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基于ENSP实现的多区域路由协议_为了确保资源共享、办公自动化和节省人力成本,公司e申请两条专线将深圳总部和广州

作者：IT小白 | 2024-03-09 01:51:32

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为了确保资源共享、办公自动化和节省人力成本,公司e申请两条专线将深圳总部和广州
  1. 多区域OSPF路由协议
    1. 项目背景

为了确保资源共享、办公自动化和节省人力成本，公司E申请两条专线将深圳总部和广州、北京两家分公司网络连接起来。张同学正在该公司实习，为了提高实际工作的准确性和工作效率，项目经理安排他在实验室环境下完成测试，为设备上线运行奠定坚实的基础。小张用1台路由器模拟ISP的网络，总部通过静态默认路由实现到ISP的连接。分公司和总部内部网络通过三层交换机实现VLAN间路由，总部和分公司运行OSPF路由协议实现网络互联。

    1. 项目目的

通过本项目可以掌握如下知识点和技能点，同时积累项目经验。

  1. 启动OSPF路由进程和启用参与OSPF路由协议接口的方法。
  2. 配置OSPF计时器参数的方法。
  3. OSPF计算度量值参考带宽的修改方法。
  4. 修改OSPF接口优先级控制DR选举的方法。
  5. 广播多路访问链路上OSPF的特征。
  6. 基于链路和基于区域的OSPF验证的配置方法。
  7. 区域间路由汇聚和向OSPF网络注入默认路由的方法。
  8. OSPF不同路由器类型的功能和OSPF LSA的类型和特征。
  9. OSPF链路状态数据库的特征和含义以及OSPF外部路由类型1和类型2的区别。
  10. 查看和调试OSPF路由协议相关信息。
    1. 项目拓扑

    1. 项目规划

本项目的核心任务是完成OSPF部署，为保持项目的完整性，需完成前期准备工作。

      1. 项目前期准备工作
            • 1 VLAN部署：在总部和分公司相应交换机上完成VLAN相关配置，包括VLAN创建和端口划分、Trunk配置等。在交换机S1和S2之间链路配置链路聚合。
            • 2 MSTP部署：在交换机S1、S2和S3上配置MSTP，通过实例1（VLAN12和VLAN13）和实例2（VLAN14和VLAN15）选举不同的根桥实现负载分担。交换机S1是实例1的根桥（优先级为4096），是实例2的次根桥（优先级为8192）；交换机S2是实例1的次根桥（优先级为8192），是实例2的根桥（优先级为4096）。
            • 3 IP地址部署：在总部和分公司设备上完成IP地址配置，包括配置路由器接口的IP地址、三层交换机创建VLANIF并配置IP地址以及配置计算机和服务器的IP地址、子网掩码和网关。
            • 4 VRRP部署：总部核心交换机S1和S2配置VRRP，为各个VLAN主机提供冗余网关。通过配置使得交换机S1作为VLAN12和VLAN13的Master，交换机S2作为VLAN14和VLAN15的Master。确保每个VLAN的VRRP的Master和MSTP的根一致。
            • 5 NAT部署：配置NAT，使得总部和分公司的主机可以通过路由器SZ访问Internet。
      2. 项目核心任务
            • 1 配置OSPF基本功能：创建OSPF进程，手动指定Router ID、修改OSPF计算度量值参考带宽为1000Mbit/s、激活运行OSPF的路由器接口等。广州和深圳网络划分到OSPF区域1，深圳和北京网络划分到OSPF区域2，深圳总部网络划分到OSPF区域0。为了减少向局域网发送不必要的OSPF更新，将分公司交换机适当接口配置为静默接口。
            • 2 配置Stub区域：将区域2配置为完全末节区域。
            • 3 配置OSPF验证：为了提高网络安全性，在深圳总部到分公司的两条链路上，配置OSPF MD5验证。在深圳总部的OSPF区域0设备上配置MD5验证。
            • 4 配置OSPF路由聚合：在路由器SZ上分别配置OSPF区域0、1和2的ABR路由聚合，以便减少路由表大小，提高路由查找效率。
            • 5 配置OSPF默认路由注入：在路由器SZ上配置指向ISP的静态默认路由，并向OSPF网络注入默认路由。
            • 6 控制OSPF DR选举：控制DR选举，使得路由器SZ成为连接三层交换机S1和S2的相应网段的DR。
            • 7 调整OSPF计时器：在深圳和北京连接的链路上，将接口发送Hello报文间隔改为5秒，Dead时间改为20秒。

