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Ubuntu系统下使用apt-get安装Mysql8_apt install mysql
作者：很楠不爱3 | 2024-04-27 05:42:23
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apt install mysql
记录一下在Ubuntu20.04 64位系统下面使用apt-get方式安装mysql8关系型数据库
Centos下使用yum安装Mysql8（Mysql5.7）以及常见的配置和使用
首先肯定是检查下当前Ubuntu系统是否已经安装过mysql数据库 一般拿到新的云服务器是没有安装的
root@myw:~# whereis mysql
mysql:
root@myw:~# find / -name 'mysql*'
/etc/apparmor.d/abstractions/mysql
/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/sos/report/plugins/__pycache__/mysql.cpython-38.pyc
/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/sos/report/plugins/mysql.py
/usr/share/bash-completion/completions/mysqladmin
/usr/share/bash-completion/completions/mysql
/usr/share/vim/vim81/syntax/mysql.vim
root@myw:~#
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Ubuntu系统和centos所用的依赖包管理器不一样
Ubuntu用的是apt包管理器 centos用的是yum包管理器
那么这里使用apt-get来安装mysql 为了能够安装高版本的mysql 我这里首先是更新apt-get 更新之后去安装mysql 发现mysql安装好后是8.x版本 对于使用8.x版本来说，这是一个很欣喜的消息
更新apt-get系统软件库
apt-get update
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root@myw:~# apt-get update Get:1 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security InRelease [114 kB] Hit:2 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal InRelease Get:3 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates InRelease [114 kB] Get:4 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security/main amd64 Packages [2,464 kB] Get:5 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-backports InRelease [108 kB] Get:6 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 Packages [2,850 kB] Get:7 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security/main Translation-en [385 kB] Get:8 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security/main amd64 c-n-f Metadata [13.2 kB] Get:9 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security/restricted amd64 Packages [2,210 kB] Get:10 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security/restricted Translation-en [309 kB] Get:11 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security/restricted amd64 c-n-f Metadata [580 B] Get:12 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security/universe amd64 Packages [885 kB] Get:13 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security/universe Translation-en [185 kB] Get:14 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security/universe amd64 c-n-f Metadata [19.1 kB] Get:15 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security/multiverse amd64 Packages [23.6 kB] Get:16 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security/multiverse Translation-en [5,504 B] Get:17 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security/multiverse amd64 c-n-f Metadata [548 B] Get:18 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main Translation-en [468 kB] Get:19 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 c-n-f Metadata [17.1 kB] Get:20 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/restricted amd64 Packages [2,327 kB] Get:21 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/restricted Translation-en [325 kB] Get:22 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/restricted amd64 c-n-f Metadata [576 B] Get:23 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/universe amd64 Packages [1,117 kB] Get:24 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/universe Translation-en [267 kB] Get:25 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/universe amd64 c-n-f Metadata [25.6 kB] Get:26 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/multiverse amd64 Packages [25.8 kB] Get:27 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/multiverse Translation-en [7,484 B] Get:28 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/multiverse amd64 c-n-f Metadata [620 B] Get:29 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-backports/main amd64 Packages [45.7 kB] Get:30 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-backports/main Translation-en [16.3 kB] Get:31 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-backports/main amd64 c-n-f Metadata [1,420 B] Get:32 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-backports/universe amd64 Packages [25.0 kB] Get:33 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-backports/universe Translation-en [16.3 kB] Get:34 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-backports/universe amd64 c-n-f Metadata [880 B] Fetched 14.4 MB in 6s (2,221 kB/s) Reading package lists... Done root@myw:~#
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直接安装mysql
apt-get install mysql-server -y
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root@myw:~# apt-get install mysql-server -y Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following additional packages will be installed: libcgi-fast-perl libcgi-pm-perl libencode-locale-perl libevent-core-2.1-7 libevent-pthreads-2.1-7 libfcgi-perl libhtml-parser-perl libhtml-tagset-perl libhtml-template-perl libhttp-date-perl libhttp-message-perl libio-html-perl liblwp-mediatypes-perl libmecab2 libtimedate-perl liburi-perl mecab-ipadic mecab-ipadic-utf8 mecab-utils mysql-client-8.0 mysql-client-core-8.0 mysql-common mysql-server-8.0 mysql-server-core-8.0 Suggested packages: libdata-dump-perl libipc-sharedcache-perl libwww-perl mailx tinyca The following NEW packages will be installed: libcgi-fast-perl libcgi-pm-perl libencode-locale-perl libevent-core-2.1-7 libevent-pthreads-2.1-7 libfcgi-perl libhtml-parser-perl libhtml-tagset-perl libhtml-template-perl libhttp-date-perl libhttp-message-perl libio-html-perl liblwp-mediatypes-perl libmecab2 libtimedate-perl liburi-perl mecab-ipadic mecab-ipadic-utf8 mecab-utils mysql-client-8.0 mysql-client-core-8.0 mysql-common mysql-server mysql-server-8.0 mysql-server-core-8.0 0 upgraded, 25 newly installed, 0 to remove and 271 not upgraded. Need to get 36.7 MB of archives. After this operation, 318 MB of additional disk space will be used. Get:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 mysql-common all 5.8+1.0.5ubuntu2 [7,496 B] Get:2 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 mysql-client-core-8.0 amd64 8.0.34-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 [5,075 kB] Get:3 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 mysql-client-8.0 amd64 8.0.34-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 [22.0 kB] Get:4 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libevent-core-2.1-7 amd64 2.1.11-stable-1 [89.1 kB] Get:5 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libevent-pthreads-2.1-7 amd64 2.1.11-stable-1 [7,372 B] Get:6 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libmecab2 amd64 0.996-10build1 [233 kB] Get:7 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 mysql-server-core-8.0 amd64 8.0.34-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 [22.6 MB] Get:8 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 mysql-server-8.0 amd64 8.0.34-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 [1,325 kB] Get:9 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libhtml-tagset-perl all 3.20-4 [12.5 kB] Get:10 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 liburi-perl all 1.76-2 [77.5 kB] Get:11 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libhtml-parser-perl amd64 3.72-5 [86.3 kB] Get:12 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libcgi-pm-perl all 4.46-1 [186 