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KVM虚拟化_kwm控制界面
作者：菜鸟追梦旅行 | 2024-02-07 11:45:41
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kwm控制界面
kvm虚拟化
1. kvm虚拟化介绍
虚拟化是云计算的基础。简单的说，虚拟化使得在一台物理的服务器上可以跑多台虚拟机，虚拟机共享物理机的 CPU、内存、IO 硬件资源，但逻辑上虚拟机之间是相互隔离的。
物理机我们一般称为宿主机（Host）服务器，宿主机上面的虚拟机称为客户机（Guest）。
那么 Host 是如何将自己的硬件资源虚拟化，并提供给 Guest 使用的呢？这个主要是通过一个叫做 Hypervisor 的程序实现的。
根据 Hypervisor 的实现方式和所处的位置，虚拟化又分为两种：
- 全虚拟化(基于硬件)
- 半虚拟化
全虚拟化：
Hypervisor 直接安装在物理机上，多个虚拟机在 Hypervisor 上运行。Hypervisor 实现方式一般是一个特殊定制的 Linux 系统。Xen 和 VMWare 的 ESXi 都属于这个类型
半虚拟化：
物理机上首先安装常规的操作系统，比如 Redhat、Ubuntu 和 Windows。Hypervisor 作为 OS 上的一个程序模块运行，并对管理虚拟机进行管理。KVM、VirtualBox 和 VMWare Workstation 都属于这个类型
理论上讲：
全虚拟化一般对硬件虚拟化功能进行了特别优化，性能上比半虚拟化要高；
半虚拟化因为基于普通的操作系统，会比较灵活，比如支持虚拟机嵌套。嵌套意味着可以在KVM虚拟机中再运行KVM。
2. kvm介绍
KVM 全称是 Kernel-Based Virtual Machine。也就是说 KVM 是基于 Linux 内核实现的。KVM有一个内核模块叫 kvm.ko，只用于管理虚拟 CPU 和内存。
那 IO 的虚拟化，比如存储和网络设备则是由 Linux 内核与Qemu来实现。
作为一个 Hypervisor，KVM 本身只关注虚拟机调度和内存管理这两个方面。IO 外设的任务交给 Linux 内核和 Qemu。
大家在网上看 KVM 相关文章的时候肯定经常会看到 Libvirt 这个东西。
Libvirt 就是 KVM 的管理工具。
其实，Libvirt 除了能管理 KVM 这种 Hypervisor，还能管理 Xen，VirtualBox 等。
Libvirt 包含 3 个东西：后台 daemon 程序 libvirtd、API 库和命令行工具 virsh
- libvirtd是服务程序，接收和处理 API 请求；
- API 库使得其他人可以开发基于 Libvirt 的高级工具，比如 virt-manager，这是个图形化的 KVM 管理工具；
- virsh 是我们经常要用的 KVM 命令行工具
3. kvm部署
3.1kvm安装
环境说明
| 系统类型 | ip地址 |
|---|---|
| RHEL7 | 192.168.176.111 |
部署前请确保你的CPU虚拟化功能已开启。分为两种情况：
- 虚拟机要关机设置CPU虚拟化
- 物理机要在BIOS里开启CPU虚拟化
//关闭防火墙与selinux [root@lwq-client ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname kvm [root@lwq-client ~]# bash [root@kvm ~]# systemctl stop firewalld [root@kvm ~]# systemctl disable firewalld Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service. Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service. [root@kvm ~]# setenforce 0 [root@kvm ~]# sed -ri 's/^(SELINUX=).* /\1disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config [root@kvm ~]# reboot //配置网络源 [root@kvm ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/ [root@kvm yum.repos.d]# curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS7-Base-163.repo http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo % Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed 100 1572 100 1572 0 0 11674 0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 11644 [root@kvm yum.repos.d]# sed -i 's/\$releasever/7/g' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS7-Base-163.repo [root@kvm yum.repos.d]# sed -i 's/^enabled=.* /enabled=1/g' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS7-Base-163.repo [root@kvm yum.repos.d]# yum -y install epel-release vim wget net-tools unzip zip gcc gcc-c++ //验证CPU是否支持KVM，如果结果中有vmx(Intel)或svm(ADM)字样，就说明CPU是支持的 [root@kvm ~]# egrep -o 'vmx|svm' /proc/cpuinfo //kvm安装 [root@kvm ~]# yum -y install qemu-kvm qemu-kvm-tools qemu-img virt-manager libvirt libvirt-python libvirt-client virt-install virt-viewer bridge-utils libguestfs-tools //因为虚拟机中网络，我们一般都是和公司的其他服务器是同一个网段，所以我们要把KVM服务器的网卡配置成桥接模式。这样的化KVM虚拟机就可以通过该桥接网卡和公司内服务器处于同一网段 //此处我的网卡是ens33,所以用br0来桥接ens33网卡 [root@kvm ~]# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ [root@kvm network-scripts]# ls ifcfg-ens33 ifdown-ipv6 ifdown-TeamPort ifup-ippp ifup-routes network-functions ifcfg-lo ifdown-isdn ifdown-tunnel ifup-ipv6 ifup-sit network-functions-ipv6 ifdown ifdown-post ifup ifup-isdn ifup-Team ifdown-bnep ifdown-ppp ifup-aliases ifup-plip ifup-TeamPort ifdown-eth ifdown-routes ifup-bnep ifup-plusb ifup-tunnel ifdown-ib ifdown-sit ifup-eth ifup-post ifup-wireless ifdown-ippp ifdown-Team ifup-ib ifup-ppp init.ipv6-global [root@kvm