交换机VLAN规划表、设备接口连接规划表和设备接口IP地址规划表如下。

                  1. 交换机VLAN规划和接口地址表

设备

VLAN ID

IP地址段

VLAN接口地址

S1

VLAN2

10.2.2.0/30

10.2.2.2/30

VLAN12

10.1.12.0/24

10.1.12.252/24

VLAN13

10.1.13.0/24

10.1.13.252/24

VLAN14

10.1.14.0/24

10.1.14.252/24

VLAN15

10.1.15.0/24

10.1.15.252/24

S2

VLAN3

10.2.3.0/30

10.2.3.2/30

VLAN12

10.1.12.0/24

10.1.12.253/24

VLAN13

10.1.13.0/24

10.1.13.253/24

VLAN14

10.1.14.0/24

10.1.14.253/24

VLAN15

10.1.15.0/24

10.1.15.253/24

S3

VLAN12

10.1.12.0/24

VLAN13

10.1.13.0/24

VLAN14

10.1.14.0/24

VLAN15

10.1.15.0/24

S5

VLAN22

172.16.8.0/24

172.16.8.254/24

VLAN33

172.16.9.0/24

192.168.2.254/24

VLAN44

172.16.10.0/24

192.168.3.254/24

VLAN55

172.16.11.0/24

192.168.6.2/30

VLAN66

172.16.6.0/30

172.16.6.2/30

S6

VLAN222

192.168.2.0/24

10.1.12.252/24

VLAN333

192.168.3.0/24

10.1.13.252/24

VLAN666

192.168.6.0/30

192.168.3.2/30

                  1. 设备接口连接规划表

设备

接口

接口类型

VLAN

链路聚合

对端设备及接口

S1

G0/0/1

Access

VLAN 2

SZ G0/0/2

G0/0/2

Trunk

S3 G0/0/2

G0/0/23

Trunk

是

S2 G0/0/23

G0/0/24

Trunk

是

S2 G0/0/24

S2

G0/0/1

Access

VLAN 3

SZ G1/0/0

G0/0/2

Trunk

S3 G0/0/1

G0/0/23

Trunk

是

S1 G0/0/23

G0/0/24

Trunk

是

S1 G0/0/24

S3

Ethernet0/0/7

Access

VLAN 12

PC7

Ethernet0/0/8

Access

VLAN 13

PC8

Ethernet0/0/9

Access

VLAN 14

Server1

Ethernet0/0/10

Access

VLAN 15

Server2

GO/0/1

Trunk

S2 GO/0/2

GO/0/2

Trunk

S1 GO/0/2

S5

G0/0/1

Access

VLAN 66

GZ G0/0/1

G0/0/2

Access

VLAN 22

PC1

G0/0/3

Access

VLAN 33

PC2

G0/0/4

Access

VLAN 44

PC3

G0/0/5

Access

VLAN 55

PC4

S6

G0/0/1

Access

VLAN 666

BJ G0/0/0

G0/0/2

Access

VLAN 222

PC5

G0/0/3

Access

VLAN 333

PC6

SZ

G0/0/0

GZ G0/0/0

G0/0/1

BJ G0/0/1

G0/0/2

S1 G0/0/1

G1/0/0

S2 G0/0/1

G2/0/0

ISP G0/0/0

GZ

G0/0/0

SZ G0/0/0

G0/0/1

S5 G0/0/1

BJ

G0/0/0

S6 G0/0/1

G0/0/1

SZ G0/0/1

ISP

G0/0/0

SZ G2/0/0

LoopBack0

                  1. 设备接口IP地址规划表
    2. 项目实施
      1. 项目准备工作
            • 1 配置VLAN

设备

接口

IP地址

备注

SZ

G0/0/0

172.16.12.2/30 

G0/0/1

192.168.12.1/30

G0/0/2

10.2.2.1/30

G1/0/0

10.2.3.1/30

G2/0/0

218.18.12.1/30

GZ

G0/0/0

172.16.12.1/30

G0/0/1

172.16.6.2/30

BJ

G0/0/0

192.168.6.1/30

G0/0/1

192.168.12.2/30

ISP

G0/0/0

218.18.12.2/30

LoopBack0

8.8.8.8/24

模拟Internet上主机

PC1

172.16.8.100/24

网关：172.16.8.254

PC2

172.16.9.100/24

网关：172.16.9.254

PC3

172.16.10.100/24

网关：172.16.10.254

PC4

172.16.11.100/24

网关：172.16.11.254

PC5

192.168.2.100/24

网关：192.168.2.254

PC6

192.168.3.100/24

网关：192.168.3.254

PC7

10.1.12.100/24

网关：10.1.12.254

PC8

10.1.13.100/24

网关：10.1.13.254

Server1

10.1.14.100/24

网关：10.1.14.254

Server2

10.1.15.100/24

网关：10.1.15.254

在总部和分公司相应交换机上完成VLAN相关配置，包括VLAN创建和端口划分、Trunk配置。在交换机S1和S2之间链路配置链路聚合。

  1. 配置交换机S1

[S1]vlan batch 2 12 to 15

[S1]interface Eth-Trunk 1

[S1-Eth-Trunk1]port link-type trunk

[S1-Eth-Trunk1]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 4094

[S1-Eth-Trunk1]load-balance src-dst-mac

[S1-Eth-Trunk1]quit

[S1]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1

[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type access

[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port default vlan 2

[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit

[S1]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2

[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type trunk

[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 4094

[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit

[S1]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/23

[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/23]eth-trunk 1

[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/23]quit

[S1]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/24

[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/24]eth-trunk 1

[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/24]quit

  1. 配置交换机S2

[S2]vlan batch 2 to 3 12 to 15

[S2]interface Eth-Trunk1

[S2-Eth-Trunk1]port link-type trunk

[S2-Eth-Trunk1]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 4094

[S2-Eth-Trunk1]load-balance src-dst-mac

[S2-Eth-Trunk1]quit

[S2]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1

[S2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type access

[S2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port default vlan 3

[S2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit

[S2]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2

[S2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type trunk

[S2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 4094

[S2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit

[S2]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/23

[S2-GigabitEthernet0/0/23]eth-trunk 1

[S2-GigabitEthernet0/0/23]quit

[S2]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/24

[S2-GigabitEthernet0/0/24]eth-trunk 1

[S2-GigabitEthernet0/0/24]quit

  1. 配置交换机S3

[S3]vlan batch 12 to 15

[S3]interface Ethernet0/0/7

[S3-Ethernet0/0/7]port link-type access

[S3-Ethernet0/0/7]port default vlan 12

[S3-Ethernet0/0/7]quit

[S3]interface Ethernet0/0/8

[S3-Ethernet0/0/8]port link-type access

[S3-Ethernet0/0/8]port default vlan 13

[S3-Ethernet0/0/8]quit

[S3]interface Ethernet0/0/9

[S3-Ethernet0/0/9]port link-type access

[S3-Ethernet0/0/9]port default vlan 14

[S3-Ethernet0/0/9]quit

[S3]interface Ethernet0/0/10

[S3-Ethernet0/0/10]port link-type access

[S3-Ethernet0/0/10]port default vlan 15

[S3-Ethernet0/0/10]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1

[S3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type trunk

[S3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 4094

[S3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit

[S3]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2

[S3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type trunk

[S3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 4094

[S3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit

  1. 配置交换机S5

[S5]vlan batch 22 33 44 55 66

[S5]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1

[S5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type access

[S5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port default vlan 66

[S5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit

[S5]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2

[S5-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type access

[S5-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port default vlan 22

[S5-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit

[S5]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3

[S5-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type access

[S5-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port default vlan 32

[S5-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]quit

[S5]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/4

[S5-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port link-type access

[S5-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port default vlan 44

[S5-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]quit

[S5]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/5

[S5-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]port link-type access

[S5-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]port default vlan 55

[S5-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]quit

  1. 配置交换机S6

[S6]vlan batch 222 333 666

[S6]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1

[S6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type access

[S6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port default vlan 666

[S6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit

[S6]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2

[S6-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type access

[S6-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port default vlan 222

[S6-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit

[S6]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3

[S6-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type access

[S6-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port default vlan 333

[S6-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]quit

验证以上配置任务。

  1. 验证VLAN配置

[S1]display vlan

The total number of vlans is : 6

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

U: Up;         D: Down;         TG: Tagged;         UT: Untagged;

MP: Vlan-mapping;               ST: Vlan-stacking;

#: ProtocolTransparent-vlan;    *: Management-vlan;

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

VID  Type    Ports                                                         

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1    common  UT:GE0/0/2(U)      GE0/0/3(D)      GE0/0/4(D)      GE0/0/5(D)     

                GE0/0/6(D)      GE0/0/7(D)      GE0/0/8(D)      GE0/0/9(D)     

                GE0/0/10(D)     GE0/0/11(D)     GE0/0/12(D)     GE0/0/13(D)    

                GE0/0/14(D)     GE0/0/15(D)     GE0/0/16(D)     GE0/0/17(D)    

                GE0/0/18(D)     GE0/0/19(D)     GE0/0/20(D)     GE0/0/21(D)    

                GE0/0/22(D)     Eth-Trunk1(U)                                  

2    common  UT:GE0/0/1(U)                                                      

             TG:GE0/0/2(U)      Eth-Trunk1(U)                                  

12   common  TG:GE0/0/2(U)      Eth-Trunk1(U)                                  

13   common  TG:GE0/0/2(U)      Eth-Trunk1(U)                                   

14   common  TG:GE0/0/2(U)      Eth-Trunk1(U)                                  

15   common  TG:GE0/0/2(U)      Eth-Trunk1(U)                                  

VID  Status  Property      MAC-LRN Statistics Description     

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1    enable  default       enable  disable    VLAN 0001                        

2    enable  default       enable  disable    VLAN 0002                        

12   enable  default       enable  disable    VLAN 0012                        

13   enable  default       enable  disable    VLAN 0013                        

14   enable  default       enable  disable    VLAN 0014                        

15   enable  default       enable  disable    VLAN 0015

其他交换机验证命令相同，这里不再一一列出。

  1. 验证Eth-Trunk配置

[S1]display eth-trunk 1

Eth-Trunk1's state information is:

WorkingMode: NORMAL         Hash arithmetic: According to SA-XOR-DA          

Least Active-linknumber: 1  Max Bandwidth-affected-linknumber: 8             

Operate status: up          Number Of Up Port In Trunk: 2                    

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

PortName                      Status      Weight

GigabitEthernet0/0/23            Up          1     

GigabitEthernet0/0/24            Up          1

[S2]display eth-trunk 1

Eth-Trunk1's state information is:

WorkingMode: NORMAL         Hash arithmetic: According to SA-XOR-DA          

Least Active-linknumber: 1  Max Bandwidth-affected-linknumber: 8             

Operate status: up          Number Of Up Port In Trunk: 2                    

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

PortName                      Status      Weight

GigabitEthernet0/0/23            Up          1     

GigabitEthernet0/0/24            Up          1 

  1. 验证Trunk配置

[S1]display port vlan

Port                    Link Type    PVID  Trunk VLAN List

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Eth-Trunk1              trunk        1      1-4094

GigabitEthernet0/0/1      access        2      -                                   

GigabitEthernet0/0/2      trunk        1       1-4094

省略部分输出

其他交换机验证命令相同，这里不再一一列出。

            • 2 配置MSTP

在交换机S1、S2和S3上配置MSTP，通过实例1（VLAN12和VLAN13）和实例2（VLAN14和VLAN15）选举不同的根桥实现负载分担。交换机S1是实例1的根桥（优先级为4096），是实例2的次根桥（优先级为8192）；交换机S2是实例1的次根桥（优先级为8192），是实例2的根桥（优先级为4096）。

  1. 配置交换机S1

[S1]stp instance 1 priority 4096

[S1]stp instance 2 priority 8192

[S1]stp region-configuration

[S1-mst-region]region-name HQ

[S1-mst-region]instance 1 vlan 12 to 13

[S1-mst-region]instance 2 vlan 14 to 15

[S1-mst-region]active region-configuration

[S1-mst-region]quit

  1. 配置交换机S2

[S2]stp instance 1 priority 8192

[S2]stp instance 2 priority 4096

[S2]stp region-configuration

[S2-mst-region]region-name HQ

[S2-mst-region]instance 1 vlan 12 to 13

[S2-mst-region]instance 2 vlan 14 to 15

[S2-mst-region]active region-configuration

[S2-mst-region]quit

  1. 配置交换机S3

[S3]stp region-configuration

[S3-mst-region]region-name HQ

[S3-mst-region]instance 1 vlan 12 to 13

[S3-mst-region]instance 2 vlan 14 to 15

[S3-mst-region]active region-configuration

[S3-mst-region]

验证以上配置任务

[S1]display stp brief

 MSTID  Port                    Role   STP State           Protection

   0    GigabitEthernet0/0/1        DESI  FORWARDING      NONE

   0    GigabitEthernet0/0/2        DESI  FORWARDING      NONE

   0    Eth-Trunk1                ROOT  FORWARDING     NONE

   1    GigabitEthernet0/0/2        DESI  FORWARDING      NONE

   1    Eth-Trunk1               DESI  FORWARDING       NONE

   2    GigabitEthernet0/0/2        DESI  FORWARDING      NONE

   2    Eth-Trunk1               ROOT  FORWARDING      NONE

[S2]display stp brief

 MSTID  Port                    Role  STP State            Protection

   0    GigabitEthernet0/0/1        DESI  FORWARDING      NONE

   0    GigabitEthernet0/0/2        DESI  FORWARDING      NONE

   0    Eth-Trunk1                DESI  FORWARDING      NONE

   1    GigabitEthernet0/0/2        DESI  FORWARDING      NONE

   1    Eth-Trunk1                ROOT  FORWARDING     NONE

   2    GigabitEthernet0/0/2        DESI  FORWARDING      NONE

   2    Eth-Trunk1                DESI  FORWARDING      NONE

[S3]display stp brief | include GigabitEthernet

 MSTID  Port                    Role    STP State           Protection

   0    GigabitEthernet0/0/1        ROOT  FORWARDING      NONE

   0    GigabitEthernet0/0/2        ALTE  DISCARDING        NONE

   1    GigabitEthernet0/0/1        ALTE  DISCARDING        NONE

   1    GigabitEthernet0/0/2        ROOT  FORWARDING      NONE

   2    GigabitEthernet0/0/1        ROOT  FORWARDING      NONE

   2    GigabitEthernet0/0/2        ALTE  DISCARDING        NONE

            • 3 配置IP地址

在总部和分公司设备上完成IP地址配置，包括配置路由器接口的IP地址、三层交换机创建VLANIF并配置IP地址以及配置计算机和服务器的IP地址、子网掩码和网关。

  1. 配置路由器SZ

[SZ]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0

[SZ-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.12.2 255.255.255.252

[SZ-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit

[SZ]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1

[SZ-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.12.1 255.255.255.252

[SZ-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit

[SZ]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2

[SZ-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 10.2.2.1 255.255.255.252