kB] Get:13 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libfcgi-perl amd64 0.79-1 [33.1 kB] Get:14 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libcgi-fast-perl all 1:2.15-1 [10.5 kB] Get:15 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libencode-locale-perl all 1.05-1 [12.3 kB] Get:16 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libhtml-template-perl all 2.97-1 [59.0 kB] Get:17 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libtimedate-perl all 2.3200-1 [34.0 kB] Get:18 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libhttp-date-perl all 6.05-1 [9,920 B] Get:19 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libio-html-perl all 1.001-1 [14.9 kB] Get:20 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 liblwp-mediatypes-perl all 6.04-1 [19.5 kB] Get:21 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libhttp-message-perl all 6.22-1 [76.1 kB] Get:22 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 mecab-utils amd64 0.996-10build1 [4,912 B] Get:23 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 mecab-ipadic all 2.7.0-20070801+main-2.1 [6,714 kB] Get:24 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 mecab-ipadic-utf8 all 2.7.0-20070801+main-2.1 [4,380 B] Get:25 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 mysql-server all 8.0.34-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 [9,468 B] Fetched 36.7 MB in 12s (3,130 kB/s) Preconfiguring packages ... Selecting previously unselected package mysql-common. (Reading database ... 72145 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to unpack .../0-mysql-common_5.8+1.0.5ubuntu2_all.deb ... Unpacking mysql-common (5.8+1.0.5ubuntu2) ... Selecting previously unselected package mysql-client-core-8.0. Preparing to unpack .../1-mysql-client-core-8.0_8.0.34-0ubuntu0.20.04.1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking mysql-client-core-8.0 (8.0.34-0ubuntu0.20.04.1) ... Selecting previously unselected package mysql-client-8.0. Preparing to unpack .../2-mysql-client-8.0_8.0.34-0ubuntu0.20.04.1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking mysql-client-8.0 (8.0.34-0ubuntu0.20.04.1) ... Selecting previously unselected package libevent-core-2.1-7:amd64. Preparing to unpack .../3-libevent-core-2.1-7_2.1.11-stable-1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking libevent-core-2.1-7:amd64 (2.1.11-stable-1) ... Selecting previously unselected package libevent-pthreads-2.1-7:amd64. Preparing to unpack .../4-libevent-pthreads-2.1-7_2.1.11-stable-1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking libevent-pthreads-2.1-7:amd64 (2.1.11-stable-1) ... Selecting previously unselected package libmecab2:amd64. Preparing to unpack .../5-libmecab2_0.996-10build1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking libmecab2:amd64 (0.996-10build1) ... Selecting previously unselected package mysql-server-core-8.0. Preparing to unpack .../6-mysql-server-core-8.0_8.0.34-0ubuntu0.20.04.1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking mysql-server-core-8.0 (8.0.34-0ubuntu0.20.04.1) ... Setting up mysql-common (5.8+1.0.5ubuntu2) ... update-alternatives: using /etc/mysql/my.cnf.fallback to provide /etc/mysql/my.cnf (my.cnf) in auto mode Selecting previously unselected package mysql-server-8.0. (Reading database ... 72361 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to unpack .../00-mysql-server-8.0_8.0.34-0ubuntu0.20.04.1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking mysql-server-8.0 (8.0.34-0ubuntu0.20.04.1) ... Selecting previously unselected package libhtml-tagset-perl. Preparing to unpack .../01-libhtml-tagset-perl_3.20-4_all.deb ... Unpacking libhtml-tagset-perl (3.20-4) ... Selecting previously unselected package liburi-perl. Preparing to unpack .../02-liburi-perl_1.76-2_all.deb ... Unpacking liburi-perl (1.76-2) ... Selecting previously unselected package libhtml-parser-perl. Preparing to unpack .../03-libhtml-parser-perl_3.72-5_amd64.deb ... Unpacking libhtml-parser-perl (3.72-5) ... Selecting previously unselected package libcgi-pm-perl. Preparing to unpack .../04-libcgi-pm-perl_4.46-1_all.deb ... Unpacking libcgi-pm-perl (4.46-1) ... Selecting previously unselected package libfcgi-perl. Preparing to unpack .../05-libfcgi-perl_0.79-1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking libfcgi-perl (0.79-1) ... Selecting previously unselected package libcgi-fast-perl. Preparing to unpack .../06-libcgi-fast-perl_1%3a2.15-1_all.deb ... Unpacking libcgi-fast-perl (1:2.15-1) ... Selecting previously unselected package libencode-locale-perl. Preparing to unpack .../07-libencode-locale-perl_1.05-1_all.deb ... Unpacking libencode-locale-perl (1.05-1) ... Selecting previously unselected package libhtml-template-perl. Preparing to unpack .../08-libhtml-template-perl_2.97-1_all.deb ... Unpacking libhtml-template-perl (2.97-1) ... Selecting previously unselected package libtimedate-perl. Preparing to unpack .../09-libtimedate-perl_2.3200-1_all.deb ... Unpacking libtimedate-perl (2.3200-1) ... Selecting previously unselected package libhttp-date-perl. Preparing to unpack .../10-libhttp-date-perl_6.05-1_all.deb ... Unpacking libhttp-date-perl (6.05-1) ... Selecting previously unselected package libio-html-perl. Preparing to unpack .../11-libio-html-perl_1.001-1_all.deb ... Unpacking libio-html-perl (1.001-1) ... Selecting previously unselected package liblwp-mediatypes-perl. Preparing to unpack .../12-liblwp-mediatypes-perl_6.04-1_all.deb ... Unpacking liblwp-mediatypes-perl (6.04-1) ... Selecting previously unselected package libhttp-message-perl. Preparing to unpack .../13-libhttp-message-perl_6.22-1_all.deb ... Unpacking libhttp-message-perl (6.22-1) ... Selecting previously unselected package mecab-utils. Preparing to unpack .../14-mecab-utils_0.996-10build1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking mecab-utils (0.996-10build1) ... Selecting previously unselected package mecab-ipadic. Preparing to unpack .../15-mecab-ipadic_2.7.0-20070801+main-2.1_all.deb ... Unpacking mecab-ipadic (2.7.0-20070801+main-2.1) ... Selecting previously unselected package mecab-ipadic-utf8. Preparing to unpack .../16-mecab-ipadic-utf8_2.7.0-20070801+main-2.1_all.deb ... Unpacking mecab-ipadic-utf8 (2.7.0-20070801+main-2.1) ... Selecting previously unselected package mysql-server. Preparing to unpack .../17-mysql-server_8.0.34-0ubuntu0.20.04.1_all.deb ... Unpacking mysql-server (8.0.34-0ubuntu0.20.04.1) ... Setting up libmecab2:amd64 (0.996-10build1) ... Setting up mysql-client-core-8.0 (8.0.34-0ubuntu0.20.04.1) ... Setting up libhtml-tagset-perl (3.20-4) ... Setting up liblwp-mediatypes-perl (6.04-1) ... Setting up libencode-locale-perl (1.05-1) ... Setting up mecab-utils (0.996-10build1) ... Setting up libevent-core-2.1-7:amd64 (2.1.11-stable-1) ... Setting up libio-html-perl (1.001-1) ... Setting up libtimedate-perl (2.3200-1) ... Setting up mysql-client-8.0 (8.0.34-0ubuntu0.20.04.1) ... Setting up libfcgi-perl (0.79-1) ... Setting up liburi-perl (1.76-2) ... Setting up libevent-pthreads-2.1-7:amd64 (2.1.11-stable-1) ... Setting up libhttp-date-perl (6.05-1) ... Setting up mecab-ipadic (2.7.0-20070801+main-2.1) ... Compiling IPA dictionary for Mecab. This takes long time... reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/unk.def ... 