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云计算基础架构平台搭建,云计算平台开发与运维,搭建openstack平台_怎么搭建一个云平台

怎么搭建一个云平台

基础环境配置

一、创建虚拟机

先创建两台虚拟机内存放大一些,实际用的内存不会那么高

95ebf21257be4e9ea64425b2df131003.png

1.controller节点硬件配置

镜像我这里使用1804的   (注意:要添加一个仅主机模式的网络适配器)

44f2528f89364b7dab2efd674ee12351.png

2.编辑compute硬件

添加硬盘

68cf4ecc32bb41efb0015f3db5d9d09e.png

三次下一步默认设置到这里

117f58e65517459091ab1447e3861f8a.png

 (注意这里是两张网卡,一张NET,一张仅主机)

d63f470fcfa44ca59f1092ec30794082.png

开机

二、基础配置

1.修改网路配置

controller跟compute节点

(根据自己ip a查看网卡名字进行修改)

vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33

在最后面添加以下信息,DNS1为网关ip(我这里controller节点的ip为192.168.200.10,compute节点为192.168.200.20)

  1. IPADDR=192.168.200.10
  2. NETMASK=255.255.255.0
  3. GATEWAY=192.168.200.2
  4. DNS1=192.168.200.2

 ip改为固定的

 a23b1e5d55ed45efbe940311b4c02fd4.png

 第二张网卡只需要将这里改为yes,也可以不改

 fbfcf64ca8274cbcb1dec9db884e1666.png

重启网络

systemctl restart network

尝试ping外网

a4a0710030cf455ea5699d6b8592b79c.png

2.关闭防火墙

(controller节点加compute节点)

  1. systemctl stop firewalld
  2. systemctl disable firewalld

3.更改主机名

(controller节点加compute节点)

  1. hostnamectl set-hostname controller
  2. bash

4.映射

controller节点

vi /etc/hosts

在下面添加两个节点的ip跟名字,(ip根据自己的改,名字跟下面的一样)

ebe70c3828f4461fae0dda549a9f5ce0.png

5.进行免密操作

ssh-keygen

(一直回车)

afccd02acbba41cfa33e6ef7c3b881e4.png

ssh-copy-id compute

yes

密码(计算节点的开机密码)

adc39c2dd7384f2798b44fa9399436a7.png

scp /etc/hosts compute:/etc/hosts

6.修改seliunx

vi /etc/selinux/config

这个改成图片中的模式

781365b5433141649096e0bd5711720c.png

7.yum源配置

(controller节点加compute节点)

mv /etc/yum.repos.d/* /media/
vi /etc/yum.repos.d/openstack.repo
  1. [centos-base]
  2. name=centos-base
  3. baseurl=https://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch
  4. gpgcheck=0
  5. enabled=1
  6. [centos-extras]
  7. name=centos-extras
  8. baseurl=https://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch
  9. gpgcheck=0
  10. enabled=1
  11. [openstack]
  12. name=openstack rocky
  13. baseurl=https://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/cloud/$basearch/openstack-rocky
  14. gpgcheck=0
  15. enabled=1
  16. [virt]
  17. name=virt
  18. baseurl=https://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/virt/$basearch/kvm-common/
  19. gpgcheck=0
  20. enabled=1
yum repolist

b9641d6bc98946f3b9ac36667856f523.png

结果为13404多个包

三、基础服务和软件安装

注意节点信息

1.时间服务

yum install -y chrony

controller节点

 (建议下载一个vim(这个可以更直观看文档里面的区别)效果与vi命令大同小异,但是更直观。后面的vi命令本教程统一用vim)

下载vim命令(可以选择不下)

yum install -y vim
vim /etc/chrony.conf

060da3fece9143c1ada0b69ef5fa6a5b.png

  1. systemctl restart chronyd
  2. systemctl enable chronyd

测试

compute节点

在最后面添加

server 192.168.200.10 iburst

c72fc456a4574d06ac001891ad64a05a.png

重启服务

  1. systemctl restart chronyd
  2. systemctl enable chronyd

chronyc sources

64a4a88113c54ace88050f6fe2b0dbda.png

2.安装基础软件

(controller节点加compute节点)

  1. yum install -y python-openstackclient
  2. yum install -y openstack-selinux

3.安装数据库

只需要在controller节点安装

yum install -y mariadb mariadb-server python2-PyMYSQL
vim /etc/my.cnf.d/openstack.cnf

在里面添加(ip改为自己controller节点的ip)

  1. [mysqld]
  2. bind-address = 192.168.200.10
  3. default-storage-engine = innodb
  4. innodb_file_per_table = on
  5. max_connections = 4096
  6. collation-server = utf8_general_ci
  7. character-set-server = utf8