network-scripts]# cp ifcfg-ens33 ifcfg-br0 [root@kvm network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-br0 TYPE="Bridge" BOOTPROTO="static" NAME="br0" DEVICE="br0" NM_CONTROLLED=no ONBOOT="yes" IPADDR="192.168.176.111" PREFIX="24" GATEWAY="192.168.176.2" DNS1=192.168.176.2 [root@kvm network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-ens33 TYPE="Ethernet" BOOTPROTO="static" DEFROUTE="yes" NAME="ens33" DEVICE="ens33" ONBOOT="yes" #IPADDR="192.168.176.111" #PREFIX="24" #GATEWAY="192.168.176.2" #DNS1=192.168.176.2 BRIDGE=br0 NM_CONTROLLED=no //重启网络 [root@kvm ~]# systemctl restart network [root@kvm ~]# ip a 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master br0 state UP qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:b1:08:52 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:feb1:852/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 3: br0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:b1:08:52 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.176.111/24 brd 192.168.176.255 scope global br0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:feb1:852/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 4: virbr0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN qlen 1000 link/ether 52:54:00:67:b6:e3 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.122.1/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global virbr0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 5: virbr0-nic: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master virbr0 state DOWN qlen 1000 link/ether 52:54:00:67:b6:e3 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff //启动服务 [root@kvm ~]# systemctl start libvirtd [root@kvm ~]# systemctl enable libvirtd //安装此依赖包： [root@kvm ~]# yum install -y xorg-x11-font-utils.x86_64 xorg-x11-server-utils.x86_64 xorg-x11-utils.x86_64 xorg-x11-xauth.x86_64 xorg-x11-xinit.x86_64 //此处需要用到Xmanager软件连接此服务器 [root@kvm ~]# virt-manager [root@kvm ~]# libGL error: No matching fbConfigs or visuals found libGL error: failed to load driver: swrast //开另一个终端： [root@kvm ~]# lsmod | grep kvm kvm_intel 170086 0 kvm 566340 1 kvm_intel irqbypass 13503 1 kvm //测试并检验安装结果 [root@kvm ~]# virsh -c qemu:///system list -c连接 Id 名称 状态 ---------------------------------------------------- root@kvm ~]# virsh --version 4.5.0 [root@kvm ~]# virt-install --version 1.5.0 [root@kvm ~]# ln -s /usr/libexec/qemu-kvm /usr/bin/qemu-kvm [root@kvm ~]# ll /usr/bin/qemu-kvm lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 21 8月 31 17:05 /usr/bin/qemu-kvm -> /usr/libexec/qemu-kvm [root@kvm ~]# lsmod | grep kvm kvm_intel 170086 0 kvm 566340 1 kvm_intel irqbypass 13503 1 kvm //查看网桥信息 [root@kvm ~]# brctl show bridge name bridge id STP enabled interfaces br0 8000.000c29b10852 no ens33 virbr0 8000.52540067b6e3 yes virbr0-nic
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Xmanager:虚拟管理系统
请先把本虚拟机关机再进行虚拟机设置操作
Xmanager上操作：
3.2kwm web管理界面安装
kvm的web管理界面是由webvirtmgr程序提供的
//安装依赖包 [root@kvm ~]# yum -y install git python-pip libvirt-python libxml2-python python-websockify supervisor nginx python-devel //升级pip [root@kvm ~]# pip install --upgrade pip Retrying (Retry(total=4, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None)) after connection broken by 'NewConnectionError('<pip._vendor.requests.packages.urllib3.connection.VerifiedHTTPSConnection object at 0x7fcf01cab0d0>: Failed to establish a new connection: [Errno 101] \xe7\xbd\x91\xe7\xbb\x9c\xe4\xb8\x8d\xe5\x8f\xaf\xe8\xbe\xbe',)': /simple/pip/ Collecting pip Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/30/db/9e38760b32e3e7f40cce46dd5fb107b8c73840df38f0046d8e6514e675a1/pip-19.2.