python-- openpyxl详解_python openpyxl

详解

安装

pip install openpyxl
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打开文件

• 创建

    from  openpyxl import  Workbook 
    # 实例化
    wb = Workbook()
    # 激活 worksheet
    ws = wb.active
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• 打开已有

    from openpyxl  import load_workbook
    wb2 = load_workbook('文件名称.xlsx')
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储存数据

# 方式一：数据可以直接分配到单元格中(可以输入公式)
ws['A1'] = 42
# 方式二：可以附加行，从第一列开始附加(从最下方空白处，最左开始)(可以输入多行)
ws.append([1, 2, 3])
# 方式三：Python 类型会被自动转换
ws['A3'] = datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d")
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创建表（sheet）

# 方式一：插入到最后(default)
>>> ws1 = wb.create_sheet("Mysheet") 
# 方式二：插入到最开始的位置
>>> ws2 = wb.create_sheet("Mysheet", 0)
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选择表（sheet）

# sheet 名称可以作为 key 进行索引
>>> ws3 = wb["New Title"]
>>> ws4 = wb.get_sheet_by_name("New Title")
>>> ws is ws3 is ws4
True
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查看表名（sheet）

# 显示所有表名
>>> print(wb.sheetnames)
['Sheet2', 'New Title',  'Sheet1']
# 遍历所有表
>>> for sheet in  wb:
... 	print(sheet.title)
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访问单元格（call）

• 单一单元格访问

    # 方法一
    >>> c = ws['A4']
    # 方法二：row 行；column 列
    >>> d = ws.cell(row=4, column=2, value=10)
    # 方法三：只要访问就创建
    >>> for i in  range(1,101):
    ...         for j in range(1,101):
    ...            ws.cell(row=i, column=j)
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• 多单元格访问

  # 通过切片
  >>> cell_range = ws['A1':'C2']
  # 通过行(列)
  >>> colC = ws['C']
  >>> col_range = ws['C:D']
  >>> row10 = ws[10]
  >>> row_range = ws[5:10]
  # 通过指定范围(行 → 行)
  >>> for row in  ws.iter_rows(min_row=1, max_col=3, max_row=2):
  ...    for cell in  row:
  ...        print(cell)
  <Cell Sheet1.A1>
  <Cell Sheet1.B1>
  <Cell Sheet1.C1>
  <Cell Sheet1.A2>
  <Cell Sheet1.B2>
  <Cell Sheet1.C2>　
  # 通过指定范围(列 → 列)
  >>> for row in  ws.iter_rows(min_row=1, max_col=3, max_row=2):
  ...    for cell in  row:
  ...        print(cell)
  <Cell Sheet1.A1>
  <Cell Sheet1.B1>
  <Cell Sheet1.C1>
  <Cell Sheet1.A2>
  <Cell Sheet1.B2>
  <Cell Sheet1.C2>
  # 遍历所有 方法一
  >>> ws = wb.active
  >>> ws['C9'] = 'hello world'
  >>> tuple(ws.rows)
  ((<Cell Sheet.A1>, <Cell Sheet.B1>, <Cell Sheet.C1>),
  (<Cell Sheet.A2>, <Cell Sheet.B2>, <Cell Sheet.C2>),
  ...
  (<Cell Sheet.A8>, <Cell Sheet.B8>, <Cell Sheet.C8>),
  (<Cell Sheet.A9>, <Cell Sheet.B9>, <Cell Sheet.C9>))
  # 遍历所有 方法二
  >>> tuple(ws.columns)
  ((<Cell Sheet.A1>,
  <Cell Sheet.A2>,
  <Cell Sheet.A3>,
  ...
  <Cell Sheet.B7>,
  <Cell Sheet.B8>,
  <Cell Sheet.B9>),
  (<Cell Sheet.C1>,
  ...
  <Cell Sheet.C8>,
  <Cell Sheet.C9>))
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保存数据

>>> wb.save('文件名称.xlsx')
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改变 sheet 标签按钮颜色

ws.sheet_properties.tabColor = "1072BA"
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获取最大行，最大列