(开机自启服务)

systemctl enable mariadb.service

(启动服务)

systemctl start mariadb.service

进行安全设置

mysql_secure_installation

Enter current password for root (enter for none):回车

Set root password? [Y/n] y

New password:输入密码(一般为000000)

Re-enter new password:再次输入密码

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] n

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y

4.消息服务

只在controller节点安装rabbitmq

yum install -y rabbitmq-server

启动服务

  1. systemctl enable rabbitmq-server.service
  2. systemctl start rabbitmq-server.service

增加用户和授权

rabbitmqctl add_user openstack 000000

成功是显示以下,如果报错,先检查另一台虚拟机是否改名成controller,

8b65a5d138164ba59428b73713e55556.png

 如果报错;两个节点都进行以下操作

  1. hostnamectl set-hostname controller
  2. bash

操作完上面这步后,两个节点都打

reboot

这是让两个节点重启,让环境生效,然后重新连接第三方输入密码后重新打

rabbitmqctl add_user openstack 000000

rabbitmqctl set_permissions openstack ".*" ".*" ".*"

成功如下

6092a1487b0646caa2d51b906731045a.png

5.缓冲服务memcache

只在controller节点安装

yum -y install memcached python-memcached

修改配置

vim /etc/sysconfig/memcached

在1后面添加,controller

1b49c2915d9b4b7ba1c780163c576442.png

启动服务

  1. systemctl enable memcached.service
  2. systemctl start memcached.service

到此完成基础服务和软件安装,建议两台虚拟机保存快照,自己备注好

四、安装和配置Keystone

该任务在controller节点完成,但请确保compute节点为开机状态

(1)数据库的创建

mysql -u root -p000000

e22b7e86e65d4efa85ba420a90012bb5.png

命令如下

CREATE DATABASE keystone; 
  1. GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON keystone.* \
  2. TO 'keystone'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '000000';
  1. GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON keystone.* \
  2. TO 'keystone'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '000000';

打完成功后如上图所示

exit   退出

(2)安装keystone

yum install -y openstack-keystone httpd mod_wsgi

(3)修改配置

vim /etc/keystone/keystone.conf

(建议下载一个vim(这个可以更直观看文档里面的区别)效果与vi命令大同小异,但是更直观。后面的vi命令本教程统一用vim)

下载vim命令(可以选择不下)

yum install -y vim

在对应下面添加,得找到对应的  []  下添加

例如:

[database]

connection = mysql+pymysql://keystone:000000@controller/keystone

[token]

provider = fernet

查找技巧:在命令模式下(也就是保存退出时用到的Esc这个按键),:/   后面添加要查找的关键字符,如   :/database     后按回车进行查找第一个,如果要继续往下查找,按n键往下查找,按Shift+n键为往上查找

(不要将[database]中的[]符号加入到查找里面)

[database]

connection = mysql+pymysql://keystone:000000@controller/keystone

 [token]

provider = fernet

63683b9189b543bfbd89a9b7dbcc4618.png

98761d5a34a847349537ad024770861d.png

(4)初始化数据库

 su -s /bin/sh -c "keystone-manage db_sync" keystone

(5)初始化keystone

  1. keystone-manage fernet_setup --keystone-user keystone \
  2. --keystone-group keystone
  1. keystone-manage credential_setup --keystone-user keystone \
  2. --keystone-group keystone
  1. keystone-manage bootstrap --bootstrap-password 000000 \
  2. --bootstrap-admin-url http://controller:5000/v3/ \
  3. --bootstrap-internal-url http://controller:5000/v3/ \
  4. --bootstrap-public-url http://controller:5000/v3/ \
  5. --bootstrap-region-id RegionOne

(6)修改httpd的配置

vim  /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

可以通过上面介绍的查找关键字,找关键字ServerName,将前面注释符#删掉

a758813085184abc9d9215fdec73118c.png

改成

2716fc6d83984b0797cdf1dcef5bf999.png

ln -s /usr/share/keystone/wsgi-keystone.conf /etc/httpd/conf.d/

(7)启动httpd服务

  1. systemctl enable httpd.service
  2. systemctl start httpd.service

(8)设置环境变量

vi ~/.bashrc

在最下面添加

  1. export OS_USERNAME=admin
  2. export OS_PASSWORD=000000
  3. export OS_PROJECT_NAME=admin
  4. export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
  5. export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
  6. export OS_AUTH_URL=http://controller:5000/v3
  7. export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3
  8. export OS_IMAGE_API_VERSION=2

保存退出

source ~/.bashrc

这个命令为更新上面的配置,不用重新登录,省下来的三分钟你能干嘛,懂的都懂

(9)创建一个项目

openstack project create --domain default --description "Service Project" service

成功创建后显示以下

c314ffd1ab3d4bc8a3af9df6966e92ef.png

要是你还不确信,继续执行

openstack project list

9467ae602b0d492f93aee4e79448df38.png

不就跟书本上一样了嘛,舒服没,犟驴 o . O

2.设置openstack命令的自动补全功能

.

