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Ubuntu安装kubernates全过程实记_ubuntu systemctl enable flanneld_kebernetes flannel-v0.25.4-linux-amd64.tar.gz

kebernetes flannel-v0.25.4-linux-amd64.tar.gz

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正文

openssl x509 -noout -text -in kubernetes.pem

11.分发证书:

将生成的证书和秘钥文件(后缀名为.pem)拷贝到所有机器的 /etc/kubernetes/ssl 目录下备用;

mkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/ssl
cp *.pem /etc/kubernetes/ssl
scp *.pem root@10.20.100.236:/etc/kubernetes/ssl
scp *.pem root@192.168.174.128:/etc/kubernetes/ssl

然后我发现,这么配置太慢了,研究了一下,终于决定,先不加这些验证文件.
所以上面的这些,都没加,下面才是正真的开始.

开始安装全部的组件

先准备工作目录,下面所有的下载和操作都在这个目录下执行

cd /mnt/
mkdir k8s
cd k8s
sudo swapoff -a

安装etcd

tar zxvf etcd-v3.3.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz

sudo mkdir -p /var/lib/etcd/
sudo mkdir -p /etc/etcd/
sudo vim /etc/etcd/etcd.conf

ETCD_NAME=default
ETCD_DATA_DIR=“/var/lib/etcd/”
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS=“http://0.0.0.0:2379”
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS=“http://10.20.100.236:2379”

创建systemd文件

sudo vim /lib/systemd/system/etcd.service

[Unit]
Description=Etcd Server
Documentation=https://github.com/coreos/etcd
After=network.target

[Service]
User=sunht
Type=notify
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/etcd/etcd.conf
ExecStart=/mnt/k8s/etcd-v3.3.0-linux-amd64/etcd
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=10s
LimitNOFILE=40000

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

启动服务

sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable etcd
sudo systemctl start etcd

检查服务及端口

sudo systemctl status etcd

netstat -apn | grep 2379

创建一个etcd网络

etcdctl set /coreos.com/network/config ‘{ “Network”: “172.17.0.0/16” }’

这里的etcd网络是给flannel分配docker使用的,目前docker上的子网是172.17.0.1网关.所以这里也就用这个作为网关了.
如果部署的是etcd集群,那么每台etcd服务器上都需要执行上述步骤。但我这里只使用了standalone,所以我的etcd服务就搞定了。

Kubernetes通用配置

创建Kubernetes配置目录

sudo mkdir /etc/kubernetes
sudo vim /etc/kubernetes/config

KUBE_LOGTOSTDERR=“–logtostderr=true”
KUBE_LOG_LEVEL=“–v=0”
KUBE_ALLOW_PRIV=“–allow-privileged=false”
KUBE_MASTER=“–master=http://10.20.100.236:6060”

8080端口被占了,还是用6060吧,看看后面有没有其他的地方要改的.

同样在master的主机上配置kube-apiserver服务

tar -xzvf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
tar -xzvf kubernetes-client-linux-amd64.tar.gz
tar -xzvf kubernetes-node-linux-amd64.tar.gz

sudo vim /etc/kubernetes/apiserver

KUBE_API_ADDRESS=“–address=0.0.0.0”
KUBE_API_PORT=“–port=6060”
KUBELET_PORT=“–kubelet-port=10250”
KUBE_ETCD_SERVERS=“–etcd-servers=http://10.20.100.236:2379”
KUBE_SERVICE_ADDRESSES=“–service-cluster-ip-range=172.17.0.0/16”
KUBE_ADMISSION_CONTROL=“–admission-control=NamespaceLifecycle,NamespaceExists,LimitRanger,ResourceQuota”
KUBE_API_ARGS=“”

创建systemd文件

sudo vim /lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service

[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
After=network.target
After=etcd.service
Wants=etcd.service

[Service]
User=root
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/config
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/apiserver
ExecStart=/mnt/k8s/kubernetes/server/bin/kube-apiserver \ ##这里是kube-apiserver 果然能copy还是不要手敲了,这里的错误找了半天
$KUBE_LOGTOSTDERR
$KUBE_LOG_LEVEL
$KUBE_ETCD_SERVERS
$KUBE_API_ADDRESS
$KUBE_API_PORT
$KUBELET_PORT
$KUBE_ALLOW_PRIV
$KUBE_SERVICE_ADDRESSES
$KUBE_ADMISSION_CONTROL
$KUBE_API_ARGS
Restart=on-failure
Type=notify
LimitNOFILE=65536