[SZ-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit

[SZ]interface GigabitEthernet1/0/0

[SZ-GigabitEthernet1/0/0]ip address 10.2.3.1 255.255.255.252

[SZ-GigabitEthernet1/0/0]quit

[SZ]interface GigabitEthernet2/0/0

[SZ-GigabitEthernet2/0/0]ip address 218.18.12.1 255.255.255.252

[SZ-GigabitEthernet2/0/0]quit

  1. 配置路由器GZ

[GZ]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0

[GZ-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.12.1 255.255.255.252

[GZ-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit

[GZ]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1

[GZ-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.6.2 255.255.255.252

[GZ-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit

  1. 配置路由器BJ

[BJ]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1

[BJ-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.6.1 255.255.255.252

[BJ-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit

[BJ]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1

[BJ-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.12.2 255.255.255.252

[BJ-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit

  1. 配置路由器ISP

[ISP]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0

[ISP-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 218.18.12.2 255.255.255.252

[ISP-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit

[ISP]interface LoopBack0

[ISP-LoopBack0]ip address 8.8.8.8 255.255.255.0

[ISP-LoopBack0]quit

  1. 配置交换机S1

[S1]interface Vlanif2

[S1-Vlanif2]ip address 10.2.2.2 255.255.255.252

[S1-Vlanif2]quit

[S1]interface Vlanif12

[S1-Vlanif12]ip address 10.1.12.252 255.255.255.0

[S1-Vlanif12]quit

[S1]interface Vlanif13

[S1-Vlanif13]ip address 10.1.13.252 255.255.255.0

[S1-Vlanif13]quit

[S1]interface Vlanif14

[S1-Vlanif14]ip address 10.1.14.252 255.255.255.0

[S1-Vlanif14]quit

[S1]interface Vlanif15

[S1-Vlanif15]ip address 10.1.15.252 255.255.255.0

[S1-Vlanif15]quit

  1. 配置交换机S2

[S2]interface Vlanif3

[S2-Vlanif3]ip address 10.2.3.2 255.255.255.252

[S2-Vlanif3]quit

[S2]interface Vlanif12

[S2-Vlanif12]ip address 10.1.12.253 255.255.255.0

[S2-Vlanif12]quit

[S2]interface Vlanif13

[S2-Vlanif13]ip address 10.1.13.253 255.255.255.0

[S2-Vlanif13]quit

[S2]interface Vlanif14

[S2-Vlanif14]ip address 10.1.14.253 255.255.255.0

[S2-Vlanif14]quit

[S2]interface Vlanif15

[S2-Vlanif15]ip address 10.1.15.253 255.255.255.0

[S2-Vlanif15]quit

  1. 配置交换机S5

[S5]interface Vlanif22

[S5-Vlanif2]ip address 172.16.8.254 255.255.255.0

[S5-Vlanif2]quit

[S5]interface Vlanif33

[S5-Vlanif3]ip address 172.16.9.254 255.255.255.0

[S5-Vlanif3]quit

[S5]interface Vlanif44

[S5-Vlanif4]ip address 172.16.10.254 255.255.255.0

[S5-Vlanif4]quit

[S5]interface Vlanif55

[S5-Vlanif5]ip address 172.16.11.254 255.255.255.0

[S5-Vlanif5]quit

[S5]interface Vlanif66

[S5-Vlanif6]ip address 172.16.6.1 255.255.255.252

[S5-Vlanif6]quit

  1. 配置交换机S6

[S6]interface Vlanif222

[S6-Vlanif2]ip address 192.168.2.254 255.255.255.0

[S6-Vlanif2]quit

[S6]interface Vlanif333

[S6-Vlanif3]ip address 192.168.3.254 255.255.255.0

[S6-Vlanif3]quit

[S6]interface Vlanif666

[S6-Vlanif6]ip address 192.168.6.2 255.255.255.252

[S6-Vlanif6]quit

  1. 以主机PC7和服务器Sever1为例配置主机和服务器IP地址、掩码和网关。其他主机配置相同。

验证以上配置任务。

[SZ]display ip interface brief | exclude unassigned

*down: administratively down

^down: standby

(l): loopback

(s): spoofing

The number of interface that is UP in Physical is 6

The number of interface that is DOWN in Physical is 0

The number of interface that is UP in Protocol is 6

The number of interface that is DOWN in Protocol is 0

Interface                         IP Address/Mask    Physical   Protocol 

GigabitEthernet0/0/0              172.16.12.2/30       up         up

GigabitEthernet0/0/1              192.168.12.1/30      up         up

GigabitEthernet0/0/2              10.2.2.1/30          up         up

GigabitEthernet1/0/0              10.2.3.1/30          up         up

GigabitEthernet2/0/0              218.18.12.1/30       up         up

[S1]display ip interface brief | exclude  unassigned

*down: administratively down

^down: standby

(l): loopback

(s): spoofing

The number of interface that is UP in Physical is 7

The number of interface that is DOWN in Physical is 1

The number of interface that is UP in Protocol is 6

The number of interface that is DOWN in Protocol is 2

Interface                         IP Address/Mask      Physical   Protocol 

Vlanif2                           10.2.2.2/30          up         up

Vlanif12                          10.1.12.252/24       up         up

Vlanif13                          10.1.13.252/24       up         up

Vlanif14                          10.1.14.252/24       up         up

Vlanif15                          10.1.15.252/24       up         up

其他设备验证命令相同，这里不再一一列出。

            • 4 配置VRRP

总部核心交换机S1和S2配置VRRP，为各个VLAN主机提供冗余网关。通过配置使得交换机S1作为VLAN12和VLAN13的Master，交换机S2作为VLAN14和VLAN15的Master。确保每个VLAN的VRRP的Master和MSTP的根一致。

  1. 配置交换机S1

[S1]interface Vlanif 12

[S1-Vlanif12]vrrp vrid 12 virtual-ip 10.1.12.254

[S1-Vlanif12]vrrp vrid 12 priority 120

[S1-Vlanif12]quit

[S1]interface Vlanif 13

[S1-Vlanif13]vrrp vrid 13 virtual-ip 10.1.13.254

[S1-Vlanif13]vrrp vrid 13 priority 120

[S1-Vlanif13]quit

[S1]interface Vlanif 14

[S1-Vlanif14]vrrp vrid 14 virtual-ip 10.1.14.254

[S1-Vlanif14]quit

[S1]interface Vlanif 15

[S1-Vlanif15]vrrp vrid 15 virtual-ip 10.1.15.254

[S1-Vlanif15]quit

  1. 配置交换机S2

[S2]interface Vlanif 12

[S2-Vlanif12]vrrp vrid 12 virtual-ip 10.1.12.254

[S2-Vlanif12]quit

[S2]interface Vlanif13

[S2-Vlanif13]vrrp vrid 13 virtual-ip 10.1.13.254

[S2-Vlanif13]quit

[S2]interface Vlanif14

[S2-Vlanif14]vrrp vrid 14 virtual-ip 10.1.14.254

[S2-Vlanif14]vrrp vrid 14 priority 120

[S2-Vlanif14]quit

[S2]interface Vlanif15

[S2-Vlanif15]vrrp vrid 15 virtual-ip 10.1.15.254

[S2-Vlanif15]vrrp vrid 15 priority 120

[S2-Vlanif15]quit

验证以上配置任务。

[S1]display vrrp brief

VRID  State        Interface                Type     Virtual IP    

----------------------------------------------------------------

12    Master       Vlanif12                 Normal   10.1.12.254   

13    Master       Vlanif13                 Normal   10.1.13.254   

14    Backup       Vlanif14                 Normal   10.1.14.254   

15    Backup       Vlanif15                 Normal   10.1.15.254    

----------------------------------------------------------------

Total:4     Master:2     Backup:2     Non-active:0

[S2]display vrrp brief

VRID  State        Interface                Type     Virtual IP    

----------------------------------------------------------------

12    Backup       Vlanif12                 Normal   10.1.12.254   

13    Backup       Vlanif13                 Normal   10.1.13.254   

14    Master        Vlanif14                 Normal   10.1.14.254   

15    Master        Vlanif15                 Normal   10.1.15.254   

----------------------------------------------------------------

Total:4     Master:2     Backup:2     Non-active:0  

            • 5 配置NAT

配置NAT使得总部和分公司的主机可以通过路由器SZ访问Internet。

[SZ]acl number 2000 

[SZ-acl-basic-2000]rule 10 permit source 192.168.2.0 0.0.1.255

[SZ-acl-basic-2000]rule 20 permit source 172.16.8.0 0.0.3.255

[SZ-acl-basic-2000]rule 30 permit source 10.1.12.0 0.0.3.255

[SZ-acl-basic-2000]quit

[SZ]interface GigabitEthernet2/0/0

[SZ-GigabitEthernet2/0/0]nat outbound 2000

[SZ-GigabitEthernet2/0/0]quit

      1. 项目核心任务
            • 1 配置OSPF基本功能

项目核心任务是完成OSPF部署，针对OSPF部署任务对项目整体拓扑进行简化，只保留运行OSPF的设备，如下图。

3台路由器和4台交换机配置基本OSPF,包括创建OSPF进程，手动指定Router ID、修改度量值计算的参考带宽、激活运行OSPF的路由器接口以及配置静默接口等。