(1)安装bash-completion软件

yum -y install bash-completion

(2)修改~/.bashrc文件,在最后加上

vi ~/.bashrc
source <(openstack complete --shell bash)

再更新一下配置

source ~/.bashrc

完成后建议保存一下快照

书本例3-2

token=$(openstack token issue -f value -c id)
echo $token

完成显示

04e67ad37ec744d68d701bf5e9a3f11c.png

curl -s http://controller:5000/v3/projects -H "Content-type: application/json" -H "X-Auth-Token: $token" | python -mjson.tool|grep name

ca206032ff27412c9d9cad6fffe038cf.png

五、安装Glance

1.Glance安装和配置

(1)创建数据库

mysql -u root -p000000

CREATE DATABASE glance;
  1. GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON glance.* TO 'glance'@'localhost' \
  2. IDENTIFIED BY '000000';
  1. GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON glance.* TO 'glance'@'%' \
  2. IDENTIFIED BY '000000';

查看是否成功创建好数据库

show databases;

c221b1255e604049b75ae15bc6a53ac4.png

exit退出

0c352f3b7d784883abc2f941898539cf.png

(2)创建用户、角色和服务

openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt glance

输入两次密码

c1304a8411bd40b3a2ebfea440c5ecef.png

openstack role add --project service --user glance admin
openstack service create --name glance   --description "OpenStack Image" image

结果

dadcd97689104a6c95ae4d54f5b31b88.png

(3)创建Endpoint

1

  1. openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
  2. image public http://controller:9292

94d584ff3b01495c94847f589d8c37c6.png

2

  1. openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
  2. image internal http://controller:9292

bfde3d4e98124f2e9dbe3ef5fc5d9f74.png

3

  1. openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
  2. image admin http://controller:9292

883bf3bc1007404daf210b25086ec370.png

(4)安装软件

yum -y install openstack-glance

(5)修改配置

修改/etc/glance/glance-api.conf

vim /etc/glance/glance-api.conf

通过查找关键字,在下面添加以下配置(每次添加后再次查找,先按Esc进入命令模式后打:/ )

(查找【】中间的单词,不要添加【】)

 (建议下载一个vim(这个可以更直观看文档里面的区别)效果与vi命令大同小异,但是更直观。后面的vi命令本教程统一用vim)

下载vim命令(可以选择不下)

yum install -y vim

在对应下面添加,得找到对应的  []  下添加

[database]

connection = mysql+pymysql://keystone:000000@controller/keystone

[token]

provider = fernet

查找技巧:在命令模式下(也就是保存退出时用到的Esc这个按键),:/   后面添加要查找的关键字符,如   :/database     后按回车进行查找第一个,如果要继续往下查找,按n键往下查找,按Shift+n键为往上查找

(不要将[database]中的[]符号加入到查找里面)

[database]

connection = mysql+pymysql://glance:000000@controller/glance

[keystone_authtoken]

  1. www_authenticate_uri = http://controller:5000
  2. auth_url = http://controller:5000
  3. memcached_servers = controller:11211
  4. auth_type = password
  5. project_domain_name = Default
  6. user_domain_name = Default
  7. project_name = service
  8. username = glance
  9. password = 000000

如图所示

70ba1d1be06348368db4cbf32e47c439.png

[paste_deploy]

flavor = keystone

[glance_store]

  1. stores = file,http
  2. default_store = file
  3. filesystem_store_datadir = /var/lib/glance/images/

修改/etc/glance/glance-registry.conf

vim /etc/glance/glance-registry.conf 

跟上面操作一样,查找后添加进去

[database]

connection = mysql+pymysql://glance:000000@controller/glance

[keystone_authtoken]

  1. www_authenticate_uri = http://controller:5000
  2. auth_url = http://controller:5000
  3. memcached_servers = controller:11211
  4. auth_type = password
  5. project_domain_name = Default
  6. user_domain_name = Default
  7. project_name = service
  8. username = glance
  9. password = 000000

[paste_deploy]

flavor = keystone

(6)初始化数据库

su -s /bin/sh -c "glance-manage db_sync" glance

d8ebaa26a14a431cbaaa5a90d624d4d0.png

(7)使能和启动服务

  1. systemctl enable openstack-glance-api.service \
  2. openstack-glance-registry.service
  1. systemctl start openstack-glance-api.service \
  2. openstack-glance-registry.service