40 emitting double-array: 100% |###########################################| /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/model.def is not found. skipped. reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.demonst.csv ... 120 reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Postp-col.csv ... 91 reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.number.csv ... 42 reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Adj.csv ... 27210 reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Postp.csv ... 146 reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.proper.csv ... 27328 reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Conjunction.csv ... 171 reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Auxil.csv ... 199 reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Adverb.csv ... 3032 reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.others.csv ... 151 reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Suffix.csv ... 1393 reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Adnominal.csv ... 135 reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Filler.csv ... 19 reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.place.csv ... 72999 reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Prefix.csv ... 221 reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Symbol.csv ... 208 reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.adverbal.csv ... 795 reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Others.csv ... 2 reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.name.csv ... 34202 reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.adjv.csv ... 3328 reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Interjection.csv ... 252 reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.org.csv ... 16668 reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Verb.csv ... 130750 reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.nai.csv ... 42 reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.verbal.csv ... 12146 reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.csv ... 60477 emitting double-array: 100% |###########################################| reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/matrix.def ... 1316x1316 emitting matrix : 100% |###########################################| done! update-alternatives: using /var/lib/mecab/dic/ipadic to provide /var/lib/mecab/dic/debian (mecab-dictionary) in auto mode Setting up mysql-server-core-8.0 (8.0.34-0ubuntu0.20.04.1) ... Setting up mecab-ipadic-utf8 (2.7.0-20070801+main-2.1) ... Compiling IPA dictionary for Mecab. This takes long time... reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/unk.def ... 40 emitting double-array: 100% |###########################################| /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/model.def is not found. skipped. reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.demonst.csv ... 120 reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Postp-col.csv ... 91 reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.number.csv ... 42 reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Adj.csv ... 27210 reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Postp.csv ... 146 reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.proper.csv ... 27328 reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Conjunction.csv ... 171 reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Auxil.csv ... 199 reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Adverb.csv ... 3032 reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.others.csv ... 151 reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Suffix.csv ... 1393 reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Adnominal.csv ... 135 reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Filler.csv ... 19 reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.place.csv ... 72999 reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Prefix.csv ... 221 reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Symbol.csv ... 208 reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.adverbal.csv ... 795 reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Others.csv ... 2 reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.name.csv ... 34202 reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.adjv.csv ... 3328 reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Interjection.csv ... 252 reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.org.csv ... 16668 reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Verb.csv ... 130750 reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.nai.csv ... 42 reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.verbal.csv ... 12146 reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.csv ... 60477 emitting double-array: 100% |###########################################| reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/matrix.def ... 1316x1316 emitting matrix : 100% |###########################################| done! update-alternatives: using /var/lib/mecab/dic/ipadic-utf8 to provide /var/lib/mecab/dic/debian (mecab-dictionary) in auto mode Setting up libhtml-parser-perl (3.72-5) ... Setting up libhttp-message-perl (6.22-1) ... Setting up mysql-server-8.0 (8.0.34-0ubuntu0.20.04.1) ... update-alternatives: using /etc/mysql/mysql.cnf to provide /etc/mysql/my.cnf (my.cnf) in auto mode Renaming removed key_buffer and myisam-recover options (if present) mysqld will log errors to /var/log/mysql/error.log mysqld is running as pid 19288 Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mysql.service → /lib/systemd/system/mysql.service. insserv: warning: script 'S03denyhosts' missing LSB tags and overrides insserv: warning: script 'denyhosts' missing LSB tags and overrides Setting up libcgi-pm-perl (4.46-1) ... Setting up libhtml-template-perl (2.97-1) ... Setting up mysql-server (8.0.34-0ubuntu0.20.04.1) ... Setting up libcgi-fast-perl (1:2.15-1) ... Processing triggers for systemd (245.4-4ubuntu3.5) ... Processing triggers for man-db (2.9.1-1) ... Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.31-0ubuntu9.2) ... root@myw:~#
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从执行指令安装的这些信息来看 默认安装mysql后 默认是启动的，看这条信息
mysqld will log errors to /var/log/mysql/error.log
mysqld is running as pid 19288
这是一条很欣喜的是消息，首先来确认下mysql的版本 8.0.x
root@myw:~# mysql -V
mysql Ver 8.0.34-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 for Linux on x86_64 ((Ubuntu))
root@myw:~# mysql --version
mysql Ver 8.0.34-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 for Linux on x86_64 ((Ubuntu))
root@myw:~#
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确认下mysql是否启动 在这里使用指令发现缺少工具，那么使用apt安装一下便可以
root@myw:~# netstat -lnp|grep 3306
Command 'netstat' not found, but can be installed with:
apt install net-tools
root@myw:~#
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执行
root@myw:~# apt-get install net-tools Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following NEW packages will be installed: net-tools 0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 271 not upgraded. Need to get 196 kB of archives. After this operation, 864 kB of additional disk space will be used. Get:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 net-tools amd64 1.60+git20180626.aebd88e-1ubuntu1 [196 kB] Fetched 196 kB in 2s (110 kB/s) Selecting previously unselected package net-tools. (Reading database ... 72727 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to unpack .../net-tools_1.60+git20180626.aebd88e-1ubuntu1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking net-tools (1.60+git20180626.aebd88e-1ubuntu1) ... Setting up net-tools (1.60+git20180626.aebd88e-1ubuntu1) ... Processing triggers for man-db (2.9.1-1) ... root@myw:~#
