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一个月考取RHCE【第十天】_/dev/sr0 6.7g 6.7g 0 100% /run/media/admin/centos-

作者：菜鸟追梦旅行 | 2024-02-22 16:33:13

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/dev/sr0 6.7g 6.7g 0 100% /run/media/admin/centos-8-baseos-x86_64

一、RAID

1、简介

Redundant Array of Independent Disks，独立冗余磁盘阵列

2、部署磁盘阵列

虚拟机配置（添加4块磁盘）

第7章使用RAID与LVM磁盘阵列技术第7章使用RAID与LVM磁盘阵列技术

madam命令参数

[root@linuxprobe ~]# ll /dev/sd*【查看系统中磁盘信息】
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 0 Nov 1 15:29 /dev/sda
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 1 Nov 1 15:29 /dev/sda1
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 2 Nov 1 15:29 /dev/sda2
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 16 Nov 1 15:29 /dev/sdb
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 32 Nov 1 15:29 /dev/sdc
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 48 Nov 1 15:29 /dev/sdd
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 64 Nov 1 15:29 /dev/sde
[root@linuxprobe ~]# mdadm -Cv /dev/md0 -n 4 -l 10 /dev/sd[b-e](-C创建RAID阵列卡，-v显示过程，-n是磁盘数量，-l表示等级）
mdadm: layout defaults to n2
mdadm: layout defaults to n2
mdadm: chunk size defaults to 512K
mdadm: size set to 20954112K
mdadm: Defaulting to version 1.2 metadata
mdadm: array /dev/md0 started.

[root@linuxprobe ~]# mdadm -D /dev/md0 【-D参数查看创建进度】
/dev/md0:
Version : 1.2
Creation Time : Mon Nov 1 15:44:14 2021
Raid Level : raid10
Array Size : 41908224 (39.97 GiB 42.91 GB)
Used Dev Size : 20954112 (19.98 GiB 21.46 GB)
Raid Devices : 4
Total Devices : 4
Persistence : Superblock is persistent

Update Time : Mon Nov 1 15:47:42 2021
State : clean
Active Devices : 4
Working Devices : 4
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0

Layout : near=2
Chunk Size : 512K

Consistency Policy : resync

Name : linuxprobe.com:0 (local to host linuxprobe.com)
UUID : 0bfb0568:a9ec7c68:6f5777c3:f6e29607
Events : 17

Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 8 16 0 active sync set-A /dev/sdb
1 8 32 1 active sync set-B /dev/sdc
2 8 48 2 active sync set-A /dev/sdd
3 8 64 3 active sync set-B /dev/sde

[root@linuxprobe ~]# mkdir /RAID【创建挂载目录】
[root@linuxprobe ~]# mount /dev/md0 /RAID/【挂载】
[root@linuxprobe ~]# df -h【查看挂载信息】
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs 969M 0 969M 0% /dev
tmpfs 984M 0 984M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 984M 9.6M 974M 1% /run
tmpfs 984M 0 984M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/rhel-root 17G 4.0G 14G 24% /
/dev/sda1 1014M 152M 863M 15% /boot
tmpfs 197M 16K 197M 1% /run/user/42
tmpfs 197M 2.3M 195M 2% /run/user/0
/dev/sr0 6.7G 6.7G 0 100% /run/media/root/RHEL-8-0-0-BaseOS-x86_64
/dev/md0 40G 319M 40G 1% /RAID
[root@linuxprobe ~]# vim /etc/fstab 【配置永久挂载】
[root@linuxprobe ~]# cat /etc/fstab

3、损坏磁盘阵列并修复

移除了第三块磁盘
[root@linuxprobe ~]# ll /dev/sd*
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 0 Nov 1 15:52 /dev/sda
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 1 Nov 1 15:52 /dev/sda1
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 2 Nov 1 15:52 /dev/sda2
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 16 Nov 1 15:52 /dev/sdb
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 48 Nov 1 15:52 /dev/sdd
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 64 Nov 1 15:52 /dev/sde
[root@linuxprobe ~]# mdadm -D /dev/md0
/dev/md0:
Version : 1.2
Creation Time : Mon Nov 1 15:44:14 2021
Raid Level : raid10
Array Size : 41908224 (39.97 GiB 42.91 GB)
Used Dev Size : 20954112 (19.98 GiB 21.46 GB)
Raid Devices : 4
Total Devices : 3
Persistence : Superblock is persistent

