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ELK入门(四)-logstash

ELK入门(四)-logstash

Logstash

Logstash 是开源的服务器端数据处理管道,能够同时从多个来源采集数据,转换数据,然后将数据发送到您最喜欢的存储库中。

Logstash 能够动态地采集、转换和传输数据,不受格式或复杂度的影响。利用 Grok 从非结构化数据中派生出结构,从 IP 地址解码出地理坐标,匿名化或排除敏感字段,并简化整体处理过程。

数据往往以各种各样的形式,或分散或集中地存在于很多系统中。Logstash 支持各种输入选择 ,可以在同一时间从众多常用来源捕捉事件,能够以连续的流式传输方式,轻松地从您的日志、指标、Web 应用、数据存储以及各种 AWS 服务采集数据。

下载logstash镜像

查询镜像
[root@localhost elk]# docker search logstash
NAME                                                           DESCRIPTION                                      STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
logstash                                                       Logstash is a tool for managing events and l…   2141      [OK]       
opensearchproject/logstash-oss-with-opensearch-output-plugin   The Official Docker Image of Logstash with O…   17                   
grafana/logstash-output-loki                                   Logstash plugin to send logs to Loki             3                    
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拉取镜像
[root@localhost elk]# docker pull logstash:7.17.7
7.17.7: Pulling from library/logstash
fb0b3276a519: Already exists 
4a9a59914a22: Pull complete 
5b31ddf2ac4e: Pull complete 
162661d00d08: Pull complete 
706a1bf2d5e3: Pull complete 
741874f127b9: Pull complete 
d03492354dd2: Pull complete 
a5245bb90f80: Pull complete 
05103a3b7940: Pull complete 
815ba6161ff7: Pull complete 
7777f80b5df4: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:93030161613312c65d84fb2ace25654badbb935604a545df91d2e93e28511bca
Status: Downloaded newer image for logstash:7.17.7
docker.io/library/logstash:7.17.7
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创建logstash容器

创建logstash容器,为拷贝配置文件。

docker run --name logstash -d logstash:7.17.7

CONTAINER ID   IMAGE                  COMMAND                   CREATED         STATUS         PORTS                                                                                                                                      NAMES
511e983027e7   logstash:7.17.7        "/usr/local/bin/dock…"   4 seconds ago   Up 4 seconds   5044/tcp, 9600/tcp                                                                                                                         logstash
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配置文件

挂载文件夹

从容器中拷贝文件到/usr/local/software/elk/logstash下

[root@localhost logstash]# 
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配置文件

从容器中拷贝文件到linux

[root@localhost logstash]# docker cp  logstash:/usr/share/logstash/config/ ./
                                               Successfully copied 11.8kB to /usr/local/software/elk/logstash/./
[root@localhost logstash]# docker cp  logstash:/usr/share/logstash/data/ ./
                                               Successfully copied 4.1kB to /usr/local/software/elk/logstash/./
[root@localhost logstash]# docker cp  logstash:/usr/share/logstash/pipeline/ ./
                                               Successfully copied 2.56kB to /usr/local/software/elk/logstash/./
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创建一个日志文件夹

mkdir logs
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logstash.yml
path.logs: /usr/share/logstash/logs
config.test_and_exit: false
config.reload.automatic: false
http.host: "0.0.0.0" 
xpack.monitoring.elasticsearch.hosts: [ "http://192.168.198.128:9200" ]
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pipelines.yml
# This file is where you define your pipelines. You can define multiple.
# For more information on multiple pipelines, see the documentation:
#   https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/logstash/current/multiple-pipelines.html

- pipeline.id: main
  path.config: "/usr/share/logstash/pipeline/logstash.conf"
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logstash.conf
input {
  tcp {
    mode => "server"
    host => "0.0.0.0"
    port => 5044
    codec => json_lines
  }
}
filter{
}
output {
    elasticsearch {
      hosts => ["192.168.198.128:9200"]       #elasticsearch的ip地址
      index => "elk"                          #索引名称
    }
    stdout { codec => rubydebug }
}
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创建运行容器

docker run -it \
--name logstash \
--privileged=true \
-p 5044:5044 \
-p 9600:9600 \
--network wn_docker_net \
--ip 172.18.12.54 \
-v /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime \
-v /usr/local/software/elk/logstash/config:/usr/share/logstash/config \
-v /usr/local/software/elk/logstash/data:/usr/share/logstash/data \
-v /usr/local/software/elk/logstash/logs:/usr/share/logstash/logs \
-v /usr/local/software/elk/logstash/pipeline:/usr/share/logstash/pipeline \
-d logstash:7.17.7
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由于挂载有时候不成功,可以先创建容器后把文件拷贝到config, pipeline中。

