docker安装ES

首先拉取镜像：

sudo docker pull elasticsearch:7.12.0
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elasticsearch:7.12.0:我安装的版本是7.12.0，可以根据实际的情况安装

创建docker容器挂在的目录：

sudo mkdir -p /opt/elasticsearch/config
sudo mkdir -p /opt/elasticsearch/data
sudo mkdir -p /opt/elasticsearch/plugins
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配置文件:

echo "http.host: 0.0.0.0" >> /opt/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml
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创建容器:

sudo docker run --name elasticsearch -p 9200:9200  -p 9300:9300 \
-e "discovery.type=single-node" \
-e ES_JAVA_OPTS="-Xms84m -Xmx512m" \
-v /opt/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml:/usr/share/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml \
-v /opt/elasticsearch/data:/usr/share/elasticsearch/data \
-v /opt/elasticsearch/plugins:/usr/share/elasticsearch/plugins \
-d elasticsearch:7.12.0
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说明:

• -p 端口映射
• -e discovery.type=single-node 单点模式启动
• -e ES_JAVA_OPTS=“-Xms84m -Xmx512m”：设置启动占用的内存范围
• -v 目录挂载
• -d 后台运行

查看启动详情

docker ps  查看是否启动
docker logs elasticsearch  启动日志查询
docker restart elasticsearch   重启
docker exec -it elasticsearch bash 进入
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可能会出现的安装异常

异常一：文件夹未设置所有用户读写执行权限，处理：sudo chmod -R 777 /opt/elasticsearch/

ncaught exception in thread [main]", 
"stacktrace": ["org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.StartupException: ElasticsearchException[failed to bind service]; nested: AccessDeniedException[/usr/share/elasticsearch/data/nodes];",
"at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.init(Elasticsearch.java:163) ~[elasticsearch-7.12.0.jar:7.12.0]",
"at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.execute(Elasticsearch.java:150) ~[elasticsearch-7.12.0.jar:7.12.0]",
"at org.elasticsearch.cli.EnvironmentAwareCommand.execute(EnvironmentAwareCommand.java:75) ~[elasticsearch-7.12.0.jar:7.12.0]",
"at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.mainWithoutErrorHandling(Command.java:116) ~[elasticsearch-cli-7.12.0.jar:7.12.0]",
"at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.main(Command.java:79) ~[elasticsearch-cli-7.12.0.jar:7.12.0]",
"at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:115) ~[elasticsearch-7.12.0.jar:7.12.0]",
"at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:81) ~[elasticsearch-7.12.0.jar:7.12.0]",
"Caused by: org.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchException: failed to bind service",
"at org.elasticsearch.node.Node.<init>(Node.java:744) ~[elasticsearch-7.12.0.jar:7.12.0]",
"at org.elasticsearch.node.Node.<init>(Node.java:278) ~[elasticsearch-7.12.0.jar:7.12.0]",
"at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap$5.<init>(Bootstrap.java:217) ~[elasticsearch-7.12.0.jar:7.12.0]",
"at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.setup(Bootstrap.java:217) ~[elasticsearch-7.12.0.jar:7.12.0]",
"at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.init(Bootstrap.java:397) ~[elasticsearch-7.12.0.jar:7.12.0]",
"at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.init(Elasticsearch.java:159) ~[elasticsearch-7.12.0.jar:7.12.0]",
"... 6 more",
"Caused by: java.nio.file.AccessDeniedException: /usr/share/elasticsearch/data/nodes",
"at sun.nio.fs.UnixException.translateToIOException(UnixException.java:90) ~[?:?]",
"at sun.nio.fs.UnixException.rethrowAsIOException(UnixException.java:106) ~[?:?]",
"at sun.nio.fs.UnixException.rethrowAsIOException(UnixException.java:111) ~[?:?]",
"at sun.nio.fs.UnixFileSystemProvider.createDirectory(UnixFileSystemProvider.java:388) ~[?:?]",
"at java.nio.file.Files.createDirectory(Files.java:694) ~[?:?]",
"at java.nio.file.Files.createAndCheckIsDirectory(Files.java:801) ~[?:?]",
"at java.nio.file.Files.createDirectories(Files.java:787) ~[?:?]",
"at org.elasticsearch.env.NodeEnvironment.lambda$new$0(NodeEnvironment.java:265) ~[elasticsearch-7.12.0.jar:7.12.0]",
"at org.elasticsearch.env.NodeEnvironment$NodeLock.<init>(NodeEnvironment.java:202) ~[elasticsearch-7.12.0.jar:7.12.0]",
"at org.elasticsearch.env.NodeEnvironment.<init>(NodeEnvironment.java:262) ~[elasticsearch-7.12.0.jar:7.12.0]",
"at org.elasticsearch.node.Node.<init>(Node.java:352) ~[elasticsearch-7.12.0.jar:7.12.0]",
"at org.elasticsearch.node.Node.<init>(Node.java:278) ~[elasticsearch-7.12.0.jar:7.12.0]",
"at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap$5.<init>(Bootstrap.java:217) ~[elasticsearch-7.12.0.jar:7.12.0]",
"at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.setup(Bootstrap.java:217) ~[elasticsearch-7.12.0.jar:7.12.0]",
"at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.init(Bootstrap.java:397) ~[elasticsearch-7.12.0.jar:7.12.0]",
"at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.init(Elasticsearch.java:159) ~[elasticsearch-7.12.0.jar:7.12.0]",
"... 6 more"] }
uncaught exception in thread [main]
ElasticsearchException[failed to bind service]; nested: AccessDeniedException[/usr/share/elasticsearch/data/nodes];
Likely root cause: java.nio.file.AccessDeniedException: /usr/share/elasticsearch/data/nodes
	at java.base/sun.nio.fs.UnixException.translateToIOException(UnixException.java:90)
	at java.base/sun.nio.fs.UnixException.rethrowAsIOException(UnixException.java:106)
	at java.base/sun.nio.fs.UnixException.rethrowAsIOException(UnixException.java:111)
	at java.base/sun.nio.fs.UnixFileSystemProvider.createDirectory(UnixFileSystemProvider.java:388)
	at java.base/java.nio.file.Files.createDirectory(Files.java:694)
	at java.base/java.nio.file.Files.createAndCheckIsDirectory(Files.java:801)
	at java.base/java.nio.file.Files.createDirectories(Files.java:787)
	at org.elasticsearch.env.NodeEnvironment.lambda$new$0(NodeEnvironment.java:265)
	at org.elasticsearch.env.NodeEnvironment$NodeLock.<init>(NodeEnvironment.java:202)
	at org.elasticsearch.env.NodeEnvironment.<init>(NodeEnvironment.java:262)
	at org.elasticsearch.node.Node.<init>(Node.java:352)
	at org.elasticsearch.node.Node.<init>(Node.java:278)
	at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap$5.<init>(Bootstrap.java:217)
	at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.setup(Bootstrap.java:217)
	at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.init(Bootstrap.java:397)
	at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.init(Elasticsearch.java:159)
	at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.execute(Elasticsearch.java:150)
	at org.elasticsearch.cli.EnvironmentAwareCommand.execute(EnvironmentAwareCommand.java:75)
	at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.mainWithoutErrorHandling(Command.java:116)
	at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.main(Command.java:79)
	at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:115)
	at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:81)
For complete error details, refer to the log at /usr/share/elasticsearch/logs/elasticsearch.log

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异常二：echo “http.host:0.0.0.0” ==》echo “http.host: 0.0.0.0”；“：”后面有个空格！

异常三：因虚拟内存太少导致，处理：sudo sysctl -w vm.max_map_count=262144

测试正常启动页面