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

配置kube-controller-manager服务

sudo vim /etc/kubernetes/controller-manager

KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_ARGS=“”

创建systemd文件

sudo vim /lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service

[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
After=etcd.service
After=kube-apiserver.service
Requires=etcd.service
Requires=kube-apiserver.service

[Service]
User=root
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/config
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager
ExecStart=/mnt/k8s/kubernetes/server/bin/kube-controller-manager
$KUBE_LOGTOSTDERR
$KUBE_LOG_LEVEL
$KUBE_MASTER
$KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_ARGS
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

配置kube-scheduler服务

创建kube-scheduler配置文件

sudo vim /etc/kubernetes/scheduler

KUBE_SCHEDULER_ARGS=“”

创建systemd文件

sudo vim /lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service

[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes

[Service]
User=root
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/config
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/scheduler
ExecStart=/mnt/k8s/kubernetes/server/bin/kube-scheduler
$KUBE_LOGTOSTDERR
$KUBE_MASTER
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

启动Kubernetes master节点的服务

sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler
sudo systemctl start kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler

启动成功后

配置Node上的kubernates

/etc/kubernetes/config 与主的一样.

flannel配置

创建配置目录和文件

sudo vim /etc/default/flanneld.conf
FLANNEL_ETCD_ENDPOINTS=“http://10.20.100.236:2379”
FLANNEL_ETCD_PREFIX=“/coreos.com/network”

其中,FLANNEL_ETCD_PREFIX选项就是刚才配置的etcd网络。

创建systemd文件

sudo vim /lib/systemd/system/flanneld.service

[Unit]
Description=Flanneld
Documentation=https://github.com/coreos/flannel
After=network.target
After=etcd.service
Before=docker.service

[Service]
User=root
EnvironmentFile=/etc/default/flanneld.conf
ExecStart=/mnt/k8s/flanneld
-etcd-endpoints= F L A N N E L E T C D E N D P O I N T S   − e t c d − p r e f i x = {FLANNEL_ETCD_ENDPOINTS} \ -etcd-prefix= FLANNELETCDENDPOINTS etcdprefix={FLANNEL_ETCD_PREFIX}
$FLANNEL_OPTIONS
ExecStartPost=/usr/bin/flannel/mk-docker-opts.sh -k DOCKER_OPTS -d /run/flannel/docker
Restart=on-failure
Type=notify
LimitNOFILE=65536

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
RequiredBy=docker.service

然后启动flanneld服务

sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable flanneld
sudo systemctl start flanneld

查看服务是否启动

sudo systemctl status flanneld

● flanneld.service - Flanneld
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/flanneld.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since Wed 2019-03-27 14:54:17 HKT; 16s ago
Docs: https://github.com/coreos/flannel
Process: 6840 ExecStartPost=/usr/bin/flannel/mk-docker-opts.sh -k DOCKER_OPTS -d /run/flannel/docker (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 6814 (flanneld)
Tasks: 23
Memory: 7.4M
CPU: 113ms
CGroup: /system.slice/flanneld.service
└─6814 /mnt/k8s/flanneld -etcd-endpoints=http://10.20.100.236:2379 -etcd-prefix=/coreos.com/network