  1. 配置路由器SZ

[SZ]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1

[SZ-ospf-1]bandwidth-reference 1000

[SZ-ospf-1]area 0 

[SZ-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.2.2.1 0.0.0.0

[SZ-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.2.3.1 0.0.0.0

[SZ-ospf-1]area 1

[SZ-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.12.2 0.0.0.0 

[SZ-ospf-1]area 2

[SZ-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 192.168.12.1 0.0.0.0

  1. 配置路由器GZ

[GZ]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2

[GZ-ospf-1]bandwidth-reference 1000

[GZ-ospf-1]area 1

[GZ-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.6.2 0.0.0.0

[GZ-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.12.1 0.0.0.0

  1. 配置路由器BJ

[BJ]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3

[BJ-ospf-1]bandwidth-reference 1000

[BJ-ospf-1]area 2 

[BJ-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 192.168.6.1 0.0.0.0

[BJ-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 192.168.12.2 0.0.0.0

  1. 配置交换机S1

[S1]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4

[S1-ospf-1]bandwidth-reference 1000

[S1-ospf-1]area 0

[S1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.2.2.2 0.0.0.0

[S1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.1.12.252 0.0.0.0

[S1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.1.13.252 0.0.0.0

[S1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.1.14.252 0.0.0.0

[S1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.1.15.252 0.0.0.0

  1. 配置交换机S2

[S2]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5

[S2-ospf-1]bandwidth-reference 1000

[S2-ospf-1]area 0

[S2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.1.12.253 0.0.0.0

[S2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.1.13.253 0.0.0.0

[S2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.1.14.253 0.0.0.0

[S2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.1.15.253 0.0.0.0

  1. 配置交换机S5

[S5]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6

[S5-ospf-1]silent-interface Vlanif22

[S5-ospf-1]silent-interface Vlanif33

[S5-ospf-1]silent-interface Vlanif44

[S5-ospf-1]silent-interface Vlanif55

[S5-ospf-1]bandwidth-reference 1000

[S5-ospf-1]area 1

[S5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.6.1 0.0.0.0

[S5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.8.254 0.0.0.0

[S5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.9.254 0.0.0.0

[S5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.10.254 0.0.0.0

[S5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.11.254 0.0.0.0

  1. 配置交换机S6

[S6]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7

[S6-ospf-1]silent-interface Vlanif222

[S6-ospf-1]silent-interface Vlanif333

[S6-ospf-1]bandwidth-reference 1000

[S6-ospf-1]area 2

[S6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 192.168.6.2 0.0.0.0

[S6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 192.168.2.254 0.0.0.0

[S6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 192.168.3.254 0.0.0.0

            • 2 配置OSPF Stub区域

配置OSPF 特殊区域，将区域2配置为完全末节区域。

  1. 配置路由器SZ

[SZ-ospf-1]area 2

[SZ-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]stub no-summary

  1. 配置路由器BJ

[BJ-ospf-1]area2

[BJ-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]stub

  1. 配置交换机S6

[S6-ospf-1]area 2

[S6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]stub

  1. 配置OSPF验证

为了提高网络安全性，在深圳总部到分公司的两条链路上，配置OSPF MD5验证。在深圳总部的OSPF区域0设备上配置MD5验证。

  1. 在深圳总部到分公司广州和北京两条链路上，配置OSPF MD5验证。

[SZ]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0

[SZ-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456

[SZ]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1

[SZ-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456

[GZ]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0

[GZ-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456

[BJ]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1

[BJ-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456

  1. 在深圳总部的设备SZ、S1和S2上配置OSPF区域0的MD5验证。

[SZ-ospf-1]area 0

[SZ-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456

[S1-ospf-1]area 0

[S1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456

[S2-ospf-1]area 0

[S2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456

            • 3 配置OSPF路由聚合

在路由器SZ上分别配置OSPF区域0、1和2的ABR路由聚合，以便减少路由表大小，提高路由查找效率。

[SZ-ospf-1]area 0 

[SZ-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]abr-summary 10.1.12.0 255.255.252.0

[SZ-ospf-1]area 1

[SZ-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]abr-summary 172.16.8.0 255.255.252.0

[SZ-ospf-1]area 2

[SZ-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]abr-summary 192.168.2.0 255.255.254.0

            • 4 配置OSPF默认路由注入

在路由器SZ上配置指向ISP的静态默认路由，并向OSPF网络注入默认路由。

[SZ]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 218.18.12.2

[SZ]ospf 1

[SZ-ospf-1]default-route-advertise

            • 5 控制OSPF DR选举

控制OSPF DR选举，使得路由器SZ成为连接三层交换机S1和S2的相应网段的DR。

[SZ]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2

[SZ-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ospf dr-priority 2 

[SZ]interface GigabitEthernet1/0/0

[SZ-GigabitEthernet1/0/0]ospf dr-priority 2

            • 6 调整OSPF计时器

调整OSPF接口计时器参数，在路由器SZ和BJ之间链路上调整OSPF计时器参数。

[SZ]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1

[SZ-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf timer hello 5 

[SZ-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf timer dead 20

[BJ]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1

[BJ-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf timer hello 5

[BJ-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf timer dead 20

    1. 项目验证
      1. 查看OSPF邻居信息
  2. 查看OSPF邻居的摘要信息

[SZ]display ospf peer brief

      OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1

                 Peer Statistic Information

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Area Id          Interface                      Neighbor id      State   

 0.0.0.0          GigabitEthernet0/0/2             4.4.4.4          Full       

 0.0.0.0          GigabitEthernet1/0/0             5.5.5.5          Full       

 0.0.0.1          GigabitEthernet0/0/0             2.2.2.2          Full       

 0.0.0.2          GigabitEthernet0/0/1             3.3.3.3          Full       

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

[GZ]display ospf peer brief

      OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 2.2.2.2

                 Peer Statistic Information

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Area Id          Interface                      Neighbor id      State   

 0.0.0.1          GigabitEthernet0/0/0             1.1.1.1          Full       

 0.0.0.1          GigabitEthernet0/0/1             6.6.6.6          Full       

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

[BJ]display ospf peer brief

      OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 3.3.3.3

                 Peer Statistic Information

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Area Id          Interface                      Neighbor id      State   

 0.0.0.2          GigabitEthernet0/0/0             7.7.7.7          Full       

 0.0.0.2          GigabitEthernet0/0/1             1.1.1.1          Full       

 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

[S1]display ospf peer brief

      OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 4.4.4.4

                 Peer Statistic Information

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Area Id          Interface                        Neighbor id      State   

 0.0.0.0          Vlanif2                          1.1.1.1          Full       

 0.0.0.0          Vlanif12                         5.5.5.5          Full       

 0.0.0.0          Vlanif13                         5.5.5.5          Full       

 0.0.0.0          Vlanif14                         5.5.5.5          Full       

 0.0.0.0          Vlanif15                         5.5.5.5          Full       

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

  1. 查看OSPF邻居的详细信息

[SZ]display ospf peer

      OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1

                Neighbors

 Area 0.0.0.0 interface 10.2.2.1(GigabitEthernet0/0/2)'s neighbors

 Router ID: 4.4.4.4          Address: 10.2.2.2       

   State: Full  Mode:Nbr is  Master  Priority: 1

   DR: 10.2.2.1  BDR: 10.2.2.2  MTU: 0   

   Dead timer due in 40  sec

   Retrans timer interval: 5

   Neighbor is up for 11:27:26    

   Authentication Sequence: [ 58394]

                Neighbors

 Area 0.0.0.0 interface 10.2.3.1(GigabitEthernet1/0/0)'s neighbors

 Router ID: 5.5.5.5          Address: 10.2.3.2       

   State: Full  Mode:Nbr is  Master  Priority: 1

   DR: 10.2.3.2  BDR: 10.2.3.1  MTU: 0   

   Dead timer due in 33  sec

   Retrans timer interval: 0

   Neighbor is up for 16:19:32    

   Authentication Sequence: [ 58394]

