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看过很多开源代码效果,发现里面的代码很多地方都用到这函数,于是想花些时间研究下这个,我现在写博客一般不可能一下子就写完,因为我也要查资料,写代码去验证其效果,而且还要找下好的效果,看能不能用这篇博客知识能实现出来的,整理出来,切入正题!
paint的setXfermode()是图形混合模式,多叫混合模式了,肯定是二张以上的图形才可以,看下Paint类中定义这个方法:
public Xfermode setXfermode(Xfermode xfermode) { long xfermodeNative = 0; if (xfermode != null) xfermodeNative = xfermode.native_instance; native_setXfermode(mNativePaint, xfermodeNative); mXfermode = xfermode; return xfermode; }发现函数中接受Xfermode形参,点击Xfermode类看看啥东西,
public class Xfermode { protected void finalize() throws Throwable { try { finalizer(native_instance); } finally { super.finalize(); } } private static native void finalizer(long native_instance); long native_instance; }什么玩意,就这几行代码,而且还有一个被native修饰的方法,这就超越了上层的知识结构,表示不懂,所以不看了,ctrl+T,发现有三个子类,
现在就分别讲一下这三个类怎么使用,以及其能实现什么效果
AvoidXfermode
这是一个关于颜色模式的类,这是我自己取得,网上很多叫--指定了一个颜色和容差,强制Paint避免在它上面绘图(或者只在它上面绘图),不管它叫什么,
看下AvoidXfermode的类
@Deprecated public class AvoidXfermode extends Xfermode { // these need to match the enum in AvoidXfermode.h on the native side public enum Mode { AVOID (0), //!< draw everywhere except on the opColor TARGET (1); //!< draw only on top of the opColor Mode(int nativeInt) { this.nativeInt = nativeInt; } final int nativeInt; } /** This xfermode draws, or doesn't draw, based on the destination's * distance from an op-color. * * There are two modes, and each mode interprets a tolerance value. * * Avoid: In this mode, drawing is allowed only on destination pixels that * are different from the op-color. * Tolerance near 0: avoid any colors even remotely similar to the op-color * Tolerance near 255: avoid only colors nearly identical to the op-color * Target: In this mode, drawing only occurs on destination pixels that * are similar to the op-color * Tolerance near 0: draw only on colors that are nearly identical to the op-color * Tolerance near 255: draw on any colors even remotely similar to the op-color */ public AvoidXfermode(int opColor, int tolerance, Mode mode) { if (tolerance < 0 || tolerance > 255) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("tolerance must be 0..255"); } native_instance = nativeCreate(opColor, tolerance, mode.nativeInt); } private static native long nativeCreate(int opColor, int tolerance, int nativeMode); }发现它都没有自己的方法,就是一个构造函数,
public AvoidXfermode(int opColor, int tolerance, Mode mode) { if (tolerance < 0 || tolerance > 255) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("tolerance must be 0..255"); } native_instance = nativeCreate(opColor, tolerance, mode.nativeInt); }参数说明:
int opColor:是一个16进制的颜色值
int tolerance:看的出来这个取值范围为[0,255]
Mode mode值在这个类下面定义了一个枚举就二种值一个是AVOID,一种是TARGET,
现在写一个例子更好里面上面三个参数,
package com.example.myapplication; import android.content.Context; import android.graphics.AvoidXfermode; import android.graphics.Bitmap; import android.graphics.BitmapFactory; import android.graphics.Canvas; import android.graphics.Color; import android.graphics.Matrix; import android.graphics.Paint; import android.util.AttributeSet; import android.view.View; /** * Created by admin on 2016/7/2. */ public class MyView extends View { private Paint mPaint; private Bitmap mBitmap; public MyView(Context context) { this(context,null); } public MyView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) { this(context, attrs,0); } public MyView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) { super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr); init(); } private void init() { mPaint = new Paint(); mBitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(),R.mipmap.bb); } @Override protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) { super.onDraw(canvas); mPaint.setColor(Color.RED); canvas.drawBitmap(mBitmap,new Matrix(),mPaint); mPaint.setXfermode(new AvoidXfermode(Color.WHITE,100, AvoidXfermode.Mode.TARGET)); canvas.drawRect(0,0,mBitmap.getWidth(),mBitmap.getHeight(),mPaint); } }效果图:
尼玛发现这不是下面一个画布把上一个画布挡住了么,还什么混合模式,这个跟硬件加速有关,大家手机中设置界面有关一个叫GPU的东西吧,是不是和CPU很像啊,GPU的出现就是为了绘制图形图像的,在view中禁止GPU硬件加速的方法是:
setLayerType(View.LAYER_TYPE_SOFTWARE, null);这个在构造函数中设置就行现在再看下效果:
把硬件加速禁止了效果就出来了,看下onDraw()中的代码,canvas是2个画布,
现在我把AvoidXfermode构造函数中的第二个参数变一下,看下其效果,之前传的是100,现在传200,效果:
之前说了这个值最大是255,现在就把它设置为255
@Override protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) { super.onDraw(canvas); mPaint.setColor(Color.RED); canvas.drawBitmap(mBitmap,new Matrix(),mPaint); mPaint.setXfermode(new AvoidXfermode(Color.WHITE,255, AvoidXfermode.Mode.TARGET)); canvas.drawRect(0,0,mBitmap.getWidth(),mBitmap.getHeight(),mPaint); }效果:
现在传0试试:
@Override protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) { super.onDraw(canvas); mPaint.setColor(Color.RED); canvas.drawBitmap(mBitmap,new Matrix(),mPaint); mPaint.setXfermode(new AvoidXfermode(Color.WHITE,0, AvoidXfermode.Mode.TARGET)); canvas.drawRect(0,0,mBitmap.getWidth(),mBitmap.getHeight(),mPaint); }效果:
发现0是透明的效果,现在看第三个形参Mode,这个是传递AvoidXfermode.Mode.TARGET
AvoidXfermode.Mode.TARGET:会判断画布(也就是canvas,而canvas颜色是通过Paint设置的)上的颜色是否会有跟opColor(AvoidXfermode构造函数第一个形参)有一样的颜色,比如我opColor是白色,那么在TARGET模式下就会去判断我们的画布上是否有存在白色的地方,如果有,则把该区域“染”上一层我们画笔定义的颜色,否则不“染”色
AvoidXfermode.Mode.AVOID:跟上面刚好相反,
PorterDuffXfermode
构造函数:
public PorterDuffXfermode(PorterDuff.Mode mode) { this.mode = mode; native_instance = nativeCreateXfermode(mode.nativeInt); }
发现构造函数就一个值,这些值是定义在PorterDuff类中
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