许多其他技巧,我们可以只用一个 HTML 元素在 CSS 中创建许多形状。
虽然我们现在大都使用字体图标或者svg图片,似乎使用 CSS 来做图标意义不是很大,但怎么实现这些图标用到的一些技巧及思路是很值得我们的学习。
- #square {
- width: 100px;
- height: 100px;
- background: red;
- }
- #rectangle {
- width: 200px;
- height: 100px;
- background: red;
- }
-
-
- #circle {
- width: 100px;
- height: 100px;
- background: red;
- border-radius: 50%
- }
- #oval {
- width: 200px;
- height: 100px;
- background: red;
- border-radius: 100px / 50px;
- }
-
-
- #triangle-up {
- width: 0;
- height: 0;
- border-left: 50px solid transparent;
- border-right: 50px solid transparent;
- border-bottom: 100px solid red;
- }
- #triangle-down {
- width: 0;
- height: 0;
- border-left: 50px solid transparent;
- border-right: 50px solid transparent;
- border-top: 100px solid red;
- }
-
- #triangle-left {
- width: 0;
- height: 0;
- border-top: 50px solid transparent;
- border-right: 100px solid red;
- border-bottom: 50px solid transparent;
- }
- #triangle-right {
- width: 0;
- height: 0;
- border-top: 50px solid transparent;
- border-left: 100px solid red;
- border-bottom: 50px solid transparent;
- }
#triangle-topleft {
- width: 0;
- height: 0;
- border-top: 100px solid red;
- border-right: 100px solid transparent;
- }
- #triangle-topright {
- width: 0;
- height: 0;
- border-top: 100px solid red;
- border-left: 100px solid transparent;
- }
- #triangle-bottomleft {
- width: 0;
- height: 0;
- border-bottom: 100px solid red;
- border-right: 100px solid transparent;
- }
- #triangle-bottomright {
- width: 0;
- height: 0;
- border-bottom: 100px solid red;
- border-left: 100px solid transparent;
- }
- #curvedarrow {
- position: relative;
- width: 0;
- height: 0;
- border-top: 9px solid transparent;
- border-right: 9px solid red;
- transform: rotate(10deg);
- }
- #curvedarrow:after {
- content: "";
- position: absolute;
- border: 0 solid transparent;
- border-top: 3px solid red;
- border-radius: 20px 0 0 0;
- top: -12px;
- left: -9px;
- width: 12px;
- height: 12px;
- transform: rotate(45deg);
- }
- #trapezoid {
- border-bottom: 100px solid red;
- border-left: 25px solid transparent;
- border-right: 25px solid transparent;
- height: 0;
- width: 100px;
- }
- #parallelogram {
- width: 150px;
- height: 100px;
- transform: skew(20deg);
- background: red;
- }
- #star-six {
- width: 0;
- height: 0;
- border-left: 50px solid transparent;
- border-right: 50px solid transparent;
- border-bottom: 100px solid red;
- position: relative;
- }
- #star-six:after {
- width: 0;
- height: 0;
- border-left: 50px solid transparent;
- border-right: 50px solid transparent;
- border-top: 100px solid red;
- position: absolute;
- content: "";
- top: 30px;
- left: -50px;
- }
- #star-five {
- margin: 50px 0;
- position: relative;
- display: block;
- color: red;
- width: 0px;
- height: 0px;
- border-right: 100px solid transparent;
- border-bottom: 70px solid red;
- border-left: 100px solid transparent;
- transform: rotate(35deg);
- }
- #star-five:before {
- border-bottom: 80px solid red;
- border-left: 30px solid transparent;
- border-right: 30px solid transparent;
- position: absolute;
- height: 0;
- width: 0;
- top: -45px;
- left: -65px;
- display: block;
- content: '';
- transform: rotate(-35deg);
- }
- #star-five:after {
- position: absolute;
- display: block;
- color: red;
- top: 3px;
- left: -105px;
- width: 0px;
- height: 0px;
- border-right: 100px solid transparent;
- border-bottom: 70px solid red;
- border-left: 100px solid transparent;
- transform: rotate(-70deg);
- content: '';
- }
-
- #pentagon {
- position: relative;
- width: 54px;
- box-sizing: content-box;
- border-width: 50px 18px 0;
- border-style: solid;
- border-color: red transparent;
- }
- #pentagon:before {
- content: "";
- position: absolute;
- height: 0;
- width: 0;
- top: -85px;
- left: -18px;
- border-width: 0 45px 35px;
