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Docker_docker还能用吗

docker还能用吗

1. 初始Docker

我们写的代码会接触到好几个环境: 开发环境,测试环境以及生产环境:

异常情况

比如开发环境jdk是8,测试用的是7,会导致测试环境下跑不了项目

解决:

用一个容器把"水土"和项目一块带过去,测试环境下直接跑容器就行了,容器下有各种环境

Docker的概念

Docker是基于Go语言实现的云开源项目。

Docker的主要目标是“Build,Ship and Run Any App,Anywhere”,也就是通过对应用组件的封装、分发、部署、运行等生命周期的管理,使用户的APP(可以是一个WEB应用或数据库应用等等)及其运行环境能够做到“一次镜像,处处运行”。

 

 Linux容器技术的出现就解决了这样一个问题,而 Docker 就是在它的基础上发展过来的。将应用打成镜像,通过镜像成为运行在Docker容器上面的实例,而 Docker容器在任何操作系统上都是一致的,这就实现了跨平台、跨服务器。只需要一次配置好环境,换到别的机子上就可以一键部署好,大大简化了操作。

Docker的应用

解决我们项目因环境的不同而无法运行的问题。  

 2. 安装docker

Docker可以运行在MAC、Windows、CentOS、UBUNTU等操作系统上,本文章基于CentOS7安装Docker。官网: https://www.docker.com

  1. # 1、yum包更新到最新--更新centos7系统
  2. yum update
  3. # 2、安装需要的软件包,yum-util提供yum-config-manager功能,另外两个是devicemapper驱动依赖的
  4. yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
  5. # 3、设置yum源--指定docker下载路径
  6. yum-config-manager --add-repo
  7. https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
  8. # 4. 如果访问不到就用这一步
  9. 这是由于国内访问不到docker官方镜像的缘故
  10. 可以通过aliyun的源来完成:
  11. sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo
  12. http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
  13. # 5、安装docker ,出现输入的界面都按y。 ce:社区版【】 ee:企业版【收费】
  14. yum install -y docker-ce
  15. # 6、查看docker版本,验证是否验证成功
  16. docker -v

Docker架构

  • 容器(Container) :Docker 利用容器(Container)独立运行的一个或一组应用。就像是Java中的类和实例对象一样,镜像是静态的定义,容器是镜像运行时的实体。容器为镜像提供了一个标准的和隔离的运行环境,它可以被启动、开始、停止、删除。每个容器都是相互隔离的、保证安全的平台

  • Docker 镜像(Image)就是一个只读的模板。镜像可以用来创建 Docker 容器,一个镜像可以创建很多容器。

  • 仓库(Repository)是集中存放镜像文件的场所。

类似于

Maven仓库,存放各种jar包的地方;

github仓库,存放各种git项目的地方;

Docker公司提供的官方registry被称为Docker Hub,存放各种镜像模板的地方。

仓库分为公开仓库(Public)和私有仓库(Private)两种形式。

最大的公开仓库是 Docker Hub(https://hub.docker.com/),

存放了数量庞大的镜像供用户下载。国内的公开仓库包括阿里云 、网易云等

配置Docker镜像加速器

默认情况下,将来从docker hub (https://hub.docker.com/)上下载docker镜像,太慢。

一般都会配置镜像加速器:

USTC:中科大镜像加速器(https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn)

阿里云 网易云 腾讯云

 

注意粘贴不要粘贴到命令输入里

记得按回车键

查看是否换成阿里云的内容

cat /etc/docker/daemon.json

记得重启docker 不然拉取镜像拉不下来

3. Docker常用命令

3.1 Docker服务相关的命令

建议设置开机开启docker

1.启动docker服务

systemctl start docker

2.关闭docker服务

systemctl stop docker

3. 重启docker服务

systemctl restart docker

4. 开启开机启用docker(即使重新开启centos也不会关闭docker)

systemctl enable docker

5.开启开机禁用docker

systemctl disable docker

6.查看docker状态

systemctl status docker

7. docker的帮助命令两种方式

docker 命令 --help      ----查看命令怎么用

docker --help              ----查看有哪些命令可以用

3.2 Docker镜像的命令

1.查看本地有那些镜像

docker images

2.查看远程仓库的指定镜像

docker search 镜像名

举例:看redis

docker search redis

3.从远程仓库拉取镜像到本地

注意:如果没有拉取下来看看docker配置没配置镜像加速器,配置后有没有重启docker

docker pull 镜像名:版本号        ---如果没有指定版本号,默认就是最新的 latest

举例:拉取redis

docker pull redis

 4.删除本地镜像两种方式

docker  rmi  镜像名:版本号

docker  rmi  镜像名的id

5.删除所有的镜像

docker images -q                                      ---查询所有镜像的id

docker images -q | xargs docker rmi        ---删除所有镜像

6.帮助命令

docker  命令 --help

docker --help               

3.3 Docker容器的命令

1.根据镜像运行容器(创建容器)

docker  run  -it  --name=你起的容器名称  镜像名:版本号  /bin/bash

举例

docker  run  -it  --name=ct1  centos:7  /bin/bash

如果不想创建容器就直接进入容器内部把 it 换成 id

如果不加--name那么会自动给个名字很长,建议自定义取名

表示现在进入了容器

2.退出容器

exit                退出容器---会关闭当前容器。

ctrl+p+q     退出容器---不会关闭容器。

3.查看运行的容器

docker ps

4.查看所有的容器

docker ps -a

5.进入容器

注意:只能进入正在运行的容器

docker  exec  -it   容器id或者容器名  /bin/bash

注意:如果你进入容器后再exit退出,容器不会关闭,

         而一开始运行的容器,exit会关闭容器

6.启动容器

docker  start   容器id或者容器名

7.关闭容器

docker  stop   容器id或者容器名

8.删除容器

只能删除没有运行的容器

docker rm  容器id或者容器名字

9.强制删除容器

docker  rm  -f   容器id或者容器名字

 10.查看容器的日志

容器没有启动之类的可以查看原因

docker   logs   容器id或者容器名字 

11.删除所有容器

docker rm -f $(docker ps -aq)

12.重启容器

docker  restart  容器id或者容器名字 

4.容器的数据卷

4.1 数据卷的概念和作用

dockers容器删除后,容器中产生的数据会丢失,或者容器发生故障也会丢失

 docker容器并且不能直接和外部机器交换文件,只能与宿主机(centos7系统)交换

数据卷的概念

数据卷就是当宿主机(centos7)的一个普通的目录或文件,和容器的目录或文件挂载后就成为了"数据卷"

没有挂载就是普通的文件或目录

4.2 配置数据卷

docker  run  -it  --name=你起的容器名称   -v   宿主机的目录|文件的绝对路径:容器内的目录|文件的绝对路径   软件:版本   /bin/bash

举例

docker run -it --name=c1 -v /usr/app/docker/data01:/usr/app/docker/data01 centos:7 /bin/bash

如果不想创建容器就直接进入容器内部把 it 换成 id

测试是否绑定了

创建数据卷后退出容器到宿主机,宿主机进入刚刚的目录或文件

ctrl+p+q     退出

创建一个任意的文件或目录

进入到容器查看有就绑定成功

编写容器的mv.txt,然后退出看看宿主机有没有变化

发现有容器修改的内容表示可行

即使删除容器c1,再重新创建数据卷c2发现数据还有

配置多个数据卷

run -it --name=c1 -v /usr/app/docker/conf:/usr/app/docker/conf3 -v /usr/app/docker/data999:/usr/app/docker/data999 centos:7 /bin/bash

5.Docker应用部署

5.1安装mysql

1.从远程仓库拉取mysql镜像

docker pull mysql:5.7

2.运行mysql容器

注意:这里不要带 /bin/bash 不然连接不到

docker run -id  -p 宿主机端口:容器的端口 --name=容器名 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=密码  镜像名:版本

举例

docker run -id -p 3307:3306 --name=m01 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 mysql:5.7

-d 只运行不进去

-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD  表示设置root账号的密码

-p  表示设置宿主机的端口与容器内部端口映射

3.外界navicat连接mysql容器

删除容器的时候,去刷新然后删除的时候发现删除不了,需要docker ps -a几下

然后再去刷新删除才能删除成功

4.如果删除容器后,容器内部的数据是否还存在。不存在,必须使用数据卷。

删除容器后再重新启动容器就没有了

数据卷的形式

注意:

宿主机的路径可以自己定义,容器的路径必须要跟下面的路径对应,因为要对应容器mysql的配置路径

docker run -id -p 3307:3306  -v /usr/app/docker/mysql/log:/var/log/mysql -v /usr/app/docker/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql -v /usr/app/docker/mysql/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=qingfengzilai.  --name=mysql70  mysql:5.7

-log     日志的数据

-data   真实的数据

-conf   配置文件的数据

创建后连接Navicat创建一个表测试

删除了重新启动容器发现还在就表示成功了

5.2安装tomcat

1.拉取镜像

docker pull tomcat:9.0

2.运行容器

docker run -id --name=t01 -p 8888:8080 tomcat:9.0

3.测试访问tomcat

 原因:

tomcat容器内部webapps目录 没有 root

tomcat9以后才需要多此步骤

解决:

先进入容器

docker  exec  -it  t01  /bin/bash

webapp.dist里边有

 解决办法

 再次访问

还有一个小细节注意:

如果软件的版本号是8.0又没有拉取镜像,那么会自动拉取镜像并运行,但是tomcat9以后就会有问题

docker run -id --name=t01 -p 8888:8080 tomcat:8.0

 5.3 安装redis

1.1拉取镜像

docker pull redis:6.0

1.2运行容器(简单版)

docker run -id --name=redis6 -p 6666:6379 redis:6.0

1.3连接redis图形化

为了如果想修改redis的配置文件,或者redis重启后数据丢失。就比较麻烦了

2.1 完整版

  1. 创建一个目录 /usr/app/docker/redis 并把redis.conf放入该目录. 之前一定有redis配置文件

  2. 创建一个目录/usr/app/docker/redis/data ---存放redis持久化数据。 dump.rdb

docker run -id --name=r6 -v /usr/app/docker/redis/redis.conf:/usr/redis/redis.conf -v /usr/app/docker/redis/data/:/data -p 6380:6379 redis:6.0 redis-server /usr/redis/redis.conf