# 获得最大列和最大行
print(sheet.max_row)
print(sheet.max_column)
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获取每一行，每一列

• sheet.rows为生成器, 里面是每一行的数据，每一行又由一个tuple包裹。

• sheet.columns类似，不过里面是每个tuple是每一列的单元格。

    # 因为按行，所以返回A1, B1, C1这样的顺序
    for row in sheet.rows:
        for cell in row:
            print(cell.value)
    
    # A1, A2, A3这样的顺序
    for column in sheet.columns:
        for cell in column:
            print(cell.value)
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根据数字得到字母，根据字母得到数字

from openpyxl.utils import get_column_letter, column_index_from_string

# 根据列的数字返回字母
print(get_column_letter(2))  # B
# 根据字母返回列的数字
print(column_index_from_string('D'))  # 4
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删除工作表

# 方式一
wb.remove(sheet)
# 方式二
del wb[sheet]
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矩阵置换（行 → 列）

rows = [
    ['Number', 'data1', 'data2'],
    [2, 40, 30],
    [3, 40, 25],
    [4, 50, 30],
    [5, 30, 10],
    [6, 25, 5],
    [7, 50, 10]]

list(zip(*rows))

# out
[('Number', 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7),
 ('data1', 40, 40, 50, 30, 25, 50),
 ('data2', 30, 25, 30, 10, 5, 10)]

# 注意 方法会舍弃缺少数据的列(行)
rows = [
    ['Number', 'data1', 'data2'],
    [2, 40	  ],	# 这里少一个数据
    [3, 40, 25],
    [4, 50, 30],
    [5, 30, 10],
    [6, 25, 5],
    [7, 50, 10],
]
# out
[('Number', 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7), ('data1', 40, 40, 50, 30, 25, 50)]
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单元格样式

from openpyxl.styles import Font, colors, Alignment

# 下面的代码指定了等线24号，加粗斜体，字体颜色红色。直接使用cell的font属性，将Font对象赋值给它。
bold_itatic_24_font = Font(name='等线', size=24, italic=True, color=colors.RED, bold=True)

sheet['A1'].font = bold_itatic_24_font
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对齐方式

也是直接使用cell的属性aligment，这里指定垂直居中和水平居中。除了center，还可以使用right、left等等参数。
# 设置B1中的数据垂直居中和水平居中
sheet['B1'].alignment = Alignment(horizontal='center', vertical='center')
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设置行高和列宽

# 第2行行高
sheet.row_dimensions[2].height = 40
# C列列宽
sheet.column_dimensions['C'].width = 30
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合并和拆分单元格

• 所谓合并单元格，即以合并区域的左上角的那个单元格为基准，覆盖其他单元格使之称为一个大的单元格。

• 相反，拆分单元格后将这个大单元格的值返回到原来的左上角位置。

    # 合并单元格， 往左上角写入数据即可
    sheet.merge_cells('B1:G1') # 合并一行中的几个单元格
    sheet.merge_cells('A1:C3') # 合并一个矩形区域中的单元格
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• 合并后只可以往左上角写入数据，也就是区间中:左边的坐标。

• 如果这些要合并的单元格都有数据，只会保留左上角的数据，其他则丢弃。换句话说若合并前不是在左上角写入数据，合并后单元格中不会有数据。

• 以下是拆分单元格的代码。拆分后，值回到A1位置。

    sheet.unmerge_cells('A1:C3')
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小案例

import datetime
from random import choice
from time import time
from openpyxl import load_workbook
from openpyxl.utils import get_column_letter

# 设置文件 mingc
addr = "openpyxl.xlsx"
# 打开文件
wb = load_workbook(addr)
# 创建一张新表
ws = wb.create_sheet()
# 第一行输入
ws.append(['TIME', 'TITLE', 'A-Z'])

# 输入内容（500行数据）
for i in range(500):
    TIME = datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%H:%M:%S")
    TITLE = str(time())
    A_Z = get_column_letter(choice(range(1, 50)))
    ws.append([TIME, TITLE, A_Z])

# 获取最大行
row_max = ws.max_row
# 获取最大列
con_max = ws.max_column
# 把上面写入内容打印在控制台
for j in ws.rows:	# we.rows 获取每一行数据
    for n in j:
        print(n.value, end="\t")   # n.value 获取单元格的值
    print()
# 保存，save（必须要写文件名（绝对地址）默认 py 同级目录下，只支持 xlsx 格式）
wb.save(addr)
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案例

1、 安装

pip install openpyxl

想要在文件中插入图片文件，需要安装pillow，安装文件：PIL-fork-1.1.7.win-amd64-py2.7.exe

 

· font(字体类)：字号、字体颜色、下划线等

· fill(填充类)：颜色等

· border(边框类)：设置单元格边框

· alignment(位置类)：对齐方式

· number_format(格式类)：数据格式

· protection(保护类)：写保护
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2、 创建一个excel 文件，并写入不同类的内容

