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1.sed(stream editor):
* 用来操作纯 ASCII 码的文本
* Sed 一次处理一行内容处理时,把当前处理的行存储在临时缓冲区中,称之为“模式空间”(pattern space)
* 可以指定仅仅处理哪些行,Sed 符合模式条件的处理,不符合条件的不予处理
* 处理完成之后把缓冲区的内容送往屏幕
* 接着处理下一行,这样不断重复,直到文件末尾
2. sed命令格式;sed [参数] ‘命令’ file
3.
Sed 对字符的处理:
- p 显示,将某个选择的数据打印显示。通常 p 会与参数 sed -n 一起执行
- d 删除,显示模式空间删除指定行后的内容,不会对原文件数据删除
- a 添加,a 的后面可以接字符串,该字符串会在当前指定行的下一行出现
- c 更改, c 的后面可以接字符串,该字符串可以取代 n1,n2 之间的行
- i 插入, i 的后面可以接字符串,该字符串会在当前指定行的上一行出现
- [root@server19 mnt]# cat -n /etc/fstab
- 1
- 2 #
- 3 # /etc/fstab
- 4 # Created by anaconda on Wed May 7 01:22:57 2014
- 5 #
- 6 # Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
- 7 # See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
- 8 #
- 9 UUID=9bf6b9f7-92ad-441b-848e-0257cbb883d1 / xfs defaults 1 1
-
-
-
- [root@server19 mnt]# sed -n '/\:/p' /etc/fstab ##显示含有:的行(:需要转译)
- # Created by anaconda on Wed May 7 01:22:57 2014
-
-
-
- [root@server19 mnt]# sed -n '/^#/p' /etc/fstab ##显示以#开头的行
- #
- # /etc/fstab
- # Created by anaconda on Wed May 7 01:22:57 2014
- #
- # Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
- # See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
- #
-
-
- [root@server19 mnt]# sed -n '/^#/!p' /etc/fstab ##显示不以#开头的行(!)
-
- UUID=9bf6b9f7-92ad-441b-848e-0257cbb883d1 / xfs defaults 1 1
-
-
- [root@server19 mnt]# sed -n '2,6p' /etc/fstab ##显示2-6行
- #
- # /etc/fstab
- # Created by anaconda on Wed May 7 01:22:57 2014
- #
- # Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
-
-
- [root@server19 mnt]# sed -n '2,6!p' /etc/fstab ##不显示2-6行的内容
-
- # See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
- #
- UUID=9bf6b9f7-92ad-441b-848e-0257cbb883d1 / xfs defaults 1 1
-
-
-
- [root@server19 mnt]# sed -n '2p;6p' /etc/fstab ##显示第2行和第6行【以分号为分隔符】
- #
- # Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
-
-
-
-
-
-
- root@server19 mnt]# sed '/^UUID/d' /etc/fstab ##删除以UUID开头的行
-
- #
- # /etc/fstab
- # Created by anaconda on Wed May 7 01:22:57 2014
- #
- # Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
- # See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
- #
-
-
- [root@server19 mnt]# sed '/^#/d' /etc/fstab ##删除以#开头的行
-
- UUID=9bf6b9f7-92ad-441b-848e-0257cbb883d1 / xfs defaults 1 1
-
-
- [root@server19 mnt]# sed '/^$/d' /etc/fstab ##删除空行
- #
- # /etc/fstab
- # Created by anaconda on Wed May 7 01:22:57 2014
- #
- # Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
- # See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
- #
- UUID=9bf6b9f7-92ad-441b-848e-0257cbb883d1 / xfs defaults 1 1
-
-
- [root@server19 mnt]# sed '1,4d' /etc/fstab ##删除1-4行
- #
- # Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
- # See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
- #
- UUID=9bf6b9f7-92ad-441b-848e-0257cbb883d1 / xfs defaults 1 1
-
- [root@server19 mnt]# cat hello.sh
- hello
-
- [root@server19 mnt]# sed '/hello/aworld' hello.sh
- hello
- world
-
-
- 全文替换:
- [root@server19 mnt]# sed 's/hello/hello world/g' hello.sh
- hello world
-
-
- 全文替换加上换行:
- [root@server19 mnt]# sed 's/hello/hello\nworld/g' hello.sh
- hello
- world
-
- [root@server19 mnt]# sed '/hello/chello world' hello.sh
- hello world
- [root@server19 mnt]# sed '/hello/iworld\nwestos' hello.sh
- world ##默认加在最上面
- westos
- hello
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