Update Time : Mon Nov 1 15:59:20 2021
State : clean, degraded
Active Devices : 3
Working Devices : 3
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0

Layout : near=2
Chunk Size : 512K

Consistency Policy : resync

Name : linuxprobe.com:0 (local to host linuxprobe.com)
UUID : 0bfb0568:a9ec7c68:6f5777c3:f6e29607
Events : 20

Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 8 16 0 active sync set-A /dev/sdb
- 0 0 1 removed
2 8 48 2 active sync set-A /dev/sdd
3 8 64 3 active sync set-B /dev/sde

重新添加并查看信息
[root@linuxprobe ~]# mdadm /dev/md0 -a /dev/sdc【重新添加磁盘并添加到raid中】
mdadm: added /dev/sdc
[root@linuxprobe ~]# mdadm -D /dev/md0
/dev/md0:
Version : 1.2
Creation Time : Mon Nov 1 16:17:18 2021
Raid Level : raid10
Array Size : 41908224 (39.97 GiB 42.91 GB)
Used Dev Size : 20954112 (19.98 GiB 21.46 GB)
Raid Devices : 4
Total Devices : 4
Persistence : Superblock is persistent

Update Time : Mon Nov 1 16:27:34 2021
State : clean, degraded, recovering
Active Devices : 3
Working Devices : 4
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 1

Layout : near=2
Chunk Size : 512K

Consistency Policy : resync

Rebuild Status : 3% complete

Name : linuxprobe.com:0 (local to host linuxprobe.com)
UUID : 34615b8b:6db6aa49:ede79808:1b7cf763
Events : 22

Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 8 16 0 active sync set-A /dev/sdb
4 8 32 1 spare rebuilding /dev/sdc
2 8 48 2 active sync set-A /dev/sdd
3 8 64 3 active sync set-B /dev/sde
[root@linuxprobe ~]# mdadm -D /dev/md0【再次查看已创建完成】
/dev/md0:
Version : 1.2
Creation Time : Mon Nov 1 16:17:18 2021
Raid Level : raid10
Array Size : 41908224 (39.97 GiB 42.91 GB)
Used Dev Size : 20954112 (19.98 GiB 21.46 GB)
Raid Devices : 4
Total Devices : 4
Persistence : Superblock is persistent

Update Time : Mon Nov 1 16:29:19 2021
State : clean
Active Devices : 4
Working Devices : 4
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0

Layout : near=2
Chunk Size : 512K

Consistency Policy : resync

Name : linuxprobe.com:0 (local to host linuxprobe.com)
UUID : 34615b8b:6db6aa49:ede79808:1b7cf763
Events : 39

Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 8 16 0 active sync set-A /dev/sdb
4 8 32 1 active sync set-B /dev/sdc
2 8 48 2 active sync set-A /dev/sdd
3 8 64 3 active sync set-B /dev/sde

4、磁盘热备

[root@linuxprobe ~]# mdadm -Cv /dev/md0 -n 3 -l 5 -x 1 /dev/sd[b-e]
mdadm: layout defaults to left-symmetric
mdadm: layout defaults to left-symmetric
mdadm: chunk size defaults to 512K
mdadm: size set to 20954112K
mdadm: Defaulting to version 1.2 metadata
mdadm: array /dev/md0 started.

[root@linuxprobe ~]# mdadm -D /dev/md0
/dev/md0:
Version : 1.2
Creation Time : Tue Nov 2 09:54:55 2021
Raid Level : raid5
Array Size : 41908224 (39.97 GiB 42.91 GB)
Used Dev Size : 20954112 (19.98 GiB 21.46 GB)
Raid Devices : 3
Total Devices : 4
Persistence : Superblock is persistent

Update Time : Tue Nov 2 09:56:41 2021
State : clean
Active Devices : 3
Working Devices : 4
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 1

Layout : left-symmetric
Chunk Size : 512K

Consistency Policy : resync

Name : linuxprobe.com:0 (local to host linuxprobe.com)
UUID : eb99aadf:627197e2:14207fa6:a19068ad
Events : 18

Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 8 16 0 active sync /dev/sdb
1 8 32 1 active sync /dev/sdc
4 8 48 2 active sync /dev/sdd

3 8 64 - spare /dev/sde

[root@linuxprobe ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/md0【初始化磁盘】
mke2fs 1.44.3 (10-July-2018)
Creating filesystem with 10477056 4k blocks and 2621440 inodes
Filesystem UUID: 5a81f149-973a-45b1-a054-356ca1c28837
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000, 7962624

Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (65536 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

[root@linuxprobe ~]# mkdir /raid
[root@linuxprobe ~]# mount /dev/md0 /raid/
[root@linuxprobe ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs 969M 0 969M 0% /dev
tmpfs 984M 0 984M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 984M 9.6M 974M 1% /run
tmpfs 984M 0 984M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/rhel-root 17G 4.0G 14G 24% /
/dev/sda1 1014M 152M 863M 15% /boot
tmpfs 197M 16K 197M 1% /run/user/42
tmpfs 197M 2.3M 195M 2% /run/user/0
/dev/sr0 6.7G 6.7G 0 100% /run/media/root/RHEL-8-0-0-BaseOS-x86_64
/dev/md0 40G 49M 38G 1% /raid
[root@linuxprobe ~]# echo "/dev/md0 /raid ext4 defaults 0 0 " >> /etc/fstab
[root@linuxprobe ~]# cat /etc/fstab

删除一块磁盘，模拟损坏
[root@linuxprobe ~]# mdadm -D /dev/md0
/dev/md0:
Version : 1.2
Creation Time : Tue Nov 2 09:54:55 2021
Raid Level : raid5
Array Size : 41908224 (39.97 GiB 42.91 GB)
Used Dev Size : 20954112 (19.98 GiB 21.46 GB)
Raid Devices : 3
Total Devices : 3
Persistence : Superblock is persistent

Update Time : Tue Nov 2 10:11:05 2021
State : clean, degraded, recovering
Active Devices : 2
Working Devices : 3
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 1

Layout : left-symmetric
Chunk Size : 512K

Consistency Policy : resync

Rebuild Status : 90% complete

Name : linuxprobe.com:0 (local to host linuxprobe.com)
UUID : eb99aadf:627197e2:14207fa6:a19068ad
Events : 36

Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 8 16 0 active sync /dev/sdb
3 8 64 1 spare rebuilding /dev/sde
4 8 48 2 active sync /dev/sdd
[root@linuxprobe ~]# mdadm -D /dev/md0
/dev/md0:
Version : 1.2
Creation Time : Tue Nov 2 09:54:55 2021
Raid Level : raid5
Array Size : 41908224 (39.97 GiB 42.91 GB)
Used Dev Size : 20954112 (19.98 GiB 21.46 GB)
Raid Devices : 3
Total Devices : 3
Persistence : Superblock is persistent

Update Time : Tue Nov 2 10:11:19 2021
State : clean
Active Devices : 3
Working Devices : 3
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0

Layout : left-symmetric
Chunk Size : 512K

Consistency Policy : resync

Name : linuxprobe.com:0 (local to host linuxprobe.com)
UUID : eb99aadf:627197e2:14207fa6:a19068ad
Events : 39

Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 8 16 0 active sync /dev/sdb
3 8 64 1 active sync /dev/sde
4 8 48 2 active sync /dev/sdd

5、删除磁盘阵列

[root@linuxprobe ~]# umount /RAID【卸载】

[root@linuxprobe ~]# mdadm /dev/md0 -f /dev/sd[b-e]（模拟损坏）
mdadm: set /dev/sdb

dev/md0
mdadm: set /dev/sdd faulty in /dev/md0
mdadm: set /dev/sde faulty in /dev/md0
[root@linuxprobe ~]# mdadm -D /dev/md0
/dev/md0:
Version : 1.2
Creation Time : Tue Nov 2 09:54:55 2021
Raid Level : raid5
Array Size : 41908224 (39.97 GiB 42.91 GB)
Used Dev Size : 20954112 (19.98 GiB 21.46 GB)
Raid Devices : 3
Total Devices : 3
Persistence : Superblock is persistent

Update Time : Tue Nov 2 10:29:51 2021
State : clean, FAILED
Active Devices : 0
Failed Devices : 3
Spare Devices : 0

Layout : left-symmetric
Chunk Size : 512K

Consistency Policy : resync

Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
- 0 0 0 removed
- 0 0 1 removed
- 0 0 2 removed

0 8 16 - faulty /dev/sdb
3 8 64 - faulty /dev/sde
4 8 48 - faulty /dev/sdd
[root@linuxprobe ~]# mdadm /dev/md0 -r /dev/sd[b-e]移除设备
mdadm: hot removed /dev/sdb from /dev/md0
mdadm: hot removed /dev/sdd from /dev/md0
mdadm: hot removed /dev/sde from /dev/md0
[root@linuxprobe ~]# mdadm -S /dev/md0 【停用设备 -S相当于--stop】
mdadm: stopped /dev/md0
[root@linuxprobe ~]# mdadm -D /dev/md0
mdadm: cannot open /dev/md0: No such file or directory