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

from openpyxl import Workbook
wb = Workbook()    #创建文件对象

# grab the active worksheet
ws = wb.active     #获取第一个sheet

# Data can be assigned directly to cells
ws['A1'] = 42      #写入数字
ws['B1'] = "你好"+"automation test" #写入中文（unicode中文也可）

# Rows can also be appended
ws.append([1, 2, 3])    #写入多个单元格

# Python types will automatically be converted
import datetime
import time
ws['A2'] = datetime.datetime.now()    #写入一个当前时间
#写入一个自定义的时间格式
ws['A3'] =time.strftime("%Y年%m月%d日 %H时%M分%S秒",time.localtime())

# Save the file
wb.save("e:\\sample.xlsx")
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3、 创建sheet

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from openpyxl import Workbook
wb = Workbook()
ws1 = wb.create_sheet("Mysheet")           #创建一个sheet

ws1["A1"]=123.11
ws1["B2"]="你好"
d = ws1.cell(row=4, column=2, value=10)

print ws1["A1"].value
print ws1["B2"].value
print d.value

# Save the file
wb.save("e:\\sample.xlsx")
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4、 操作单元格

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from openpyxl import Workbook
wb = Workbook()
ws1 = wb.create_sheet("Mysheet")           #创建一个sheet

ws1["A1"]=123.11
ws1["B2"]="你好"
d = ws1.cell(row=4, column=2, value=10)

print ws1["A1"].value
print ws1["B2"].value
print d.value

# Save the file
wb.save("e:\\sample.xlsx")
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操作批量的单元格

无论ws.rows还是ws.iter_rows都是一个对象

除上述两个对象外 单行，单列都是一个元祖，多行多列是二维元祖

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from openpyxl import Workbook
wb = Workbook()

ws1 = wb.create_sheet("Mysheet")           #创建一个sheet

ws1["A1"]=1
ws1["A2"]=2
ws1["A3"]=3

ws1["B1"]=4
ws1["B2"]=5
ws1["B3"]=6

ws1["C1"]=7
ws1["C2"]=8
ws1["C3"]=9

#操作单列
print ws1["A"]
for cell in ws1["A"]:
    print cell.value

#操作多列,获取每一个值
print ws1["A:C"]
for column in ws1["A:C"]:
    for cell in column:
        print cell.value

#操作多行
row_range = ws1[1:3]
print row_range
for row in row_range:
    for cell in row:
        print cell.value

print "*"*50
for row in ws1.iter_rows(min_row=1, min_col=1, max_col=3, max_row=3):
    for cell in row:
        print cell.value

#获取所有行
print ws1.rows
for row in ws1.rows:
    print row

print "*"*50
#获取所有列
print ws1.columns
for col in ws1.columns:
    print col

wb.save("e:\\sample.xlsx")
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使用百分数

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from openpyxl import Workbook
from openpyxl import load_workbook
wb = load_workbook('e:\\sample.xlsx')
wb.guess_types = True  # 如果等于False 结果会打印百分数
ws=wb.active
ws["D1"]="12%"
print ws["D1"].value

# Save the file
wb.save("e:\\sample.xlsx")
#结果会打印小数
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获取所有的行对象(常用于按行读excel)

from openpyxl import load_workbook

wb = load_workbook('1.xlsx')
ws = wb.active
for row in ws.iter_rows():
    print(tuple(map(lambda x: x.value, row)))
    
    # for i in row:
    #     print(i.value)
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获取所有的列对象(常用于按列读excel)

from openpyxl import load_workbook

wb = load_workbook('1.xlsx')
ws = wb.active
for row in ws.iter_cols():
    print(tuple(map(lambda x: x.value, row)))
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操作已经存在的文件(修改内容)

from openpyxl import load_workbook

wb = load_workbook('1.xlsx')
wb.guess_types = True  # 猜测格式类型
ws = wb.active
print(ws['C2'])
ws["D1"] = "12%"  # 直接修改

wb.save("1.xlsx")
# 注意如果原文件有一些图片或者图标，则保存的时候可能会导致图片丢失
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单元格类型

from openpyxl import load_workbook
import datetime

wb = load_workbook('1.xlsx')

ws = wb.active
wb.guess_types = True

ws["A1"] = datetime.datetime(2010, 7, 21)
print(ws["A1"].number_format)

ws["A2"] = "12%"
print(ws["A2"].number_format)

ws["A3"] = 1.1
print(ws["A4"].number_format)

ws["A4"] = "中国"
print(ws["A5"].number_format)
# Save the file
wb.save("1.xlsx")
#如果是常规，显示general,如果是数字，显示'0.00_ '，如果是百分数显示0%
# 数字需要在Excel中设置数字类型，直接写入的数字是常规类型
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使用公式

