Centos7安装Percona5.7

OS: Centos7.0
DB: Percona5.7

1. 通过yum安装

## 删除之前的mysql数据库, 我用的是centos7.再安装虚拟机的时候，预装了很多软件。所以mysql和mariadb的一些东西安装了。必须要删除掉
rpm -qa | grep mysql
rpm -qa | grep mariadb
 
rpm -e mysql 
rpm -e --nodeps mysql 
yum remove mariadb-libs-5.5.41-2.el7_0.x86_64
 
## 安装其他依赖包：perl 和libaio
yum -y install perl-Module-Install.noarch
yum -y install libaio libaio-devel
 
## 配置yum安装源
yum install https://www.percona.com/redir/downloads/percona-release/redhat/0.1-4/percona-release-0.1-4.noarch.rpm  ## 最新的是0.1-4
 
## 安装percona
yum install Percona-Server-server-57 

2. 通过rpm安装

wget https://www.percona.com/downloads/Percona-Server-LATEST/Percona-Server-5.7.18-16/binary/redhat/7/x86_64/Percona-Server-5.7.18-16-rd7301f8-el7-x86_64-bundle.tar
 
tar xvf Percona-Server-5.7.18-16-rd7301f8-el7-x86_64-bundle.tar
 
rpm -ivh Percona-Server-shared-compat-57-5.7.18-16.1.el7.x86_64
rpm -ivh Percona-Server-shared-57-5.7.18-16.1.el7.x86_64
rpm -ivh Percona-Server-client-57-5.7.18-16.1.el7.x86_64
rpm -ivh Percona-Server-server-57-5.7.18-16.1.el7.x86_64

3. 配置

## 配置用户组
groupadd mysql
useradd -r -g mysql mysql 
 
mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/user/local/webserver/mysql ## 如果没报错，恭喜你很幸运

vim /etc/percona-server.conf.d/mysqld.cnf

[mysqld]
 
datadir=/usr/local/webserver/mysql
socket=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/mysql.sock
 
# initialize need
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true
 
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
 
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
 
[mysql]
socket=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/mysql.sock

chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/webserver/mysql

service mysqld start ## 如果没报错，恭喜你很幸运。

4. 登录

cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep "temporary password" ## 找到root的初始密码。
 
mysql -u root -p 
 
set password = password('root');

5. ERROR

• mysqld --initialize 报错：TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated

  从 5.6开始，timestamp 的默认行为已经是 deprecated

vim /etc/percona-server.conf.d/mysqld.cnf
 
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true ## 加上这段(显示指定默认值为timestamp类型的字段)

• mysql --initialize 报错：initialize specified but the data directory has files in it. Aborting.

  datadir 已经存在了。删除即可

• service mysqld start 报错：InnoDB: .\ibdata1 must be writable > InnoDB 在启动时需要配置LOG File的目录，如果没有制定目录，则会在MySQL Data目录下创建2个日志文件ib_logfile0 and ib_logfile1，在创建的时候需要确保MYSQL拥有对该目录的权限。

ps -ef | grep mysqld
kill 21222 ## kill掉mysqld的进程
rm /usr/local/webserver/mysql/ib_logfil*
service mysqld start

• service mysqld start 报错：Could not create unix socket lock file /user/lib/mysql/mysql.sock.lock.

## 很简单的问题。加权限即可
chown -R mysql:mysql /user/lib/mysql/

6. 总结

安装mysql的数据库必要步骤有：

1. 安装依赖包
2. 安装mysql数据库
3. 初始化服务（mysqld --initialize）
4. 修改配置文件，配置datadir目录权限和用户
5. 启动服务，链接数据库

参考资料

1. MySQL 5.6 中TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated错误
2. MYSQL 服务无法启动，错误日志：InnoDB: .\ibdata1 must be writable
3. 如何在 CentOS 7 上安装 Percona服务器
4. percona5.7 源码安装

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