 发现没有启动打印一下日志

是因为我的redis.conf是7版本,需要用6的redis.conf,把下面这个粘贴到redis.conf里面保存,或者用7版本

  1. # Redis configuration file example.
  2. #
  3. # Note that in order to read the configuration file, Redis must be
  4. # started with the file path as first argument:
  5. #
  6. # ./redis-server /path/to/redis.conf
  7. # Note on units: when memory size is needed, it is possible to specify
  8. # it in the usual form of 1k 5GB 4M and so forth:
  9. #
  10. # 1k => 1000 bytes
  11. # 1kb => 1024 bytes
  12. # 1m => 1000000 bytes
  13. # 1mb => 1024*1024 bytes
  14. # 1g => 1000000000 bytes
  15. # 1gb => 1024*1024*1024 bytes
  16. #
  17. # units are case insensitive so 1GB 1Gb 1gB are all the same.
  18. ################################## INCLUDES ###################################
  19. # Include one or more other config files here. This is useful if you
  20. # have a standard template that goes to all Redis servers but also need
  21. # to customize a few per-server settings. Include files can include
  22. # other files, so use this wisely.
  23. #
  24. # Notice option "include" won't be rewritten by command "CONFIG REWRITE"
  25. # from admin or Redis Sentinel. Since Redis always uses the last processed
  26. # line as value of a configuration directive, you'd better put includes
  27. # at the beginning of this file to avoid overwriting config change at runtime.
  28. #
  29. # If instead you are interested in using includes to override configuration
  30. # options, it is better to use include as the last line.
  31. #
  32. # include /path/to/local.conf
  33. # include /path/to/other.conf
  34. ################################## MODULES #####################################
  35. # Load modules at startup. If the server is not able to load modules
  36. # it will abort. It is possible to use multiple loadmodule directives.
  37. #
  38. # loadmodule /path/to/my_module.so
  39. # loadmodule /path/to/other_module.so
  40. ################################## NETWORK #####################################
  41. # By default, if no "bind" configuration directive is specified, Redis listens
  42. # for connections from all the network interfaces available on the server.
  43. # It is possible to listen to just one or multiple selected interfaces using
  44. # the "bind" configuration directive, followed by one or more IP addresses.
  45. #
  46. # Examples:
  47. #
  48. # bind 192.168.1.100 10.0.0.1
  49. # bind 127.0.0.1 ::1
  50. #
  51. # ~~~ WARNING ~~~ If the computer running Redis is directly exposed to the
  52. # internet, binding to all the interfaces is dangerous and will expose the
  53. # instance to everybody on the internet. So by default we uncomment the
  54. # following bind directive, that will force Redis to listen only into
  55. # the IPv4 loopback interface address (this means Redis will be able to
  56. # accept connections only from clients running into the same computer it
  57. # is running).
  58. #
  59. # IF YOU ARE SURE YOU WANT YOUR INSTANCE TO LISTEN TO ALL THE INTERFACES
  60. # JUST COMMENT THE FOLLOWING LINE.
  61. # ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
  62. #bind 127.0.0.1
  63. # Protected mode is a layer of security protection, in order to avoid that
  64. # Redis instances left open on the internet are accessed and exploited.
  65. #
  66. # When protected mode is on and if:
  67. #
  68. # 1) The server is not binding explicitly to a set of addresses using the
  69. # "bind" directive.
  70. # 2) No password is configured.
  71. #
  72. # The server only accepts connections from clients connecting from the
  73. # IPv4 and IPv6 loopback addresses 127.0.0.1 and ::1, and from Unix domain
  74. # sockets.
  75. #
  76. # By default protected mode is enabled. You should disable it only if
  77. # you are sure you want clients from other hosts to connect to Redis
  78. # even if no authentication is configured, nor a specific set of interfaces
  79. # are explicitly listed using the "bind" directive.
  80. protected-mode no
  81. # Accept connections on the specified port, default is 6379 (IANA #815344).
  82. # If port 0 is specified Redis will not listen on a TCP socket.
  83. port 6379
  84. # TCP listen() backlog.
  85. #
  86. # In high requests-per-second environments you need an high backlog in order
  87. # to avoid slow clients connections issues. Note that the Linux kernel
  88. # will silently truncate it to the value of /proc/sys/net/core/somaxconn so
  89. # make sure to raise both the value of somaxconn and tcp_max_syn_backlog
  90. # in order to get the desired effect.
  91. tcp-backlog 511
  92. # Unix socket.
  93. #
  94. # Specify the path for the Unix socket that will be used to listen for
  95. # incoming connections. There is no default, so Redis will not listen
  96. # on a unix socket when not specified.
  97. #
  98. # unixsocket /tmp/redis.sock
  99. # unixsocketperm 700
  100. # Close the connection after a client is idle for N seconds (0 to disable)
  101. timeout 0
  102. # TCP keepalive.
  103. #
  104. # If non-zero, use SO_KEEPALIVE to send TCP ACKs to clients in absence
  105. # of communication. This is useful for two reasons:
  106. #
  107. # 1) Detect dead peers.
  108. # 2) Take the connection alive from the point of view of network
  109. # equipment in the middle.
  110. #
  111. # On Linux, the specified value (in seconds) is the period used to send ACKs.
  112. # Note that to close the connection the double of the time is needed.
  113. # On other kernels the period depends on the kernel configuration.
  114. #
  115. # A reasonable value for this option is 300 seconds, which is the new
  116. # Redis default starting with Redis 3.2.1.
  117. tcp-keepalive 300
  118. ################################# GENERAL #####################################
  119. # By default Redis does not run as a daemon. Use 'yes' if you need it.
  120. # Note that Redis will write a pid file in /var/run/redis.pid when daemonized.
  121. daemonize no
  122. # If you run Redis from upstart or systemd, Redis can interact with your
  123. # supervision tree. Options:
  124. # supervised no - no supervision interaction
  125. # supervised upstart - signal upstart by putting Redis into SIGSTOP mode
  126. # supervised systemd - signal systemd by writing READY=1 to $NOTIFY_SOCKET
  127. # supervised auto - detect upstart or systemd method based on
  128. # UPSTART_JOB or NOTIFY_SOCKET environment variables
  129. # Note: these supervision methods only signal "process is ready."
  130. # They do not enable continuous liveness pings back to your supervisor.
  131. supervised no
  132. # If a pid file is specified, Redis writes it where specified at startup
  133. # and removes it at exit.
  134. #
  135. # When the server runs non daemonized, no pid file is created if none is
  136. # specified in the configuration. When the server is daemonized, the pid file
  137. # is used even if not specified, defaulting to "/var/run/redis.pid".
  138. #
  139. # Creating a pid file is best effort: if Redis is not able to create it
  140. # nothing bad happens, the server will start and run normally.
  141. pidfile /var/run/redis_6379.pid
  142. # Specify the server verbosity level.
  143. # This can be one of:
  144. # debug (a lot of information, useful for development/testing)
  145. # verbose (many rarely useful info, but not a mess like the debug level)
  146. # notice (moderately verbose, what you want in production probably)
  147. # warning (only very important / critical messages are logged)
  148. loglevel notice
  149. # Specify the log file name. Also the empty string can be used to force
  150. # Redis to log on the standard output. Note that if you use standard
  151. # output for logging but daemonize, logs will be sent to /dev/null
  152. logfile ""
  153. # To enable logging to the system logger, just set 'syslog-enabled' to yes,
  154. # and optionally update the other syslog parameters to suit your needs.
  155. # syslog-enabled no
  156. # Specify the syslog identity.
  157. # syslog-ident redis
  158. # Specify the syslog facility. Must be USER or between LOCAL0-LOCAL7.
  159. # syslog-facility local0
  160. # Set the number of databases. The default database is DB 0, you can select
  161. # a different one on a per-connection basis using SELECT where
  162. # dbid is a number between 0 and 'databases'-1
  163. databases 16
  164. # By default Redis shows an ASCII art logo only when started to log to the
  165. # standard output and if the standard output is a TTY. Basically this means
  166. # that normally a logo is displayed only in interactive sessions.
  167. #
  168. # However it is possible to force the pre-4.0 behavior and always show a
  169. # ASCII art logo in startup logs by setting the following option to yes.
  170. always-show-logo yes
  171. ################################ SNAPSHOTTING ################################
  172. #
  173. # Save the DB on disk:
  174. #
  175. # save
  176. #
  177. # Will save the DB if both the given number of seconds and the given
  178. # number of write operations against the DB occurred.
  179. #
  180. # In the example below the behaviour will be to save:
  181. # after 900 sec (15 min) if at least 1 key changed
  182. # after 300 sec (5 min) if at least 10 keys changed
  183. # after 60 sec if at least 10000 keys changed
  184. #
  185. # Note: you can disable saving completely by commenting out all "save" lines.
  186. #
  187. # It is also possible to remove all the previously configured save
  188. # points by adding a save directive with a single empty string argument
  189. # like in the following example:
  190. #
  191. # save ""
  192. save 900 1
  193. save 300 10
  194. save 60 10000
  195. # By default Redis will stop accepting writes if RDB snapshots are enabled
  196. # (at least one save point) and the latest background save failed.
  197. # This will make the user aware (in a hard way) that data is not persisting
  198. # on disk properly, otherwise chances are that no one will notice and some
  199. # disaster will happen.
  200. #
  201. # If the background saving process will start working again Redis will
  202. # automatically allow writes again.
  203. #
  204. # However if you have setup your proper monitoring of the Redis server
  205. # and persistence, you may want to disable this feature so that Redis will
  206. # continue to work as usual even if there are problems with disk,
  207. # permissions, and so forth.
  208. stop-writes-on-bgsave-error yes
  209. # Compress string objects using LZF when dump .rdb databases?
  210. # For default that's set to 'yes' as it's almost always a win.
  211. # If you want to save some CPU in the saving child set it to 'no' but
  212. # the dataset will likely be bigger if you have compressible values or keys.
  213. rdbcompression yes
  214. # Since version 5 of RDB a CRC64 checksum is placed at the end of the file.
  215. # This makes the format more resistant to corruption but there is a performance
  216. # hit to pay (around 10%) when saving and loading RDB files, so you can disable it
  217. # for maximum performances.
  218. #
  219. # RDB files created with checksum disabled have a checksum of zero that will
  220. # tell the loading code to skip the check.
  221. rdbchecksum yes
  222. # The filename where to dump the DB
  223. dbfilename dump.rdb
  224. # The working directory.
  225. #
  226. # The DB will be written inside this directory, with the filename specified
  227. # above using the 'dbfilename' configuration directive.
  228. #
  229. # The Append Only File will also be created inside this directory.
  230. #
  231. # Note that you must specify a directory here, not a file name.
  232. dir ./
  233. ################################# REPLICATION #################################
  234. # Master-Replica replication. Use replicaof to make a Redis instance a copy of
  235. # another Redis server. A few things to understand ASAP about Redis replication.
  236. #
  237. # +------------------+ +---------------+
  238. # | Master | ---> | Replica |
  239. # | (receive writes) | | (exact copy) |
  240. # +------------------+ +---------------+
  241. #
  242. # 1) Redis replication is asynchronous, but you can configure a master to
  243. # stop accepting writes if it appears to be not connected with at least
  244. # a given number of replicas.
  245. # 2) Redis replicas are able to perform a partial resynchronization with the
  246. # master if the replication link is lost for a relatively small amount of
  247. # time. You may want to configure the replication backlog size (see the next
  248. # sections of this file) with a sensible value depending on your needs.
  249. # 3) Replication is automatic and does not need user intervention. After a
  250. # network partition replicas automatically try to reconnect to masters
  251. # and resynchronize with them.
  252. #
  253. # replicaof
  254. # If the master is password protected (using the "requirepass" configuration
  255. # directive below) it is possible to tell the replica to authenticate before
  256. # starting the replication synchronization process, otherwise the master will
  257. # refuse the replica request.
  258. #
  259. # masterauth
  260. # When a replica loses its connection with the master, or when the replication
  261. # is still in progress, the replica can act in two different ways:
  262. #
  263. # 1) if replica-serve-stale-data is set to 'yes' (the default) the replica will
  264. # still reply to client requests, possibly with out of date data, or the
  265. # data set may just be empty if this is the first synchronization.
  266. #
  267. # 2) if replica-serve-stale-data is set to 'no' the replica will reply with
  268. # an error "SYNC with master in progress" to all the kind of commands