二、LVM

Logical Volume Manager，LVM逻辑卷管理器

1、常用的LVM命令

2、部署逻辑卷

[root@linuxprobe ~]# ll /dev/sd*
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 0 Nov 2 11:29 /dev/sda
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 1 Nov 2 11:29 /dev/sda1
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 2 Nov 2 11:29 /dev/sda2
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 16 Nov 2 11:29 /dev/sdb
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 32 Nov 2 11:29 /dev/sdc
[root@linuxprobe ~]# pvcreate /dev/sd[b-c]
Physical volume "/dev/sdb" successfully created.
Physical volume "/dev/sdc" successfully created.
[root@linuxprobe ~]# vgcreate storage /dev/sdb /dev/sdc
Volume group "storage" successfully created
[root@linuxprobe ~]# vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name storage
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 1
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 0
Open LV 0
Max PV 0
Cur PV 2
Act PV 2
VG Size 39.99 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 10238
Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0
Free PE / Size 10238 / 39.99 GiB
VG UUID R3LtPW-F9iZ-P5T1-ZvCh-x5pO-hV9A-euoiNN

[root@linuxprobe ~]# lvcreate -n wang -l 100 storage【-n名字，-l基本单元，一个单元大小为4M。生成一个100*4=400M的逻辑卷】
Logical volume "wang" created.
[root@linuxprobe ~]# lvdisplay
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/storage/wang
LV Name wang
VG Name storage
LV UUID oYxbKi-nrDE-44qW-mDmL-hs5G-639S-0JbF1v
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time linuxprobe.com, 2021-11-02 13:58:43 +0800
LV Status available
# open 0
LV Size 400.00 MiB
Current LE 100
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 8192
Block device 253:2

如果使用了逻辑卷管理器，则不建议用XFS文件系统，因为XFS文件系统自身就可以使用xfs_growfs命令进行磁盘扩容。这虽然不比LVM灵活，但起码也够用。在实测阶段我们发现，在有一些服务器上，XFS与LVM的兼容性并不好。

[root@linuxprobe ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/storage/wang
mke2fs 1.44.3 (10-July-2018)
Creating filesystem with 409600 1k blocks and 102400 inodes
Filesystem UUID: 8bc5e110-86ce-4312-89d1-5a0237d7ce31
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409

Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

[root@linuxprobe ~]# mkdir /wang
[root@linuxprobe ~]# mount /dev/storage/wang /wang/
[root@linuxprobe ~]# echo "/dev/storage/wang /wang ext4 defaults 0 0" >> /etc/fstab
[root@linuxprobe ~]# cat /etc/fstab

#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Sun Oct 10 14:16:07 2021
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk/'.
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info.
#
# After editing this file, run 'systemctl daemon-reload' to update systemd
# units generated from this file.
#
/dev/mapper/rhel-root / xfs defaults 0 0
UUID=510c4a0a-d775-44ad-bcab-3f4a612274d1 /boot xfs defaults 0 0
/dev/mapper/rhel-swap swap swap defaults 0 0
/dev/storage/wang /wang ext4 defaults 0 0
[root@linuxprobe ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs 969M 0 969M 0% /dev
tmpfs 984M 0 984M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 984M 9.6M 974M 1% /run
tmpfs 984M 0 984M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/rhel-root 17G 4.0G 14G 24% /
/dev/sda1 1014M 152M 863M 15% /boot
tmpfs 197M 16K 197M 1% /run/user/42
tmpfs 197M 2.3M 195M 2% /run/user/0
/dev/sr0 6.7G 6.7G 0 100% /run/media/root/RHEL-8-0-0-BaseOS-x86_64
/dev/mapper/storage-wang 380M 2.3M 354M 1% /wang
[root@linuxprobe ~]# reboot

3、扩容

[root@linuxprobe ~]# umount /wang 【扩容前先卸载】
[root@linuxprobe ~]# lvextend -L 800M /dev/storage/wang 【扩容到800M】
Size of logical volume storage/wang changed from 400.00 MiB (100 extents) to 800.00 MiB (200 extents).
Logical volume storage/wang successfully resized.
[root@linuxprobe ~]# e2fsck -f /dev/storage/wang 【检查磁盘完整性】
e2fsck 1.44.3 (10-July-2018)
Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes
Pass 2: Checking directory structure
Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity
Pass 4: Checking reference counts
Pass 5: Checking group summary information
/dev/storage/wang: 11/102400 files (0.0% non-contiguous), 23456/409600 blocks
[root@linuxprobe ~]# resize2fs /dev/storage/wang 【扩容信息同步至内核】
resize2fs 1.44.3 (10-July-2018)
Resizing the filesystem on /dev/storage/wang to 819200 (1k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/storage/wang is now 819200 (1k) blocks long.