(8)创建镜像

 该操作需要提前准备好镜像Centos-7-x86_64-2009.qcow2和cirros-0.3.3-x86_64-disk.img

放到mnt目录

方法一:书本操作

  1. glance image-create --name centos7 --disk-format qcow2 \
  2. --container-format bare --progress \
  3. < /mnt/openstack/images/Centos-7-x86_64-2009.qcow2
  1. glance image-create --name cirros --disk-format qcow2 \
  2. --container-format bare --progress \
  3. < /mnt/openstack/images/cirros-0.3.3-x86_64-disk.img

查看上传情况

glance image-list

方法二:我这里提供和使用的镜像CentOS-7-x86_64-2009.qcow2和cirros-0.3.4-x86_64-disk.img

拉到mnt目录(如果这里不成功,有可能是glance数据库没创建成功,可以mysql -u root -p000000进入数据库,用show databases;查看有没有创建有glance的数据库)

e3539fa8fce74fb2a0bed9b298f4af79.png

glance image-create --name centos7 --disk-format qcow2 --container-format bare --progress < /mnt/CentOS-7-x86_64-2009.qcow2
 glance image-create --name cirros --disk-format qcow2 --container-format bare --progress < /mnt/cirros-0.3.4-x86_64-disk.img

 查看上传情况

glance image-list

8b1908cd7a0a4e6b84defc04795f5b1a.png

六、安装和配置Nova

1.controller节点

(1)创建数据库

mysql -u root -p000000

密码

1

 CREATE DATABASE nova_api;

 2

CREATE DATABASE nova;

 3

CREATE DATABASE nova_cell0;

 4

CREATE DATABASE placement;

 1(这里的1-8可以尝试使用本小段最下面整段复制)

  1. GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_api.* TO 'nova'@'localhost' \
  2. IDENTIFIED BY '000000';

 2

  1. GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_api.* TO 'nova'@'%' \
  2. IDENTIFIED BY '000000';

 3

  1. GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova.* TO 'nova'@'localhost' \
  2. IDENTIFIED BY '000000';

 4

  1. GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova.* \
  2. TO 'nova'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '000000';

 5

  1. GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_cell0.* \
  2. TO 'nova'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '000000';

 6

  1. GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_cell0.* \
  2. TO 'nova'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '000000';

 7

  1. GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON placement.* \
  2. TO 'placement'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '000000';

 8

  1. GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON placement.* \
  2. TO 'placement'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '000000';

exit退出

(整段的命令如下)

  1. GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_api.* TO 'nova'@'localhost' \
  2. IDENTIFIED BY '000000';
  3. GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_api.* TO 'nova'@'%' \
  4. IDENTIFIED BY '000000';
  5. GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova.* TO 'nova'@'localhost' \
  6. IDENTIFIED BY '000000';
  7. GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova.* \
  8. TO 'nova'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '000000';
  9. GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_cell0.* \
  10. TO 'nova'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '000000';
  11. GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_cell0.* \
  12. TO 'nova'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '000000';
  13. GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON placement.* \
  14. TO 'placement'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '000000';
  15. GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON placement.* \
  16. TO 'placement'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '000000';

(2)创建用户、角色和服务

openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt nova

输入两次密码

120f051ee8db42b69d87ccb14ea547e8.png

openstack role add --project service --user nova admin
openstack service create --name nova   --description "OpenStack Compute" compute
openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt placement

输入两次密码

openstack role add --project service --user placement admin
openstack service create --name placement   --description "Placement API" placement

完成结果

a2046596c02d46d8b725f6994390313e.png

(3)创建Endpoint(下面还是有整段

openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne   compute public http://controller:8774/v2.1

 2

openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne   compute internal http://controller:8774/v2.1

 3

openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne   compute admin http://controller:8774/v2.1

 4

openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne   placement public http://controller:8778

 5

openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne   placement internal http://controller:8778

 6

openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne   placement admin http://controller:8778

 整段命令如下

  1. openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne compute public http://controller:8774/v2.1
  2. openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne compute internal http://controller:8774/v2.1
  3. openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne compute admin http://controller:8774/v2.1
  4. openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne placement public http://controller:8778
  5. openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne placement internal http://controller:8778
  6. openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne placement admin http://controller:8778

(4)安装软件

  1. yum -y install openstack-nova-api openstack-nova-conductor \
  2. openstack-nova-console openstack-nova-novncproxy \
  3. openstack-nova-scheduler openstack-nova-placement-api

(5)修改配置

修改/etc/nova/nova.conf

vim  /etc/nova/nova.conf

(建议下载一个vim(这个可以更直观看文档里面的区别)效果与vi命令大同小异,但是更直观。后面的vi命令本教程统一用vim)

下载vim命令(可以选择不下)

yum install -y vim

在对应下面添加,得找到对应的  []  下添加

例如:

[database]

connection = mysql+pymysql://keystone:000000@controller/keystone

[token]

provider = fernet

查找技巧:在命令模式下(也就是保存退出时用到的Esc这个按键),:/   后面添加要查找的关键字符,如   :/database     后按回车进行查找第一个,如果要继续往下查找,按n键往下查找,按Shift+n键为往上查找

(不要将[database]中的[]符号加入到查找里面)

这里的ip改为自己controller节点的ip

[DEFAULT]

  1. enabled_apis = osapi_compute,metadata
  2. transport_url = rabbit://openstack:000000@controller
  3. my_ip = 192.168.200.10
  4. use_neutron = true
  5. firewall_driver = nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver

[api_database]

connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:000000@controller/nova_api

[database]

connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:000000@controller/nova

[placement_database]

connection = mysql+pymysql://placement:000000@controller/placement

[api]

auth_strategy = keystone

[keystone_authtoken]

  1. auth_url = http://controller:5000/v3
  2. memcached_servers = controller:11211
  3. auth_type = password
  4. project_domain_name = Default
  5. user_domain_name = Default
  6. project_name = service
  7. username = nova
  8. password = 000000

[vnc]

  1. enabled = true
  2. server_listen = $my_ip
  3. server_proxyclient_address = $my_ip
  4. novncproxy_base_url = http://controller:6080/vnc_auto.html

[glance]

api_servers = http://controller:9292

[oslo_concurrency]

lock_path = /var/lib/nova/tmp

[placement]

  1. region_name = RegionOne
  2. project_domain_name = Default
  3. project_name = service
  4. auth_type = password
  5. user_domain_name = Default
  6. auth_url = http://controller:5000/v3
  7. username = placement
  8. password = 000000

修改/etc/httpd/conf.d/00-nova-placement-api.conf

vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/00-nova-placement-api.conf

在最下面添加(在Esc命令模式下,如果不行,记住这个位置)

原本的配置(这个不用复制)

Listen 8778

<VirtualHost *:8778>
  WSGIProcessGroup nova-placement-api
  WSGIApplicationGroup %{GLOBAL}
  WSGIPassAuthorization On
  WSGIDaemonProcess nova-placement-api processes=3 threads=1 user=nova group=nova
  WSGIScriptAlias / /usr/bin/nova-placement-api
  <IfVersion >= 2.4>
    ErrorLogFormat "%M"
  </IfVersion>
  ErrorLog /var/log/nova/nova-placement-api.log
  #SSLEngine On
  #SSLCertificateFile ...
  #SSLCertificateKeyFile ...
</VirtualHost>

Alias /nova-placement-api /usr/bin/nova-placement-api
<Location /nova-placement-api>
  SetHandler wsgi-script
  Options +ExecCGI
  WSGIProcessGroup nova-placement-api
  WSGIApplicationGroup %{GLOBAL}
  WSGIPassAuthorization On
</Location>
 

 (添加下面的内容)

  1. <Directory /usr/bin>
  2. <IfVersion >= 2.4>
  3. Require all granted
  4. </IfVersion>
  5. <IfVersion < 2.4>
  6. Order allow,deny
  7. Allow from all
  8. </IfVersion>
  9. </Directory>

重启httpd

systemctl restart httpd

(6)初始化数据库

su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage api_db sync" nova
su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 map_cell0" nova
su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 create_cell --name=cell1 --verbose" nova
su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage db sync" nova
su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 list_cells" nova

完成后该警告,这些重复索引是被废弃的,并在将来的版本中将被禁止使用。这些警告信息可以被忽略

8275203521cc4b0b976be67b51e633b6.png

(7)使能和启动服务

  1. systemctl enable openstack-nova-api.service \
  2. openstack-nova-consoleauth.service \
  3. openstack-nova-scheduler.service \
  4. openstack-nova-conductor.service \
  5. openstack-nova-novncproxy.service
  1. systemctl start openstack-nova-api.service \
  2. openstack-nova-consoleauth.service \
  3. openstack-nova-scheduler.service \
  4. openstack-nova-conductor.service \
  5. openstack-nova-novncproxy.service

2.compute节点

(1)安装软件

yum -y install openstack-nova-compute

(2)修改配置

修改/etc/nova/nova.conf

vim /etc/nova/nova.conf

[DEFAULT](这个ip改为compute节点ip)

  1. enabled_apis = osapi_compute,metadata
  2. transport_url = rabbit://openstack:000000@controller
  3. my_ip = 192.168.200.20
  4. use_neutron = true
  5. firewall_driver = nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver

[api]

auth_strategy = keystone

[keystone_authtoken]

  1. auth_url = http://controller:5000/v3
  2. memcached_servers = controller:11211
  3. auth_type = password
  4. project_domain_name = Default
  5. user_domain_name = Default
  6. project_name = service
  7. username = nova
  8. password = 000000