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确认mysql是否运行
root@myw:~# netstat -lnp|grep 3306
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:33060 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 19601/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 19601/mysqld
root@myw:~# netstat -lnp|grep mysql
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:33060 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 19601/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 19601/mysqld
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 163194 19601/mysqld /var/run/mysqld/mysqlx.sock
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 162394 19601/mysqld /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
root@myw:~# netstat -lnp|grep mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:33060 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 19601/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 19601/mysqld
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 163194 19601/mysqld /var/run/mysqld/mysqlx.sock
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 162394 19601/mysqld /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
root@myw:~#
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进入mysql内可以直接使用mysql指令进去，不需要密码
root@myw:~# mysql Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 8 Server version: 8.0.34-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 (Ubuntu) Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> \s -------------- mysql Ver 8.0.34-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 for Linux on x86_64 ((Ubuntu)) Connection id: 8 Current database: Current user: root@localhost SSL: Not in use Current pager: stdout Using outfile: '' Using delimiter: ; Server version: 8.0.34-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 (Ubuntu) Protocol version: 10 Connection: Localhost via UNIX socket Server characterset: utf8mb4 Db characterset: utf8mb4 Client characterset: utf8mb4 Conn. characterset: utf8mb4 UNIX socket: /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock Binary data as: Hexadecimal Uptime: 4 min 33 sec Threads: 2 Questions: 5 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 119 Flush tables: 3 Open tables: 38 Queries per second avg: 0.018 -------------- mysql>
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也可以使用root来登录 root用户不需要输入密码的
root@myw:~# mysql -uroot -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 9 Server version: 8.0.34-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 (Ubuntu) Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>
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查看mysql内的用户信息，发现其中有一条数据User是debian-sys-maint 这条直接删掉
mysql> use mysql Database changed mysql> select Host, User, plugin, authentication_string, password_lifetime from user; +-----------+------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------+ | Host | User | plugin | authentication_string | password_lifetime | +-----------+------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------+ | localhost | debian-sys-maint | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$ ^2lO) KVuHJ5LuXU8r1FPmt5.KJA.LCBgue/SrC42rvBmqDmSv3 | NULL | | localhost | mysql.infoschema | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | NULL | | localhost | mysql.session | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | NULL | | localhost | mysql.sys | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | NULL | | localhost | root | auth_socket | | NULL | +-----------+------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------+ 5 rows in set (0.01 sec) mysql> delete from user where user='debian-sys-maint'; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> select host,user,plugin,authentication_string, password_lifetime from user; +-----------+------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------+ | host | user | plugin | authentication_string | password_lifetime | +-----------+------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------+ | localhost | mysql.infoschema | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | NULL | | localhost | mysql.session | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | NULL | | localhost | mysql.sys | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | NULL | | localhost | root | auth_socket | | NULL | +-----------+------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql>
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数据库执行初始化
安装好mysql数据库后，本身就可以使用了，也可以执行一次初始化(在数据库运行时才能执行)
mysql_secure_installation
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是否启用密码有效验证插件
root@myw:~# mysql_secure_installation
Securing the MySQL server deployment.
Connecting to MySQL using a blank password.
VALIDATE PASSWORD COMPONENT can be used to test passwords
and improve security. It checks the strength of password
and allows the users to set only those passwords which are
secure enough. Would you like to setup VALIDATE PASSWORD component?
// 是否启用密码有效验证插件 必须选择是 y
Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No: y
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设置密码强度复杂度
There are three levels of password validation policy:
LOW Length >= 8
MEDIUM Length >= 8, numeric, mixed case, and special characters
STRONG Length >= 8, numeric, mixed case, special characters and dictionary file
// 设置密码强度复杂度 中级 八位 数字 大小写字母 特殊字符
Please enter 0 = LOW, 1 = MEDIUM and 2 = STRONG: 1
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移除匿名用户
Skipping password set for root as authentication with auth_socket is used by default.
If you would like to use password authentication instead, this can be done with the "ALTER_USER" command.
See https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/alter-user.html#alter-user-password-management for more information.
By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user,
allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have
a user account created for them. This is intended only for
testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother.
You should remove them before moving into a production
environment.
// 移除匿名用户
Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
Success.
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是否允许远程登录
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from
'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at
the root password from the network.
// 是否允许远程登录
Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : n
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删除测试数据库
... skipping.
By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that
anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing,
and should be removed before moving into a production
environment.
// 删除测试数据库
Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
- Dropping test database...
Success.
- Removing privileges on test database...
Success.
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重新刷新权限
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes
made so far will take effect immediately.
重新刷新权限
Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
Success.
All done!
