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day02配置告警用户数超过50,发送告警邮件实施验证告警配置配置钉钉机器人告警创建钉钉机器人编写脚本并测试添加报警媒介类型为用户添加报警媒介创建触发器创建动作验证自动发现配置自动发现主动监控配置web2使用主动监控修改配置文件,只使用主动监控创建用于主动监控的主机拓扑图完善拓扑图监控Nginxstub_status模块
上图中,点击“添加”后,出现下图:
上图中,点击“插入”后的结果如下:
回到“创建动作”页面后,点击“操作”:
# 配置postfix邮件服务和mailx邮件客户端
[root@pubserver zabbix]# vim 07-config-mail.yml
---
- name: config mail
hosts: zabbix
tasks:
- name: install mail # 安装postfix和mailx
yum:
name: postfix,mailx
state: present
- name: start postfix # 启动邮件服务postfix
service:
name: postfix
state: started
enabled: yes
[root@pubserver zabbix]# ansible-playbook 07-config-mail.yml
[root@web1 ~]# for user in user{1..5}
> do
> useradd $user
> done
[root@zabbixserver ~]# mail # 查看邮件
Heirloom Mail version 12.5 7/5/10. Type ? for help.
"/var/spool/mail/root": 2 messages 2 new
>N 1 zzg@tedu.cn Sat Dec 31 16:47 21/932 "Problem: usercnt_gt_50"
N 2 zzg@tedu.cn Sat Dec 31 16:48 21/932 "Problem: usercnt_gt_50"
& 1 # 查看1号邮件
Message 1:
From zzg@tedu.cn Sat Dec 31 16:47:59 2022
Return-Path: <zzg@tedu.cn>
X-Original-To: root@localhost.localdomain
Delivered-To: root@localhost.localdomain
From: <zzg@tedu.cn>
To: <root@localhost.localdomain>
Date: Sat, 31 Dec 2022 16:47:59 +0800
Subject: Problem: usercnt_gt_50
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8"
Status: R
Problem started at 16:47:56 on 2022.12.31
Problem name: usercnt_gt_50
Host: web1
Severity: Warning
Operational data: 51
Original problem ID: 102
& q # 输入q退出
注意上面的Webhook地址,不要泄露,谁拥有此地址,谁就可以控制机器人说话。
# 安装钉钉机器人脚本需要用到的模块
[root@zabbixserver ~]# yum install -y python3-requests
# 编写钉钉机器人脚本
[root@zabbixserver ~]# vim /usr/lib/zabbix/alertscripts/dingalert.py
#!/usr/bin/env python3
import json
import requests
import sys
def send_msg(url, remiders, msg):
headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json; charset=utf-8'}
data = {
"msgtype": "text",
"at": {
"atMobiles": remiders,
"isAtAll": False,
},
"text": {
"content": msg,
}
}
r = requests.post(url, data=json.dumps(data), headers=headers)
return r.text
if __name__ == '__main__':
msg = sys.argv[1]
remiders = []
url = '钉钉机器人Webhook地址' # 注意此处需输入机器人的webhook地址
print(send_msg(url, remiders, msg))
[root@zabbixserver ~]# chmod +x /usr/lib/zabbix/alertscripts/dingalert.py
[root@zabbixserver ~]# /usr/lib/zabbix/alertscripts/dingalert.py 'warn: 测试消息' # 注意消息中要包含关键字warn
{"errcode":0,"errmsg":"ok"}
[root@web1 ~]# for user in user{6..10}; do useradd $user; done
[root@web1 ~]# zabbix_get -s 127.0.0.1 -k usercnt
56
当被监控的设备非常多的时候,手工添加将会变得非常不方便
可以使用自动发现功能,实现添加主机、添加到主机组、 链接模板
自动发现流程:
[root@web2 ~]# vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf
117 Server=127.0.0.1,192.168.88.5
182 Hostname=web2
[root@web2 ~]# systemctl enable zabbix-agent.service --now
[root@web2 ~]# vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf
117 # Server=127.0.0.1,192.168.88.5
142 StartAgents=0
171 ServerActive=192.168.88.5
242 RefreshActiveChecks=120
# 重启服务
[root@web2 ~]# systemctl restart zabbix-agent.service
[root@web2 ~]# ss -tlnp | grep :10050 # 端口号消失
添加元素:
[root@pubserver zabbix]# vim 08-config-nginx.yml
---
- name: config nginx
hosts: webservers
tasks:
- name: install nginx # 安装nginx
yum:
name: nginx
state: present
- name: start nginx # 启动nginx
service:
name: nginx
state: started
enabled: yes
[root@pubserver zabbix]# ansible-playbook 08-config-nginx.yml
# 修改配置文件,启用stub_status功能
[root@web1 ~]# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
...略...
47 location / {
48 }
49
50 location /status { # 在此处添加3行
51 stub_status on;
52 }
53
54 error_page 404 /404.html;
55 location = /40x.html {
56 }
...略...
[root@web1 ~]# systemctl restart nginx
# 访问监控页面
[root@zabbixserver ~]# curl http://192.168.88.100/status
Active connections: 1
server accepts handled requests
2 2 2
Reading: 0 Writing: 1 Waiting: 0
# Active connections:当前客户端与nginx之间的连接数。它等于下面Reading / Writing / Waiting之和
# accepts:自nginx启动之后,客户端访问的总量
# handled:自nginx启动之后,处理过的客户端连接总数,通常等于accepts的值。
# requests:自nginx启动之后,处理过的客户端请求总数。
# Reading:正在读取客户端的连接总数。
# Writing:正在向客户端发送响应的连接总数。
# Waiting:空闲连接。
# 使用工具向服务器发起多个请求
[root@zabbixserver ~]# yum install -y httpd-tools
# 一共发1000个请求,每次并发数200
[root@zabbixserver ~]# ab -n1000 -c200 http://192.168.88.100/
[root@zabbixserver ~]# curl http://192.168.88.100/status
Active connections: 1
server accepts handled requests
1097 1097 1003
Reading: 0 Writing: 1 Waiting: 0
[root@web1 ~]# vim /usr/local/bin/nginx_status.sh
#!/bin/bash
case $1 in
active)
curl -s http://192.168.88.100/status | awk '/Active/{print $NF}';;
waiting)
curl -s http://192.168.88.100/status | awk '/Waiting/{print $NF}';;
accepts)
curl -s http://192.168.88.100/status | awk 'NR==3{print $1}';;
esac
[root@web1 ~]# chmod +x /usr/local/bin/nginx_status.sh
[root@web1 ~]# nginx_status.sh active
1
[root@web1 ~]# nginx_status.sh accepts
1099
[root@web1 ~]# nginx_status.sh waiting
0
# key的语法格式
UserParameter=key[*],<command> $1
# key[*]中的*是参数,将会传给后面的位置变量$1
# 创建声明key的文件
[root@web1 ~]# vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d/nginx_status.conf
UserParameter=nginx_status[*],/usr/local/bin/nginx_status.sh $1
# 测试
[root@web1 ~]# systemctl restart zabbix-agent.service
[root@web1 ~]# zabbix_get -s 127.0.0.1 -k nginx_status[active]
1
[root@web1 ~]# zabbix_get -s 127.0.0.1 -k nginx_status[waiting]
0
[root@web1 ~]# zabbix_get -s 127.0.0.1 -k nginx_status[accepts]
1103
知识点思维导图:https://flowus.cn/share/7875c0e1-ebbd-4dad-aa7e-f40e6ed6c6d3
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