[root@linuxprobe ~]# mount -a
[root@linuxprobe ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs 969M 0 969M 0% /dev
tmpfs 984M 0 984M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 984M 9.3M 974M 1% /run
tmpfs 984M 0 984M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/rhel-root 17G 4.0G 14G 24% /
/dev/sda1 1014M 152M 863M 15% /boot
tmpfs 197M 16K 197M 1% /run/user/42
tmpfs 197M 4.0K 197M 1% /run/user/0
/dev/mapper/storage-wang 767M 2.5M 721M 1% /wang

[root@linuxprobe ~]# umount /wang
[root@linuxprobe ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs 969M 0 969M 0% /dev
tmpfs 984M 0 984M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 984M 9.3M 974M 1% /run
tmpfs 984M 0 984M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/rhel-root 17G 4.0G 14G 24% /
/dev/sda1 1014M 152M 863M 15% /boot
tmpfs 197M 16K 197M 1% /run/user/42
tmpfs 197M 4.0K 197M 1% /run/user/0
[root@linuxprobe ~]# e2fsck -f /dev/storage/wang
e2fsck 1.44.3 (10-July-2018)
Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes
Pass 2: Checking directory structure
Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity
Pass 4: Checking reference counts
Pass 5: Checking group summary information
/dev/storage/wang: 11/204800 files (0.0% non-contiguous), 36617/819200 blocks

[root@linuxprobe ~]# resize2fs -f /dev/storage/wang 300M【通知内核将逻辑卷容量缩小至300M】
resize2fs 1.44.3 (10-July-2018)
Resizing the filesystem on /dev/storage/wang to 307200 (1k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/storage/wang is now 307200 (1k) blocks long.

[root@linuxprobe ~]# lvreduce -L 300M /dev/storage/wang 【修改逻辑卷容量至300M】
WARNING: Reducing active logical volume to 300.00 MiB.
THIS MAY DESTROY YOUR DATA (filesystem etc.)
Do you really want to reduce storage/wang? [y/n]: y
Size of logical volume storage/wang changed from 800.00 MiB (200 extents) to 300.00 MiB (75 extents).
Logical volume storage/wang successfully resized.
[root@linuxprobe ~]# mount -a
[root@linuxprobe ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs 969M 0 969M 0% /dev
tmpfs 984M 0 984M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 984M 9.3M 974M 1% /run
tmpfs 984M 0 984M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/rhel-root 17G 4.0G 14G 24% /
/dev/sda1 1014M 152M 863M 15% /boot
tmpfs 197M 16K 197M 1% /run/user/42
tmpfs 197M 4.0K 197M 1% /run/user/0
/dev/mapper/storage-wang 283M 2.1M 262M 1% /wang
[root@linuxprobe ~]#

4、缩小

[root@linuxprobe ~]# umount /wang
[root@linuxprobe ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs 969M 0 969M 0% /dev
tmpfs 984M 0 984M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 984M 9.3M 974M 1% /run
tmpfs 984M 0 984M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/rhel-root 17G 4.0G 14G 24% /
/dev/sda1 1014M 152M 863M 15% /boot
tmpfs 197M 16K 197M 1% /run/user/42
tmpfs 197M 4.0K 197M 1% /run/user/0
[root@linuxprobe ~]# e2fsck -f /dev/storage/wang
e2fsck 1.44.3 (10-July-2018)
Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes
Pass 2: Checking directory structure
Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity
Pass 4: Checking reference counts
Pass 5: Checking group summary information
/dev/storage/wang: 11/204800 files (0.0% non-contiguous), 36617/819200 blocks

[root@linuxprobe ~]# resize2fs -f /dev/storage/wang 300M【告诉内核逻辑卷缩小至300M】
resize2fs 1.44.3 (10-July-2018)
Resizing the filesystem on /dev/storage/wang to 307200 (1k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/storage/wang is now 307200 (1k) blocks long.