  269. # but to INFO, replicaOF, AUTH, PING, SHUTDOWN, REPLCONF, ROLE, CONFIG,
  270. # SUBSCRIBE, UNSUBSCRIBE, PSUBSCRIBE, PUNSUBSCRIBE, PUBLISH, PUBSUB,
  271. # COMMAND, POST, HOST: and LATENCY.
  272. #
  273. replica-serve-stale-data yes
  274. # You can configure a replica instance to accept writes or not. Writing against
  275. # a replica instance may be useful to store some ephemeral data (because data
  276. # written on a replica will be easily deleted after resync with the master) but
  277. # may also cause problems if clients are writing to it because of a
  278. # misconfiguration.
  279. #
  280. # Since Redis 2.6 by default replicas are read-only.
  281. #
  282. # Note: read only replicas are not designed to be exposed to untrusted clients
  283. # on the internet. It's just a protection layer against misuse of the instance.
  284. # Still a read only replica exports by default all the administrative commands
  285. # such as CONFIG, DEBUG, and so forth. To a limited extent you can improve
  286. # security of read only replicas using 'rename-command' to shadow all the
  287. # administrative / dangerous commands.
  288. replica-read-only yes
  289. # Replication SYNC strategy: disk or socket.
  290. #
  291. # -------------------------------------------------------
  292. # WARNING: DISKLESS REPLICATION IS EXPERIMENTAL CURRENTLY
  293. # -------------------------------------------------------
  294. #
  295. # New replicas and reconnecting replicas that are not able to continue the replication
  296. # process just receiving differences, need to do what is called a "full
  297. # synchronization". An RDB file is transmitted from the master to the replicas.
  298. # The transmission can happen in two different ways:
  299. #
  300. # 1) Disk-backed: The Redis master creates a new process that writes the RDB
  301. # file on disk. Later the file is transferred by the parent
  302. # process to the replicas incrementally.
  303. # 2) Diskless: The Redis master creates a new process that directly writes the
  304. # RDB file to replica sockets, without touching the disk at all.
  305. #
  306. # With disk-backed replication, while the RDB file is generated, more replicas
  307. # can be queued and served with the RDB file as soon as the current child producing
  308. # the RDB file finishes its work. With diskless replication instead once
  309. # the transfer starts, new replicas arriving will be queued and a new transfer
  310. # will start when the current one terminates.
  311. #
  312. # When diskless replication is used, the master waits a configurable amount of
  313. # time (in seconds) before starting the transfer in the hope that multiple replicas
  314. # will arrive and the transfer can be parallelized.
  315. #
  316. # With slow disks and fast (large bandwidth) networks, diskless replication
  317. # works better.
  318. repl-diskless-sync no
  319. # When diskless replication is enabled, it is possible to configure the delay
  320. # the server waits in order to spawn the child that transfers the RDB via socket
  321. # to the replicas.
  322. #
  323. # This is important since once the transfer starts, it is not possible to serve
  324. # new replicas arriving, that will be queued for the next RDB transfer, so the server
  325. # waits a delay in order to let more replicas arrive.
  326. #
  327. # The delay is specified in seconds, and by default is 5 seconds. To disable
  328. # it entirely just set it to 0 seconds and the transfer will start ASAP.
  329. repl-diskless-sync-delay 5
  330. # Replicas send PINGs to server in a predefined interval. It's possible to change
  331. # this interval with the repl_ping_replica_period option. The default value is 10
  332. # seconds.
  333. #
  334. # repl-ping-replica-period 10
  335. # The following option sets the replication timeout for:
  336. #
  337. # 1) Bulk transfer I/O during SYNC, from the point of view of replica.
  338. # 2) Master timeout from the point of view of replicas (data, pings).
  339. # 3) Replica timeout from the point of view of masters (REPLCONF ACK pings).
  340. #
  341. # It is important to make sure that this value is greater than the value
  342. # specified for repl-ping-replica-period otherwise a timeout will be detected
  343. # every time there is low traffic between the master and the replica.
  344. #
  345. # repl-timeout 60
  346. # Disable TCP_NODELAY on the replica socket after SYNC?
  347. #
  348. # If you select "yes" Redis will use a smaller number of TCP packets and
  349. # less bandwidth to send data to replicas. But this can add a delay for
  350. # the data to appear on the replica side, up to 40 milliseconds with
  351. # Linux kernels using a default configuration.
  352. #
  353. # If you select "no" the delay for data to appear on the replica side will
  354. # be reduced but more bandwidth will be used for replication.
  355. #
  356. # By default we optimize for low latency, but in very high traffic conditions
  357. # or when the master and replicas are many hops away, turning this to "yes" may
  358. # be a good idea.
  359. repl-disable-tcp-nodelay no
  360. # Set the replication backlog size. The backlog is a buffer that accumulates
  361. # replica data when replicas are disconnected for some time, so that when a replica
  362. # wants to reconnect again, often a full resync is not needed, but a partial
  363. # resync is enough, just passing the portion of data the replica missed while
  364. # disconnected.
  365. #
  366. # The bigger the replication backlog, the longer the time the replica can be
  367. # disconnected and later be able to perform a partial resynchronization.
  368. #
  369. # The backlog is only allocated once there is at least a replica connected.
  370. #
  371. # repl-backlog-size 1mb
  372. # After a master has no longer connected replicas for some time, the backlog
  373. # will be freed. The following option configures the amount of seconds that
  374. # need to elapse, starting from the time the last replica disconnected, for
  375. # the backlog buffer to be freed.
  376. #
  377. # Note that replicas never free the backlog for timeout, since they may be
  378. # promoted to masters later, and should be able to correctly "partially
  379. # resynchronize" with the replicas: hence they should always accumulate backlog.
  380. #
  381. # A value of 0 means to never release the backlog.
  382. #
  383. # repl-backlog-ttl 3600
  384. # The replica priority is an integer number published by Redis in the INFO output.
  385. # It is used by Redis Sentinel in order to select a replica to promote into a
  386. # master if the master is no longer working correctly.
  387. #
  388. # A replica with a low priority number is considered better for promotion, so
  389. # for instance if there are three replicas with priority 10, 100, 25 Sentinel will
  390. # pick the one with priority 10, that is the lowest.
  391. #
  392. # However a special priority of 0 marks the replica as not able to perform the
  393. # role of master, so a replica with priority of 0 will never be selected by
  394. # Redis Sentinel for promotion.
  395. #
  396. # By default the priority is 100.
  397. replica-priority 100
  398. # It is possible for a master to stop accepting writes if there are less than
  399. # N replicas connected, having a lag less or equal than M seconds.
  400. #
  401. # The N replicas need to be in "online" state.
  402. #
  403. # The lag in seconds, that must be
  404. # the last ping received from the replica, that is usually sent every second.
  405. #
  406. # This option does not GUARANTEE that N replicas will accept the write, but
  407. # will limit the window of exposure for lost writes in case not enough replicas
  408. # are available, to the specified number of seconds.
  409. #
  410. # For example to require at least 3 replicas with a lag
  411. #
  412. # min-replicas-to-write 3
  413. # min-replicas-max-lag 10
  414. #
  415. # Setting one or the other to 0 disables the feature.
  416. #
  417. # By default min-replicas-to-write is set to 0 (feature disabled) and
  418. # min-replicas-max-lag is set to 10.
  419. # A Redis master is able to list the address and port of the attached
  420. # replicas in different ways. For example the "INFO replication" section
  421. # offers this information, which is used, among other tools, by
  422. # Redis Sentinel in order to discover replica instances.
  423. # Another place where this info is available is in the output of the
  424. # "ROLE" command of a master.
  425. #
  426. # The listed IP and address normally reported by a replica is obtained
  427. # in the following way:
  428. #
  429. # IP: The address is auto detected by checking the peer address
  430. # of the socket used by the replica to connect with the master.
  431. #
  432. # Port: The port is communicated by the replica during the replication
  433. # handshake, and is normally the port that the replica is using to
  434. # listen for connections.
  435. #
  436. # However when port forwarding or Network Address Translation (NAT) is
  437. # used, the replica may be actually reachable via different IP and port
  438. # pairs. The following two options can be used by a replica in order to
  439. # report to its master a specific set of IP and port, so that both INFO
  440. # and ROLE will report those values.
  441. #
  442. # There is no need to use both the options if you need to override just
  443. # the port or the IP address.
  444. #
  445. # replica-announce-ip 5.5.5.5
  446. # replica-announce-port 1234
  447. ################################## SECURITY ###################################
  448. # Require clients to issue AUTH before processing any other
  449. # commands. This might be useful in environments in which you do not trust
  450. # others with access to the host running redis-server.
  451. #
  452. # This should stay commented out for backward compatibility and because most
  453. # people do not need auth (e.g. they run their own servers).
  454. #
  455. # Warning: since Redis is pretty fast an outside user can try up to
  456. # 150k passwords per second against a good box. This means that you should
  457. # use a very strong password otherwise it will be very easy to break.
  458. #
  459. # requirepass foobared
  460. # Command renaming.
  461. #
  462. # It is possible to change the name of dangerous commands in a shared
  463. # environment. For instance the CONFIG command may be renamed into something
  464. # hard to guess so that it will still be available for internal-use tools
  465. # but not available for general clients.
  466. #
  467. # Example:
  468. #
  469. # rename-command CONFIG b840fc02d524045429941cc15f59e41cb7be6c52
  470. #
  471. # It is also possible to completely kill a command by renaming it into
  472. # an empty string:
  473. #
  474. # rename-command CONFIG ""
  475. #
  476. # Please note that changing the name of commands that are logged into the
  477. # AOF file or transmitted to replicas may cause problems.
  478. ################################### CLIENTS ####################################
  479. # Set the max number of connected clients at the same time. By default
  480. # this limit is set to 10000 clients, however if the Redis server is not
  481. # able to configure the process file limit to allow for the specified limit
  482. # the max number of allowed clients is set to the current file limit
  483. # minus 32 (as Redis reserves a few file descriptors for internal uses).
  484. #
  485. # Once the limit is reached Redis will close all the new connections sending
  486. # an error 'max number of clients reached'.
  487. #
  488. # maxclients 10000
  489. ############################## MEMORY MANAGEMENT ################################
  490. # Set a memory usage limit to the specified amount of bytes.
  491. # When the memory limit is reached Redis will try to remove keys
  492. # according to the eviction policy selected (see maxmemory-policy).
  493. #
  494. # If Redis can't remove keys according to the policy, or if the policy is
  495. # set to 'noeviction', Redis will start to reply with errors to commands
  496. # that would use more memory, like SET, LPUSH, and so on, and will continue
  497. # to reply to read-only commands like GET.
  498. #
  499. # This option is usually useful when using Redis as an LRU or LFU cache, or to
  500. # set a hard memory limit for an instance (using the 'noeviction' policy).
  501. #
  502. # WARNING: If you have replicas attached to an instance with maxmemory on,
  503. # the size of the output buffers needed to feed the replicas are subtracted
  504. # from the used memory count, so that network problems / resyncs will
  505. # not trigger a loop where keys are evicted, and in turn the output
  506. # buffer of replicas is full with DELs of keys evicted triggering the deletion
  507. # of more keys, and so forth until the database is completely emptied.
  508. #
  509. # In short... if you have replicas attached it is suggested that you set a lower
  510. # limit for maxmemory so that there is some free RAM on the system for replica
  511. # output buffers (but this is not needed if the policy is 'noeviction').
  512. #
  513. # maxmemory
  514. # MAXMEMORY POLICY: how Redis will select what to remove when maxmemory
  515. # is reached. You can select among five behaviors:
  516. #
  517. # volatile-lru -> Evict using approximated LRU among the keys with an expire set.
  518. # allkeys-lru -> Evict any key using approximated LRU.
  519. # volatile-lfu -> Evict using approximated LFU among the keys with an expire set.
  520. # allkeys-lfu -> Evict any key using approximated LFU.
  521. # volatile-random -> Remove a random key among the ones with an expire set.
  522. # allkeys-random -> Remove a random key, any key.
