linux安装包报错-monocle包_error in download.file(url, destfile, method, mode

安装代码

if (!require("BiocManager", quietly = TRUE))
    install.packages("BiocManager")

BiocManager::install("monocle")
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安装monocle包报错1

Error in download.file(url, destfile, method, mode = "wb", ...) :
  download from 'https://bioconductor.org/packages/3.15/bioc/src/contrib/monocle_2.24.1.tar.gz' failed
In addition: Warning messages:
1: In download.file(url, destfile, method, mode = "wb", ...) :
  downloaded length 6533867 != reported length 9450203
2: In download.file(url, destfile, method, mode = "wb", ...) :
  URL 'https://bioconductor.org/packages/3.15/bioc/src/contrib/monocle_2.24.1.tar.gz': Timeout of 300 seconds was reached
Warning in download.packages(pkgs, destdir = tmpd, available = available,  :
  download of package ‘monocle’ failed
ERROR: failed to lock directory ‘/usr/local/lib/R/site-library’ for modifying
Try removing ‘/usr/local/lib/R/site-library/00LOCK-RBGL’
ERROR: failed to lock directory ‘/usr/local/lib/R/site-library’ for modifying
Try removing ‘/usr/local/lib/R/site-library/00LOCK-DDRTree’

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报错里面提到

Error in download.file(url, destfile, method, mode = "wb", ...) :
  download from 'https://bioconductor.org/packages/3.15/bioc/src/contrib/monocle_2.24.1.tar.gz' failed
In addition: Warning messages:
1: In download.file(url, destfile, method, mode = "wb", ...) :
  downloaded length 6533867 != reported length 9450203
2: In download.file(url, destfile, method, mode = "wb", ...) :
  URL 'https://bioconductor.org/packages/3.15/bioc/src/contrib/monocle_2.24.1.tar.gz': Timeout of 300 seconds was reached
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可能是由于网络问题

ERROR: failed to lock directory ‘/usr/local/lib/R/site-library’ for modifying
Try removing ‘/usr/local/lib/R/site-library/00LOCK-RBGL’
ERROR: failed to lock directory ‘/usr/local/lib/R/site-library’ for modifying
Try removing ‘/usr/local/lib/R/site-library/00LOCK-DDRTree’
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原因：网络不好，以前安装的未成功，残留文件
解决：删除R目录下 /usr/local/lib/R/site-library中的00LOCK-RBGL文件夹
以及/usr/local/lib/R/site-library中的00LOCK-DDRTree文价夹
或者，安装时候用

install.packages("stringi", dependencies=TRUE, INSTALL_opts = c('--no-lock'))
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安装monocle包报错2

Error: package or namespace load failed for ‘leidenbase’ in dyn.load(file, DLLpath = DLLpath, ...):
 unable to load shared object '/usr/local/lib/R/site-library/00LOCK-leidenbase/00new/leidenbase/libs/leidenbase.so':
  libgfortran.so.4: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
Error: loading failed
Execution halted
ERROR: loading failed
* removing ‘/usr/local/lib/R/site-library/leidenbase’
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原因：网络不好，以前安装的未成功，残留文件
解决：删除R目录下/usr/local/lib/R/site-library/leidenbase

重新尝试以后再次报错

Error: package or namespace load failed for ‘leidenbase’ in dyn.load(file, DLLpath = DLLpath, ...):
 unable to load shared object '/usr/local/lib/R/site-library/00LOCK-leidenbase/00new/leidenbase/libs/leidenbase.so':
  libgfortran.so.4: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
Error: loading failed
Execution halted
ERROR: loading failed
* removing ‘/usr/local/lib/R/site-library/leidenbase’

Warning messages:
1: In install.packages(...) :
  installation of package ‘leidenbase’ had non-zero exit status
2: In install.packages(...) :
  installation of package ‘monocle’ had non-zero exit status

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其实错误的根本是在R中安装包的时候调用了系统安装的非R的动态库，在本地lib路径( 不是 R 软件包) 中有 libiconv.so，包含在 LD_LIBRARY_PATH 中，在 R 会话中验证也可以发现

Sys.getenv("LD_LIBRARY_PATH")
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[1] "/usr/lib/R/lib:/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu:/usr/lib/jvm/default-java/lib/server"
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具有该目录。但是R 库加载程序时无法找到这里共享对象，所以这个错误就是R包的非R依赖项的问题。

1.linux系统中 -没有效果

apt-get install libglpk40
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2.清洗器解决办法

使用withr::with_makevars，这个方法允许临时控制Makevars内容，使用这个方式，可以直接从repo安装R包：

withr::with_makevars(c(PKG_LIBS = "-libgfortran"), install.packages("leidenbase"), assignment = "+=")

## or

with_makevars(c(PKG_CFLAGS = "-std=c11"), install.packages("plyr", repos = NULL, type = "source"), assignment = "+=")
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3.观察到有一点报错的情况 -有用

ImportError: libgfortran.so.4: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
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解决方法

find ~ -name libgfortran.so.4.0.0
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显示

/root/anaconda3/lib/libgfortran.so.4.0.0
/root/anaconda3/pkgs/libgfortran4-7.5.0-ha8ba4b0_17/lib/libgfortran.so.4.0.0
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查找

find ~ -name libgfortran.so.4
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显示

/root/anaconda3/pkgs/libgfortran4-7.5.0-ha8ba4b0_17/lib/libgfortran.so.4
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运行如下命令

ln -s /root/anaconda3/pkgs/libgfortran4-7.5.0-ha8ba4b0_17/lib/libgfortran.so.4  /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu
ln -s /root/anaconda3/pkgs/libgfortran4-7.5.0-ha8ba4b0_17/lib/libgfortran.so.4 /usr/lib/R/lib
ln -s /root/anaconda3/pkgs/libgfortran4-7.5.0-ha8ba4b0_17/lib/libgfortran.so.4 /usr/lib/jvm/default-java/lib/server
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Rstudio又报错

Error: package or namespace load failed for ‘monocle’ in dyn.load(file, DLLpath = DLLpath, ...):
 unable to load shared object '/usr/local/lib/R/site-library/leidenbase/libs/leidenbase.so':
  libgfortran.so.4: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
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解决
在网页版Rstudio运行

install.packages("leidenbase",force = TRUE)
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