                Neighbors

 Area 0.0.0.1 interface 172.16.12.2(GigabitEthernet0/0/0)'s neighbors

 Router ID: 2.2.2.2          Address: 172.16.12.1    

   State: Full  Mode:Nbr is  Master  Priority: 1

   DR: 172.16.12.1  BDR: 172.16.12.2  MTU: 0   

   Dead timer due in 30  sec

   Retrans timer interval: 5

   Neighbor is up for 16:19:38    

   Authentication Sequence: [ 58339]

                Neighbors

 Area 0.0.0.2 interface 192.168.12.1(GigabitEthernet0/0/1)'s neighbors

 Router ID: 3.3.3.3          Address: 192.168.12.2   

   State: Full  Mode:Nbr is  Master  Priority: 1

   DR: 192.168.12.2  BDR: 192.168.12.1  MTU: 0   

   Dead timer due in 20  sec

   Retrans timer interval: 5

   Neighbor is up for 16:20:12    

   Authentication Sequence: [ 58352]

      1. 查看OSPF接口信息

[SZ]display ospf interface

      OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1

                Interfaces

 Area: 0.0.0.0          (MPLS TE not enabled)

 IP Address      Type         State    Cost    Pri     DR           BDR

 10.2.2.1        Broadcast    DR       1       2     10.2.2.1        10.2.2.2

 10.2.3.1        Broadcast    BDR      1       2     10.2.3.2        10.2.3.1

 Area: 0.0.0.1          (MPLS TE not enabled)

 IP Address      Type         State    Cost    Pri     DR            BDR

 172.16.12.2     Broadcast    BDR      1       1     172.16.12.1     172.16.12.2

 Area: 0.0.0.2          (MPLS TE not enabled)

 IP Address      Type         State    Cost    Pri     DR            BDR

 192.168.12.1    Broadcast    BDR      1       1     192.168.12.2    192.168.12.1

[S1]display ospf interface

      OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 4.4.4.4

                Interfaces

 Area: 0.0.0.0       

 IP Address      Type         State    Cost    Pri     DR           BDR

 10.2.2.2        Broadcast    BDR      1       1     10.2.2.1        10.2.2.2

 10.1.12.252     Broadcast    BDR      1       1     10.1.12.253     10.1.12.252

 10.1.13.252     Broadcast    BDR      1       1     10.1.13.253     10.1.13.252

 10.1.14.252     Broadcast    BDR      1       1     10.1.14.253     10.1.14.252

 10.1.15.252     Broadcast    BDR      1       1     10.1.15.253     10.1.15.252

[SZ]display ospf interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2 verbose

      OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1

                Interfaces

 Interface: 10.2.2.1 (GigabitEthernet0/0/2)

 Cost: 1       State: DR        Type: Broadcast    MTU: 1500 

 Priority: 2

 Designated Router: 10.2.2.1

 Backup Designated Router: 10.2.2.2

 Timers: Hello 10 , Dead 40 , Poll  120 , Retransmit 5 , Transmit Delay 1

  IO Statistics

             Type        Input     Output

            Hello         5986       5730

   DB Description            4          6

   Link-State Req            2          1

Link-State Update          213        358

   Link-State Ack          347        145

 ALLSPF GROUP

 ALLDR GROUP

 OpaqueId: 0   PrevState: Waiting

 Effective cost: 1, enabled by OSPF Protocol

      1. 查看OSPF LSDB信息

[SZ]display ospf lsdb

      OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1

                Link State Database

                        Area: 0.0.0.0

 Type      LinkState ID   AdvRouter         Age  Len   Sequence   Metric

 Router    4.4.4.4         4.4.4.4            901  84    8000002F       1

 Router    1.1.1.1         1.1.1.1            267  48    8000002A       1

 Router    5.5.5.5         5.5.5.5            901  84    8000002C       1

 Network   10.2.3.2        5.5.5.5           1609  32    80000022       0

 Network   10.1.13.253     5.5.5.5           1605  32    80000022       0

 Network   10.2.2.1        1.1.1.1            267  32    80000023       0

 Network   10.1.12.253     5.5.5.5           1607  32    80000022       0

 Network   10.1.15.253     5.5.5.5           1605  32    80000022       0

 Network   10.1.14.253     5.5.5.5           1604  32    80000022       0

 Sum-Net   172.16.12.0     1.1.1.1           1639  28    80000021       1

 Sum-Net   192.168.12.0    1.1.1.1           1639  28    80000021       1

 Sum-Net   172.16.6.0      1.1.1.1           1588  28    80000021       2

 Sum-Net   192.168.2.0     1.1.1.1           1596  28    80000021       3

 Sum-Net   172.16.8.0      1.1.1.1           1588  28    80000021       3

 Sum-Net   192.168.6.0     1.1.1.1           1596  28    80000022       2

                        Area: 0.0.0.1

 Type      LinkState ID   AdvRouter        Age  Len   Sequence   Metric

 Router    2.2.2.2         2.2.2.2           1592  48    80000027       1

 Router    6.6.6.6         6.6.6.6            925  84    80000042       1

 Router    1.1.1.1         1.1.1.1           1608  36    80000023       1

 Network   172.16.6.1      6.6.6.6           1608  32    80000021       0

 Network   172.16.12.1     2.2.2.2           1609  32    80000021       0

 Sum-Net   10.1.12.0       1.1.1.1           1603  28    80000021       2

 Sum-Net   192.168.12.0    1.1.1.1           1639  28    80000021       1

 Sum-Net   192.168.2.0     1.1.1.1           1596  28    80000021       3

 Sum-Net   10.2.3.0        1.1.1.1           1638  28    80000021       1

 Sum-Net   10.2.2.0        1.1.1.1           1639  28    80000021       1

 Sum-Net   192.168.6.0     1.1.1.1           1597  28    80000021       2

                        Area: 0.0.0.2

 Type      LinkState ID    AdvRouter        Age  Len  Sequence   Metric

 Router    7.7.7.7         7.7.7.7            930  60    80000030       1

 Router    1.1.1.1         1.1.1.1           1642  36    80000024       1

 Router    3.3.3.3         3.3.3.3           1600  48    80000027       1

 Network   192.168.6.2     7.7.7.7           1614  32    80000021       0

 Network   192.168.12.2    3.3.3.3           1640  32    80000022       0

 Sum-Net   0.0.0.0         1.1.1.1           1604  28    80000021       1

                AS External Database

 Type      LinkState ID    AdvRouter          Age  Len   Sequence   Metric

 External  0.0.0.0         1.1.1.1           1576  36    80000021       1

      1. 查看OSPF概要信息

[SZ]display ospf brief

      OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1

                OSPF Protocol Information

 RouterID: 1.1.1.1          Border Router:  AREA  AS

 Multi-VPN-Instance is not enabled

 Global DS-TE Mode: Non-Standard IETF Mode

 Graceful-restart capability: disabled

 Helper support capability  : not configured

 Applications Supported: MPLS Traffic-Engineering

 Spf-schedule-interval: max 10000ms, start 500ms, hold 1000ms

 Default ASE parameters: Metric: 1 Tag: 1 Type: 2

 Route Preference: 10

 ASE Route Preference: 150

 SPF Computation Count: 46   

 RFC 1583 Compatible

 Retransmission limitation is disabled

 Area Count: 3   Nssa Area Count: 0

 ExChange/Loading Neighbors: 0

 Process total up interface count: 4

 Process valid up interface count: 4

 Area: 0.0.0.0          (MPLS TE not enabled)

 Authtype: MD5   Area flag: Normal

 SPF scheduled Count: 46   

 ExChange/Loading Neighbors: 0

 Router ID conflict state: Normal

 Area interface up count: 2

 Interface: 10.2.2.1 (GigabitEthernet0/0/2)

 Cost: 1       State: DR        Type: Broadcast    MTU: 1500 

 Priority: 2

 Designated Router: 10.2.2.1

 Backup Designated Router: 10.2.2.2

 Timers: Hello 10 , Dead 40 , Poll  120 , Retransmit 5 , Transmit Delay 1

 Interface: 10.2.3.1 (GigabitEthernet1/0/0)

 Cost: 1       State: BDR       Type: Broadcast    MTU: 1500 

 Priority: 2

 Designated Router: 10.2.3.2

 Backup Designated Router: 10.2.3.1

 Timers: Hello 10 , Dead 40 , Poll  120 , Retransmit 5 , Transmit Delay 1

 Area: 0.0.0.1          (MPLS TE not enabled)

 Authtype: None   Area flag: Normal

 SPF scheduled Count: 46   

 ExChange/Loading Neighbors: 0

 Router ID conflict state: Normal

 Area interface up count: 1

 Interface: 172.16.12.2 (GigabitEthernet0/0/0)

 Cost: 1       State: BDR       Type: Broadcast    MTU: 1500 

 Priority: 1

 Designated Router: 172.16.12.1

 Backup Designated Router: 172.16.12.2

 Timers: Hello 10 , Dead 40 , Poll  120 , Retransmit 5 , Transmit Delay 1

 Area: 0.0.0.2          (MPLS TE not enabled)

 Authtype: None   Area flag:   Stub

 SPF scheduled Count: 46   

 ExChange/Loading Neighbors: 0

 Router ID conflict state: Normal

 Area interface up count: 1

 Interface: 192.168.12.1 (GigabitEthernet0/0/1)