  523. # volatile-ttl -> Remove the key with the nearest expire time (minor TTL)
  524. # noeviction -> Don't evict anything, just return an error on write operations.
  525. #
  526. # LRU means Least Recently Used
  527. # LFU means Least Frequently Used
  528. #
  529. # Both LRU, LFU and volatile-ttl are implemented using approximated
  530. # randomized algorithms.
  531. #
  532. # Note: with any of the above policies, Redis will return an error on write
  533. # operations, when there are no suitable keys for eviction.
  534. #
  535. # At the date of writing these commands are: set setnx setex append
  536. # incr decr rpush lpush rpushx lpushx linsert lset rpoplpush sadd
  537. # sinter sinterstore sunion sunionstore sdiff sdiffstore zadd zincrby
  538. # zunionstore zinterstore hset hsetnx hmset hincrby incrby decrby
  539. # getset mset msetnx exec sort
  540. #
  541. # The default is:
  542. #
  543. # maxmemory-policy noeviction
  544. # LRU, LFU and minimal TTL algorithms are not precise algorithms but approximated
  545. # algorithms (in order to save memory), so you can tune it for speed or
  546. # accuracy. For default Redis will check five keys and pick the one that was
  547. # used less recently, you can change the sample size using the following
  548. # configuration directive.
  549. #
  550. # The default of 5 produces good enough results. 10 Approximates very closely
  551. # true LRU but costs more CPU. 3 is faster but not very accurate.
  552. #
  553. # maxmemory-samples 5
  554. # Starting from Redis 5, by default a replica will ignore its maxmemory setting
  555. # (unless it is promoted to master after a failover or manually). It means
  556. # that the eviction of keys will be just handled by the master, sending the
  557. # DEL commands to the replica as keys evict in the master side.
  558. #
  559. # This behavior ensures that masters and replicas stay consistent, and is usually
  560. # what you want, however if your replica is writable, or you want the replica to have
  561. # a different memory setting, and you are sure all the writes performed to the
  562. # replica are idempotent, then you may change this default (but be sure to understand
  563. # what you are doing).
  564. #
  565. # Note that since the replica by default does not evict, it may end using more
  566. # memory than the one set via maxmemory (there are certain buffers that may
  567. # be larger on the replica, or data structures may sometimes take more memory and so
  568. # forth). So make sure you monitor your replicas and make sure they have enough
  569. # memory to never hit a real out-of-memory condition before the master hits
  570. # the configured maxmemory setting.
  571. #
  572. # replica-ignore-maxmemory yes
  573. ############################# LAZY FREEING ####################################
  574. # Redis has two primitives to delete keys. One is called DEL and is a blocking
  575. # deletion of the object. It means that the server stops processing new commands
  576. # in order to reclaim all the memory associated with an object in a synchronous
  577. # way. If the key deleted is associated with a small object, the time needed
  578. # in order to execute the DEL command is very small and comparable to most other
  579. # O(1) or O(log_N) commands in Redis. However if the key is associated with an
  580. # aggregated value containing millions of elements, the server can block for
  581. # a long time (even seconds) in order to complete the operation.
  582. #
  583. # For the above reasons Redis also offers non blocking deletion primitives
  584. # such as UNLINK (non blocking DEL) and the ASYNC option of FLUSHALL and
  585. # FLUSHDB commands, in order to reclaim memory in background. Those commands
  586. # are executed in constant time. Another thread will incrementally free the
  587. # object in the background as fast as possible.
  588. #
  589. # DEL, UNLINK and ASYNC option of FLUSHALL and FLUSHDB are user-controlled.
  590. # It's up to the design of the application to understand when it is a good
  591. # idea to use one or the other. However the Redis server sometimes has to
  592. # delete keys or flush the whole database as a side effect of other operations.
  593. # Specifically Redis deletes objects independently of a user call in the
  594. # following scenarios:
  595. #
  596. # 1) On eviction, because of the maxmemory and maxmemory policy configurations,
  597. # in order to make room for new data, without going over the specified
  598. # memory limit.
  599. # 2) Because of expire: when a key with an associated time to live (see the
  600. # EXPIRE command) must be deleted from memory.
  601. # 3) Because of a side effect of a command that stores data on a key that may
  602. # already exist. For example the RENAME command may delete the old key
  603. # content when it is replaced with another one. Similarly SUNIONSTORE
  604. # or SORT with STORE option may delete existing keys. The SET command
  605. # itself removes any old content of the specified key in order to replace
  606. # it with the specified string.
  607. # 4) During replication, when a replica performs a full resynchronization with
  608. # its master, the content of the whole database is removed in order to
  609. # load the RDB file just transferred.
  610. #
  611. # In all the above cases the default is to delete objects in a blocking way,
  612. # like if DEL was called. However you can configure each case specifically
  613. # in order to instead release memory in a non-blocking way like if UNLINK
  614. # was called, using the following configuration directives:
  615. lazyfree-lazy-eviction no
  616. lazyfree-lazy-expire no
  617. lazyfree-lazy-server-del no
  618. replica-lazy-flush no
  619. ############################## APPEND ONLY MODE ###############################
  620. # By default Redis asynchronously dumps the dataset on disk. This mode is
  621. # good enough in many applications, but an issue with the Redis process or
  622. # a power outage may result into a few minutes of writes lost (depending on
  623. # the configured save points).
  624. #
  625. # The Append Only File is an alternative persistence mode that provides
  626. # much better durability. For instance using the default data fsync policy
  627. # (see later in the config file) Redis can lose just one second of writes in a
  628. # dramatic event like a server power outage, or a single write if something
  629. # wrong with the Redis process itself happens, but the operating system is
  630. # still running correctly.
  631. #
  632. # AOF and RDB persistence can be enabled at the same time without problems.
  633. # If the AOF is enabled on startup Redis will load the AOF, that is the file
  634. # with the better durability guarantees.
  635. #
  636. # Please check http://redis.io/topics/persistence for more information.
  637. appendonly no
  638. # The name of the append only file (default: "appendonly.aof")
  639. appendfilename "appendonly.aof"
  640. # The fsync() call tells the Operating System to actually write data on disk
  641. # instead of waiting for more data in the output buffer. Some OS will really flush
  642. # data on disk, some other OS will just try to do it ASAP.
  643. #
  644. # Redis supports three different modes:
  645. #
  646. # no: don't fsync, just let the OS flush the data when it wants. Faster.
  647. # always: fsync after every write to the append only log. Slow, Safest.
  648. # everysec: fsync only one time every second. Compromise.
  649. #
  650. # The default is "everysec", as that's usually the right compromise between
  651. # speed and data safety. It's up to you to understand if you can relax this to
  652. # "no" that will let the operating system flush the output buffer when
  653. # it wants, for better performances (but if you can live with the idea of
  654. # some data loss consider the default persistence mode that's snapshotting),
  655. # or on the contrary, use "always" that's very slow but a bit safer than
  656. # everysec.
  657. #
  658. # More details please check the following article:
  659. # http://antirez.com/post/redis-persistence-demystified.html
  660. #
  661. # If unsure, use "everysec".
  662. # appendfsync always
  663. appendfsync everysec
  664. # appendfsync no
  665. # When the AOF fsync policy is set to always or everysec, and a background
  666. # saving process (a background save or AOF log background rewriting) is
  667. # performing a lot of I/O against the disk, in some Linux configurations
  668. # Redis may block too long on the fsync() call. Note that there is no fix for
  669. # this currently, as even performing fsync in a different thread will block
  670. # our synchronous write(2) call.
  671. #
  672. # In order to mitigate this problem it's possible to use the following option
  673. # that will prevent fsync() from being called in the main process while a
  674. # BGSAVE or BGREWRITEAOF is in progress.
  675. #
  676. # This means that while another child is saving, the durability of Redis is
  677. # the same as "appendfsync none". In practical terms, this means that it is
  678. # possible to lose up to 30 seconds of log in the worst scenario (with the
  679. # default Linux settings).
  680. #
  681. # If you have latency problems turn this to "yes". Otherwise leave it as
  682. # "no" that is the safest pick from the point of view of durability.
  683. no-appendfsync-on-rewrite no
  684. # Automatic rewrite of the append only file.
  685. # Redis is able to automatically rewrite the log file implicitly calling
  686. # BGREWRITEAOF when the AOF log size grows by the specified percentage.
  687. #
  688. # This is how it works: Redis remembers the size of the AOF file after the
  689. # latest rewrite (if no rewrite has happened since the restart, the size of
  690. # the AOF at startup is used).
  691. #
  692. # This base size is compared to the current size. If the current size is
  693. # bigger than the specified percentage, the rewrite is triggered. Also
  694. # you need to specify a minimal size for the AOF file to be rewritten, this
  695. # is useful to avoid rewriting the AOF file even if the percentage increase
  696. # is reached but it is still pretty small.
  697. #
  698. # Specify a percentage of zero in order to disable the automatic AOF
  699. # rewrite feature.
  700. auto-aof-rewrite-percentage 100
  701. auto-aof-rewrite-min-size 64mb
  702. # An AOF file may be found to be truncated at the end during the Redis
  703. # startup process, when the AOF data gets loaded back into memory.
  704. # This may happen when the system where Redis is running
  705. # crashes, especially when an ext4 filesystem is mounted without the
  706. # data=ordered option (however this can't happen when Redis itself
  707. # crashes or aborts but the operating system still works correctly).
  708. #
  709. # Redis can either exit with an error when this happens, or load as much
  710. # data as possible (the default now) and start if the AOF file is found
  711. # to be truncated at the end. The following option controls this behavior.
  712. #
  713. # If aof-load-truncated is set to yes, a truncated AOF file is loaded and
  714. # the Redis server starts emitting a log to inform the user of the event.
  715. # Otherwise if the option is set to no, the server aborts with an error
  716. # and refuses to start. When the option is set to no, the user requires
  717. # to fix the AOF file using the "redis-check-aof" utility before to restart
  718. # the server.
  719. #
  720. # Note that if the AOF file will be found to be corrupted in the middle
  721. # the server will still exit with an error. This option only applies when
  722. # Redis will try to read more data from the AOF file but not enough bytes
  723. # will be found.
  724. aof-load-truncated yes
  725. # When rewriting the AOF file, Redis is able to use an RDB preamble in the
  726. # AOF file for faster rewrites and recoveries. When this option is turned
  727. # on the rewritten AOF file is composed of two different stanzas:
  728. #
  729. # [RDB file][AOF tail]
  730. #
  731. # When loading Redis recognizes that the AOF file starts with the "REDIS"
  732. # string and loads the prefixed RDB file, and continues loading the AOF
  733. # tail.
  734. aof-use-rdb-preamble yes
  735. ################################ LUA SCRIPTING ###############################
  736. # Max execution time of a Lua script in milliseconds.
  737. #
  738. # If the maximum execution time is reached Redis will log that a script is
  739. # still in execution after the maximum allowed time and will start to
  740. # reply to queries with an error.
  741. #
  742. # When a long running script exceeds the maximum execution time only the
  743. # SCRIPT KILL and SHUTDOWN NOSAVE commands are available. The first can be
  744. # used to stop a script that did not yet called write commands. The second
  745. # is the only way to shut down the server in the case a write command was
  746. # already issued by the script but the user doesn't want to wait for the natural
  747. # termination of the script.
  748. #
  749. # Set it to 0 or a negative value for unlimited execution without warnings.
  750. lua-time-limit 5000
  751. ################################ REDIS CLUSTER ###############################
  752. # Normal Redis instances can't be part of a Redis Cluster; only nodes that are
  753. # started as cluster nodes can. In order to start a Redis instance as a
  754. # cluster node enable the cluster support uncommenting the following:
  755. #
  756. # cluster-enabled yes
  757. # Every cluster node has a cluster configuration file. This file is not
  758. # intended to be edited by hand. It is created and updated by Redis nodes.
