486. 【数据库】ubuntu-二进制文件方式安装-mysql8_ubuntu安装mysql8

一、安装 libaio依赖

feng@feng:~/software/dev$ apt-cache search libaio
libaio1 - Linux kernel AIO access library - shared library
libaio-dev - Linux kernel AIO access library - development files
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feng@feng:~/software/dev$ sudo apt install libaio1
[sudo] feng 的密码： 
正在读取软件包列表... 完成
正在分析软件包的依赖关系树... 完成
正在读取状态信息... 完成                 
下列【新】软件包将被安装：
  libaio1
升级了 0 个软件包，新安装了 1 个软件包，要卸载 0 个软件包，有 36 个软件包未被升级。
需要下载 7,176 B 的归档。
解压缩后会消耗 37.9 kB 的额外空间。
获取:1 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 libaio1 amd64 0.3.112-13build1 [7,176 B]
已下载 7,176 B，耗时 1秒 (8,818 B/s)
正在选中未选择的软件包 libaio1:amd64。
(正在读取数据库 ... 系统当前共安装有 180816 个文件和目录。)
准备解压 .../libaio1_0.3.112-13build1_amd64.deb  ...
正在解压 libaio1:amd64 (0.3.112-13build1) ...
正在设置 libaio1:amd64 (0.3.112-13build1) ...
正在处理用于 libc-bin (2.35-0ubuntu3.1) 的触发器 ...

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二、解压 mysql-8.0.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz

tar -xf mysql-8.0.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz
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三、安装

feng@feng:~/software/dev/mysql-8.0.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64$ sudo groupadd mysql
[sudo] feng 的密码： 
feng@feng:~/software/dev/mysql-8.0.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64$ sudo useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql
feng@feng:~/software/dev/mysql-8.0.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64$ cd /usr/local/
feng@feng:/usr/local$ sudo ln -s /home/feng/software/dev/mysql-8.0.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql
feng@feng:/usr/local$ ls
bin  etc  games  include  lib  man  mysql  sbin  share  src
feng@feng:/usr/local$ cd mysql
feng@feng:/usr/local/mysql$ ls
bin  docs  include  lib  LICENSE  man  README  share  support-files
feng@feng:/usr/local/mysql$ mkdir mysql-files
feng@feng:/usr/local/mysql$ sudo chown mysql:mysql mysql-files
feng@feng:/usr/local/mysql$ sudo chmod 750 mysql-files
feng@feng:/usr/local/mysql$ ./bin/mysqld --initialize --user=root
2022-11-11T03:11:43.390174Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /home/feng/software/dev/mysql-8.0.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.28) initializing of server in progress as process 19970
2022-11-11T03:11:43.390999Z 0 [Warning] [MY-010122] [Server] One can only use the --user switch if running as root
2022-11-11T03:11:43.454295Z 1 [System] [MY-013576] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has started.
2022-11-11T03:11:53.151407Z 1 [System] [MY-013577] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has ended.

2022-11-11T03:12:14.146844Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: /Vfe3n/+qdm6
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注意：前面执行的命令里头 --user=root，官方文档里头其实不是这么写的，而是 --user=mysql，但我在ubuntu中，老是出错，就改成了 root。并且接下来的所有命令都是通过 root 用户执行的。亲测可行。

四、编辑systemd文件

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysql.service
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[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
After=network.target
After=syslog.target

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

[Service]
User=root
Group=root

#  Have mysqld write its state to the systemd notify socket
Type=notify

#  Disable service start and stop timeout logic of systemd for mysqld service.
TimeoutSec=0

#  Start main service
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --user=root


#  Sets open_files_limit
LimitNOFILE = 10000

Restart=on-failure

RestartPreventExitStatus=1

#  Set environment variable MYSQLD_PARENT_PID. This is required for restart.
Environment=MYSQLD_PARENT_PID=1

PrivateTmp=false

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systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart mysql
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五、解决登录问题

启动完成之后，我遇到了一个报错，如下所示：

root@feng:/usr/local/mysql/bin#  ./mysql -u root@localhost -p
./mysql: error while loading shared libraries: libtinfo.so.5: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

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解决方法如下：

root@feng:/usr/local/mysql/bin#  find /usr/ -name 'libtinfo*'
/usr/share/doc/libtinfo6
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libtinfo.so.6.3
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libtinfo.so
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libtinfo.a
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libtinfo.so.6

root@feng:/usr/local/mysql/bin#  ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libtinfo.so.6.3 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libtinfo.so.5
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解决思路就是：找到操作系统里的 libtinfo.so.*的位置，然后建立一个软链接到对应目录下的 libtinfo.so.5

六、修改初始密码

通过客户端连进去之后，执行下面的sql，修改密码：

alter user user() identified by '123456'
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七、创建 ‘root’@‘%’ 用户

mysql> create user 'root'@'%' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.12 sec)

mysql> grant all on *.* to 'root'@'%';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.10 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)

mysql> 

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