root@myw:~#
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mysql数据安装好 默认加入了开机启动的 因此也不需要担心服务器重启
mysql 常用的 开 关 重启 取消开机启动指令
// 启动 systemctl start mysql // 重启 systemctl restart mysql // 停止 systemctl stop mysql // 查看启动状态 systemctl status mysql // 加入开机启动 systemctl enable mysql // 取消开机启动 systemctl disable mysql
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通过创建一个数据库方式 再去找这个数据库的名字就能找到mysql默认存数据的位置
在centos系统中/etc/my.cnf里配置mysql的参数 但是在Ubuntu系统有些不同，在Ubuntu系统的/etc下面是找不到my.cnf配置文件的，但是可以找到一个mysql的文件夹
打开my.cnf文件 里面的内容如下 mysql.cnf里也差不多的
一般情况下配置编码 但在mysql8里默认编码就可以utf8mb4,所以其他参数在简单应用里不需要调整的，有一个点需要注意，mysql8默认是打开了binlog日志存储的，如果稍微数据量大，那么会产生大量的日志文件(在/var/lib/mysql下面存在，binlog.index, binlog.0000xx这类很大的文件)，云服务器的云盘太少，很容易爆满的，因此一般应用需要把它关掉
可以先去查看
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'log_bin';
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| log_bin | ON |
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
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ON是开启的，关掉需要配置
先找到mysqld.cnf文件
打开后的文件内容
# # The MySQL database server configuration file. # # One can use all long options that the program supports. # Run program with --help to get a list of available options and with # --print-defaults to see which it would actually understand and use. # # For explanations see # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/server-system-variables.html # Here is entries for some specific programs # The following values assume you have at least 32M ram [mysqld] # # * Basic Settings # user = mysql # pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid # socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock # port = 3306 # datadir = /var/lib/mysql # If MySQL is running as a replication slave, this should be # changed. Ref https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/server-system-variables.html#sysvar_tmpdir # tmpdir = /tmp # # Instead of skip-networking the default is now to listen only on # localhost which is more compatible and is not less secure. bind-address = 127.0.0.1 mysqlx-bind-address = 127.0.0.1 # # * Fine Tuning # key_buffer_size = 16M # max_allowed_packet = 64M # thread_stack = 256K # thread_cache_size = -1 # This replaces the startup script and checks MyISAM tables if needed # the first time they are touched myisam-recover-options = BACKUP # max_connections = 151 # table_open_cache = 4000 # # * Logging and Replication # # Both location gets rotated by the cronjob. # # Log all queries # Be aware that this log type is a performance killer. # general_log_file = /var/log/mysql/query.log # general_log = 1 # # Error log - should be very few entries. # log_error = /var/log/mysql/error.log # # Here you can see queries with especially long duration # slow_query_log = 1 # slow_query_log_file = /var/log/mysql/mysql-slow.log # long_query_time = 2 # log-queries-not-using-indexes # # The following can be used as easy to replay backup logs or for replication. # note: if you are setting up a replication slave, see README.Debian about # other settings you may need to change. # server-id = 1 # log_bin = /var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log # binlog_expire_logs_seconds = 2592000 max_binlog_size = 100M # binlog_do_db = include_database_name # binlog_ignore_db = include_database_name
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在这个文件的末尾加上配置
disable-log-bin
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或者
skip-log-bin
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再执行指令
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'log_bin';
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| log_bin | OFF |
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
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可以看到biglog已经关掉了
注意点儿！！！！超级注意点！！！！
如果安装的ubuntu(ubuntu22.04和ubuntu20.04)系统是直接在硬件设备上的（比如自家笔记本电脑非win系统下的虚拟机ubuntu） 按照上述方式修改配置文件内容是无法关闭binlog日志的 也尝试过在其他方式也不生效 特别奇怪，但在云服务器ubuntu22.04和20版本是可以生效的
不生效意味着binlog日志会很多，出现类似下面这种情况
查询指令，可以看到file的名字
mysql> show master status;
+---------------+-----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+---------------+-----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| binlog.000006 | 124114816 | | | |
+---------------+-----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
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手动清除日志的指令
reset master;
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mysql> reset master;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.79 sec)
mysql> show master status;
+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| binlog.000001 | 5054 | | | |
+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
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查看具体目录下的信息
可以看到binlog重新从0开始了记录，这样倒也可以定时执行mysql的指令，避免日志过大
查询指令可以看到更多信息
show variables like "%bin%";
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mysql> show variables like "%bin%"; +------------------------------------------------+----------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +------------------------------------------------+----------------------+ | bind_address | 127.0.0.1 | | binlog_cache_size | 32768 | | binlog_checksum | CRC32 | | binlog_direct_non_transactional_updates | OFF | | binlog_encryption | OFF | | binlog_error_action | ABORT_SERVER | | binlog_expire_logs_auto_purge | ON | | binlog_expire_logs_seconds | 2592000 | | binlog_format | ROW | | binlog_group_commit_sync_delay | 0 | | binlog_group_commit_sync_no_delay_count | 0 | | binlog_gtid_simple_recovery | ON | | binlog_max_flush_queue_time | 0 | | binlog_order_commits | ON | | binlog_rotate_encryption_master_key_at_startup | OFF | | binlog_row_event_max_size | 8192 | | binlog_row_image | FULL | | binlog_row_metadata | MINIMAL | | binlog_row_value_options | | | binlog_rows_query_log_events | OFF | | binlog_stmt_cache_size | 32768 | | binlog_transaction_compression | OFF | | binlog_transaction_compression_level_zstd | 3 | | binlog_transaction_dependency_history_size | 25000 | | binlog_transaction_dependency_tracking | COMMIT_ORDER | | innodb_api_enable_binlog | OFF | | log_bin | OFF | | log_bin_basename | | | log_bin_index | | | log_bin_trust_function_creators | OFF | | log_bin_use_v1_row_events | OFF | | log_statements_unsafe_for_binlog | ON | | max_binlog_cache_size | 18446744073709547520 | | max_binlog_size | 104857600 | | max_binlog_stmt_cache_size | 18446744073709547520 | | mysqlx_bind_address | 127.0.0.1 | | sql_log_bin | ON | | sync_binlog | 1 | +------------------------------------------------+----------------------+ 38 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql>