  759. # Every Redis Cluster node requires a different cluster configuration file.
  760. # Make sure that instances running in the same system do not have
  761. # overlapping cluster configuration file names.
  762. #
  763. # cluster-config-file nodes-6379.conf
  764. # Cluster node timeout is the amount of milliseconds a node must be unreachable
  765. # for it to be considered in failure state.
  766. # Most other internal time limits are multiple of the node timeout.
  767. #
  768. # cluster-node-timeout 15000
  769. # A replica of a failing master will avoid to start a failover if its data
  770. # looks too old.
  771. #
  772. # There is no simple way for a replica to actually have an exact measure of
  773. # its "data age", so the following two checks are performed:
  774. #
  775. # 1) If there are multiple replicas able to failover, they exchange messages
  776. # in order to try to give an advantage to the replica with the best
  777. # replication offset (more data from the master processed).
  778. # Replicas will try to get their rank by offset, and apply to the start
  779. # of the failover a delay proportional to their rank.
  780. #
  781. # 2) Every single replica computes the time of the last interaction with
  782. # its master. This can be the last ping or command received (if the master
  783. # is still in the "connected" state), or the time that elapsed since the
  784. # disconnection with the master (if the replication link is currently down).
  785. # If the last interaction is too old, the replica will not try to failover
  786. # at all.
  787. #
  788. # The point "2" can be tuned by user. Specifically a replica will not perform
  789. # the failover if, since the last interaction with the master, the time
  790. # elapsed is greater than:
  791. #
  792. # (node-timeout * replica-validity-factor) + repl-ping-replica-period
  793. #
  794. # So for example if node-timeout is 30 seconds, and the replica-validity-factor
  795. # is 10, and assuming a default repl-ping-replica-period of 10 seconds, the
  796. # replica will not try to failover if it was not able to talk with the master
  797. # for longer than 310 seconds.
  798. #
  799. # A large replica-validity-factor may allow replicas with too old data to failover
  800. # a master, while a too small value may prevent the cluster from being able to
  801. # elect a replica at all.
  802. #
  803. # For maximum availability, it is possible to set the replica-validity-factor
  804. # to a value of 0, which means, that replicas will always try to failover the
  805. # master regardless of the last time they interacted with the master.
  806. # (However they'll always try to apply a delay proportional to their
  807. # offset rank).
  808. #
  809. # Zero is the only value able to guarantee that when all the partitions heal
  810. # the cluster will always be able to continue.
  811. #
  812. # cluster-replica-validity-factor 10
  813. # Cluster replicas are able to migrate to orphaned masters, that are masters
  814. # that are left without working replicas. This improves the cluster ability
  815. # to resist to failures as otherwise an orphaned master can't be failed over
  816. # in case of failure if it has no working replicas.
  817. #
  818. # Replicas migrate to orphaned masters only if there are still at least a
  819. # given number of other working replicas for their old master. This number
  820. # is the "migration barrier". A migration barrier of 1 means that a replica
  821. # will migrate only if there is at least 1 other working replica for its master
  822. # and so forth. It usually reflects the number of replicas you want for every
  823. # master in your cluster.
  824. #
  825. # Default is 1 (replicas migrate only if their masters remain with at least
  826. # one replica). To disable migration just set it to a very large value.
  827. # A value of 0 can be set but is useful only for debugging and dangerous
  828. # in production.
  829. #
  830. # cluster-migration-barrier 1
  831. # By default Redis Cluster nodes stop accepting queries if they detect there
  832. # is at least an hash slot uncovered (no available node is serving it).
  833. # This way if the cluster is partially down (for example a range of hash slots
  834. # are no longer covered) all the cluster becomes, eventually, unavailable.
  835. # It automatically returns available as soon as all the slots are covered again.
  836. #
  837. # However sometimes you want the subset of the cluster which is working,
  838. # to continue to accept queries for the part of the key space that is still
  839. # covered. In order to do so, just set the cluster-require-full-coverage
  840. # option to no.
  841. #
  842. # cluster-require-full-coverage yes
  843. # This option, when set to yes, prevents replicas from trying to failover its
  844. # master during master failures. However the master can still perform a
  845. # manual failover, if forced to do so.
  846. #
  847. # This is useful in different scenarios, especially in the case of multiple
  848. # data center operations, where we want one side to never be promoted if not
  849. # in the case of a total DC failure.
  850. #
  851. # cluster-replica-no-failover no
  852. # In order to setup your cluster make sure to read the documentation
  853. # available at http://redis.io web site.
  854. ########################## CLUSTER DOCKER/NAT support ########################
  855. # In certain deployments, Redis Cluster nodes address discovery fails, because
  856. # addresses are NAT-ted or because ports are forwarded (the typical case is
  857. # Docker and other containers).
  858. #
  859. # In order to make Redis Cluster working in such environments, a static
  860. # configuration where each node knows its public address is needed. The
  861. # following two options are used for this scope, and are:
  862. #
  863. # * cluster-announce-ip
  864. # * cluster-announce-port
  865. # * cluster-announce-bus-port
  866. #
  867. # Each instruct the node about its address, client port, and cluster message
  868. # bus port. The information is then published in the header of the bus packets
  869. # so that other nodes will be able to correctly map the address of the node
  870. # publishing the information.
  871. #
  872. # If the above options are not used, the normal Redis Cluster auto-detection
  873. # will be used instead.
  874. #
  875. # Note that when remapped, the bus port may not be at the fixed offset of
  876. # clients port + 10000, so you can specify any port and bus-port depending
  877. # on how they get remapped. If the bus-port is not set, a fixed offset of
  878. # 10000 will be used as usually.
  879. #
  880. # Example:
  881. #
  882. # cluster-announce-ip 10.1.1.5
  883. # cluster-announce-port 6379
  884. # cluster-announce-bus-port 6380
  885. ################################## SLOW LOG ###################################
  886. # The Redis Slow Log is a system to log queries that exceeded a specified
  887. # execution time. The execution time does not include the I/O operations
  888. # like talking with the client, sending the reply and so forth,
  889. # but just the time needed to actually execute the command (this is the only
  890. # stage of command execution where the thread is blocked and can not serve
  891. # other requests in the meantime).
  892. #
  893. # You can configure the slow log with two parameters: one tells Redis
  894. # what is the execution time, in microseconds, to exceed in order for the
  895. # command to get logged, and the other parameter is the length of the
  896. # slow log. When a new command is logged the oldest one is removed from the
  897. # queue of logged commands.
  898. # The following time is expressed in microseconds, so 1000000 is equivalent
  899. # to one second. Note that a negative number disables the slow log, while
  900. # a value of zero forces the logging of every command.
  901. slowlog-log-slower-than 10000
  902. # There is no limit to this length. Just be aware that it will consume memory.
  903. # You can reclaim memory used by the slow log with SLOWLOG RESET.
  904. slowlog-max-len 128
  905. ################################ LATENCY MONITOR ##############################
  906. # The Redis latency monitoring subsystem samples different operations
  907. # at runtime in order to collect data related to possible sources of
  908. # latency of a Redis instance.
  909. #
  910. # Via the LATENCY command this information is available to the user that can
  911. # print graphs and obtain reports.
  912. #
  913. # The system only logs operations that were performed in a time equal or
  914. # greater than the amount of milliseconds specified via the
  915. # latency-monitor-threshold configuration directive. When its value is set
  916. # to zero, the latency monitor is turned off.
  917. #
  918. # By default latency monitoring is disabled since it is mostly not needed
  919. # if you don't have latency issues, and collecting data has a performance
  920. # impact, that while very small, can be measured under big load. Latency
  921. # monitoring can easily be enabled at runtime using the command
  922. # "CONFIG SET latency-monitor-threshold " if needed.
  923. latency-monitor-threshold 0
  924. ############################# EVENT NOTIFICATION ##############################
  925. # Redis can notify Pub/Sub clients about events happening in the key space.
  926. # This feature is documented at http://redis.io/topics/notifications
  927. #
  928. # For instance if keyspace events notification is enabled, and a client
  929. # performs a DEL operation on key "foo" stored in the Database 0, two
  930. # messages will be published via Pub/Sub:
  931. #
  932. # PUBLISH __keyspace@0__:foo del
  933. # PUBLISH __keyevent@0__:del foo
  934. #
  935. # It is possible to select the events that Redis will notify among a set
  936. # of classes. Every class is identified by a single character:
  937. #
  938. # K Keyspace events, published with __keyspace@__ prefix.
  939. # E Keyevent events, published with __keyevent@__ prefix.
  940. # g Generic commands (non-type specific) like DEL, EXPIRE, RENAME, ...
  941. # $ String commands
  942. # l List commands
  943. # s Set commands
  944. # h Hash commands
  945. # z Sorted set commands
  946. # x Expired events (events generated every time a key expires)
  947. # e Evicted events (events generated when a key is evicted for maxmemory)
  948. # A Alias for g$lshzxe, so that the "AKE" string means all the events.
  949. #
  950. # The "notify-keyspace-events" takes as argument a string that is composed
  951. # of zero or multiple characters. The empty string means that notifications
  952. # are disabled.
  953. #
  954. # Example: to enable list and generic events, from the point of view of the
  955. # event name, use:
  956. #
  957. # notify-keyspace-events Elg
  958. #
  959. # Example 2: to get the stream of the expired keys subscribing to channel
  960. # name __keyevent@0__:expired use:
  961. #
  962. notify-keyspace-events Ex
  963. #
  964. # By default all notifications are disabled because most users don't need
  965. # this feature and the feature has some overhead. Note that if you don't
  966. # specify at least one of K or E, no events will be delivered.
  967. #notify-keyspace-events ""
  968. ############################### ADVANCED CONFIG ###############################
  969. # Hashes are encoded using a memory efficient data structure when they have a
  970. # small number of entries, and the biggest entry does not exceed a given
  971. # threshold. These thresholds can be configured using the following directives.
  972. hash-max-ziplist-entries 512
  973. hash-max-ziplist-value 64
  974. # Lists are also encoded in a special way to save a lot of space.
  975. # The number of entries allowed per internal list node can be specified
  976. # as a fixed maximum size or a maximum number of elements.
  977. # For a fixed maximum size, use -5 through -1, meaning:
  978. # -5: max size: 64 Kb
  979. # -4: max size: 32 Kb
  980. # -3: max size: 16 Kb
  981. # -2: max size: 8 Kb
  982. # -1: max size: 4 Kb
  983. # Positive numbers mean store up to _exactly_ that number of elements
  984. # per list node.
  985. # The highest performing option is usually -2 (8 Kb size) or -1 (4 Kb size),
  986. # but if your use case is unique, adjust the settings as necessary.
  987. list-max-ziplist-size -2
  988. # Lists may also be compressed.
  989. # Compress depth is the number of quicklist ziplist nodes from *each* side of
  990. # the list to *exclude* from compression. The head and tail of the list
  991. # are always uncompressed for fast push/pop operations. Settings are:
  992. # 0: disable all list compression
  993. # 1: depth 1 means "don't start compressing until after 1 node into the list,
  994. # going from either the head or tail"
  995. # So: [head]->node->node->...->node->[tail]
  996. # [head], [tail] will always be uncompressed; inner nodes will compress.
  997. # 2: [head]->[next]->node->node->...->node->[prev]->[tail]
  998. # 2 here means: don't compress head or head->next or tail->prev or tail,
  999. # but compress all nodes between them.
  1000. # 3: [head]->[next]->[next]->node->node->...->node->[prev]->[prev]->[tail]
  1001. # etc.
  1002. list-compress-depth 0
  1003. # Sets have a special encoding in just one case: when a set is composed
  1004. # of just strings that happen to be integers in radix 10 in the range
  1005. # of 64 bit signed integers.
  1006. # The following configuration setting sets the limit in the size of the
  1007. # set in order to use this special memory saving encoding.
  1008. set-max-intset-entries 512
  1009. # Similarly to hashes and lists, sorted sets are also specially encoded in
