SSM框架整合完整教程（一步一步超详细步骤）_ssm框架流程

概念

MyBatis

MyBatis是一个优秀的基于java的持久层框架,它内部封装了jdbc,使开发者只需要关注sql语句本身,而不需要花费精力去处理加载驱动、创建连接、创建statement等繁杂的过程。

Spring

Spring是一个开源的重量级的应用开发框架，其目的是用于简化企业级应用程序开发，降低开发者的开发难度

Spring提供的IOC和AOP应用，可以将组建的耦合度降到最低（即解耦），便于系统日后的维护和升级

Spring为系统提供了一个整体的解决方案，开发者可以利用它自身提供的功能外，也可以与第三方框架和技术整合应用，可以自由选择利用哪种技术进行开发

SpringMVC

SpringMVC是Spring框架的一个模块，Spring和SpringMVC无需中间层整合

SpringMVC提供了基于MVC（模型—视图—控制器）架构和用于开发灵活和松耦合的web应用程序的组件

环境搭建

创建一个基于maven的web工程

• 点击File,新建Project项目

  

• 选中Maven,勾上Creater from archetype选项，按照图中数字顺序选中后点击Next按钮即可

• 依次填写name、groupid和artifactid后点击next即可

• 选中提前配置好的maven，点击Finsh

• 这样就创建好了一个名称为SSM的maven web项目，结构如下图：

• 项目创建完成之后在main包在将没有的java，resources，test包自己创建即可

• 我们可以看到包创建好之后是灰色的，需要选中相应的文件夹右击Mark Directory as，选中相应的颜色即可

整合Spring框架

• 在pom.xml文件中导入所需要的的jar包

   <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>4.11</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
        <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        <version>1.18.8</version>
      </dependency>
      <!--Spring -->
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
        <version>5.3.24</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
        <version>5.3.24</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
        <version>5.3.24</version>
      </dependency>
     <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
        <version>5.3.24</version>
      </dependency>
  
      <!--Aop-->
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
        <version>5.3.23</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>aopalliance</groupId>
        <artifactId>aopalliance</artifactId>
        <version>1.0</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
        <artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId>
        <version>1.9.7</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
        <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
        <version>1.9.2</version>
        <scope>runtime</scope>
      </dependency>
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• 实体类(com.cn.pojo)

  @Data
  @AllArgsConstructor
  @NoArgsConstructor
  public class User {
      private int id;
      private String name;
      private String pwd;
  }
  
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• 持久层接口(com.cn.mapper)

  public interface UserMapper {
      //查询所有用户
      public List<User> findAll();
  }
  
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• 业务层接口及实现类(com.cn.service)

  public interface UserService {
      //查询所有用户
      public List<User> findAll();
  }
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  public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
      /**
       * 目前还没有整合MyBatis，先模拟代码实现
       * @return
       */
      @Override
      public List<User> findAll() {
          System.out.println("UserServiceImpl::findAll()");
          return null;
      }
  }
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• Resources包下新建 spring 配置文件(applicationContext.xml)并导入约束

  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd">
  
          <!--  配置指定包扫描  -->
          <context:component-scan base-package="com.cn"></context:component-scan>
          
  </beans>
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• 使用注解(@Service)配置业务层

  @Service("UserServiceImpl")
  public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
      /**
       * 目前还没有整合MyBatis，先模拟代码实现
       * @return
       */
      @Override
      public List<User> findAll() {
          System.out.println("UserServiceImpl::findAll()");
          return null;
      }
  }
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• Test包创建测试方法

  public class TestSpring {
      public static void main(String[] args) {
  
          ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
          UserServiceImpl userServiceImpl = (UserServiceImpl) context.getBean("UserServiceImpl");
          userServiceImpl.findAll();
      }
  }
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整合SpringMVC框架

• 在pom.xml文件中导入所需要的的jar包

  <!--  Spring MVC  --> 
  <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
        <version>5.3.23</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        <version>5.3.23</version>
  </dependency>
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• web.xml中配置SpringMVC的核心控制器（）

  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  <web-app version="3.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
           xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
    http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">
  
    <!-- 注册springmvc框架核心控制器 -->
    <servlet>
      <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
      <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
      <init-param>
        <!--配置dispatcher-servlet.xml作为mvc的配置文件-->
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:dispatcher-servlet.xml</param-value>
      </init-param>
      <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
      <async-supported>true</async-supported>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
      <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
      <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    
  
    <!-- 解决POST提交中文乱码问题 -->
    <filter>
      <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
      <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
      <init-param>
        <param-name>encoding</param-name>
        <!-- 设置编码格式 -->
        <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
      </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
      <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
      <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
  </web-app>
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• Resources包下新建SpringMVC的配置文件（dispatcher-servlet.xml）

  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
         xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd">
  
      <!--此文件负责整个mvc中的配置-->
  
      <!-- 1.配置前端控制器放行静态资源(html/css/js等，否则静态资源将无法访问) -->
      <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
  
      <!-- 2.配置注解驱动，用于识别注解（比如@Controller） -->
      <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>
  
      <!-- 3.配置需要扫描的包：spring自动去扫描 base-package 下的类，
          如果扫描到的类上有 @Controller、@Service、@Component等注解，
          将会自动将类注册为bean
       -->
      <context:component-scan base-package="com.cn"></context:component-scan>
  
      <!-- 4.配置内部资源视图解析器
          prefix:配置路径前缀
          suffix:配置文件后缀
       -->
      <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
          <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"/>
          <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
      </bean>
  </beans>
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• 编写Controller(com.cn.controller)