- border-style: solid;
- border-color: transparent transparent red;
- }
- #hexagon {
- width: 100px;
- height: 55px;
- background: red;
- position: relative;
- }
- #hexagon:before {
- content: "";
- position: absolute;
- top: -25px;
- left: 0;
- width: 0;
- height: 0;
- border-left: 50px solid transparent;
- border-right: 50px solid transparent;
- border-bottom: 25px solid red;
- }
- #hexagon:after {
- content: "";
- position: absolute;
- bottom: -25px;
- left: 0;
- width: 0;
- height: 0;
- border-left: 50px solid transparent;
- border-right: 50px solid transparent;
- border-top: 25px solid red;
- }
- #octagon {
- width: 100px;
- height: 100px;
- background: red;
- position: relative;
- }
- #octagon:before {
- content: "";
- width: 100px;
- height: 0;
- position: absolute;
- top: 0;
- left: 0;
- border-bottom: 29px solid red;
- border-left: 29px solid #eee;
- border-right: 29px solid #eee;
- }
- #octagon:after {
- content: "";
- width: 100px;
- height: 0;
- position: absolute;
- bottom: 0;
- left: 0;
- border-top: 29px solid red;
- border-left: 29px solid #eee;
- border-right: 29px solid #eee;
- }
- #heart {
- position: relative;
- width: 100px;
- height: 90px;
- }
- #heart:before,
- #heart:after {
- position: absolute;
- content: "";
- left: 50px;
- top: 0;
- width: 50px;
- height: 80px;
- background: red;
- border-radius: 50px 50px 0 0;
- transform: rotate(-45deg);
- transform-origin: 0 100%;
- }
- #heart:after {
- left: 0;
- transform: rotate(45deg);
- transform-origin: 100% 100%;
- }
-
- #infinity {
- position: relative;
- width: 212px;
- height: 100px;
- box-sizing: content-box;
- }
- #infinity:before,
- #infinity:after {
- content: "";
- box-sizing: content-box;
- position: absolute;
- top: 0;
- left: 0;
- width: 60px;
- height: 60px;
- border: 20px solid red;
- border-radius: 50px 50px 0 50px;
- transform: rotate(-45deg);
- }
- #infinity:after {
- left: auto;
- right: 0;
- border-radius: 50px 50px 50px 0;
- transform: rotate(45deg);
- }
- #diamond {
- width: 0;
- height: 0;
- border: 50px solid transparent;
- border-bottom-color: red;
- position: relative;
- top: -50px;
- }
- #diamond:after {
- content: '';
- position: absolute;
- left: -50px;
- top: 50px;
- width: 0;
- height: 0;
- border: 50px solid transparent;
- border-top-color: red;
- }
- #diamond-shield {
- width: 0;
- height: 0;
- border: 50px solid transparent;
- border-bottom: 20px solid red;
- position: relative;
- top: -50px;
- }
- #diamond-shield:after {
- content: '';
- position: absolute;
- left: -50px;
- top: 20px;
- width: 0;
- height: 0;
- border: 50px solid transparent;
- border-top: 70px solid red;
- }
- #diamond-narrow {
- width: 0;
- height: 0;
- border: 50px solid transparent;
- border-bottom: 70px solid red;
- position: relative;
- top: -50px;
- }
- #diamond-narrow:after {
- content: '';
- position: absolute;
- left: -50px;
- top: 70px;
- width: 0;
- height: 0;
- border: 50px solid transparent;
- border-top: 70px solid red;
- }
- #cut-diamond {
- border-style: solid;
- border-color: transparent transparent red transparent;
- border-width: 0 25px 25px 25px;
- height: 0;
- width: 50px;
- box-sizing: content-box;
- position: relative;
- margin: 20px 0 50px 0;
- }
- #cut-diamond:after {
- content: "";
- position: absolute;
- top: 25px;
- left: -25px;
- width: 0;
- height: 0;
- border-style: solid;
- border-color: red transparent transparent transparent;
- border-width: 70px 50px 0 50px;
- }
- #egg {
- display: block;
- width: 126px;
- height: 180px;
- background-color: red;
- border-radius: 50% 50% 50% 50% / 60% 60% 40% 40%;
- }
- #pacman {
- width: 0px;
- height: 0px;
- border-right: 60px solid transparent;
- border-top: 60px solid red;
- border-left: 60px solid red;
- border-bottom: 60px solid red;
- border-top-left-radius: 60px;