  1010. # order to save a lot of space. This encoding is only used when the length and
  1011. # elements of a sorted set are below the following limits:
  1012. zset-max-ziplist-entries 128
  1013. zset-max-ziplist-value 64
  1014. # HyperLogLog sparse representation bytes limit. The limit includes the
  1015. # 16 bytes header. When an HyperLogLog using the sparse representation crosses
  1016. # this limit, it is converted into the dense representation.
  1017. #
  1018. # A value greater than 16000 is totally useless, since at that point the
  1019. # dense representation is more memory efficient.
  1020. #
  1021. # The suggested value is ~ 3000 in order to have the benefits of
  1022. # the space efficient encoding without slowing down too much PFADD,
  1023. # which is O(N) with the sparse encoding. The value can be raised to
  1024. # ~ 10000 when CPU is not a concern, but space is, and the data set is
  1025. # composed of many HyperLogLogs with cardinality in the 0 - 15000 range.
  1026. hll-sparse-max-bytes 3000
  1027. # Streams macro node max size / items. The stream data structure is a radix
  1028. # tree of big nodes that encode multiple items inside. Using this configuration
  1029. # it is possible to configure how big a single node can be in bytes, and the
  1030. # maximum number of items it may contain before switching to a new node when
  1031. # appending new stream entries. If any of the following settings are set to
  1032. # zero, the limit is ignored, so for instance it is possible to set just a
  1033. # max entires limit by setting max-bytes to 0 and max-entries to the desired
  1034. # value.
  1035. stream-node-max-bytes 4096
  1036. stream-node-max-entries 100
  1037. # Active rehashing uses 1 millisecond every 100 milliseconds of CPU time in
  1038. # order to help rehashing the main Redis hash table (the one mapping top-level
  1039. # keys to values). The hash table implementation Redis uses (see dict.c)
  1040. # performs a lazy rehashing: the more operation you run into a hash table
  1041. # that is rehashing, the more rehashing "steps" are performed, so if the
  1042. # server is idle the rehashing is never complete and some more memory is used
  1043. # by the hash table.
  1044. #
  1045. # The default is to use this millisecond 10 times every second in order to
  1046. # actively rehash the main dictionaries, freeing memory when possible.
  1047. #
  1048. # If unsure:
  1049. # use "activerehashing no" if you have hard latency requirements and it is
  1050. # not a good thing in your environment that Redis can reply from time to time
  1051. # to queries with 2 milliseconds delay.
  1052. #
  1053. # use "activerehashing yes" if you don't have such hard requirements but
  1054. # want to free memory asap when possible.
  1055. activerehashing yes
  1056. # The client output buffer limits can be used to force disconnection of clients
  1057. # that are not reading data from the server fast enough for some reason (a
  1058. # common reason is that a Pub/Sub client can't consume messages as fast as the
  1059. # publisher can produce them).
  1060. #
  1061. # The limit can be set differently for the three different classes of clients:
  1062. #
  1063. # normal -> normal clients including MONITOR clients
  1064. # replica -> replica clients
  1065. # pubsub -> clients subscribed to at least one pubsub channel or pattern
  1066. #
  1067. # The syntax of every client-output-buffer-limit directive is the following:
  1068. #
  1069. # client-output-buffer-limit
  1070. #
  1071. # A client is immediately disconnected once the hard limit is reached, or if
  1072. # the soft limit is reached and remains reached for the specified number of
  1073. # seconds (continuously).
  1074. # So for instance if the hard limit is 32 megabytes and the soft limit is
  1075. # 16 megabytes / 10 seconds, the client will get disconnected immediately
  1076. # if the size of the output buffers reach 32 megabytes, but will also get
  1077. # disconnected if the client reaches 16 megabytes and continuously overcomes
  1078. # the limit for 10 seconds.
  1079. #
  1080. # By default normal clients are not limited because they don't receive data
  1081. # without asking (in a push way), but just after a request, so only
  1082. # asynchronous clients may create a scenario where data is requested faster
  1083. # than it can read.
  1084. #
  1085. # Instead there is a default limit for pubsub and replica clients, since
  1086. # subscribers and replicas receive data in a push fashion.
  1087. #
  1088. # Both the hard or the soft limit can be disabled by setting them to zero.
  1089. client-output-buffer-limit normal 0 0 0
  1090. client-output-buffer-limit replica 256mb 64mb 60
  1091. client-output-buffer-limit pubsub 32mb 8mb 60
  1092. # Client query buffers accumulate new commands. They are limited to a fixed
  1093. # amount by default in order to avoid that a protocol desynchronization (for
  1094. # instance due to a bug in the client) will lead to unbound memory usage in
  1095. # the query buffer. However you can configure it here if you have very special
  1096. # needs, such us huge multi/exec requests or alike.
  1097. #
  1098. # client-query-buffer-limit 1gb
  1099. # In the Redis protocol, bulk requests, that are, elements representing single
  1100. # strings, are normally limited ot 512 mb. However you can change this limit
  1101. # here.
  1102. #
  1103. # proto-max-bulk-len 512mb
  1104. # Redis calls an internal function to perform many background tasks, like
  1105. # closing connections of clients in timeout, purging expired keys that are
  1106. # never requested, and so forth.
  1107. #
  1108. # Not all tasks are performed with the same frequency, but Redis checks for
  1109. # tasks to perform according to the specified "hz" value.
  1110. #
  1111. # By default "hz" is set to 10. Raising the value will use more CPU when
  1112. # Redis is idle, but at the same time will make Redis more responsive when
  1113. # there are many keys expiring at the same time, and timeouts may be
  1114. # handled with more precision.
  1115. #
  1116. # The range is between 1 and 500, however a value over 100 is usually not
  1117. # a good idea. Most users should use the default of 10 and raise this up to
  1118. # 100 only in environments where very low latency is required.
  1119. hz 10
  1120. # Normally it is useful to have an HZ value which is proportional to the
  1121. # number of clients connected. This is useful in order, for instance, to
  1122. # avoid too many clients are processed for each background task invocation
  1123. # in order to avoid latency spikes.
  1124. #
  1125. # Since the default HZ value by default is conservatively set to 10, Redis
  1126. # offers, and enables by default, the ability to use an adaptive HZ value
  1127. # which will temporary raise when there are many connected clients.
  1128. #
  1129. # When dynamic HZ is enabled, the actual configured HZ will be used as
  1130. # as a baseline, but multiples of the configured HZ value will be actually
  1131. # used as needed once more clients are connected. In this way an idle
  1132. # instance will use very little CPU time while a busy instance will be
  1133. # more responsive.
  1134. dynamic-hz yes
  1135. # When a child rewrites the AOF file, if the following option is enabled
  1136. # the file will be fsync-ed every 32 MB of data generated. This is useful
  1137. # in order to commit the file to the disk more incrementally and avoid
  1138. # big latency spikes.
  1139. aof-rewrite-incremental-fsync yes
  1140. # When redis saves RDB file, if the following option is enabled
  1141. # the file will be fsync-ed every 32 MB of data generated. This is useful
  1142. # in order to commit the file to the disk more incrementally and avoid
  1143. # big latency spikes.
  1144. rdb-save-incremental-fsync yes
  1145. # Redis LFU eviction (see maxmemory setting) can be tuned. However it is a good
  1146. # idea to start with the default settings and only change them after investigating
  1147. # how to improve the performances and how the keys LFU change over time, which
  1148. # is possible to inspect via the OBJECT FREQ command.
  1149. #
  1150. # There are two tunable parameters in the Redis LFU implementation: the
  1151. # counter logarithm factor and the counter decay time. It is important to
  1152. # understand what the two parameters mean before changing them.
  1153. #
  1154. # The LFU counter is just 8 bits per key, it's maximum value is 255, so Redis
  1155. # uses a probabilistic increment with logarithmic behavior. Given the value
  1156. # of the old counter, when a key is accessed, the counter is incremented in
  1157. # this way:
  1158. #
  1159. # 1. A random number R between 0 and 1 is extracted.
  1160. # 2. A probability P is calculated as 1/(old_value*lfu_log_factor+1).
  1161. # 3. The counter is incremented only if R
  1162. #
  1163. # The default lfu-log-factor is 10. This is a table of how the frequency
  1164. # counter changes with a different number of accesses with different
  1165. # logarithmic factors:
  1166. #
  1167. # +--------+------------+------------+------------+------------+------------+
  1168. # | factor | 100 hits | 1000 hits | 100K hits | 1M hits | 10M hits |
  1169. # +--------+------------+------------+------------+------------+------------+
  1170. # | 0 | 104 | 255 | 255 | 255 | 255 |
  1171. # +--------+------------+------------+------------+------------+------------+
  1172. # | 1 | 18 | 49 | 255 | 255 | 255 |
  1173. # +--------+------------+------------+------------+------------+------------+
  1174. # | 10 | 10 | 18 | 142 | 255 | 255 |
  1175. # +--------+------------+------------+------------+------------+------------+
  1176. # | 100 | 8 | 11 | 49 | 143 | 255 |
  1177. # +--------+------------+------------+------------+------------+------------+
  1178. #
  1179. # NOTE: The above table was obtained by running the following commands:
  1180. #
  1181. # redis-benchmark -n 1000000 incr foo
  1182. # redis-cli object freq foo
  1183. #
  1184. # NOTE 2: The counter initial value is 5 in order to give new objects a chance
  1185. # to accumulate hits.
  1186. #
  1187. # The counter decay time is the time, in minutes, that must elapse in order
  1188. # for the key counter to be divided by two (or decremented if it has a value
  1189. # less
  1190. #
  1191. # The default value for the lfu-decay-time is 1. A Special value of 0 means to
  1192. # decay the counter every time it happens to be scanned.
  1193. #
  1194. # lfu-log-factor 10
  1195. # lfu-decay-time 1
  1196. ########################### ACTIVE DEFRAGMENTATION #######################
  1197. #
  1198. # WARNING THIS FEATURE IS EXPERIMENTAL. However it was stress tested
  1199. # even in production and manually tested by multiple engineers for some
  1200. # time.
  1201. #
  1202. # What is active defragmentation?
  1203. # -------------------------------
  1204. #
  1205. # Active (online) defragmentation allows a Redis server to compact the
  1206. # spaces left between small allocations and deallocations of data in memory,
  1207. # thus allowing to reclaim back memory.
  1208. #
  1209. # Fragmentation is a natural process that happens with every allocator (but
  1210. # less so with Jemalloc, fortunately) and certain workloads. Normally a server
  1211. # restart is needed in order to lower the fragmentation, or at least to flush
  1212. # away all the data and create it again. However thanks to this feature
  1213. # implemented by Oran Agra for Redis 4.0 this process can happen at runtime
  1214. # in an "hot" way, while the server is running.
  1215. #
  1216. # Basically when the fragmentation is over a certain level (see the
  1217. # configuration options below) Redis will start to create new copies of the
  1218. # values in contiguous memory regions by exploiting certain specific Jemalloc
  1219. # features (in order to understand if an allocation is causing fragmentation
  1220. # and to allocate it in a better place), and at the same time, will release the
  1221. # old copies of the data. This process, repeated incrementally for all the keys
  1222. # will cause the fragmentation to drop back to normal values.
  1223. #
  1224. # Important things to understand:
  1225. #
  1226. # 1. This feature is disabled by default, and only works if you compiled Redis
  1227. # to use the copy of Jemalloc we ship with the source code of Redis.
  1228. # This is the default with Linux builds.
  1229. #
  1230. # 2. You never need to enable this feature if you don't have fragmentation
  1231. # issues.
  1232. #
  1233. # 3. Once you experience fragmentation, you can enable this feature when
  1234. # needed with the command "CONFIG SET activedefrag yes".
  1235. #
  1236. # The configuration parameters are able to fine tune the behavior of the
  1237. # defragmentation process. If you are not sure about what they mean it is
  1238. # a good idea to leave the defaults untouched.
  1239. # Enabled active defragmentation
  1240. # activedefrag yes
  1241. # Minimum amount of fragmentation waste to start active defrag
  1242. # active-defrag-ignore-bytes 100mb
  1243. # Minimum percentage of fragmentation to start active defrag
  1244. # active-defrag-threshold-lower 10
  1245. # Maximum percentage of fragmentation at which we use maximum effort
  1246. # active-defrag-threshold-upper 100
  1247. # Minimal effort for defrag in CPU percentage
  1248. # active-defrag-cycle-min 5
  1249. # Maximal effort for defrag in CPU percentage
  1250. # active-defrag-cycle-max 75
  1251. # Maximum number of set/hash/zset/list fields that will be processed from
  1252. # the main dictionary scan
  1253. # active-defrag-max-scan-fields 1000