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from openpyxl import Workbook
from openpyxl import load_workbook

wb = load_workbook('e:\\sample.xlsx')
ws1=wb.active

ws1["A1"]=1
ws1["A2"]=2
ws1["A3"]=3

ws1["A4"] = "=SUM(1, 1)"
ws1["A5"] = "=SUM(A1:A3)"

print(ws1["A4"].value)  #打印的是公式内容，不是公式计算后的值,程序无法取到计算后的值
print(ws1["A5"].value)  #打印的是公式内容，不是公式计算后的值,程序无法取到计算后的值

# Save the file
wb.save("e:\\sample.xlsx")
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合并单元格

需要先安装Pilow

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from openpyxl import load_workbook
from openpyxl.drawing.image import Image

wb = load_workbook('e:\\sample.xlsx')
ws1=wb.active

img = Image('e:\\1.png')
ws1.add_image(img, 'A1')

# Save the file
wb.save("e:\\sample.xlsx")
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隐藏单元格

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from openpyxl import load_workbook
from openpyxl.drawing.image import Image

wb = load_workbook('e:\\sample.xlsx')
ws1=wb.active

ws1.column_dimensions.group('A', 'D', hidden=True)   #隐藏a到d列范围内的列
#ws1.row_dimensions 无group方法
# Save the file
wb.save("e:\\sample.xlsx")
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设定一个表格区域，并设定表格的格式

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from openpyxl import load_workbook
from openpyxl import Workbook
from openpyxl.worksheet.table import Table, TableStyleInfo

wb = Workbook()
ws = wb.active

data = [
    ['Apples', 10000, 5000, 8000, 6000],
    ['Pears',   2000, 3000, 4000, 5000],
    ['Bananas', 6000, 6000, 6500, 6000],
    ['Oranges',  500,  300,  200,  700],
]

# add column headings. NB. these must be strings
ws.append(["Fruit", "2011", "2012", "2013", "2014"])
for row in data:
    ws.append(row)

tab = Table(displayName="Table1", ref="A1:E5")

# Add a default style with striped rows and banded columns
style = TableStyleInfo(name="TableStyleMedium9", showFirstColumn=True,
                       showLastColumn=True, showRowStripes=True, showColumnStripes=True)
#第一列是否和样式第一行颜色一行，第二列是否···
#是否隔行换色，是否隔列换色
tab.tableStyleInfo = style
ws.add_table(tab)

# Save the file
wb.save("e:\\sample.xlsx")
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给单元格设定字体颜色

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from openpyxl import Workbook
from openpyxl.styles import colors
from openpyxl.styles import Font

wb = Workbook()
ws = wb.active

a1 = ws['A1']
d4 = ws['D4']
ft = Font(color=colors.RED)  # color="FFBB00"，颜色编码也可以设定颜色
a1.font = ft
d4.font = ft

# If you want to change the color of a Font, you need to reassign it::
#italic 倾斜字体
a1.font = Font(color=colors.RED, italic=True) # the change only affects A1
a1.value = "abc"

# Save the file
wb.save("e:\\sample.xlsx")
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设定字体和大小

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from openpyxl import Workbook
from openpyxl.styles import colors
from openpyxl.styles import Font

wb = Workbook()
ws = wb.active

a1 = ws['A1']
d4 = ws['D4']
a1.value = "abc"

from openpyxl.styles import Font
from copy import copy

ft1 = Font(name=u'宋体', size=14)
ft2 = copy(ft1)   #复制字体对象
ft2.name = "Tahoma"

print ft1.name
print ft2.name
print ft2.size # copied from the

a1.font = ft1
# Save the file
wb.save("e:\\sample.xlsx")
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设定行和列的字体

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from openpyxl import Workbook
from openpyxl.styles import Font
wb = Workbook()
ws = wb.active

col = ws.column_dimensions['A']
col.font = Font(bold=True)   #将A列设定为粗体
row = ws.row_dimensions[1]
row.font = Font(underline="single")  #将第一行设定为下划线格式