[vnc]

  1. enabled = true
  2. server_listen = 0.0.0.0
  3. server_proxyclient_address = $my_ip
  4. novncproxy_base_url = http://controller:6080/vnc_auto.html

[glance]

api_servers = http://controller:9292

[oslo_concurrency]

lock_path = /var/lib/nova/tmp

[placement]

  1. region_name = RegionOne
  2. project_domain_name = Default
  3. project_name = service
  4. auth_type = password
  5. user_domain_name = Default
  6. auth_url = http://controller:5000/v3
  7. username = placement
  8. password = 000000

[libvirt]

virt_type = qemu

                                                     保存退出

(3)使能和启动服务

systemctl enable libvirtd.service openstack-nova-compute.service
systemctl start libvirtd.service openstack-nova-compute.service

3.compute节点加入集群

(1)在controller节点执行

列出计算节点:

openstack compute service list --service nova-compute

将计算节点加入cell:

su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 discover_hosts --verbose" nova

查询cell中的计算节点:

nova-manage cell_v2 list_hosts

七、安装和配置Neutron

1.controller节点

(1)创建数据库

mysql -uroot -p

 输入密码

  1. CREATE DATABASE neutron;
  2. GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON neutron.* \
  3. TO 'neutron'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '000000';
  4. GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON neutron.* \
  5. TO 'neutron'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '000000';
  6. exit

(2)创建用户、角色和服务

openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt neutron

输入两次密码

openstack role add --project service --user neutron admin

openstack service create --name neutron --description "OpenStack Networking" network

(3)创建Endpoint

  1. openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne network public http://controller:9696
  2. openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne network internal http://controller:9696
  3. openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne network admin http://controller:9696

(4)安装软件

  1. yum -y install openstack-neutron openstack-neutron-ml2 openstack-neutron-linuxbridge ebtables
  2. yum -y install libibverbs

(5)修改配置

修改1  neutron.conf

修改/etc/neutron/neutron.conf

vim /etc/neutron/neutron.conf

(建议下载一个vim(这个可以更直观看文档里面的区别)效果与vi命令大同小异,但是更直观。后面的vi命令本教程统一用vim)

下载vim命令(可以选择不下)

yum install -y vim

在对应下面添加,得找到对应的  []  下添加

例如:

[database]

connection = mysql+pymysql://keystone:000000@controller/keystone

[token]

provider = fernet

查找技巧:在命令模式下(也就是保存退出时用到的Esc这个按键),:/   后面添加要查找的关键字符,如   :/database     后按回车进行查找第一个,如果要继续往下查找,按n键往下查找,按Shift+n键为往上查找

(不要将[database]中的[]符号加入到查找里面)

[database]

connection = mysql+pymysql://neutron:000000@controller/neutron

[DEFAULT]

  1. core_plugin = ml2
  2. service_plugins = router
  3. allow_overlapping_ips = true
  4. transport_url = rabbit://openstack:000000@controller
  5. auth_strategy = keystone
  6. notify_nova_on_port_status_changes = true
  7. notify_nova_on_port_data_changes = true

[keystone_authtoken]

  1. www_authenticate_uri = http://controller:5000
  2. auth_url = http://controller:5000
  3. memcached_servers = controller:11211
  4. auth_type = password
  5. project_domain_name = default
  6. user_domain_name = default
  7. project_name = service
  8. username = neutron
  9. password = 000000

[nova]

  1. auth_url = http://controller:5000
  2. auth_type = password
  3. project_domain_name = default
  4. user_domain_name = default
  5. region_name = RegionOne
  6. project_name = service
  7. username = nova
  8. password = 000000

[oslo_concurrency]

lock_path = /var/lib/neutron/tmp

                                                   保存退出

修改2  ml2_conf.ini

修改/etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini

vim /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini 

[ml2]

  1. type_drivers = flat,vlan,vxlan,local
  2. tenant_network_types = vxlan,local
  3. mechanism_drivers = linuxbridge,l2population
  4. extension_drivers = port_security

[ml2_type_flat]

flat_networks = provider

[ml2_type_vlan]

network_vlan_ranges = provider:100:200

[ml2_type_vxlan]

vni_ranges = 1:1000

[securitygroup]

enable_ipset = true

保存退出

修改3 linuxbridge_agent.ini

修改/etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini

vim /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini

[linux_bridge](这里的ens34为自己第二张网卡名)

physical_interface_mappings = provider:ens34

[vxlan](下面的ip改为自己controller控制节点的ip)

  1. enable_vxlan = true
  2. local_ip = 192.168.200.10
  3. l2_population = true

[securitygroup]