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远程路由连接mysql
mysql安装在云端 要在本地通过一些远程连接工具来连接云端的mysql 需要创建能够远程连接的账号
mysql> CREATE USER 'myroot'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'myW.123456'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'myroot'@'%'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> use mysql Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed mysql> select Host, User, plugin, authentication_string, password_lifetime, password_last_changed from user; +-----------+------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------+-----------------------+ | Host | User | plugin | authentication_string | password_lifetime | password_last_changed | +-----------+------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------+-----------------------+ | % | myroot | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$^`=S'1HhJ|hR/^,9,iVqqzJ3IKSfy7BMFtllgWqDvbSm5U76E84OVTJXWQZUtF. | NULL | 2023-09-21 14:18:21 | | localhost | mysql.infoschema | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | NULL | 2023-09-21 12:40:28 | | localhost | mysql.session | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | NULL | 2023-09-21 12:40:28 | | localhost | mysql.sys | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | NULL | 2023-09-21 12:40:28 | | localhost | root | auth_socket | | NULL | 2023-09-21 12:40:28 | +-----------+------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------+-----------------------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql>
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可以看到我在这里创建了一个myroot用户 密码是myW.123456 是满足远程连接的
使用navicat(15版本以上支持mysql8的效果更好)
可以看到连接不上，
在centos下安装的mysql8 只要账号满足就可以自我本地电脑远程连接，但是在Ubuntu下还需要改刚才的那个配置文件
目录下面
/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf
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将
bind-address = 127.0.0.1
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改成
bind-address = 0.0.0.0
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修改后必须重启mysql 不重启不生效的
然后访问
再来看在Ubuntu系统里关于mysql的信息和路径
root@myw:~# whereis mysql mysql: /usr/bin/mysql /usr/lib/mysql /etc/mysql /usr/share/mysql /usr/share/man/man1/mysql.1.gz root@myw:~# find / -name 'mysql*' /etc/init/mysql.conf /etc/logrotate.d/mysql-server /etc/apparmor.d/abstractions/mysql /etc/mysql /etc/mysql/mysql.cnf /etc/mysql/conf.d/mysql.cnf /etc/mysql/conf.d/mysqldump.cnf /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysql.cnf /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf /etc/init.d/mysql /etc/logcheck/ignore.d.workstation/mysql-server-8_0 /etc/logcheck/ignore.d.server/mysql-server-8_0 /etc/logcheck/ignore.d.paranoid/mysql-server-8_0 /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mysql.service /usr/bin/mysqlpump /usr/bin/mysqld_multi /usr/bin/mysql_migrate_keyring /usr/bin/mysqlshow /usr/bin/mysqloptimize /usr/bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup /usr/bin/mysqlslap /usr/bin/mysql_config_editor /usr/bin/mysqlreport /usr/bin/mysqldump /usr/bin/mysqladmin /usr/bin/mysql_tzinfo_to_sql /usr/bin/mysqlimport /usr/bin/mysqlrepair /usr/bin/mysqld_safe /usr/bin/mysqlanalyze /usr/bin/mysqldumpslow /usr/bin/mysql_upgrade /usr/bin/mysql /usr/bin/mysqlbinlog /usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation /usr/bin/mysqlcheck /usr/sbin/mysqld /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/sos/report/plugins/__pycache__/mysql.cpython-38.pyc /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/sos/report/plugins/mysql.py /usr/lib/mysql /usr/lib/mysql/plugin/mysql_no_login.so /usr/lib/mysql/plugin/mysql_clone.so /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysql.service /usr/share/lintian/overrides/mysql-client-8.0 /usr/share/lintian/overrides/mysql-common /usr/share/lintian/overrides/mysql-server-8.0 /usr/share/mysql-common /usr/share/bash-completion/completions/mysqladmin /usr/share/bash-completion/completions/mysql /usr/share/vim/vim81/syntax/mysql.vim /usr/share/man/man1/mysqlrepair.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mysqladmin.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mysqldumpslow.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mysqloptimize.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mysql.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mysqlbinlog.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mysqlreport.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mysqldump.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mysql_upgrade.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mysql_tzinfo_to_sql.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mysqlanalyze.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mysql_config_editor.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mysqlman.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mysqlpump.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mysqlshow.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mysqld_multi.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mysqld_safe.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mysqlimport.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mysql_secure_installation.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mysqlslap.