# Save the file
wb.save("e:\\sample.xlsx")
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设定单元格的边框、字体、颜色、大小和边框背景色

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from openpyxl import Workbook
from openpyxl.styles import Font
from openpyxl.styles import NamedStyle, Font, Border, Side,PatternFill

wb = Workbook()
ws = wb.active

highlight = NamedStyle(name="highlight")
highlight.font = Font(bold=True, size=20,color= "ff0100")
highlight.fill = PatternFill("solid", fgColor="DDDDDD")#背景填充
bd = Side(style='thick', color="000000")
highlight.border = Border(left=bd, top=bd, right=bd, bottom=bd)

print dir(ws["A1"])
ws["A1"].style =highlight

# Save the file
wb.save("e:\\sample.xlsx")
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常用的样式和属性设置

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from openpyxl import Workbook
from openpyxl.styles import Font
from openpyxl.styles import NamedStyle, Font, Border, Side,PatternFill
from openpyxl.styles import PatternFill, Border, Side, Alignment, Protection, Font

wb = Workbook()
ws = wb.active

ft = Font(name=u'微软雅黑',
    size=11,
    bold=False,
    italic=False,
    vertAlign=None,
    underline='none',
    strike=False,
    color='FF000000')

fill = PatternFill(fill_type="solid",
    start_color='FFEEFFFF',
    end_color='FF001100')

#边框可以选择的值为：'hair', 'medium', 'dashDot', 'dotted', 'mediumDashDot', 'dashed', 'mediumDashed', 'mediumDashDotDot', 'dashDotDot', 'slantDashDot', 'double', 'thick', 'thin']
#diagonal 表示对角线
bd = Border(left=Side(border_style="thin",
              color='FF001000'),
    right=Side(border_style="thin",
               color='FF110000'),
    top=Side(border_style="thin",
             color='FF110000'),
    bottom=Side(border_style="thin",
                color='FF110000'),
    diagonal=Side(border_style=None,
                  color='FF000000'),
    diagonal_direction=0,
    outline=Side(border_style=None,
                 color='FF000000'),
    vertical=Side(border_style=None,
                  color='FF000000'),
    horizontal=Side(border_style=None,
                   color='FF110000')
                )

alignment=Alignment(horizontal='general',
        vertical='bottom',
        text_rotation=0,
        wrap_text=False,
        shrink_to_fit=False,
        indent=0)

number_format = 'General'

protection = Protection(locked=True,
            hidden=False)

ws["B5"].font = ft
ws["B5"].fill =fill
ws["B5"].border = bd
ws["B5"].alignment = alignment
ws["B5"].number_format = number_format

ws["B5"].value ="zeke"

# Save the file
wb.save("e:\\sample.xlsx")
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插入图片

from openpyxl import load_workbook
from openpyxl.drawing.image import Image

wb = load_workbook('1.xlsx')
ws1 = wb.active

img = Image(r'C:\Users\EDY\Desktop\1654138574(1).jpg')
img.width, img.height = 50, 50

ws1.add_image(img, 'F1')
# 第2行行高
ws1.row_dimensions[2].height = 40
# C列列宽
ws1.column_dimensions['C'].width = 30

wb.save("1.xlsx")
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样式详解

字体样式

from openpyxl import Workbook
from openpyxl.styles import Font

wb = Workbook()
ws = wb.active

# 默认字体样式
ws["A1"] = "A1"

# 自定义字体样式
ws["B2"] = "B2"
font = Font(
    name="微软雅黑",   # 字体
    size=15,         # 字体大小
    color="0000FF",  # 字体颜色，用16进制rgb表示
    bold=True,       # 是否加粗，True/False
    italic=True,     # 是否斜体，True/False
    strike=None,     # 是否使用删除线，True/False
    underline=None,  # 下划线, 可选'singleAccounting', 'double', 'single', 'doubleAccounting'
)
ws["B2"].font = font

wb.save("./test.xlsx")
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行列宽高

from openpyxl import Workbook
wb = Workbook()
ws = wb.active

ws.row_dimensions[2].height = 30  # 设置第2行高度为30
ws.column_dimensions["B"].width = 30  # 设置B列宽度为30

wb.save("./test.xlsx")
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对齐方式

from openpyxl import Workbook
from openpyxl.styles import Border, Side

wb = Workbook()
ws = wb.active

ws["B2"] = "B2"

side = Side(
    style="medium",  # 边框样式，可选dashDot、dashDotDot、dashed、dotted、double、hair、medium、mediumDashDot、mediumDashDotDot、mediumDashed、slantDashDot、thick、thin
    color="ff66dd",  # 边框颜色，16进制rgb表示
)