  1. enable_security_group = true
  2. firewall_driver = neutron.agent.linux.iptables_firewall.IptablesFirewallDriver

                                       保存退出

加载模块(这个是在外面打的)

lsmod|grep br_netfilter
modprobe br_netfilter

修改4     内核参数

vim /etc/sysctl.conf

最后面添加

  1. net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables=1
  2. net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables=1

                                     保存退出

修改完后执行

sysctl -p

修改5      /etc/neutron/l3_agent.ini

vim /etc/neutron/l3_agent.ini

[DEFAULT]

interface_driver = linuxbridge

                                     保存退出

修改6        /etc/neutron/dhcp_agent.ini ,设置dhcp服务

vim /etc/neutron/dhcp_agent.ini 

[DEFAULT]

  1. interface_driver = linuxbridge
  2. dhcp_driver = neutron.agent.linux.dhcp.Dnsmasq
  3. enable_isolated_metadata = true

                                      保存退出

修改7         /etc/neutron/metadata_agent.ini,设置metadata服务

vim /etc/neutron/metadata_agent.ini

[DEFAULT]

  1. nova_metadata_host = controller
  2. metadata_proxy_shared_secret = 000000

修改8         控制节点的/etc/nova/nova.conf,让Nova使用Neutron

vim /etc/nova/nova.conf

[neutron]

  1. url = http://controller:9696
  2. auth_url = http://controller:5000
  3. auth_type = password
  4. project_domain_name = default
  5. user_domain_name = default
  6. region_name = RegionOne
  7. project_name = service
  8. username = neutron
  9. password = 000000
  10. service_metadata_proxy = true
  11. metadata_proxy_shared_secret = 000000

                                             保存退出

建立符号链接

ln -s /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini /etc/neutron/plugin.ini

(6)初始化数据库

  1. su -s /bin/sh -c "neutron-db-manage --config-file /etc/neutron/neutron.conf \
  2. --config-file /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini \
  3. upgrade head" neutron

1630d9f004594119b856d4e6e3d134db.png

(7)使能和启动服务

systemctl restart openstack-nova-api.service
  1. systemctl enable neutron-server.service \
  2. neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service \
  3. neutron-dhcp-agent.service \
  4. neutron-metadata-agent.service
  1. systemctl start neutron-server.service \
  2. neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service \
  3. neutron-dhcp-agent.service \
  4. neutron-metadata-agent.service
systemctl enable neutron-l3-agent.service
systemctl start neutron-l3-agent.service

2.compute节点

(1)安装软件

yum -y install openstack-neutron-linuxbridge ebtables ipset
yum -y install libibverbs

(2)修改配置

修改/etc/neutron/neutron.conf

vim /etc/neutron/neutron.conf

[DEFAULT]

  1. transport_url = rabbit://openstack:000000@controller
  2. auth_strategy = keystone

[keystone_authtoken]

  1. www_authenticate_uri = http://controller:5000
  2. auth_url = http://controller:5000
  3. memcached_servers = controller:11211
  4. auth_type = password
  5. project_domain_name = default
  6. user_domain_name = default
  7. project_name = service
  8. username = neutron
  9. password = 000000

[oslo_concurrency]

lock_path = /var/lib/neutron/tmp

修改/etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini

vim /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini

[linux_bridge](这里的ens34改为自己第二张网卡(仅主机模式的网卡)名称)

physical_interface_mappings = provider:ens34

[vxlan]  (这里ip改为计算节点ip)

  1. enable_vxlan = true
  2. local_ip = 192.168.200.20
  3. l2_population = true

[securitygroup]

  1. enable_security_group = true
  2. firewall_driver = neutron.agent.linux.iptables_firewall.IptablesFirewallDriver

加载模块

  1. lsmod|grep br_netfilter
  2. modprobe br_netfilter

修改内核参数

vim /etc/sysctl.conf

添加

  1. net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables=1
  2. net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables=1

21a40fd0a7064a0e95cd718cc53338d2.png

修改完后执行:

sysctl -p

修改/etc/nova/nova.conf,让Nova使用Neutron

vim /etc/nova/nova.conf

[neutron]

  1. url = http://controller:9696
  2. auth_url = http://controller:5000
  3. auth_type = password
  4. project_domain_name = default
  5. user_domain_name = default
  6. region_name = RegionOne
  7. project_name = service
  8. username = neutron
  9. password = 000000

(3)使能和启动服务

  1. systemctl restart openstack-nova-compute.service
  2. systemctl enable neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service
  3. systemctl start neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service