  @Controller
  @RequestMapping("/user")
  public class UserController {
      @RequestMapping("/findAll")
      public String findAll(){
          System.out.println("UserController::findAll()");
          return "list";
      }
  }
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• /WEB-INF/views/下新建list.jsp页面

  <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
  <html>
  <head>
      <title>测试SpringMVC</title>
  </head>
  <body>
      <h1>SpringMVC，查询所有用户列表</h1>
  </body>
  </html>
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• 部署Tomcat及相关环境

• 启动服务器，测试访问http://localhost:8080/user/findAll

Spring整合SpringMVC框架

• web.xml配置监听器启动服务创建容器

   <!--配置Spring提供的监听器，用于启动服务器时加载容器-->
    <context-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <listener>
      <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
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• 编辑UserController

  @Controller
  @RequestMapping("/user")
  public class UserController {
  
      @Autowired
      private UserServiceImpl userService;
  
      @RequestMapping("/findAll")
      public String findAll(){
          System.out.println("UserController::findAll()");
          List<User> list = userService.findAll();
          return "list";
      }
  }
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• 再次测试访问http://localhost:8080/user/findAll

  

整合MyBatis框架

• 在pom.xml文件中导入所需要的的jar包

   <!--  mysql  -->
      <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        <version>8.0.30</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
        <version>3.5.9</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
        <version>1.3.2</version>
      </dependency>
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• Resources包下新建db.properties

  db.driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
  db.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/xx_mybatis?useSSL=TRUE&userUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
  db.username=root
  db.password=111111
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• Resources包下新建MyBatis的核心信息(mybatis-config.xml)

  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
  <!DOCTYPE configuration
          PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
          "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
  <configuration>
  
      <!-- 1.加载jdbc.properties文件的位置 -->
          <properties resource="db.properties"></properties>
  
      <!-- 2.配置开发环境，标签内可以配置多个环境，比如develop，test等 -->
          <environments default="development">
              <environment id="development">
                  <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
                  <dataSource type="POOLED">
                      <property name="driver" value="${db.driver}"/>
                      <property name="url" value="${db.url}"/>
                      <property name="username" value="${db.username}"/>
                      <property name="password" value="${db.password}"/>
                  </dataSource>
              </environment>
          </environments>
  
      <!-- 3.加载Mapper配置文件,路径以斜杠间隔: xx/xx/../xx.xml -->
          <mappers>
              <mapper class="com.cn.dao.UserMapper"/>
          </mappers>
  
  </configuration>
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• 编辑userMapper,添加sql语句

  public interface UserMapper {
  
      //查询所有用户
      @Select("select * from user")
      public List<User> findAll();
  
  }
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• Test包创建测试方法

  public class TsetMyBatis {
  
      public static void main(String[] args) {
          SqlSession sqlSession = null;
  
          try {
              Reader reader = Resources.getResourceAsReader("mybatis-config.xml");
              SqlSessionFactory factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(reader);
              sqlSession = factory.openSession();
              UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
              List<User> list = mapper.findAll();
              for (User user : list) {
                  System.out.println(user);
              }
  
          } catch (IOException e) {
              e.printStackTrace();
          } finally {
              sqlSession.close();
          }
      }
  }
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Spring整合MyBatis框架

• 现在我们要做SSM框架整合，可以将MyBatis的配置交给Spring去处理，把mybatis-config.xml配置文件中的内容配置到applicationContext.xml配置文件中

  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd">
  
  <!--        &lt;!&ndash;  配置指定包扫描  &ndash;&gt;-->
  <!--        <context:component-scan base-package="com.cn"></context:component-scan>-->
  
          <!-- 1.加载jdbc.properties文件的位置 -->
          <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"></context:property-placeholder>
  
          <!--2.配置数据库连接 -->
          <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
                  <property name="driverClassName" value="${db.driver}"/>
                  <property name="url" value="${db.url}"/>
                  <property name="username" value="${db.username}"/>
                  <property name="password" value="${db.password}"/>
          </bean>
  
          <!-- 3.整合spring和mybatis框架
          将SqlSession等对象的创建交给Spring容器
          id值(sqlSessionFactory)是固定值
         -->
          <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
                  <!-- 3.2.配置连接池(数据源) ref指向连接池bean对象的id值 -->
                  <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
          </bean>
  
          <!--4.Mapper扫描，自动引入mapper类 -->
          <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
                  <!-- 扫描所有XxxMapper接口，将接口实例的创建交给spring容器 -->
                  <property name="basePackage" value="com.cn"/>
          </bean>
  
  
  </beans>
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• mybatis-config.xml配置文件就可以删除了

• 编辑UserMapper

  @Repository
  public interface UserMapper {
  
      //查询所有用户
      @Select("select * from user")
      public List<User> findAll();
  
  }
  
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• 编辑UserServiceImpl

  @Service("UserServiceImpl")
  public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
  
      @Autowired
      private UserMapper userMapper;
      /**
       * @return
       */
      @Override
      public List<User> findAll() {
          System.out.println("UserServiceImpl::findAll()");
          return userMapper.findAll();
      }
  }
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• 编辑UserController

  @Controller
  @RequestMapping("/user")
  public class UserController {
  
      @Autowired
      private UserServiceImpl userService;
  
      @RequestMapping("/findAll")
      public String findAll(){
          System.out.println("UserController::findAll()");
          List<User> list = userService.findAll();
          for (User user : list) {
              System.out.println(user);
          }
          return "list";
      }
  }
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• 重启Tomcat,测试访问

  

• 处理中文乱码，在tomcat的部署页面添加**-Dfile.encoding=UTF-8**这段代码即可