删除了之前的容器重新创建

2.2连接图形化

2.3测试数据卷是否生效

1.修改配置文件

把数据库从16修改为最大值为20,只能访问到19---默认是16

Ctrl+S是保存

修改完重启容器

docker restart  r6

进入容器

docker exec -it  r6 /bin/bash

redis-cli

select 19   显示ok代表成功

2.测试给值删除容器 并创建容器

docker exec -it  r6 /bin/bash

redis-cli

赋值

set k1 v1

set k2 v2

set k3 v3

保存(注意一定要save,不然删除容器再重新创建发现没有)

save

docker rm -f r6

docker run -id --name=r6 -v /usr/app/docker/redis/redis.conf:/usr/redis/redis.conf -v /usr/app/docker/redis/data/:/data -p 6380:6379 redis:6.0 redis-server /usr/redis/redis.conf

有数据表示成功

 5.4安装rabbitmq

1.如果没有拉取镜像,那么创建容器的时候会自动拉取并创建

docker run -id --name=rabbitmq -p 5673:5672 -p 15673:15672 rabbitmq:management

注意:图形化访问15673,java访问5673

2.访问图形化

6. 自定义镜像

上面我们讲解的镜像都是现成---别人制作的镜像---下载下来的

6.1 DockerFile的概念

  • Dockerfile是一个文本---任意一个镜像都是通过dockerfile来制作

  • 文件包含了一条条的指令

  • 每一条指令构建一层,基于基础镜像,最终构建出一个新的镜像

  • 对于开发人员:可以为开发团队提供一个完全一致的开发环境

  • 对于测试人员:可以直接拿开发时所构建的镜像或者通过Dockerfile文件构建一个新的镜像开始工作了

  • 对于运维人员:在部署时,可以实现应用的无缝跨平台移植

6.2 DockerFile关键字

6.3 DockerFile案例

案例1:

创建一个目录用来存放dockerfile文件

mkdir mydockerfile

进入dockerfile文件

cd  mydockerfile

编辑文件

vi centos_dockerfile

编辑的内容

  1. #基于哪个镜像
  2. FROM centos:7
  3. #描述作者信息
  4. MAINTAINER X<1434275643@qq.com>
  5. #默认进来的落脚点
  6. WORKDIR /usr
  7. #安装vim编辑器
  8. RUN yum -y install vim
  9. #容器启动后最后执行的命令
  10. CMD ["/bin/bash"]

保存退出

:wq

构建成镜像

docker build   -f   /绝对路径/编辑的文件     -t   名称:版本号  .

docker build -f  /root/mydockerfile/centos_dockerfile -t c:v01 .