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl (1.4MB) 100% |████████████████████████████████| 1.4MB 39kB/s Installing collected packages: pip Found existing installation: pip 8.1.2 Uninstalling pip-8.1.2: Successfully uninstalled pip-8.1.2 Successfully installed pip-19.2.3 //从github上下载webvirtmgr代码 [root@kvm ~]# cd /usr/local/src/ [root@kvm src]# git clone git://github.com/retspen/webvirtmgr.git 正克隆到 'webvirtmgr'... remote: Enumerating objects: 5614, done. remote: Total 5614 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 5614 接收对象中: 100% (5614/5614), 2.98 MiB | 43.00 KiB/s, done. 处理 delta 中: 100% (3602/3602), done. [root@kvm src]# ls webvirtmgr [root@kvm src]# du -sh * 6.0M webvirtmgr //安装webvirtmgr [root@kvm src]# cd webvirtmgr/ [root@kvm webvirtmgr]# ls conf dev-requirements.txt interfaces networks serverlog templates console hostdetail locale README.rst servers Vagrantfile create images manage.py requirements.txt setup.py vrtManager deploy instance MANIFEST.in secrets storages webvirtmgr [root@kvm webvirtmgr]# less requirements.txt [root@kvm webvirtmgr]# pip install -r requirements.txt DEPRECATION: Python 2.7 will reach the end of its life on January 1st, 2020. Please upgrade your Python as Python 2.7 won't be maintained after that date. A future version of pip will drop support for Python 2.7. More details about Python 2 support in pip, can be found at https://pip.pypa.io/en/latest/development/release-process/#python-2-support Collecting django==1.5.5 (from -r requirements.txt (line 1)) Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/38/49/93511c5d3367b6b21fc2995a0e53399721afc15e4cd6eb57be879ae13ad4/Django-1.5.5.tar.gz Collecting gunicorn==19.5.0 (from -r requirements.txt (line 2)) Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/f9/4e/f4076a1a57fc1e75edc0828db365cfa9005f9f6b4a51b489ae39a91eb4be/gunicorn-19.5.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (113kB) |████████████████████████████████| 122kB 51kB/s Collecting lockfile>=0.9 (from -r requirements.txt (line 5)) Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/c8/22/9460e311f340cb62d26a38c419b1381b8593b0bb6b5d1f056938b086d362/lockfile-0.12.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl Installing collected packages: django, gunicorn, lockfile Running setup.py install for django ... done Successfully installed django-1.5.5 gunicorn-19.5.0 lockfile-0.12.2 //检查sqlite3是否安装 [root@kvm webvirtmgr]# python Python 2.7.5 (default, Jun 20 2019, 20:27:34) [GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-36)] on linux2 Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>> import sqlite3 >>> exit() //初始化账号信息 [root@kvm webvirtmgr]# python manage.py syncdb WARNING:root:No local_settings file found. Creating tables ... Creating table auth_permission Creating table auth_group_permissions Creating table auth_group Creating table auth_user_groups Creating table auth_user_user_permissions Creating table auth_user Creating table django_content_type Creating table django_session Creating table django_site Creating table servers_compute Creating table instance_instance Creating table create_flavor You just installed Django's auth system, which means you don't have any superusers defined. Would you like to create one now? (yes/no): yes //问你是否创建超级管理员帐号 Username (leave blank to use 'root'): //指定超级管理员帐号用户名，默认留空为root Email address: 2316134656@qq.com //设置超级管理员邮箱 Password: //设置超级管理员密码 Password (again): //再次输入超级管理员密码 Superuser created successfully. Installing custom SQL ... Installing indexes ... Installed 6 object(s) from 1 fixture(s) //拷贝web网页至指定目录 [root@kvm webvirtmgr]# mkdir /var/www [root@kvm webvirtmgr]# cp -r /usr/local/src/webvirtmgr/ /var/www/ [root@kvm webvirtmgr]# chown -R nginx.nginx /var/www/webvirtmgr/ [root@kvm webvirtmgr]# cd //生成密钥 [root@kvm ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa Generating public/private rsa key pair. Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): Created directory '/root/.ssh'. Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa. Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub. The key fingerprint is: SHA256:9/8zjw7/A11PV3RaPj+KalgU+isNf6Ue+vNtpww9YeI root@kvm The key's randomart image is: +---[RSA 2048]----+ | .+| | . +o| | . . ..o| | . . *| | S . . +o=| | . + o.*.oo| | * .oE.+ | | o =o+.*.B.| | oo+oooO=X| +----[SHA256]-----+ //由于这里webvirtmgr和kvm服务部署在同一台机器，所以这里本地信任。如果kvm部署在其他机器，那么这个是它的ip [root@kvm ~]# ssh-copy-id 192.168.176.111 /usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: "/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub" The authenticity of host '192.168.176.111 (192.168.176.111)' can't be established. ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:acbRY/PG8nam4qE6Fue8SlFyxibg2xiUSLulWkR4nKM. ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:7c:b8:ac:81:bc:3f:d4:76:06:a9:09:d4:0f:76:2a:6c. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes /usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed /usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys root@192.168.176.111's password: Number of key(s) added: 1 Now try logging into the machine, with: "ssh '192.168.176.111'" and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added. //配置端口转发 [root@kvm ~]# ssh 192.168.176.111 -L localhost:8000:localhost:8000 -L localhost:6080:localhost:60 Last login: Sat Aug 31 14:05:07 2019 from 192.168.176.1 [root@kvm ~]# ss -antl State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port LISTEN 0 128 *:111 *:* LISTEN 0 5 192.168.122.1:53 *:* LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:* LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1:631 *:* LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:* LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1:6012 *:* LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1:6080 *:* LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1:8000 *:* LISTEN 0 128 :::111 :::* LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::* LISTEN 0 128 ::1:631 :::* LISTEN 0 100 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 0 128 ::1:6012 :::* LISTEN 0 128 ::1:6080 :::* LISTEN 0 128 ::1:8000 :::* //配置nginx [root@kvm ~]# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf [root@kvm ~]# mv /etc/nginx/nginx.conf{,888} [root@kvm ~]# ls /etc/nginx/ conf.d fastcgi_params mime.types scgi_params win-utf default.d fastcgi_params.default mime.types.default scgi_params.default fastcgi.conf koi-utf nginx.conf888 uwsgi_params fastcgi.conf.default koi-win nginx.conf.default uwsgi_params.default [root@kvm ~]# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf [root@kvm ~]# cat /etc/nginx/nginx.conf user nginx; worker_processes auto; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log; pid /run/nginx.pid; include /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main; sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; tcp_nodelay on; keepalive_timeout 65; types_hash_max_size 2048; include /etc/nginx/mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf; server { listen 