 Cost: 1       State: BDR       Type: Broadcast    MTU: 1500 

 Priority: 1

 Designated Router: 192.168.12.2

 Backup Designated Router: 192.168.12.1

 Timers: Hello 5 , Dead 20 , Poll  120 , Retransmit 5 , Transmit Delay 1

      1. 查看OSPF路由表
  2. 查看路由器SZ OSPF 路由表

[SZ]display ospf routing

      OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1

                 Routing Tables

 Routing for Network

 Destination        Cost  Type      NextHop      AdvRouter      Area

 10.2.2.0/30        1     Transit    10.2.2.1        1.1.1.1         0.0.0.0

 10.2.3.0/30        1     Transit    10.2.3.1        1.1.1.1         0.0.0.0

 172.16.12.0/30     1     Transit    172.16.12.2     1.1.1.1         0.0.0.1

 192.168.12.0/30    1     Transit    192.168.12.1    1.1.1.1         0.0.0.2

 10.1.12.0/24       2     Transit    10.2.3.2        5.5.5.5         0.0.0.0

 10.1.12.0/24       2     Transit    10.2.2.2        5.5.5.5         0.0.0.0

 10.1.13.0/24       2     Transit    10.2.3.2        5.5.5.5         0.0.0.0

 10.1.13.0/24       2     Transit    10.2.2.2        5.5.5.5         0.0.0.0

 10.1.14.0/24       2     Transit    10.2.3.2        5.5.5.5         0.0.0.0

 10.1.14.0/24       2     Transit    10.2.2.2        5.5.5.5         0.0.0.0

 10.1.15.0/24       2     Transit    10.2.3.2        5.5.5.5         0.0.0.0

 10.1.15.0/24       2     Transit    10.2.2.2        5.5.5.5         0.0.0.0

 172.16.6.0/30      2     Transit    172.16.12.1     6.6.6.6         0.0.0.1

 172.16.8.0/24      3     Stub       172.16.12.1    6.6.6.6         0.0.0.1

 172.16.9.0/24      3     Stub       172.16.12.1    6.6.6.6         0.0.0.1

 172.16.10.0/24     3     Stub       172.16.12.1    6.6.6.6         0.0.0.1

 172.16.11.0/24     3     Stub       172.16.12.1    6.6.6.6         0.0.0.1

 192.168.2.0/24     3     Stub       192.168.12.2   7.7.7.7         0.0.0.2

 192.168.3.0/24     3     Stub       192.168.12.2   7.7.7.7         0.0.0.2

 192.168.6.0/30     2     Transit    192.168.12.2    7.7.7.7         0.0.0.2

 Total Nets: 20

 Intra Area: 20  Inter Area: 0  ASE: 0  NSSA: 0

  1. 查看路由器GZ OSPF 路由表

[GZ]display ospf routing

      OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 2.2.2.2

                 Routing Tables

 Routing for Network

 Destination        Cost  Type      NextHop      AdvRouter      Area

 172.16.6.0/30      1     Transit    172.16.6.2      2.2.2.2         0.0.0.1

 172.16.12.0/30     1     Transit    172.16.12.1     2.2.2.2         0.0.0.1

 10.1.12.0/22       3     Inter-area  172.16.12.2     1.1.1.1         0.0.0.1

 10.2.2.0/30        2     Inter-area  172.16.12.2     1.1.1.1         0.0.0.1

 10.2.3.0/30        2     Inter-area  172.16.12.2     1.1.1.1         0.0.0.1

 172.16.8.0/24      2     Stub       172.16.6.1      6.6.6.6         0.0.0.1

 172.16.9.0/24      2     Stub       172.16.6.1      6.6.6.6         0.0.0.1

 172.16.10.0/24     2     Stub       172.16.6.1      6.6.6.6         0.0.0.1

 172.16.11.0/24     2     Stub       172.16.6.1      6.6.6.6         0.0.0.1

 192.168.2.0/23     4     Inter-area   172.16.12.2     1.1.1.1         0.0.0.1

 192.168.6.0/30     3     Inter-area   172.16.12.2     1.1.1.1         0.0.0.1

 192.168.12.0/30    2     Inter-area   172.16.12.2     1.1.1.1         0.0.0.1

 Routing for ASEs

 Destination        Cost      Type       Tag         NextHop       AdvRouter

 0.0.0.0/0          1         Type2      1           172.16.12.2     1.1.1.1

 Total Nets: 13

 Intra Area: 6  Inter Area: 6  ASE: 1  NSSA: 0       

  1. 查看路由器BJ OSPF 路由表

[BJ]display ospf routing

      OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 3.3.3.3

                 Routing Tables

 Routing for Network

 Destination        Cost  Type      NextHop      AdvRouter      Area

 192.168.6.0/30     1     Transit    192.168.6.1     3.3.3.3         0.0.0.2

 192.168.12.0/30    1     Transit    192.168.12.2    3.3.3.3         0.0.0.2

 0.0.0.0/0          2     Inter-area  192.168.12.1    1.1.1.1         0.0.0.2

 192.168.2.0/24     2     Stub       192.168.6.2    7.7.7.7         0.0.0.2

 192.168.3.0/24     2     Stub       192.168.6.2    7.7.7.7         0.0.0.2

 Total Nets: 5 

 Intra Area: 4  Inter Area: 1  ASE: 0  NSSA: 0       

  1. 查看交换机S1 OSPF 路由表

[S1]display ospf routing

      OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 4.4.4.4

                 Routing Tables

 Routing for Network

 Destination        Cost  Type      NextHop      AdvRouter      Area

 10.1.12.0/24       1     Transit    10.1.12.252     4.4.4.4         0.0.0.0

 10.1.13.0/24       1     Transit    10.1.13.252     4.4.4.4         0.0.0.0

 10.1.14.0/24       1     Transit    10.1.14.252     4.4.4.4         0.0.0.0

 10.1.15.0/24       1     Transit    10.1.15.252     4.4.4.4         0.0.0.0

 10.2.2.0/30        1     Transit    10.2.2.2        4.4.4.4         0.0.0.0

 10.2.3.0/30        2     Transit    10.1.12.253     5.5.5.5         0.0.0.0

 10.2.3.0/30        2     Transit    10.1.13.253     5.5.5.5         0.0.0.0

 10.2.3.0/30        2     Transit    10.1.15.253     5.5.5.5         0.0.0.0

 10.2.3.0/30        2     Transit    10.1.14.253     5.5.5.5         0.0.0.0

 10.2.3.0/30        2     Transit    10.2.2.1        5.5.5.5         0.0.0.0

 172.16.6.0/30      3     Inter-area  10.2.2.1        1.1.1.1         0.0.0.0

 172.16.8.0/22      4     Inter-area  10.2.2.1        1.1.1.1         0.0.0.0

 172.16.12.0/30     2     Inter-area  10.2.2.1        1.1.1.1         0.0.0.0

 192.168.2.0/23     4     Inter-area  10.2.2.1        1.1.1.1         0.0.0.0

 192.168.6.0/30     3     Inter-area  10.2.2.1        1.1.1.1         0.0.0.0

 192.168.12.0/30    2     Inter-area  10.2.2.1        1.1.1.1         0.0.0.0

 Routing for ASEs

 Destination        Cost      Type       Tag         NextHop       AdvRouter

 0.0.0.0/0          1         Type2      1           10.2.2.1        1.1.1.1

 Total Nets: 17

 Intra Area: 10  Inter Area: 6  ASE: 1  NSSA: 0

  1. 查看交换机S2 OSPF 路由表

[S2]display ospf routing

      OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 5.5.5.5

                 Routing Tables

 Routing for Network

 Destination        Cost  Type      NextHop      AdvRouter      Area

 10.1.12.0/24       1     Transit    10.1.12.253     5.5.5.5         0.0.0.0

 10.1.13.0/24       1     Transit    10.1.13.253     5.5.5.5         0.0.0.0

 10.1.14.0/24       1     Transit    10.1.14.253     5.5.5.5         0.0.0.0

 10.1.15.0/24       1     Transit    10.1.15.253     5.5.5.5         0.0.0.0

 10.2.3.0/30        1     Transit    10.2.3.2        5.5.5.5         0.0.0.0

 10.2.2.0/30        2     Transit    10.1.12.252     1.1.1.1         0.0.0.0

 10.2.2.0/30        2     Transit    10.2.3.1        1.1.1.1         0.0.0.0

 10.2.2.0/30        2     Transit    10.1.15.252     1.1.1.1         0.0.0.0

 10.2.2.0/30        2     Transit    10.1.13.252     1.1.1.1         0.0.0.0

 10.2.2.0/30        2     Transit    10.1.14.252     1.1.1.1         0.0.0.0

 172.16.6.0/30      3     Inter-area  10.2.3.1        1.1.1.1         0.0.0.0

 172.16.8.0/22      4     Inter-area  10.2.3.1        1.1.1.1         0.0.0.0

 172.16.12.0/30     2     Inter-area  10.2.3.1        1.1.1.1         0.0.0.0

 192.168.2.0/23     4     Inter-area  10.2.3.1        1.1.1.1         0.0.0.0

 192.168.6.0/30     3     Inter-area  10.2.3.1        1.1.1.1         0.0.0.0

 192.168.12.0/30    2     Inter-area  10.2.3.1        1.1.1.1         0.0.0.0

 Routing for ASEs

 Destination        Cost      Type       Tag         NextHop       AdvRouter

 0.0.0.0/0          1         Type2      1           10.2.3.1        1.1.1.1

 Total Nets: 17

 Intra Area: 10  Inter Area: 6  ASE: 1  NSSA: 0

  1. 查看交换机S5 OSPF 路由表

[S5]display ospf routing

      OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 6.6.6.6

                 Routing Tables

 Routing for Network

 Destination        Cost  Type       NextHop       AdvRouter     Area

