python调用zabbixapi接口_Python 调用 zabbix api的方法示例

前提准备：

1.使用python requests模块

2.了解json

3.zabbix api的具体调用建议先浏览一下官网

先上代码：

import requests,json

#

#url一定要正确，IP地址换成自己zabbix服务器的

zbx_url = "http://192.168.60.130:3080/zabbix/api_jsonrpc.php"

#在post请求头部必须要有 'Content-Type': 'application/json-rpc'

headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json-rpc'}

#传递json 数据到api;登录

login = {

"jsonrpc": "2.0",

"method": "user.login",

"params": {

"user": "Admin",

"password": "zabbix"

},

"id": 1

}

#首次登陆不用在json字段中写 auth，否则会有相关的报错

#将数据发送到api

ret = requests.post(zbx_url, data=json.dumps(login), headers=headers)

#对结果进行序列化

ret = ret.json()

auth = ret['result']

#获取问题主机json

data = {

"jsonrpc": "2.0",

"method":"trigger.get",

"params": {

# output表示输出结果包含参数有哪些

"output": [

"triggerid",

"description",

"status",

"value",

"priority",

"lastchange",

"recovery_mode",

"hosts",

"state",

],

"selectHosts": "hosts", # 需包含主机ID信息，以便于根据主机ID查询主机信息

"selectItems":"items",

"filter": {

# 筛选条件

"value": 1,#value值为1表示有问题

"status": 0#status为0表示已启用的trigger

},

},

"auth":auth,#这里的auth就是登录后获取的

'id':'1'#这个id可以随意

}

#将查询数据发送到zabbix-server

ret = requests.post(zbx_url,data=json.dumps(data),headers=headers)

respone_result = ret.json()['result']#对结果进行json序列化

print(respone_result)

下面简单介绍一下上诉代码：

要调用zabbix api获取数据，首先要获得auth这一串字符用户后续的内容获取，auth可以看做是一种你与zabbix-server之间的"暗号"；

登录的json内容之所以这样写是zabbix官方规定的，json字符串里面千万不能使用tab键。

login = {

"jsonrpc": "2.0",

"method": "user.login",

"params": {

"user": "Admin", #根据自己的情况填

"password": "zabbix" #根据自己的条件填写

},

"id": 1

}

获取问题主机的json字符串建议先浏览一下官网的说明，要强调的是output和filter这两个key，output就是zabbix api返回来的内容，filter相当于是过滤条件：

"filter": {

# 筛选条件

"value": 1, #value值为1表示有问题

"status": 0 #status为0表示已启用的trigger

},

上诉代码表示 value=1 and status=0，是一种与关系，很像查数据库表时候的过滤操作。

强烈建议先大概浏览一下官网文档

PS:Python通过Zabbix API获得数据的方法

import json,urllib2

from urllib2 import Request, urlopen, URLError, HTTPError

#url and url header

#zabbix的api 地址，用户名，密码，这里修改为自己实际的参数

zabbix_url="http://10.16.2.40/zabbix/api_jsonrpc.php"

zabbix_header = {"Content-Type":"application/json"}

zabbix_user = "admin"

zabbix_pass = "password"

auth_code = ""

#auth user and password

#用户认证信息的部分，最终的目的是得到一个SESSIONID

#这里是生成一个json格式的数据，用户名和密码

auth_data = json.dumps(

{

"jsonrpc":"2.0",

"method":"user.login",

"params":

{

"user":zabbix_user,

"password":zabbix_pass

},

"id":0

})

# create request object

request = urllib2.Request(zabbix_url,auth_data)

for key in zabbix_header:

request.add_header(key,zabbix_header[key])

try:

result = urllib2.urlopen(request)

#对于出错新的处理

except HTTPError, e:

print 'The server couldn\'t fulfill the request, Error code: ', e.code

except URLError, e:

print 'We failed to reach a server.Reason: ', e.reason

else:

response=json.loads(result.read())

print response

result.close()

#判断SESSIONID是否在返回的数据中

if 'result' in response:

auth_code=response['result']

else:

print response['error']['data']

# request json

#用得到的SESSIONID去通过验证，获取主机的信息(用http.get方法)

if len(auth_code) <> 0:

host_list=[]

get_host_data = json.dumps(

{

"jsonrpc":"2.0",

"method":"host.get",

"params":{

"output": "extend",

},

"auth":auth_code,

"id":1,

})

# create request object

request = urllib2.Request(zabbix_url,get_host_data)

for key in zabbix_header:

request.add_header(key,zabbix_header[key])

# get host list

try:

result = urllib2.urlopen(request)

except URLError as e:

if hasattr(e, 'reason'):

print 'We failed to reach a server.'

print 'Reason: ', e.reason

elif hasattr(e, 'code'):

print 'The server could not fulfill the request.'

print 'Error code: ', e.code

else:

response = json.loads(result.read())

result.close()

#将所有的主机信息显示出来

for r in response['result']:

# print r['hostid'],r['host']

host_list.append(r['hostid'])

#显示主机的个数

print "Number Of Hosts: ", len(host_list)

#返回所有hostid==10251的主机，并只查询name包含“CPU Usage”字段的item，并按照name排序

get_item_data = json.dumps({

"jsonrpc": "2.0",

"method": "item.get",

"params": {

"output": "extend",

"hostids": "10251"

"search": {

#"key_": 'perf_counter[\Processor Information(_Total)\% Processor Time]'

"name": "CPU Usage"

},

"sortfield": "name"

},

"auth": auth_code,

"id": 1

})

request = urllib2.Request(zabbix_url,get_item_data)

for key in zabbix_header:

request.add_header(key,zabbix_header[key])

result = urllib2.urlopen(request)

try:

result = urllib2.urlopen(request)

response = json.loads(result.read())

for r in response['result']:

print r['itemid'],r['hostid']

result.close()

except:

pass

#通过hostid获取相应的graphid

get_graph_data = json.dumps({

"jsonrpc": "2.0",

"method": "graphitem.get",

"params": {

"output": "extend",

"expandData": 1,

"itemids": "33712"

},

"auth": auth_code,

"id": 1

})

request = urllib2.Request(zabbix_url,get_graph_data)

for key in zabbix_header:

request.add_header(key,zabbix_header[key])

result = urllib2.urlopen(request)

try:

result = urllib2.urlopen(request)

response = json.loads(result.read())

for r in response['result']:

print r['itemid'],r['graphid']

result.close()

except:

pass

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