80; server_name localhost; include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf; location / { root html; index index.html index.htm; } error_page 404 /404.html; location = /40x.html { } error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { } } } [root@kvm ~]# vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/webvirtmgr.conf [root@kvm ~]# cat /etc/nginx/conf.d/webvirtmgr.conf server { listen 80 default_server; server_name $hostname; #access_log /var/log/nginx/webvirtmgr_access_log; location /static/ { root /var/www/webvirtmgr/webvirtmgr; expires max; } location / { proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8000; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-for $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_set_header Host $host:$server_port; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $remote_addr; proxy_connect_timeout 600; proxy_read_timeout 600; proxy_send_timeout 600; client_max_body_size 1024M; } } //确保bind绑定的是本机的8000端口 [root@kvm ~]# vim /var/www/webvirtmgr/conf/gunicorn.conf.py .....此处省略N行 bind = '0.0.0.0:8000' //确保此处绑定的是本机的8000端口，这个在nginx配置中定义了，被代理的端口 backlog = 2048 .....此处省略N行 //重启nginx [root@kvm ~]# systemctl restart nginx [root@kvm ~]# ss -antl State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port LISTEN 0 128 *:111 *:* LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:* LISTEN 0 5 192.168.122.1:53 *:* LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:* LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1:631 *:* LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:* LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1:6012 *:* LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1:6080 *:* LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1:8000 *:* LISTEN 0 128 :::111 :::* LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::* LISTEN 0 128 ::1:631 :::* LISTEN 0 100 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 0 128 ::1:6012 :::* LISTEN 0 128 ::1:6080 :::* LISTEN 0 128 ::1:8000 :::* //设置supervisor [root@kvm ~]# vim /etc/supervisord.conf [program:webvirtmgr] command=/usr/bin/python2 /var/www/webvirtmgr/manage.py run_gunicorn -c /var/www/webvirtmgr/conf/gunicorn.conf.py directory=/var/www/webvirtmgr autostart=true autorestart=true logfile=/var/log/supervisor/webvirtmgr.log log_stderr=true user=nginx [program:webvirtmgr-console] command=/usr/bin/python2 /var/www/webvirtmgr/console/webvirtmgr-console directory=/var/www/webvirtmgr autostart=true autorestart=true stdout_logfile=/var/log/supervisor/webvirtmgr-console.log redirect_stderr=true user=nginx //启动supervisor并设置开机自启 [root@kvm ~]# systemctl start supervisord [root@kvm ~]# systemctl enable supervisord Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/supervisord.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/supervisord.service. [root@kvm ~]# systemctl status supervisord ● supervisord.service - Process Monitoring and Control Daemon Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/supervisord.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled) Active: active (running) since 六 2019-08-31 16:30:32 CST; 56s ago Main PID: 7338 (supervisord) CGroup: /system.slice/supervisord.service ├─7338 /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/supervisord -c /etc/supervisord.conf └─7450 /usr/bin/python2 /var/www/webvirtmgr/manage.py run_gunicorn -c /var/www/webvi... 8月 31 16:30:32 kvm systemd[1]: Starting Process Monitoring and Control Daemon... 8月 31 16:30:32 kvm systemd[1]: Started Process Monitoring and Control Daemon. 