 172.16.6.0/30      1     Transit     172.16.6.1      6.6.6.6         0.0.0.1

 172.16.8.0/24      1     Stub       172.16.8.254    6.6.6.6         0.0.0.1

 172.16.9.0/24      1     Stub       172.16.9.254    6.6.6.6         0.0.0.1

 172.16.10.0/24     1     Stub       172.16.10.254   6.6.6.6         0.0.0.1

 172.16.11.0/24     1     Stub       172.16.11.254   6.6.6.6         0.0.0.1

 10.1.12.0/22       4     Inter-area   172.16.6.2      1.1.1.1         0.0.0.1

 10.2.2.0/30        3     Inter-area   172.16.6.2      1.1.1.1         0.0.0.1

 10.2.3.0/30        3     Inter-area   172.16.6.2      1.1.1.1         0.0.0.1

 172.16.12.0/30     2     Transit     172.16.6.2      2.2.2.2         0.0.0.1

 192.168.2.0/23     5     Inter-area   172.16.6.2      1.1.1.1         0.0.0.1

 192.168.6.0/30     4     Inter-area   172.16.6.2      1.1.1.1         0.0.0.1

 192.168.12.0/30    3     Inter-area   172.16.6.2      1.1.1.1         0.0.0.1

 Routing for ASEs

 Destination        Cost      Type       Tag         NextHop       AdvRouter

 0.0.0.0/0          1         Type2      1           172.16.6.2      1.1.1.1

 Total Nets: 13

 Intra Area: 6  Inter Area: 6  ASE: 1  NSSA: 0

  1. 查看交换机S6 OSPF 路由表

[S6]display ospf routing

      OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 7.7.7.7

                 Routing Tables

 Routing for Network

 Destination        Cost  Type       NextHop       AdvRouter      Area

 192.168.2.0/24     1     Stub       192.168.2.254   7.7.7.7         0.0.0.2

 192.168.3.0/24     1     Stub       192.168.3.254   7.7.7.7         0.0.0.2

 192.168.6.0/30     1     Transit     192.168.6.2     7.7.7.7         0.0.0.2

 0.0.0.0/0          3     Inter-area   192.168.6.1     1.1.1.1         0.0.0.2

 192.168.12.0/30    2     Transit     192.168.6.1     3.3.3.3         0.0.0.2

 Total Nets: 5 

 Intra Area: 4  Inter Area: 1  ASE: 0  NSSA: 0

      1. 查看IP路由表
  2. 查看路由器SZ IP路由表中OSPF路由信息

[SZ]display ip routing-table protocol ospf

Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib

------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Public routing table : OSPF

         Destinations : 12       Routes : 16      

OSPF routing table status : <Active>

         Destinations : 12       Routes : 16

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags    NextHop       Interface

      10.1.12.0/24  OSPF    10   2           D   10.2.3.2        GigabitEthernet1/0/0

                  OSPF    10   2           D   10.2.2.2        GigabitEthernet0/0/2

      10.1.13.0/24  OSPF    10   2           D   10.2.3.2        GigabitEthernet1/0/0

                  OSPF    10   2           D   10.2.2.2        GigabitEthernet0/0/2

      10.1.14.0/24  OSPF    10   2           D   10.2.3.2        GigabitEthernet1/0/0

                  OSPF    10   2           D   10.2.2.2        GigabitEthernet0/0/2

      10.1.15.0/24  OSPF    10   2           D   10.2.3.2        GigabitEthernet1/0/0

                  OSPF    10   2           D   10.2.2.2        GigabitEthernet0/0/2                          172.16.6.0/30  OSPF    10   2          D   172.16.12.1     GigabitEthernet0/0/0

     172.16.8.0/24  OSPF    10   3           D   172.16.12.1     GigabitEthernet0/0/0

     172.16.9.0/24  OSPF    10   3           D   172.16.12.1     GigabitEthernet0/0/0

    172.16.10.0/24  OSPF    10   3           D   172.16.12.1     GigabitEthernet0/0/0

    172.16.11.0/24  OSPF    10   3           D   172.16.12.1     GigabitEthernet0/0/0

    192.168.2.0/24  OSPF    10   3           D   192.168.12.2    GigabitEthernet0/0/1

    192.168.3.0/24  OSPF    10   3           D   192.168.12.2    GigabitEthernet0/0/1

    192.168.6.0/30  OSPF    10   2           D   192.168.12.2    GigabitEthernet0/0/1

OSPF routing table status : <Inactive>

         Destinations : 0        Routes : 0

  1. 查看路由器GZ IP路由表中OSPF路由信息

[GZ]display ip routing-table protocol ospf

Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib

------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Public routing table : OSPF

         Destinations : 11       Routes : 11      

OSPF routing table status : <Active>

         Destinations : 11       Routes : 11

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags    NextHop       Interface

        0.0.0.0/0   O_ASE  150  1           D  172.16.12.2      GigabitEthernet0/0/0

      10.1.12.0/22  OSPF    10   3           D   172.16.12.2     GigabitEthernet0/0/0

       10.2.2.0/30  OSPF    10   2           D   172.16.12.2     GigabitEthernet0/0/0

       10.2.3.0/30  OSPF    10   2           D   172.16.12.2     GigabitEthernet0/0/0

     172.16.8.0/24  OSPF    10   2           D   172.16.6.1      GigabitEthernet0/0/1

     172.16.9.0/24  OSPF    10   2           D   172.16.6.1      GigabitEthernet0/0/1

    172.16.10.0/24  OSPF    10   2           D   172.16.6.1      GigabitEthernet0/0/1

    172.16.11.0/24  OSPF    10   2           D   172.16.6.1      GigabitEthernet0/0/1

    192.168.2.0/23  OSPF    10   4           D   172.16.12.2     GigabitEthernet0/0/0

    192.168.6.0/30  OSPF    10   3           D   172.16.12.2     GigabitEthernet0/0/0

   192.168.12.0/30  OSPF    10   2           D   172.16.12.2     GigabitEthernet0/0/0

OSPF routing table status : <Inactive>

         Destinations : 0        Routes : 0

  1. 查看路由器BJ IP路由表中OSPF路由信息

[BJ]display ip routing-table protocol ospf

Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib

------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Public routing table : OSPF

         Destinations : 3        Routes : 3       

OSPF routing table status : <Active>

         Destinations : 3        Routes : 3

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags    NextHop       Interface

        0.0.0.0/0   OSPF    10   2           D   192.168.12.1    GigabitEthernet0/0/1

    192.168.2.0/24  OSPF    10   2           D   192.168.6.2     GigabitEthernet0/0/0

    192.168.3.0/24  OSPF    10   2           D   192.168.6.2     GigabitEthernet0/0/0

OSPF routing table status : <Inactive>

         Destinations : 0        Routes : 0

  1. 查看交换机S1 IP路由表中OSPF路由信息

[S1]display ip routing-table protocol ospf

Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib

------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Public routing table : OSPF

         Destinations : 8        Routes : 12      

OSPF routing table status : <Active>

         Destinations : 8        Routes : 12

Destination/Mask    Proto     Pre     Cost      Flags    NextHop         Interface

        0.0.0.0/0   O_ASE    150     1        D       10.2.2.1        Vlanif2

       10.2.3.0/30  OSPF      10     2         D       10.1.12.253     Vlanif12

                    OSPF    10     2         D       10.1.13.253     Vlanif13

                    OSPF    10     2         D       10.1.15.253     Vlanif15

                    OSPF    10     2         D       10.1.14.253     Vlanif14

                    OSPF    10     2         D       10.2.2.1        Vlanif2

     172.16.6.0/30  OSPF      10     3         D       10.2.2.1        Vlanif2

     172.16.8.0/22  OSPF      10     4         D       10.2.2.1        Vlanif2

    172.16.12.0/30  OSPF      10     2         D       10.2.2.1        Vlanif2

    192.168.2.0/23  OSPF      10     4         D       10.2.2.1        Vlanif2

    192.168.6.0/30  OSPF      10     3         D       10.2.2.1        Vlanif2

   192.168.12.0/30  OSPF      10     2         D       10.2.2.1        Vlanif2

OSPF routing table status : <Inactive>

         Destinations : 0        Routes : 0

  1. 查看交换机S2 IP路由表中OSPF路由信息

[S2]display ip routing-table protocol ospf

Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib

------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Public routing table : OSPF

         Destinations : 8        Routes : 12      

OSPF routing table status : <Active>

         Destinations : 8        Routes : 12

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost         Flags  NextHop      Interface