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mysqlcheck.1.gz /usr/share/man/man8/mysqld.8.gz /usr/share/mysql /usr/share/mysql/mysqld_multi.server /usr/share/mysql/mysql-log-rotate /usr/share/mysql/mysql-systemd-start /usr/share/doc/mysql-client-8.0 /usr/share/doc/mysql-common /usr/share/doc/mysql-server-8.0 /usr/share/doc/mysql-server-8.0/mysqld.sym.gz /usr/share/doc/mysql-client-core-8.0 /usr/share/doc/mysql-server-core-8.0 /usr/share/doc/mysql-server /run/mysqld /run/mysqld/mysqld.sock /run/mysqld/mysqld.sock.lock /run/mysqld/mysqlx.sock /run/mysqld/mysqlx.sock.lock /var/log/mysql /var/cache/apt/archives/mysql-server-8.0_8.0.34-0ubuntu0.20.04.1_amd64.deb /var/cache/apt/archives/mysql-server-core-8.0_8.0.34-0ubuntu0.20.04.1_amd64.deb /var/cache/apt/archives/mysql-server_8.0.34-0ubuntu0.20.04.1_all.deb /var/cache/apt/archives/mysql-client-core-8.0_8.0.34-0ubuntu0.20.04.1_amd64.deb /var/cache/apt/archives/mysql-common_5.8+1.0.5ubuntu2_all.deb /var/cache/apt/archives/mysql-client-8.0_8.0.34-0ubuntu0.20.04.1_amd64.deb /var/lib/mysql-keyring /var/lib/dpkg/info/mysql-server.list /var/lib/dpkg/info/mysql-server-8.0.prerm /var/lib/dpkg/info/mysql-common.preinst /var/lib/dpkg/info/mysql-common.conffiles /var/lib/dpkg/info/mysql-common.postinst /var/lib/dpkg/info/mysql-common.list /var/lib/dpkg/info/mysql-common.md5sums /var/lib/dpkg/info/mysql-server-8.0.postrm /var/lib/dpkg/info/mysql-common.prerm /var/lib/dpkg/info/mysql-server-8.0.templates /var/lib/dpkg/info/mysql-client-8.0.list /var/lib/dpkg/info/mysql-client-core-8.0.md5sums /var/lib/dpkg/info/mysql-server.md5sums /var/lib/dpkg/info/mysql-server-8.0.preinst /var/lib/dpkg/info/mysql-server-8.0.postinst /var/lib/dpkg/info/mysql-server-8.0.conffiles /var/lib/dpkg/info/mysql-server-8.0.md5sums /var/lib/dpkg/info/mysql-server-8.0.list /var/lib/dpkg/info/mysql-server-core-8.0.triggers /var/lib/dpkg/info/mysql-server-8.0.config /var/lib/dpkg/info/mysql-client-core-8.0.list /var/lib/dpkg/info/mysql-server-core-8.0.md5sums /var/lib/dpkg/info/mysql-client-8.0.md5sums /var/lib/dpkg/info/mysql-server-core-8.0.list /var/lib/dpkg/info/mysql-common.postrm /var/lib/dpkg/info/mysql-server-core-8.0.shlibs /var/lib/mysql-upgrade /var/lib/mysql /var/lib/mysql/mysql.ibd /var/lib/mysql/mysql /var/lib/mysql-files /var/lib/systemd/deb-systemd-helper-enabled/multi-user.target.wants/mysql.service /var/lib/systemd/deb-systemd-helper-enabled/mysql.service.dsh-also /sys/fs/cgroup/pids/system.slice/mysql.service /sys/fs/cgroup/devices/system.slice/mysql.service /sys/fs/cgroup/memory/system.slice/mysql.service /sys/fs/cgroup/systemd/system.slice/mysql.service /sys/fs/cgroup/unified/system.slice/mysql.service root@myw:~#
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卸载mysql
首先查看mysql的依赖项
dpkg --list|grep mysql
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root@myw:~# dpkg --list|grep mysql
ii mysql-client-8.0 8.0.34-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 amd64 MySQL database client binaries
ii mysql-client-core-8.0 8.0.34-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 amd64 MySQL database core client binaries
ii mysql-common 5.8+1.0.5ubuntu2 all MySQL database common files, e.g. /etc/mysql/my.cnf
ii mysql-server 8.0.34-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 all MySQL database server (metapackage depending on the latest version)
ii mysql-server-8.0 8.0.34-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 amd64 MySQL database server binaries and system database setup
ii mysql-server-core-8.0 8.0.34-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 amd64 MySQL database server binaries
root@myw:~#
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卸载
apt-get autoremove mysql* --purge
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root@myw:~# apt-get autoremove mysql* --purge Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Note, selecting 'mysql-source-8.0' for glob 'mysql*' Note, selecting 'mysqltcl' for glob 'mysql*' Note, selecting 'mysql-client-5.5' for glob 'mysql*' Note, selecting 'mysql-client-5.6' for glob 'mysql*' Note, selecting 'mysql-client-5.7' for glob 'mysql*' Note, selecting 'mysql-common-5.6' for glob 'mysql*' Note, selecting 'mysql-server-5.5' for glob 'mysql*' Note, selecting 'mysql-server-5.6' for glob 'mysql*' Note, selecting 'mysql-server-5.7' for glob 'mysql*' Note, selecting 'mysql-client-8.0' for glob 'mysql*' Note, selecting 'mysql-testsuite' for glob 'mysql*' Note, selecting 'mysql-server' for glob 'mysql*' Note, selecting 'mysql-router' for glob 'mysql*' Note, selecting 'mysql-server-8.0' for glob 'mysql*' Note, selecting 'mysql-client' for glob 'mysql*' Note, selecting 'mysql-sandbox' for glob 'mysql*' Note, selecting 'mysql-client-core-5.5' for glob 'mysql*' Note, selecting 'mysql-client-core-5.6' for glob 'mysql*' Note, selecting 'mysql-client-core-5.7' for glob 'mysql*' Note, selecting 'mysql-client-core-8.0' for glob 'mysql*' Note, selecting 'mysql-testsuite-5.5' for glob 'mysql*' Note, selecting 'mysql-testsuite-5.6' for glob 'mysql*' Note, selecting 'mysql-testsuite-5.7' for glob 'mysql*' Note, selecting 'mysql-common' for glob 'mysql*' Note, selecting 'mysql-testsuite-8.0' for glob 'mysql*' Note, selecting 'mysqltuner' for glob 'mysql*' Note, selecting 'mysql-server-core-5.5' for glob 'mysql*' Note, selecting 'mysql-server-core-5.6' for glob 'mysql*' Note, selecting 'mysql-server-core-5.7' for glob 'mysql*' Note, selecting 'mysql-server-core-8.0' for glob 'mysql*' Package 'mysql-client-5.7' is not installed, so not removed Package 'mysql-client-core-5.7' is not installed, so not removed Note, selecting 'mysql-common' instead of 'mysql-common-5.6' Package 'mysql-server-5.5' is not installed, so not removed Package 'mysql-server-5.7' is not installed, so not removed Package 'mysql-server-core-5.7' is not installed, so not removed Package 'mysql-client-core-5.5' is not installed, so not removed Package 'mysql-client-core-5.6' is not installed, so not removed Package 'mysql-client-5.5' is not installed, so not removed Package 'mysql-client-5.6' is not installed, so not removed Package 'mysql-server-core-5.5' is not installed, so not removed Package 'mysql-server-core-5.6' is not installed, so not removed Package 'mysql-server-5.6' is not installed, so not removed Package 'mysql-testsuite-5.5' is not installed, so not removed Package 'mysql-testsuite-5.6' is not installed, so not removed Package 'mysql-testsuite-5.7' is not installed, so not removed Package 'mysql-sandbox' is not installed, so not removed Package 'mysqltcl' is not installed, so not removed Package 'mysqltuner' is not installed, so not removed Package 'mysql-client' is not installed, so not removed Package 'mysql-router' is not installed, so not removed Package 'mysql-source-8.0' is not installed, so not removed Package 'mysql-testsuite' is not installed, so not removed Package 'mysql-testsuite-8.0' is not installed, so not removed The following packages will be REMOVED: libcgi-fast-perl* libcgi-pm-perl* libencode-locale-perl* libevent-core-2.1-7* libevent-pthreads-2.1-7* libfcgi-perl* libhtml-parser-perl* libhtml-tagset-perl* libhtml-template-perl* libhttp-date-perl* libhttp-message-perl* libio-html-perl* liblwp-mediatypes-perl* libmecab2* libtimedate-perl* liburi-perl* mecab-ipadic* mecab-ipadic-utf8* mecab-utils* mysql-client-8.0* mysql-client-core-8.0* mysql-common* mysql-server* mysql-server-8.0* mysql-server-core-8.0* 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 25 to remove and 271 not upgraded. After this operation, 318 MB disk space will be freed. Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y (Reading database ... 72776 files and directories currently installed.) Removing libcgi-fast-perl (1:2.15-1) ... Removing libhtml-template-perl (2.97-1) ... Removing libcgi-pm-perl (4.46-1) ... Removing libhttp-message-perl (6.22-1) ... Removing libencode-locale-perl (1.05-1) ... Removing mysql-server (8.0.34-0ubuntu0.20.04.1) ... Removing mysql-server-8.0 (8.0.34-0ubuntu0.20.04.1) ... update-alternatives: using /etc/mysql/my.cnf.fallback to provide /etc/mysql/my.cnf (my.cnf) in auto mode Removing mysql-server-core-8.0 (8.0.34-0ubuntu0.20.04.1) ... Removing libevent-pthreads-2.1-7:amd64 (2.1.11-stable-1) ... Removing libevent-core-2.1-7:amd64 (2.1.11-stable-1) ... Removing libfcgi-perl (0.79-1) ... Removing libhtml-parser-perl (3.72-5) ... Removing libhtml-tagset-perl (3.20-4) ... Removing libhttp-date-perl (6.05-1) ... Removing libio-html-perl (1.001-1) ... Removing liblwp-mediatypes-perl (6.04-1) ... Removing mecab-ipadic-utf8 (2.7.0-20070801+main-2.1) ... update-alternatives: using /var/lib/mecab/dic/ipadic to provide /var/lib/mecab/dic/debian (mecab-dictionary) in auto mode Removing mecab-ipadic (2.7.0-20070801+main-2.1) ... Removing mecab-utils (0.996-10build1) ... Removing libmecab2:amd64 (0.996-10build1) ... Removing libtimedate-perl (2.3200-1) ... Removing liburi-perl (1.76-2) ... Removing mysql-client-8.0 (8.0.34-0ubuntu0.20.04.1) ... Removing mysql-client-core-8.0 (8.0.34-0ubuntu0.20.04.1) ... Removing mysql-common (5.8+1.0.5ubuntu2) ... Processing triggers for man-db (2.9.1-1) ... Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.31-0ubuntu9.2) ... (Reading database ... 72215 files and directories currently installed.) Purging configuration files for mysql-server-8.0 (8.0.34-0ubuntu0.20.04.1) ... insserv: warning: script 'S03denyhosts' missing LSB tags and overrides insserv: warning: script 'denyhosts' missing LSB tags and overrides Purging configuration files for libmecab2:amd64 (0.996-10build1) ... Purging configuration files for mysql-common (5.8+1.0.5ubuntu2) ... dpkg: warning: while removing mysql-common, directory '/etc/mysql' not empty so not removed Processing triggers for systemd (245.4-4ubuntu3.5) ... root@myw:~# dpkg --list|grep mysql root@myw:~#
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可以看到mysql的依赖项都卸载了，在查询有没有mysql
root@myw:~# whereis mysql
mysql: /etc/mysql
root@myw:~#
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可以看到配置文件夹还在 删除配置文件夹
root@myw:~# rm -rf /etc/mysql
root@myw:~# whereis mysql
mysql:
root@myw:~#
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再看
root@myw:~# find / -name 'mysql*' /etc/apparmor.d/abstractions/mysql /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/sos/report/plugins/__pycache__/mysql.cpython-38.pyc /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/sos/report/plugins/mysql.py /usr/share/bash-completion/completions/mysqladmin /usr/share/bash-completion/completions/mysql /usr/share/vim/vim81/syntax/mysql.vim /var/cache/apt/archives/mysql-server-8.0_8.0.34-0ubuntu0.20.04.1_amd64.deb /var/cache/apt/archives/mysql-server-core-8.0_8.0.34-0ubuntu0.20.04.1_amd64.deb /var/cache/apt/archives/mysql-server_8.0.34-0ubuntu0.20.04.1_all.deb /var/cache/apt/archives/mysql-client-core-8.0_8.0.34-0ubuntu0.20.04.1_amd64.deb /var/cache/apt/archives/mysql-common_5.8+1.0.5ubuntu2_all.deb /var/cache/apt/archives/mysql-client-8.0_8.0.34-0ubuntu0.20.04.1_amd64.deb /var/lib/mysql-keyring /var/lib/mysql /var/lib/mysql/mysql.ibd /var/lib/mysql/mysql /var/lib/mysql-files root@myw:~#
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mysql虽然卸载了但是他的配置信息依旧是保留着的 刚刚删了/etc/mysql的配置文件夹 现在来看mysql的存储数据的地方/var/lib/mysql***
这里面的文件就是mysql原有的数据信息，一般我们都是备份后才卸载mysql的，所以这里面的文件没用了需要删掉
root@myw:~# rm -rf /var/lib/mysql root@myw:~# rm -rf /var/lib/mysql-keyring root@myw:~# rm -rf /var/lib/mysql-files root@myw:~# find / -name 'mysql*' /etc/apparmor.d/abstractions/mysql /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/sos/report/plugins/__pycache__/mysql.cpython-38.pyc /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/sos/report/plugins/mysql.py /usr/share/bash-completion/completions/mysqladmin /usr/share/bash-completion/completions/mysql /usr/share/vim/vim81/syntax/mysql.vim /var/cache/apt/archives/mysql-server-8.0_8.0.34-0ubuntu0.20.04.1_amd64.deb /var/cache/apt/archives/mysql-server-core-8.0_8.0.34-0ubuntu0.20.04.1_amd64.deb /var/cache/apt/archives/mysql-server_8.0.34-0ubuntu0.20.04.1_all.deb /var/cache/apt/archives/mysql-client-core-8.0_8.0.34-0ubuntu0.20.04.1_amd64.deb /var/cache/apt/archives/mysql-common_5.8+1.0.5ubuntu2_all.deb /var/cache/apt/archives/mysql-client-8.0_8.0.34-0ubuntu0.20.04.1_amd64.deb root@myw:~#
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在/var/cache/apt/archives/下关于mysql的deb文件 可以不删除 但是要改变mysql的版本 建议还是可以删除的
root@myw:~# rm -rf /var/cache/apt/archives/mysql*
root@myw:~# find / -name 'mysql*'
/etc/apparmor.d/abstractions/mysql
/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/sos/report/plugins/__pycache__/mysql.cpython-38.pyc
/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/sos/report/plugins/mysql.py
/usr/share/bash-completion/completions/mysqladmin
/usr/share/bash-completion/completions/mysql
/usr/share/vim/vim81/syntax/mysql.vim
root@myw:~#
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如此在Ubuntu下面mysql算是卸载干净了。
在Ubuntu系统下安装mysql比在centos要稍显简单一点儿，其他安装方式遇到再记录
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