到此完成neutron搭建,内存充足建议保存快照

八、安装和配置Dashboard

1.controller节点安装和配置

只在controller节点安装

(1)安装软件

yum -y install openstack-dashboard

(2)修改配置

修改/etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings

vim /etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings

查找关键字   OPENSTACK_HOST =

将这三行前添加注释符#,

a8e60dc615e3465bb3f13866f4045e1c.png然后添加

  1. OPENSTACK_HOST = "controller"
  2. ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*', 'two.example.com']
  3. SESSION_ENGINE = 'django.contrib.sessions.backends.cache'
  4. CACHES = {
  5. 'default': {
  6. 'BACKEND': 'django.core.cache.backends.memcached.MemcachedCache',
  7. 'LOCATION': 'controller:11211',
  8. }
  9. }
  10. OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_URL = "http://%s:5000/v3" % OPENSTACK_HOST
  11. OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_MULTIDOMAIN_SUPPORT = True
  12. OPENSTACK_API_VERSIONS = {
  13. "identity": 3,
  14. "image": 2,
  15. "volume": 2,
  16. }
  17. OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_DEFAULT_DOMAIN = "Default"
  18. OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_DEFAULT_ROLE = "admin"
  19. TIME_ZONE = "Asia/Shanghai"

3c66e9d14765419f90d5c638f37efbec.png

                                     保存退出

修改/etc/httpd/conf.d/openstack-dashboard.conf 

vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/openstack-dashboard.conf 

在最下面添加

WSGIApplicationGroup %{GLOBAL}

                               保存退出

(3)重启httpd和memcached服务

systemctl restart httpd.service memcached.service

(4)网页搜索192.168.200.10/dashboard  (也就是controller节点ip/dashboard)

剩下的看书本图片即可

Default

admin

000000

a42fc6d1a0694ab69fff1f694a520094.png

当创建的云主机操控台无法访问到controller节点的ip时

可以点右边字体跳转更详细教程openstack控制台显示找不到controller节点ip

九、命令行模式创建云主机

(如果云平台已经创建有网络这些东西,先删除同名的)

1.查看有无名为cirros的镜像

openstack image list

如果没有cirros镜像,则创建cirros镜像:(cirros-0.3.4-x86_64-disk.img这个镜像放在mnt目录)

glance image-create --disk-format qcow2 --container-format bare --name cirros </mnt/cirros-0.3.4-x86_64-disk.img

2.创建实例类型

openstack flavor create --id 2 --ram 1024 --disk 1 --vcpus 1 f2

3.创建网络

(1)创建外网

  1. openstack network create --project admin --provider-physical-network provider \
  2. --provider-network-type flat --external ext-net

(2)创建内网

openstack network create --project admin  --provider-network-type vxlan --internal int-net

(3)创建外网子网(ip网关用第二张网卡的ip网关)

openstack subnet create --project admin --dhcp --gateway 192.168.100.1 --subnet-range 192.168.100.0/24 --network ext-net --allocation-pool start=192.168.100.100,end=192.168.100.200 ext-subnet

(4)创建内网子网(这里ip直接用这个)

openstack subnet create --project admin --dhcp --gateway 10.1.1.1 --subnet-range 10.1.1.0/24 --network int-net  int-subnet

4.创建路由器

(1)创建路由器

openstack router create --project admin router1

(2)设置外网网关

openstack router set --external-gateway ext-net --enable-snat router1

(3)连接内网

openstack router add subnet router1 int-subnet

5.创建安全组与规则

(1)创建安全组

openstack security group create --project admin sg-1

(2)创建安全组规则

  1. openstack security group rule create --remote-ip 0.0.0.0/0 --ethertype IPv4 \
  2. --protocol icmp --ingress sg-1
  3. openstack security group rule create --remote-ip 0.0.0.0/0 --ethertype IPv4 \
  4. --protocol icmp --egress sg-1
  5. openstack security group rule create --remote-ip 0.0.0.0/0 --ethertype IPv4 \
  6. --protocol tcp --dst-port 1:65535 --ingress sg-1
  7. openstack security group rule create --remote-ip 0.0.0.0/0 --ethertype IPv4 \
  8. --protocol tcp --dst-port 1:65535 --egress sg-1
  9. openstack security group rule create --remote-ip 0.0.0.0/0 --ethertype IPv4 \
  10. --protocol udp --dst-port 1:65535 --ingress sg-1
  11. openstack security group rule create --remote-ip 0.0.0.0/0 --ethertype IPv4 \
  12. --protocol udp --dst-port 1:65535 --egress sg-1

6.创建实例

  1. openstack server create --image cirros --flavor f2 --security-group sg-1 \
  2. --availability-zone nova --network int-net vm01

7.绑定浮动IP

(1)生成浮动IP

openstack floating ip create ext-net

(2)绑定浮动IP

openstack floating ip list
openstack server add floating ip vm01 192.168.30.104

注:192.168.30.104要根据实际查询结果更换。

emo了,不想更了……

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有心无力遥不可及

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............

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