docker run -it \
--name logstash \
--privileged=true \
-p 5044:5044 \
-p 9600:9600 \
--network wn_docker_net \
--ip 172.18.12.54 \
-v /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime \
-d logstash:7.17.7
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springboot整合logstash

kibana创建索引
创建索引对象

在kibana中创建索引,索引名称和logstash.conf中的index名称一致。

 #logstash.conf中配置的内容
 elasticsearch {
      hosts => ["192.168.198.128:9200"]       #elasticsearch的ip地址
      index => "elk"                          #索引名称
    }
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image-20230730162558014·image-20230730162824149

创建索引模式

在菜单中选择Management —> StackManagement 点击 Add integrations

Kibana–>index Patterns

image-20230730161940092 image-20230730162026045

image-20230730162149828

image-20230730162946743

image-20230730163010384

springboot
引入依赖
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.wnhz.elk</groupId>
    <artifactId>springboot-elk</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.5.14</version>
    </parent>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>net.logstash.logback</groupId>
            <artifactId>logstash-logback-encoder</artifactId>
            <version>7.3</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

</project>
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编辑logback-spring.xml文件

image-20230730164653863

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!-- 日志级别从低到高分为TRACE < DEBUG < INFO < WARN < ERROR < FATAL,如果设置为WARN,则低于WARN的信息都不会输出 -->
<!-- scan:当此属性设置为true时,配置文档如果发生改变,将会被重新加载,默认值为true -->
<!-- scanPeriod:设置监测配置文档是否有修改的时间间隔,如果没有给出时间单位,默认单位是毫秒。
                 当scan为true时,此属性生效。默认的时间间隔为1分钟。 -->
<!-- debug:当此属性设置为true时,将打印出logback内部日志信息,实时查看logback运行状态。默认值为false。 -->
<configuration scan="true" scanPeriod="10 seconds">

    <!--1. 输出到控制台-->
    <appender name="CONSOLE" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
        <!--此日志appender是为开发使用,只配置最低级别,控制台输出的日志级别是大于或等于此级别的日志信息-->
        <filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.ThresholdFilter">
            <level>DEBUG</level>
        </filter>
        <encoder>
            <pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} -%5level ---[%15.15thread] %-40.40logger{39} : %msg%n</pattern>
            <!-- 设置字符集 -->
            <charset>UTF-8</charset>
        </encoder>
    </appender>

    <!-- 2. 输出到文件  -->
    <appender name="FILE" class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">
        <!--日志文档输出格式-->
        <append>true</append>
        <encoder>
            <pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} -%5level ---[%15.15thread] %-40.40logger{39} : %msg%n</pattern>
            <charset>UTF-8</charset> <!-- 此处设置字符集 -->
        </encoder>

    </appender>

    <!--LOGSTASH config -->
    <appender name="LOGSTASH" class="net.logstash.logback.appender.LogstashTcpSocketAppender">
        <destination>192.168.198.128:5044</destination>
        <encoder charset="UTF-8" class="net.logstash.logback.encoder.LogstashEncoder">
            <!--自定义时间戳格式, 默认是yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss.SSS<-->
            <timestampPattern>yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss</timestampPattern>
            <customFields>{"appname":"App"}</customFields>
        </encoder>
    </appender>


    <root level="DEBUG">
        <appender-ref ref="CONSOLE"/>
        <appender-ref ref="FILE"/>
        <appender-ref ref="LOGSTASH"/>
    </root>

</configuration>

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代码测试
package com.wnhz.elk.controller;

import com.wnhz.elk.result.HttpResp;
import io.swagger.annotations.Api;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiOperation;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.util.Date;

@Api(tags = "ELK测试模块")
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api/elk")
@Slf4j
public class ElkController {

    @ApiOperation(value = "elkHello",notes = "测试ELK的结果")
    @GetMapping("/elkHello")
    public HttpResp<String> elkHello(HttpServletRequest request) {
        log.debug("测试日志,请求request:{},当前时间:{}", request, new Date());
        log.debug("测试日志,第{}行测试代码,当前时间:{}", 2, new Date());
        return HttpResp.success("ELK测试-hello");
    }
}

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kibana中查看索引

image-20230730164823829

image-20231111212112966

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