ws["B2"].border = Border(
    top=side,  # 上
    bottom=side,  # 下
    left=side,  # 左
    right=side,  # 右
    diagonal=side  # 对角线
)

wb.save("./test.xlsx")
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边框

from openpyxl import Workbook
from openpyxl.styles import Border, Side

wb = Workbook()
ws = wb.active

ws["B2"] = "B2"

side = Side(
    style="medium",  # 边框样式，可选dashDot、dashDotDot、dashed、dotted、double、hair、medium、mediumDashDot、mediumDashDotDot、mediumDashed、slantDashDot、thick、thin
    color="ff66dd",  # 边框颜色，16进制rgb表示
)

ws["B2"].border = Border(
    top=side,  # 上
    bottom=side,  # 下
    left=side,  # 左
    right=side,  # 右
    diagonal=side  # 对角线
)

wb.save("./test.xlsx")
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填充和渐变

from openpyxl import Workbook
from openpyxl.styles import PatternFill, GradientFill

wb = Workbook()
ws = wb.active

ws["B2"] = "B2"

fill = PatternFill(
    patternType="solid",  # 填充类型，可选none、solid、darkGray、mediumGray、lightGray、lightDown、lightGray、lightGrid
    fgColor="F562a4",  # 前景色，16进制rgb
    bgColor="0000ff",  # 背景色，16进制rgb
    # fill_type=None,  # 填充类型
    # start_color=None, # 前景色，16进制rgb
    # end_color=None    # 背景色，16进制rgb
)
ws["B2"].fill = fill
ws["B3"].fill = GradientFill(
    degree=60,  # 角度
    stop=("000000", "FFFFFF")  # 渐变颜色，16进制rgb
)

wb.save("./test.xlsx")
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案例

from openpyxl import Workbook
from openpyxl.styles import Border, Side, colors, borders, Font, Alignment


class ExportExcel(object):
    '''导出excel'''

    def __init__(self):
        self._wb = Workbook()
        self._border = Border(  # 边框
            top=Side(style=borders.BORDER_THIN, color=colors.BLACK),
            bottom=Side(style=borders.BORDER_THIN, color=colors.BLACK),
            left=Side(style=borders.BORDER_THIN, color=colors.BLACK),
            right=Side(style=borders.BORDER_THIN, color=colors.BLACK)
        )
        self._font = Font(bold=True, size=10)  # 字体
        self._alignment = Alignment(horizontal='center', vertical='center')  # 居中

    def jibenxinxi(self):
        '''基本信息'''
        sheet = self._wb.create_sheet('基本信息', 0)
        for index, row in enumerate(sheet['A1:L16']):
            sheet.row_dimensions[index + 1].height = 35  # 行高
            for info in row:
                info.border = self._border
                info.alignment = self._alignment
                info.font = self._font
                info.alignment = self._alignment

        sheet.merge_cells('A1:L1')
        sheet['A1'] = '教员基本情况'

        sheet['A2'] = '姓名'
        sheet.merge_cells('A2:C2')
        sheet['D2'] = 'xx'
        sheet.merge_cells('D2:F2')

        sheet['G2'] = '性别'
        sheet['H2'] = 'xx'

        sheet['I2'] = '民族'
        sheet['J2'] = 'xx'

        sheet['K2'] = '籍贯'
        sheet['L2'] = 'xx'
        # ----------------------------------------

        sheet['A3'] = '出生年月'
        sheet.merge_cells('A3:C3')
        sheet['D3'] = 'xx'
        sheet.merge_cells('D3:F3')

        sheet['G3'] = '工作年月'
        sheet['H3'] = 'xx'

        sheet['I3'] = '任教年月'
        sheet['J3'] = 'xx'

        sheet['K3'] = '出生地'
        sheet['L3'] = 'xx'
        # --------------------------------------

        sheet['A4'] = '人员类型'
        sheet.merge_cells('A4:C4')
        sheet['D4'] = 'xx'
        sheet.merge_cells('D4:F4')

        sheet['G4'] = '职务'
        sheet['H4'] = 'xx'

        sheet['I4'] = '政治面貌'
        sheet['J4'] = 'xx'

        sheet['K4'] = '婚姻状况'
        sheet['L4'] = 'xx'

        self._wb.save(r'C:\Users\EDY\Desktop\1.xlsx')


# r = ExportExcel()
# r.jibenxinxi()
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