- border-top-right-radius: 60px;
- border-bottom-left-radius: 60px;
- border-bottom-right-radius: 60px;
- }
- #talkbubble {
- width: 120px;
- height: 80px;
- background: red;
- position: relative;
- -moz-border-radius: 10px;
- -webkit-border-radius: 10px;
- border-radius: 10px;
- }
- #talkbubble:before {
- content: "";
- position: absolute;
- right: 100%;
- top: 26px;
- width: 0;
- height: 0;
- border-top: 13px solid transparent;
- border-right: 26px solid red;
- border-bottom: 13px solid transparent;
- }
- #burst-12 {
- background: red;
- width: 80px;
- height: 80px;
- position: relative;
- text-align: center;
- }
- #burst-12:before,
- #burst-12:after {
- content: "";
- position: absolute;
- top: 0;
- left: 0;
- height: 80px;
- width: 80px;
- background: red;
- }
- #burst-12:before {
- transform: rotate(30deg);
- }
- #burst-12:after {
- transform: rotate(60deg);
- }
- #burst-8 {
- background: red;
- width: 80px;
- height: 80px;
- position: relative;
- text-align: center;
- transform: rotate(20deg);
- }
- #burst-8:before {
- content: "";
- position: absolute;
- top: 0;
- left: 0;
- height: 80px;
- width: 80px;
- background: red;
- transform: rotate(135deg);
- }
- #yin-yang {
- width: 96px;
- box-sizing: content-box;
- height: 48px;
- background: #eee;
- border-color: red;
- border-style: solid;
- border-width: 2px 2px 50px 2px;
- border-radius: 100%;
- position: relative;
- }
- #yin-yang:before {
- content: "";
- position: absolute;
- top: 50%;
- left: 0;
- background: #eee;
- border: 18px solid red;
- border-radius: 100%;
- width: 12px;
- height: 12px;
- box-sizing: content-box;
- }
- #yin-yang:after {
- content: "";
- position: absolute;
- top: 50%;
- left: 50%;
- background: red;
- border: 18px solid #eee;
- border-radius: 100%;
- width: 12px;
- height: 12px;
- box-sizing: content-box;
- }
- #badge-ribbon {
- position: relative;
- background: red;
- height: 100px;
- width: 100px;
- border-radius: 50px;
- }
- #badge-ribbon:before,
- #badge-ribbon:after {
- content: '';
- position: absolute;
- border-bottom: 70px solid red;
- border-left: 40px solid transparent;
- border-right: 40px solid transparent;
- top: 70px;
- left: -10px;
- transform: rotate(-140deg);
- }
- #badge-ribbon:after {
- left: auto;
- right: -10px;
- transform: rotate(140deg);
- }
-
- #space-invader {
- box-shadow: 0 0 0 1em red,
- 0 1em 0 1em red,
- -2.5em 1.5em 0 .5em red,
- 2.5em 1.5em 0 .5em red,
- -3em -3em 0 0 red,
- 3em -3em 0 0 red,
- -2em -2em 0 0 red,
- 2em -2em 0 0 red,
- -3em -1em 0 0 red,
- -2em -1em 0 0 red,
- 2em -1em 0 0 red,
- 3em -1em 0 0 red,
- -4em 0 0 0 red,
- -3em 0 0 0 red,
- 3em 0 0 0 red,
- 4em 0 0 0 red,
- -5em 1em 0 0 red,
- -4em 1em 0 0 red,
- 4em 1em 0 0 red,
- 5em 1em 0 0 red,
- -5em 2em 0 0 red,
- 5em 2em 0 0 red,
- -5em 3em 0 0 red,
- -3em 3em 0 0 red,
- 3em 3em 0 0 red,
- 5em 3em 0 0 red,
- -2em 4em 0 0 red,
- -1em 4em 0 0 red,
- 1em 4em 0 0 red,
- 2em 4em 0 0 red;
- background: red;
- width: 1em;
- height: 1em;
- overflow: hidden;
- margin: 50px 0 70px 65px;
- }
-
-
- #tv {
- position: relative;
- width: 200px;
- height: 150px;
- margin: 20px 0;
- background: red;
- border-radius: 50% / 10%;
- color: white;
- text-align: center;
- text-indent: .1em;
- }
- #tv:before {
- content: '';
- position: absolute;
- top: 10%;
- bottom: 10%;
- right: -5%;
- left: -5%;
- background: inherit;
- border-radius: 5% / 50%;
- }
- #chevron {
- position: relative;
- text-align: center;
- padding: 12px;
- margin-bottom: 6px;
- height: 60px;
- width: 200px;
- }
- #chevron:before {
- content: '';
- position: absolute;
- top: 0;
- left: 0;
- height: 100%;
- width: 51%;
- background: red;
- transform: skew(0deg, 6deg);
- }
- #chevron:after {
- content: '';
- position: absolute;
- top: 0;
- right: 0;
- height: 100%;
- width: 50%;
