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利用单链表数据结构实现一组数据的存储,通过简单的交互实现单链表的增删改查。
//ADT 线性表(List) 链式存储结构 LinkList #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #define OK 1 #define ERROR 0 #define TRUE 1 #define FALSE 0 typedef int ElemType; typedef int Status; //定义单链表 typedef struct Node { ElemType data; struct Node *next; } Node; typedef struct Node *LinkList; //定义结点结构体指针 //初始化单链表 Status InitList(LinkList *L, int *Length) { *L = (LinkList)malloc(sizeof(Node)); //创建头结点,用头指针L指向 *Length = 0; //初始化单链表长度为0 if (*L == 0) //创建头结点失败返回EEOR return ERROR; else return OK; } //判断单链表是否初始化成功 Status ListEmpty(LinkList L) { if (L->next == 0) return FALSE; else return TRUE; } //清空单链表 Status ClearList(LinkList *L, int *Length) { LinkList p = NULL; LinkList q = NULL; p = (*L)->next; //指向第一个结点 if (p == 0) return ERROR; else while (p) { q = p->next; free(p); //释放结点申请的动态内存空间 p = q; } (*L)->next = NULL; //将头结点指针域清空 free(*L); //释放头结点 *Length = 0; return OK; } //查询数据元素的个数 Status ListLength(int Length) { return Length; } //单链表数据元素的输入 Status CreateList(LinkList *L, int *Length) { LinkList s = (*L); printf("请输入一组整型数据:"); while (TRUE) { int a = 0; LinkList p = NULL; scanf("%d", &a); char c = getchar(); p = (LinkList)malloc(sizeof(Node)); p->data = a; s->next = p; s = p; p->next = NULL; *Length = *Length + 1; if (c == '\n') break; } return OK; } //关于单链表的增删改查操作 //单链表的取值,用e将单链表中第i个数据元素的值取出 Status GetElem(LinkList L, int i, ElemType *e, int Length) { int j; LinkList p = L->next; if (i > Length || p == 0) return ERROR; for (j = 1; j < i; j++) { p = p->next; if (p == 0) return ERROR; } *e = p->data; return OK; } //单链表的查询,查询单链表中数据元素的值为e的位序i Status LocateElem(LinkList L, ElemType e) { int i = 0; LinkList p = L->next; while (p) { i++; if (p->data == e) return i; p = p->next; } return ERROR; } //单链表的插入,将值为e的数据元素插入到单链表的第i个位置 Status ListInsert(LinkList *L, int i, ElemType e, int *Length) { int j; LinkList p = (*L)->next; LinkList s = NULL; if (i > *Length) return ERROR; for (j = 1; j < i - 1; j++) { p = p->next; if (p == 0) return ERROR; } s = (LinkList)malloc(sizeof(Node)); s->data = e; s->next = p->next; p->next = s; *Length = *Length + 1; return OK; } //单链表的删除,将单链表第i个数据元素删除,用e返回其值。 Status ListDelete(LinkList *L, int i, ElemType *e, int *Length) { int j; LinkList p = (*L)->next; LinkList q = NULL; if (i > *Length) return ERROR; for (j = 1; j < i - 1; j++) { p = p->next; if (p == 0) return ERROR; } q = p->next; p->next = q->next; *e = q->data; free(q); *Length = *Length - 1; return OK; } //单链表主函数 int main() { LinkList L = NULL; ElemType e = 0; Status i = 0; int Length = 0; printf("单链表自动初始化中......\n"); i = InitList(&L, &Length); //初始化单链表 i = ListEmpty(L); //判断单链表是否初始化成功 if (i == 1) printf("单链表初始化成功,单链表长度为%d\n", Length); //输出初始化结果 else printf("单链表初始化失败\n"); i = CreateList(&L, &Length); if (i == 1) printf("数据元素存储完毕,数据元素个数为%d\n", Length); while (TRUE) //该循环意在实现交互性。 { int a; printf("请选择要进行的操作:\n1:查询单链表数据元素个数\n2:取出相应位序数据元素的值\n3:查询数据元素的值的相应位置\n4:数据元素的插入\n5:数据元素的删除\n6:清空单链表并结束程序\n"); scanf("%d", &a); switch (a) { case 1: { int b; b = ListLength(Length); printf("单链表数据元素个数为%d\n", b); break; } case 2: { int b; printf("请输入将要取值的位序:"); scanf("%d", &i); b = GetElem(L, i, &e, Length); if (b == 0) printf("将要取值的位序不正确\n"); else printf("取值成功,值为%d\n", e); break; } case 3: { int b; printf("请输入将要查询的值:"); scanf("%d", &e); b = LocateElem(L, e); if (b == 0) printf("将要查询的值不在顺序表中\n"); else printf("查询成功,位序为:%d\n", b); break; } case 4: { int b; printf("请输入将要插入的值:"); scanf("%d", &e); printf("请输入将要插入的位序:"); scanf("%d", &i); b = ListInsert(&L, i, e, &Length); if (b == 0) printf("插入失败\n"); else printf("插入成功\n"); break; } case 5: { int b; printf("请输入将要删除的位序:\n"); scanf("%d", &i); b = ListDelete(&L, i, &e, &Length); if (b == 0) printf("删除失败\n"); else printf("删除成功,删除的值为%d\n", e); break; } case 6: { int b; b = ClearList(&L, &Length); if (b == 0) printf("单链表清空失败\n"); else printf("单链表清空成功\n"); exit(0); } default: break; } } return 0; }
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