[root@linuxprobe ~]# lvreduce -L 300M /dev/storage/wang
WARNING: Reducing active logical volume to 300.00 MiB.
THIS MAY DESTROY YOUR DATA (filesystem etc.)
Do you really want to reduce storage/wang? [y/n]: y
Size of logical volume storage/wang changed from 800.00 MiB (200 extents) to 300.00 MiB (75 extents).
Logical volume storage/wang successfully resized.
[root@linuxprobe ~]# mount -a
[root@linuxprobe ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs 969M 0 969M 0% /dev
tmpfs 984M 0 984M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 984M 9.3M 974M 1% /run
tmpfs 984M 0 984M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/rhel-root 17G 4.0G 14G 24% /
/dev/sda1 1014M 152M 863M 15% /boot
tmpfs 197M 16K 197M 1% /run/user/42
tmpfs 197M 4.0K 197M 1% /run/user/0
/dev/mapper/storage-wang 283M 2.1M 262M 1% /wang
[root@linuxprobe ~]#

5、快照卷

[root@linuxprobe ~]# resize2fs -f /dev/storage/wang 300M
resize2fs 1.44.3 (10-July-2018)
Resizing the filesystem on /dev/storage/wang to 307200 (1k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/storage/wang is now 307200 (1k) blocks long.

[root@linuxprobe ~]# lvreduce -L 300M /dev/storage/wang
WARNING: Reducing active logical volume to 300.00 MiB.
THIS MAY DESTROY YOUR DATA (filesystem etc.)
Do you really want to reduce storage/wang? [y/n]: y
Size of logical volume storage/wang changed from 800.00 MiB (200 extents) to 300.00 MiB (75 extents).
Logical volume storage/wang successfully resized.
[root@linuxprobe ~]# mount -a
[root@linuxprobe ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs 969M 0 969M 0% /dev
tmpfs 984M 0 984M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 984M 9.3M 974M 1% /run
tmpfs 984M 0 984M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/rhel-root 17G 4.0G 14G 24% /
/dev/sda1 1014M 152M 863M 15% /boot
tmpfs 197M 16K 197M 1% /run/user/42
tmpfs 197M 4.0K 197M 1% /run/user/0
/dev/mapper/storage-wang 283M 2.1M 262M 1% /wang
[root@linuxprobe ~]# cd /wang/
[root@linuxprobe wang]# ls
adjtime mcelog
aliases microcode_ctl
alsa mime.types
alternatives mke2fs.conf
[root@linuxprobe wang]# cd ~
[root@linuxprobe ~]# lvcreate -L 300M -s -n SNAP /dev/storage/wang【创建一个快照卷叫SNAP，-L为大小】
Logical volume "SNAP" created.
[root@linuxprobe ~]# rm -rf /wang/*
[root@linuxprobe ~]# ll /wang/
total 0
[root@linuxprobe ~]# umount /wang
[root@linuxprobe ~]# lvconvert --merge /dev/storage/SNAP 【恢复快照卷】
Merging of volume storage/SNAP started.
storage/wang: Merged: 100.00%
[root@linuxprobe ~]# mount -a
[root@linuxprobe ~]# ls /wang/
adjtime mcelog
aliases microcode_ctl
alsa mime.types
alternatives mke2fs.conf

6、删除逻辑卷

[root@linuxprobe ~]# umount /wang
[root@linuxprobe ~]# vim /etc/fstab 【删除挂载信息】
[root@linuxprobe ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs 969M 0 969M 0% /dev
tmpfs 984M 0 984M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 984M 9.3M 974M 1% /run
tmpfs 984M 0 984M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/rhel-root 17G 4.0G 14G 24% /
/dev/sda1 1014M 152M 863M 15% /boot
tmpfs 197M 16K 197M 1% /run/user/42
tmpfs 197M 4.0K 197M 1% /run/user/0
[root@linuxprobe ~]# lvremove /dev/storage/wang
Do you really want to remove active logical volume storage/wang? [y/n]: y
Logical volume "wang" successfully removed
[root@linuxprobe ~]# vgremove storage
Volume group "storage" successfully removed
[root@linuxprobe ~]# pvremove /dev/sd[b-c]
Labels on physical volume "/dev/sdb" successfully wiped.
Labels on physical volume "/dev/sdc" successfully wiped.
[root@linuxprobe ~]#

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