- background: red;
- transform: skew(0deg, -6deg);
- }
- #magnifying-glass {
- font-size: 10em;
- display: inline-block;
- width: 0.4em;
- box-sizing: content-box;
- height: 0.4em;
- border: 0.1em solid red;
- position: relative;
- border-radius: 0.35em;
- }
- #magnifying-glass:before {
- content: "";
- display: inline-block;
- position: absolute;
- right: -0.25em;
- bottom: -0.1em;
- border-width: 0;
- background: red;
- width: 0.35em;
- height: 0.08em;
- transform: rotate(45deg);
- }
-
- #facebook-icon {
- background: red;
- text-indent: -999em;
- width: 100px;
- height: 110px;
- box-sizing: content-box;
- border-radius: 5px;
- position: relative;
- overflow: hidden;
- border: 15px solid red;
- border-bottom: 0;
- }
- #facebook-icon:before {
- content: "/20";
- position: absolute;
- background: red;
- width: 40px;
- height: 90px;
- bottom: -30px;
- right: -37px;
- border: 20px solid #eee;
- border-radius: 25px;
- box-sizing: content-box;
- }
- #facebook-icon:after {
- content: "/20";
- position: absolute;
- width: 55px;
- top: 50px;
- height: 20px;
- background: #eee;
- right: 5px;
- box-sizing: content-box;
- }
-
- #moon {
- width: 80px;
- height: 80px;
- border-radius: 50%;
- box-shadow: 15px 15px 0 0 red;
- }
- #flag {
- width: 110px;
- height: 56px;
- box-sizing: content-box;
- padding-top: 15px;
- position: relative;
- background: red;
- color: white;
- font-size: 11px;
- letter-spacing: 0.2em;
- text-align: center;
- text-transform: uppercase;
- }
- #flag:after {
- content: "";
- position: absolute;
- left: 0;
- bottom: 0;
- width: 0;
- height: 0;
- border-bottom: 13px solid #eee;
- border-left: 55px solid transparent;
- border-right: 55px solid transparent;
- }
- #cone {
- width: 0;
- height: 0;
- border-left: 70px solid transparent;
- border-right: 70px solid transparent;
- border-top: 100px solid red;
- border-radius: 50%;
- }
- #cross {
- background: red;
- height: 100px;
- position: relative;
- width: 20px;
- }
- #cross:after {
- background: red;
- content: "";
- height: 20px;
- left: -40px;
- position: absolute;
- top: 40px;
- width: 100px;
- }
- #base {
- background: red;
- display: inline-block;
- height: 55px;
- margin-left: 20px;
- margin-top: 55px;
- position: relative;
- width: 100px;
- }
- #base:before {
- border-bottom: 35px solid red;
- border-left: 50px solid transparent;
- border-right: 50px solid transparent;
- content: "";
- height: 0;
- left: 0;
- position: absolute;
- top: -35px;
- width: 0;
- }
- #pointer {
- width: 200px;
- height: 40px;
- position: relative;
- background: red;
- }
- #pointer:after {
- content: "";
- position: absolute;
- left: 0;
- bottom: 0;
- width: 0;
- height: 0;
- border-left: 20px solid white;
- border-top: 20px solid transparent;
- border-bottom: 20px solid transparent;
- }
- #pointer:before {
- content: "";
- position: absolute;
- right: -20px;
- bottom: 0;
- width: 0;
- height: 0;
- border-left: 20px solid red;
- border-top: 20px solid transparent;
- border-bottom: 20px solid transparent;
- }
- #lock {
- font-size: 8px;
- position: relative;
- width: 18em;
- height: 13em;
- border-radius: 2em;
- top: 10em;
- box-sizing: border-box;
- border: 3.5em solid red;
- border-right-width: 7.5em;
- border-left-width: 7.5em;
- margin: 0 0 6rem 0;
- }
- #lock:before {
- content: "";
- box-sizing: border-box;
- position: absolute;
- border: 2.5em solid red;
- width: 14em;
- height: 12em;
- left: 50%;
- margin-left: -7em;
- top: -12em;
- border-top-left-radius: 7em;
- border-top-right-radius: 7em;
- }
- #lock:after {
- content: "";
- box-sizing: border-box;
- position: absolute;
- border: 1em solid red;
- width: 5em;
- height: 8em;
- border-radius: 2.5em;
- left: 50%;
- top: -1em;
- margin-left: -2.5em;
- }
-
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