ros2 foxy订阅话题问题_error: using invalid field 鈥榬clcpp::anysubscriptio

代码片段

这部分代码在galactic版本编译是OK的，可在foxy下编译就出了问题

TeleopPanel::TeleopPanel(QWidget* parent) : rviz_common::Panel(parent), playRate_(1.0)
{
    signalPub_ = nh_->create_publisher<std_msgs::msg::Int16>("/pixel/lv/run_signal", 5);
    beginPub_ = nh_->create_publisher<std_msgs::msg::Float32>("/pixel/lv/begin_signal", 5);
    ratePub_ = nh_->create_publisher<std_msgs::msg::Float32>("/pixel/lv/rate_signal", 5);

    currTimeSub_ = nh_->create_subscription<std_msgs::msg::String>("/pixel/lv/current_time", 10, std::bind(&TeleopPanel::CurrTimeSub, this, std::placeholders::_1));
    selectPtSub_ = nh_->create_subscription<sensor_msgs::msg::PointCloud2>("/rviz_selected_points", 10, std::bind(&TeleopPanel::SelectPtSub, this, std::placeholders::_1));

    std::thread t(&TeleopPanel::StartSpin, this);
    t.detach();

    SetPanelLayout();
}

void TeleopPanel::CurrTimeSub(const std_msgs::msg::String& msg)
{
    QString currTime = QString::fromStdString(msg.data);
    currentTimeEditor_->setText(currTime);
}

void TeleopPanel::SelectPtSub(const sensor_msgs::msg::PointCloud2& msg)
{
    const auto ptsNum = msg.width;
    QString ptsNumQStr = QString::fromStdString(std::to_string(ptsNum));
    selectPtsEditor_->setText(ptsNumQStr);
}
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出错部分

两个create_subscription调用出错

currTimeSub_ = nh_->create_subscription<std_msgs::msg::String>("/pixel/lv/current_time", 10, std::bind(&TeleopPanel::CurrTimeSub, this, std::placeholders::_1));
selectPtSub_ = nh_->create_subscription<sensor_msgs::msg::PointCloud2>("/rviz_selected_points", 10, std::bind(&TeleopPanel::SelectPtSub, this, std::placeholders::_1));
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create_subscription函数原型

std::shared_ptr<SubscriptionT>
  create_subscription(
    const std::string & topic_name,
    const rclcpp::QoS & qos,
    CallbackT && callback,
    const SubscriptionOptionsWithAllocator<AllocatorT> & options =
    SubscriptionOptionsWithAllocator<AllocatorT>(),
    typename MessageMemoryStrategyT::SharedPtr msg_mem_strat = (
      MessageMemoryStrategyT::create_default()
    )
  );
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出错内容

下面是其中一部分报错内容

// 报错一
play_panel.cpp:26: error: no match for ‘operator=’ (operand types are ‘rclcpp::Subscription<sensor_msgs::msg::PointCloud2_<std::allocator<void> > >::SharedPtr’ {aka ‘std::shared_ptr<rclcpp::Subscription<sensor_msgs::msg::PointCloud2_<std::allocator<void> > > >’} and ‘std::shared_ptr<rclcpp::Subscription<const sensor_msgs::msg::PointCloud2_<std::allocator<void> >&, std::allocator<void>, rclcpp::message_memory_strategy::MessageMemoryStrategy<const sensor_msgs::msg::PointCloud2_<std::allocator<void> >&, std::allocator<void> > > >’)
   26 |     selectPtSub_ = nh_->create_subscription<sensor_msgs::msg::PointCloud2>("/rviz_selected_points", 10, std::bind(&TeleopPanel::SelectPtSub, this, std::placeholders::_1));
      |                                                                                                                                                                          ^
// 报错二
play_panel.cpp:26:25: error: no matching member function for call to 'create_subscription'
node_impl.hpp:91:7: note: candidate template ignored: substitution failure [with MessageT = sensor_msgs::msg::PointCloud2_<std::allocator<void> >, CallbackT = std::_Bind<void (LidarViewRos2::RvizPlugin::TeleopPanel::*(LidarViewRos2::RvizPlugin::TeleopPanel *, std::_Placeholder<1>))(const sensor_msgs::msg::PointCloud2_<std::allocator<void> > &)>, AllocatorT = std::allocator<void>, CallbackMessageT = const sensor_msgs::msg::PointCloud2_<std::allocator<void> > &, SubscriptionT = rclcpp::Subscription<const sensor_msgs::msg::PointCloud2_<std::allocator<void> > &, std::allocator<void>, rclcpp::message_memory_strategy::MessageMemoryStrategy<const sensor_msgs::msg::PointCloud2_<std::allocator<void> > &, std::allocator<void> > >, MessageMemoryStrategyT = rclcpp::message_memory_strategy::MessageMemoryStrategy<const sensor_msgs::msg::PointCloud2_<std::allocator<void> > &, std::allocator<void> >]

// 报错三
/opt/ros/foxy/include/rclcpp/subscription_factory.hpp:97: error: no matching function for call to ‘rclcpp::AnySubscriptionCallback<const sensor_msgs::msg::PointCloud2_<std::allocator<void> >&, std::allocator<void> >::set(std::_Bind<void (LidarViewRos2::RvizPlugin::TeleopPanel::*(LidarViewRos2::RvizPlugin::TeleopPanel*, std::_Placeholder<1>))(const sensor_msgs::msg::PointCloud2_<std::allocator<void> >&)>)’
   97 |   any_subscription_callback.set(std::forward<CallbackT>(callback));
      |   ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    
// 报错四
/usr/include/c++/9/ext/new_allocator.h:64: error: forming pointer to reference type ‘const sensor_msgs::msg::PointCloud2_<std::allocator<void> >&’
typedef const _Tp* const_pointer;
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其实就是模板函数的原型不匹配导致的，CallbackT的模板参数需要传入指针类型才能正确解参数类型，传入引用类型是不对的

正确写法

只要把CurrTimeSub和SelectPtSub两个函数的原型修改一下（入参改成指针）就OK了

void TeleopPanel::CurrTimeSub(const std_msgs::msg::String::SharedPtr msg)
{
    QString currTime = QString::fromStdString(msg->data);
    currentTimeEditor_->setText(currTime);
}

void TeleopPanel::SelectPtSub(const sensor_msgs::msg::PointCloud2::SharedPtr msg)
{
    const auto ptsNum = msg->width;
    QString ptsNumQStr = QString::fromStdString(std::to_string(ptsNum));
    selectPtsEditor_->setText(ptsNumQStr);
}
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总结

foxy和galactic及后续版本在create_subscription模板函数的实现有区别，移植的时候要注意兼容性，参考issue ros2 add arguments to callback - ROS Answers: Open Source Q&A Forum