8月 31 16:30:34 kvm python2[7339]: detected unhandled Python exception in '/var/www/webvir...ole' 8月 31 16:30:35 kvm python2[7353]: detected unhandled Python exception in '/var/www/webvir...ole' 8月 31 16:30:37 kvm python2[7360]: detected unhandled Python exception in '/var/www/webvir...ole' 8月 31 16:30:41 kvm python2[7372]: detected unhandled Python exception in '/var/www/webvir...ole' 8月 31 16:30:45 kvm python2[7379]: detected unhandled Python exception in '/var/www/webvir...ole' Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full. [root@kvm ~]# ss -antl State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port LISTEN 0 128 *:111 *:* LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:* LISTEN 0 5 192.168.122.1:53 *:* LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:* LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1:631 *:* LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:* LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1:6012 *:* LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1:6080 *:* LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1:8000 *:* LISTEN 0 128 :::111 :::* LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::* LISTEN 0 128 ::1:631 :::* LISTEN 0 100 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 0 128 ::1:6012 :::* LISTEN 0 128 ::1:6080 :::* LISTEN 0 128 ::1:8000 :::* //配置nginx用户 [root@kvm ~]# su - nginx -s /bin/bash -bash-4.2$ ssh-keygen -t rsa Generating public/private rsa key pair. Enter file in which to save the key (/var/lib/nginx/.ssh/id_rsa): Created directory '/var/lib/nginx/.ssh'. Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in /var/lib/nginx/.ssh/id_rsa. Your public key has been saved in /var/lib/nginx/.ssh/id_rsa.pub. The key fingerprint is: SHA256:UljYk82NtYyuGcdOigsLLAQaatFCFS6ODqkzpqTmlvs nginx@kvm The key's randomart image is: +---[RSA 2048]----+ | ..o. o.+ +. | |. o .o+ +o.. | |o+ o . ... o | |*o+ . o | |*+ . S = | |*. o O | |=++ . . + . | |=B . o . | |*ooE. . | +----[SHA256]-----+ -bash-4.2$ touch ~/.ssh/config && echo -e "StrictHostKeyChecking=no\nUserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null" >> ~/.ssh/config -bash-4.2$ chmod 0600 ~/.ssh/config -bash-4.2$ ssh-copy-id root@192.168.176.111 /bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: "/var/lib/nginx/.ssh/id_rsa.pub" /bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed /bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys Warning: Permanently added '192.168.176.111' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts. root@192.168.176.111's password: Number of key(s) added: 1 Now try logging into the machine, with: "ssh 'root@192.168.176.111'" and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added. -bash-4.2$ exit 登出 [root@kvm ~]# vim /etc/polkit-1/localauthority/50-local.d/50-libvirt-remote-access.pkla [root@kvm ~]# cat /etc/polkit-1/localauthority/50-local.d/50-libvirt-remote-access.pkla [Remote libvirt SSH access] Identity=unix-user:root Action=org.libvirt.unix.manage ResultAny=yes ResultInactive=yes ResultActive=yes [root@kvm ~]# chown -R root.root /etc/polkit-1/localauthority/50-local.d/50-libvirt-remote-access.pkla [root@kvm ~]# systemctl restart nginx [root@kvm ~]# systemctl restart libvirtd
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3.3kvm web界面管理
通过ip地址在浏览器上访问kvm，例如我这里就是：http://192.168.176.111/login
账户是root,密码为执行python manager syncdb时设的超级管理员密码
此处我设置的为123456
3.3.1kvm连接管理
创建SSH连接
3.3.2kvm存储管理
3.3.3kvm网络管理
3.3.4实例管理
4. 故障案例
4.1案例1
4.2案例2
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