        0.0.0.0/0   O_ASE  150  1           D   10.2.3.1        Vlanif3

       10.2.2.0/30  OSPF    10   2           D   10.2.3.1        Vlanif3

                  OSPF    10   2           D   10.1.12.252     Vlanif12

                  OSPF    10   2           D   10.1.15.252     Vlanif15

                  OSPF    10   2           D   10.1.13.252     Vlanif13

                  OSPF    10   2           D   10.1.14.252     Vlanif14

     172.16.6.0/30  OSPF    10   3           D   10.2.3.1        Vlanif3

     172.16.8.0/22  OSPF    10   4           D   10.2.3.1        Vlanif3

    172.16.12.0/30  OSPF    10   2           D   10.2.3.1        Vlanif3

    192.168.2.0/23  OSPF    10   4           D   10.2.3.1        Vlanif3

    192.168.6.0/30  OSPF    10   3           D   10.2.3.1        Vlanif3

   192.168.12.0/30  OSPF    10   2           D   10.2.3.1        Vlanif3

OSPF routing table status : <Inactive>

         Destinations : 0        Routes : 0    

  1. 查看交换机S5 IP路由表中OSPF路由信息

[S5]display ip routing-table protocol ospf

Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib

------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Public routing table : OSPF

         Destinations : 8        Routes : 8       

OSPF routing table status : <Active>

         Destinations : 8        Routes : 8

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost          Flags NextHop      Interface

        0.0.0.0/0   O_ASE   150  1           D   172.16.6.2      Vlanif66

      10.1.12.0/22  OSPF    10   4           D   172.16.6.2      Vlanif66

       10.2.2.0/30  OSPF    10   3           D   172.16.6.2      Vlanif66

       10.2.3.0/30  OSPF    10   3           D   172.16.6.2      Vlanif66

    172.16.12.0/30  OSPF    10   2           D   172.16.6.2      Vlanif66

    192.168.2.0/23  OSPF    10   5           D   172.16.6.2      Vlanif66

    192.168.6.0/30  OSPF    10   4           D   172.16.6.2      Vlanif66

   192.168.12.0/30  OSPF    10   3           D   172.16.6.2      Vlanif66

OSPF routing table status : <Inactive>

         Destinations : 0        Routes : 0

  1. 查看交换机S6 IP路由表中OSPF路由信息

[S6]display ip routing-table protocol ospf

Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib

------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Public routing table : OSPF

         Destinations : 2        Routes : 2       

OSPF routing table status : <Active>

         Destinations : 2        Routes : 2

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags    NextHop       Interface

        0.0.0.0/0   OSPF    10   3           D   192.168.6.1     Vlanif666

   192.168.12.0/30  OSPF    10   2           D   192.168.6.1     Vlanif666

OSPF routing table status : <Inactive>

         Destinations : 0        Routes : 0

      1. 测试连通性
  2. 从PC1测试内网连通性

PC>ping 10.1.12.100

Ping 10.1.12.100: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break

From 10.1.12.100: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=124 time=188 ms

From 10.1.12.100: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=124 time=109 ms

From 10.1.12.100: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=124 time=124 ms

From 10.1.12.100: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=124 time=93 ms

From 10.1.12.100: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=124 time=93 ms

--- 10.1.12.100 ping statistics ---

  5 packet(s) transmitted

  5 packet(s) received

  0.00% packet loss

  round-trip min/avg/max = 93/121/188 ms

PC>ping 10.1.13.100

Ping 10.1.13.100: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break

From 10.1.13.100: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=124 time=156 ms

From 10.1.13.100: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=124 time=109 ms

From 10.1.13.100: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=124 time=94 ms

From 10.1.13.100: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=124 time=110 ms

From 10.1.13.100: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=124 time=94 ms

--- 10.1.13.100 ping statistics ---

  5 packet(s) transmitted

  5 packet(s) received

  0.00% packet loss

  round-trip min/avg/max = 94/112/156 ms

PC>ping 10.1.14.100

Ping 10.1.14.100: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break

From 10.1.14.100: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=251 time=156 ms

From 10.1.14.100: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=251 time=63 ms

From 10.1.14.100: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=251 time=94 ms

From 10.1.14.100: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=251 time=78 ms

From 10.1.14.100: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=251 time=47 ms

--- 10.1.14.100 ping statistics ---

  5 packet(s) transmitted

  5 packet(s) received

  0.00% packet loss

  round-trip min/avg/max = 47/87/156 ms

PC>ping 10.1.15.100

Ping 10.1.15.100: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break

From 10.1.15.100: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=251 time=141 ms

From 10.1.15.100: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=251 time=109 ms

From 10.1.15.100: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=251 time=63 ms

From 10.1.15.100: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=251 time=78 ms

From 10.1.15.100: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=251 time=93 ms

--- 10.1.15.100 ping statistics ---

  5 packet(s) transmitted

  5 packet(s) received

  0.00% packet loss

  round-trip min/avg/max = 63/96/141 ms

PC>ping 192.168.2.100

Ping 192.168.2.100: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break

From 192.168.2.100: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=123 time=109 ms

From 192.168.2.100: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=123 time=109 ms

From 192.168.2.100: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=123 time=63 ms

From 192.168.2.100: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=123 time=62 ms

From 192.168.2.100: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=123 time=78 ms

--- 192.168.2.100 ping statistics ---

  5 packet(s) transmitted

  5 packet(s) received

  0.00% packet loss

  round-trip min/avg/max = 62/84/109 ms

PC>ping 192.168.3.100

Ping 192.168.3.100: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break

From 192.168.3.100: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=123 time=109 ms

From 192.168.3.100: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=123 time=94 ms

From 192.168.3.100: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=123 time=63 ms

From 192.168.3.100: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=123 time=78 ms

From 192.168.3.100: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=123 time=78 ms

--- 192.168.3.100 ping statistics ---

  5 packet(s) transmitted

  5 packet(s) received

  0.00% packet loss

  round-trip min/avg/max = 63/84/109 ms

  1. 从PC7测试内网连通性

PC>ping 172.16.8.100

Ping 172.16.8.100: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break

Request timeout!

From 172.16.8.100: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=124 time=109 ms

From 172.16.8.100: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=124 time=110 ms

From 172.16.8.100: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=124 time=109 ms

From 172.16.8.100: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=124 time=109 ms

--- 172.16.8.100 ping statistics ---

  5 packet(s) transmitted

  4 packet(s) received

  20.00% packet loss

  round-trip min/avg/max = 0/109/110 ms

PC>ping 172.16.9.100

Ping 172.16.9.100: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break

From 172.16.9.100: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=124 time=140 ms

From 172.16.9.100: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=124 time=94 ms

From 172.16.9.100: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=124 time=63 ms

From 172.16.9.100: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=124 time=94 ms

From 172.16.9.100: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=124 time=94 ms

--- 172.16.9.100 ping statistics ---

  5 packet(s) transmitted

  5 packet(s) received

  0.00% packet loss

  round-trip min/avg/max = 63/97/140 ms

PC>ping 172.16.10.100

Ping 172.16.10.100: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break

From 172.16.10.100: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=124 time=125 ms

From 172.16.10.100: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=124 time=78 ms

From 172.16.10.100: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=124 time=125 ms

From 172.16.10.100: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=124 time=93 ms

From 172.16.10.100: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=124 time=109 ms

--- 172.16.10.100 ping statistics ---

  5 packet(s) transmitted

  5 packet(s) received

  0.00% packet loss

  round-trip min/avg/max = 78/106/125 ms

PC>ping 172.16.11.100

Ping 172.16.11.100: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break

From 172.16.11.100: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=124 time=124 ms

From 172.16.11.100: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=124 time=93 ms

From 172.16.11.100: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=124 time=93 ms

From 172.16.11.100: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=124 time=78 ms

From 172.16.11.100: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=124 time=109 ms

--- 172.16.11.100 ping statistics ---

  5 packet(s) transmitted

  5 packet(s) received

  0.00% packet loss

  round-trip min/avg/max = 78/99/124 ms

PC>ping 192.168.2.100

Ping 192.168.2.100: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break

Request timeout!

From 192.168.2.100: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=124 time=94 ms

From 192.168.2.100: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=124 time=94 ms

From 192.168.2.100: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=124 time=94 ms

From 192.168.2.100: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=124 time=94 ms

--- 192.168.2.100 ping statistics ---

  5 packet(s) transmitted

  4 packet(s) received

  20.00% packet loss

  round-trip min/avg/max = 0/94/94 ms

PC>ping 192.168.3.100

Ping 192.168.3.100: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break

Request timeout!

From 192.168.3.100: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=124 time=110 ms

From 192.168.3.100: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=124 time=109 ms

From 192.168.3.100: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=124 time=78 ms

From 192.168.3.100: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=124 time=78 ms

--- 192.168.3.100 ping statistics ---

  5 packet(s) transmitted

  4 packet(s) received

  20.00% packet loss

  round-trip min/avg/max = 0/93/110 ms

  1. 所有主机从内网测试外网ISP路由器环回接口地址8.8.8.8，均出现如下结果。

PC>ping 8.8.8.8

Ping 8.8.8.8: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break

From 8.8.8.8: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=252 time=47 ms

From 8.8.8.8: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=252 time=31 ms

From 8.8.8.8: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=252 time=47 ms

From 8.8.8.8: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=252 time=32 ms

From 8.8.8.8: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=252 time=62 ms

--- 8.8.8.8 ping statistics ---

  5 packet(s) transmitted

  5 packet(s) received

  0.00% packet loss

  round-trip min/avg/max = 31/43/62 ms

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