Mar 27 14:54:17 ubuntu2 flanneld[6814]: I0327 14:54:17.328085 6814 main.go:505] Defaulting external address to interface address (10.20.100.236)
Mar 27 14:54:17 ubuntu2 flanneld[6814]: I0327 14:54:17.328186 6814 main.go:235] Created subnet manager: Etcd Local Manager with Previous Subnet: 172.17.40.0/24
Mar 27 14:54:17 ubuntu2 flanneld[6814]: I0327 14:54:17.328194 6814 main.go:238] Installing signal handlers
Mar 27 14:54:17 ubuntu2 flanneld[6814]: I0327 14:54:17.329064 6814 main.go:353] Found network config - Backend type: udp
Mar 27 14:54:17 ubuntu2 flanneld[6814]: I0327 14:54:17.343361 6814 local_manager.go:147] Found lease (172.17.40.0/24) for current IP (10.20.100.236), reusing
Mar 27 14:54:17 ubuntu2 flanneld[6814]: I0327 14:54:17.352201 6814 main.go:300] Wrote subnet file to /run/flannel/subnet.env
Mar 27 14:54:17 ubuntu2 flanneld[6814]: I0327 14:54:17.352214 6814 main.go:304] Running backend.
Mar 27 14:54:17 ubuntu2 flanneld[6814]: I0327 14:54:17.352311 6814 udp_network_amd64.go:100] Watching for new subnet leases
Mar 27 14:54:17 ubuntu2 flanneld[6814]: I0327 14:54:17.360031 6814 main.go:396] Waiting for 22h59m59.983567988s to renew lease
Mar 27 14:54:17 ubuntu2 systemd[1]: Started Flanneld.

##Docker的安装和配置

sudo apt-get install docker.io

使flannel作用docker网络

修改docker的systemd配置文件。

sudo mkdir /lib/systemd/system/docker.service.d
sudo vim /lib/systemd/system/docker.service.d/flannel.conf

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/run/flannel/docker

重启docker服务。

sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart docker

查看docker是否有了flannel的网络。

sudo ps -ef | grep docker

root 7039 1 0 14:58 ? 00:00:00 /usr/bin/dockerd -H fd:// --bip=172.17.40.1/24 --ip-masq=true --mtu=1472

配置kubelet服务

创建kubelet的数据目录

sudo mkdir /var/lib/kubelet

创建kubelet配置文件

kubelet的专用配置文件为/etc/kubernetes/kubelet

sudo vim /etc/kubernetes/kubelet

KUBELET_ADDRESS=“–address=127.0.0.1”
KUBELET_HOSTNAME=“–hostname-override=10.20.100.236”
KUBELET_PORT=“–kubelet-port=10250”
#KUBELET_API_SERVER=“–api-servers=http://10.20.100.236:6060”
KUBELET_API_SERVER=“–kubeconfig=/var/lib/kubelet/kubeconfig”

pod infrastructure container

KUBELET_POD_INFRA_CONTAINER=“–pod-infra-container-image=registry.access.RedHat.com/rhel7/pod-infrastructure:latest”
KUBELET_ARGS=“–enable-server=true --enable-debugging-handlers=true”

创建systemd文件

sudo vim /lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service

[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kubelet
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
After=docker.service
Requires=docker.service

[Service]
WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/kubelet
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/config
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/kubelet
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kubelet
$KUBE_LOGTOSTDERR
$KUBE_LOG_LEVEL
$KUBELET_API_SERVER
$KUBELET_ADDRESS
$KUBELET_PORT
$KUBELET_HOSTNAME
$KUBE_ALLOW_PRIV
$KUBELET_POD_INFRA_CONTAINER
$KUBELET_ARGS
Restart=on-failure
KillMode=process

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

启动kubelet服务

sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable kubelet
sudo systemctl start kubelet
journalctl -xe
journalctl -xefu kubelet ##我在这一步卡死了,老是报错 exitCode 2 invalidArgument

在v1.8版本之后kubelet不再支持api-server参数,那么在新版本kubelet如何才能与api-server进行通信呢?是通过kubeconfig参数,指定配置文件。(这个地方是一个大坑,如果还是按照这种配置的话,master会找不到这个node)
在/etc/kubernetes/kubelet配置文件中有一个配置项

KUBELET_ARGS=“–fail-swap-on=false --cgroup-driver=cgroupfs --kubeconfig=/var/lib/kubelet/kubeconfig”

###编辑配置文件/var/lib/kubelet/kubeconfig

apiVersion: v1
clusters:

  • cluster:
    server: http://10.20.100.236:6060
    name: myk8s
    contexts:
  • context:
    cluster: myk8s
    user: “”
    name: myk8s-context
    current-context: myk8s-context
    kind: Config
    preferences: {}
    users: []

本地的虚拟机上的配置.