-f:  表示dockerfile文件路径
-t:  表示镜像的标记 名称:版本号
. : 不要忘记

  变成容器 

docker run -it --name=mc7 c:v01

 使用vim 能编辑表示成功

案例2:

需求: Centos7镜像具备vim+ifconfig+jdk8

要求: 落脚点: /usr/local 使用vim 并且还能用ifconfig 并且配置好jdk环境变量

在装有jdk下编辑

编辑文件

vi centos02_dockerfile

 注意: tar.gz文件要在当前dockerfile目录下,用绝对路径会报错

 

编辑的内容  

  1. #基于哪个镜像
  2. FROM centos:7
  3. #描述作者信息
  4. MAINTAINER X<1434275643@qq.com>
  5. #默认进来的落脚点
  6. WORKDIR /usr/local
  7. #安装vim编辑器
  8. RUN yum -y install vim
  9. #安装ifconfig
  10. RUN yum -y install net-tools
  11. #创建目录
  12. RUN mkdir -p /usr/local/java
  13. #把宿主的文件放入到镜像中--tar会自动解压
  14. ADD jdk-17_linux-x64_bin.tar.gz /usr/local/java
  15. #配置环境变量
  16. ENV JAVA_HOME /usr/local/java/jdk-17.0.8
  17. ENV PATH $JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
  18. #容器启动后最后执行的命令
  19. CMD /bin/bash

保存退出

:wq 

构建成镜像

docker   build   -f    centos02_dockerfile   -t    c2:v2.0  .

 变成容器 

 docker run -it --name=myc7 c2:v2.0

测试

使用 javac

使用 vim

使用 ifconfig

注意:宿主机的容器会自动映射成容器的

案例3:把自己的工程编写为一个镜像

准备好springboot jar包并传至dockerfile的目录下

  1. package com.example.controller;
  2. import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
  3. import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
  4. @RestController
  5. public class HelloController {
  6. @GetMapping("index")
  7. public String index(){
  8. return "====hello docker======";
  9. }
  10. }

编辑文件

vi boot-dockerfile

编辑内容

注意:暴露的端口号要跟springboot里面的端口一致

  1. #基于的java8版本
  2. FROM java:8
  3. #描述作者信息
  4. MAINTAINER X<1434275643@qq.com>
  5. #暴露端口号 要跟你boot的端口一致
  6. EXPOSE 8080
  7. #把宿主的文件放入到镜像中--tar会自动解压 并且重命名为app.jar
  8. ADD java11-springboot-docker-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar app.jar
  9. #容器启动后最后执行的命令 启动jar包
  10. CMD java -jar app.jar

 保存退出

:wq

 构建成镜像

docker   build   -f    boot-dockerfile   -t    boot:v1  .

启动并做端口映射

注意 -p 映射必须要做

 docker run -id  -p 8888:8080 --name=app boot:v1

 

6.4 把自己的镜像上传的远程仓库

  把本地镜像上传阿里远程镜像仓库

未来可以把镜像放到

  1. 阿里云

  2. hub.docker.com

  3. 或者公司内部搭建的远程仓库---搭建远程仓库

作为开发: 我们需要把自己的项目---->通过dockerfile 变成一个镜像---->上传到远程仓库【hub.docker或者阿里云镜像仓库】

作为测试:

作为运维: 从远程仓库下载镜像---通过镜像运行容器。部署项目。

采用:阿里云镜像仓库

 

 

 

 根据步骤推送镜像

1.登录并输入密码

2.查看镜像ID并上传

3.推送

4.查看远程仓库

6.5 拉取镜像

1.为了方便测试,先把本地的镜像和阿里的都删掉

 2.查看版本

3.拉取镜像

 

4.访问到表示成功

7. 图形化界面

  之前的docker全部使用的命令来操作镜像和容器。别人也提供了一个图形化界面portainer。

docker run -id -p 8000:8000 -p 9000:9000 --name=portainer     --restart=always     -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock     -v portainer_data:/data     portainer/portainer

-i:   保持容器一直运行 因为容器没有客户端链接会自动关闭

-d:  只运行不进去

-p:  表示设置宿主机的端口与容器内部端口映射 9000是http端口

-name:  表示给容器取名字

-restart:  表示是否总是启动 (当docker启动就会启动)

-v: 使用-v参数表示设置数据卷

-portainer/portainer: 镜像名称

 

8. Docker服务编排

8.1 概述

docker建议我们每一个容器中只运行一个服务,因为docker容器本身占用资源极少,所以最好是将每个服务单独的分割开来但是这样我们又面临了一个问题?

如果我需要同时部署好多个服务,难道要每个服务单独写Dockerfile然后在构建镜像,构建容器,这样累都累死了,所以docker官方给我们提供了docker-compose多服务部署的工具.

Compose允许用户通过一个单独的docker-compose.yml模板文件[你写](YAML 格式)来定义一组相关联的应用容器为一个项目(project)。

可以很容易地用一个配置文件定义一个多容器的应用,然后使用一条指令安装这个应用的所有依赖,完成构建。Docker-Compose 解决了容器与容器之间如何管理编排的问题。

8.2 Docker Compose 安装使用

一、安装Docker Compose

# Compose目前已经完全支持Linux、Mac OS和Windows,在我们安装Compose之前,需要先安装Docker。下面我 们以编译好的二进制包方式安装在Linux系统中。

curl -L https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.22.0/docker-compose-`uname -s`-`uname -m` -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose

# 设置文件可执行权限

  1. chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose

# 查看版本信息

docker-compose -version

二、卸载Docker Compose 【根据需要选择】

  1. # 二进制包方式安装的,删除二进制文件即可
  2. rm /usr/local/bin/docker-compose

三、 使用docker compose编排springboot+redis+mysql项目

3.1 docker compose步骤

把打好的jar包移到Dockerfile同目录下

编写Dockerfile时候,装上这个插件,在编写的时候会有提示

properties

  1. #数据源
  2. spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
  3. spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://192.168.198.201:3308/test?serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
  4. spring.datasource.username=root
  5. spring.datasource.password=qingfengzilai.
  6. #redis
  7. spring.redis.host=192.168.198.201
  8. spring.redis.port=6379
  9. #mybatis-plus sql日志--控制台
  10. mybatis-plus.configuration.log-impl=org.apache.ibatis.logging.stdout.StdOutImpl

编写Dockerfile文件

  1. #基于的java8版本(根据你项目用的java环境)
  2. FROM java:8
  3. #描述作者信息
  4. MAINTAINER x<1434275643@qq.com>
  5. #暴露端口号 要跟你boot的端口一致
  6. EXPOSE 8080
  7. #把宿主的文件放入到镜像中(要和你的jar包名字一样)--tar会自动解压 并且重命名
  8. ADD spring-boot-redis-mysql.jar app.jar
  9. #容器启动后最后执行的命令 启动jar包要于你重命名的一致
  10. CMD java -jar app.jar

 编写 docker-compose.yml 文件

  1. #版本号
  2. version: "3"
  3. #有哪些服务
  4. services:
  5. #工程服务名
  6. micro_service:
  7. #变成容器的名字
  8. container_name: ms01
  9. build:
  10. context: ./ #指定了 Dockerfile所在的目录 位置 和名字
  11. dockerfile: Dockerfile
  12. ports: #端口映射
  13. - "8080:8080"
  14. volumes: #数据卷 --- -v
  15. - /app/microService:/data
  16. networks:
  17. - aaa_net
  18. depends_on: #依赖的软件 下面的工程服务名
  19. - myredis
  20. - mymysql
  21. #工程服务名
  22. myredis:
  23. image: redis:6.0
  24. ports:
  25. - "6379:6379"
  26. volumes:
  27. - /usr/app/docker/redis/redis.conf:/etc/redis/redis.conf # 必须在宿主机中/app/redis下存在redis.conf文件
  28. - /usr/app/docker/redis/data:/data
  29. networks:
  30. - aaa_net
  31. command: redis-server /etc/redis/redis.conf #执行的命令 ---CMD
  32. mymysql:
  33. image: mysql:5.7
  34. environment: #配置环境 要对应你properties里的 ---- ENV
  35. #密码
  36. MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: 'qingfengzilai.'
  37. #是否密码为空
  38. MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD: 'no'
  39. MYSQL_DATABASE: 'test'
  40. ports:
  41. - "3308:3306"
  42. volumes:
  43. - /usr/app/docker/mysql/db:/var/lib/mysql
  44. - /usr/app/docker/mysql/conf/my.cnf:/etc/my.cnf # 必须在宿主机中存在my.cnf文件
  45. - /usr/app/docker/mysql/init:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d
  46. networks:
  47. - aaa_net
  48. command: --default-authentication-plugin=mysql_native_password #解决外部无法访问
  49. networks:
  50. aaa_net:

 my.cnf这个配置要自己加    redis.conf去看5.3的完整版里有

vi my.cnf  编辑

  1. [client]
  2. default_character_set=utf8
  3. [mysqld]
  4. collation_server = utf8_general_ci
  5. character_set_server = utf8

注意:

必须在mysql中创建一个跟你项目中properties对应的数据库名

并且在里面创建以一个对应的表名和对应的数据

编写好后把docker文件拖到liux中


 

在docker目录下使用docker-compose 启动容器

docker-compose up

访问项目中controller的路径

​ 

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