KUBELET_ADDRESS=“–address=127.0.0.1”
KUBELET_HOSTNAME=“–hostname-override=192.168.174.128”
KUBELET_PORT=“–kubelet-port=10250”
#KUBELET_API_SERVER=“–api-servers=http://10.20.100.236:6060”
KUBELET_API_SERVER=“–kubeconfig=/var/lib/kubelet/kubeconfig”

pod infrastructure container

KUBELET_POD_INFRA_CONTAINER=“–pod-infra-container-image=registry.access.RedHat.com/rhel7/pod-infrastructure:latest”
KUBELET_ARGS=“–enable-server=true --enable-debugging-handlers=true”

本地虚拟机上的配置systemd

vi /lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service

[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kubelet
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
After=docker.service
Requires=docker.service

[Service]
WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/kubelet
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/config
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/kubelet
ExecStart=/mnt/k8s/kubernetes/server/bin/kubelet
$KUBE_LOGTOSTDERR
$KUBE_LOG_LEVEL
$KUBELET_API_SERVER
$KUBELET_ADDRESS
$KUBELET_PORT
$KUBELET_HOSTNAME
$KUBE_ALLOW_PRIV
$KUBELET_POD_INFRA_CONTAINER
$KUBELET_ARGS
Restart=on-failure
KillMode=process

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

配置kube-proxy服务

创建kube-proxy配置文件

sudo vi /etc/kubernetes/proxy

KUBE_PROXY_ARGS=“”

创建systemd文件

sudo vim /lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service

[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Proxy
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
After=network.target

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/config
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/proxy
ExecStart=/mnt/k8s/kubernetes/server/bin/kube-proxy
$KUBE_LOGTOSTDERR
$KUBE_LOG_LEVEL
$KUBE_MASTER
$KUBE_PROXY_ARGS
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

启动proxy

sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable kube-proxy
sudo systemctl start kube-proxy

查询node状态

执行kubectl get node命令来查看node状态。都为Ready状态时,则说明node节点已经成功连接到master,如果不是该状态,则需要到该节点上,定位下原因。可通过journalctl -u kubelet.service命令来查看kubelet服务的日志。

$ kubectl get node
NAME STATUS AGE
192.168.56.160 Ready d
192.168.56.161 Ready d ## 这里是抄别人的

因为本地配置的是6060端口,所以需要进行一步额外的操作,将kubectl的端口改正到6060上去.

kubectl --server=http://10.20.100.236:6060 get nodes

网上学习资料一大堆,但如果学到的知识不成体系,遇到问题时只是浅尝辄止,不再深入研究,那么很难做到真正的技术提升。

需要这份系统化的资料的朋友,可以添加V获取:vip1024b (备注软件测试)
img

一个人可以走的很快,但一群人才能走的更远!不论你是正从事IT行业的老鸟或是对IT行业感兴趣的新人,都欢迎加入我们的的圈子(技术交流、学习资源、职场吐槽、大厂内推、面试辅导),让我们一起学习成长!
do systemctl start kube-proxy

查询node状态

执行kubectl get node命令来查看node状态。都为Ready状态时,则说明node节点已经成功连接到master,如果不是该状态,则需要到该节点上,定位下原因。可通过journalctl -u kubelet.service命令来查看kubelet服务的日志。

$ kubectl get node
NAME STATUS AGE
192.168.56.160 Ready d
192.168.56.161 Ready d ## 这里是抄别人的

因为本地配置的是6060端口,所以需要进行一步额外的操作,将kubectl的端口改正到6060上去.

kubectl --server=http://10.20.100.236:6060 get nodes

网上学习资料一大堆,但如果学到的知识不成体系,遇到问题时只是浅尝辄止,不再深入研究,那么很难做到真正的技术提升。

需要这份系统化的资料的朋友,可以添加V获取:vip1024b (备注软件测试)
[外链图片转存中…(img-NLn6aYJb-1713420727766)]

一个人可以走的很快,但一群人才能走的更远!不论你是正从事IT行业的老鸟或是对IT行业感兴趣的新人,都欢迎加入我们的的圈子(技术交流、学习资源、职场吐槽、大厂内推、面试辅导),让我们一起学习成长!

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